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In recent years, an influential school of thought has developed which seeks to locate the Holocaust within an anti-imperialist frame of reference. This approach was never able to explain key features of the Holocaust, draws too easily on some classic antisemitic tropes, and makes it much harder than it should be to respond to the problem of genocide today., Author(s): Philip Spencer [sup.1] Author Affiliations: (1) grid.15538.3a, 0000 0001 0536 3773, Kingston University, , Kingston upon Thames, UK The recent so-called 'catechism debate'1 in Germany over how the Holocaust [...]

"The Problems of Genocide: Permanent Security and the Language of Transgression" by Dirk Moses challenges the conventional understanding of genocide and the Holocaust. Moses argues that the concept of genocide, as formulated by Raphael Lemkin, and the UN Genocide Convention are counterproductive and should be abandoned. He claims that the Holocaust was just one crime among many committed by Western states and that the focus on Jewish suffering obscures other crimes. Moses also suggests that Jews played a role in the establishment of Israel and that the Zionist project furthered the Nazi ideal of a minority-free Europe. This controversial book raises questions about the perception of genocide and the Holocaust and calls for a new approach to understanding these events. [Extracted from the article]

Background: Evolving trends in organ procurement and technological innovation prompted an investigation into recent trends, indications, and outcomes following combined heart–lung transplantation (HLTx). Methods: The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried for all adult (≥18 years) HLTx performed between July 1, 2013 and June 30, 2023. Patients with previous transplants were excluded. The primary endpoint was the effect of donor, recipient, and transplantation characteristics on 1‐ and 5‐year survival. Secondary analyses included a comparison of HLTx at high‐ and low‐volume centers, an assessment of HLTx following donation after circulatory death (DCD), and an evaluation of HLTx volume over time. Cox proportional‐hazards models were used to assess factors associated with mortality. Temporal trends were evaluated with linear regression. Results: After exclusions, 319 patients were analyzed, of whom 5 (1.6%) were DCD. HLTx volume increased from 2013 to 2023 (p < 0.001). One‐ and 5‐year survival following HLTx was 84.0% and 59.5%, respectively. One‐year survival was higher for patients undergoing HLTx at a high‐volume center (88.3% vs. 77.9%; p = 0.012). After risk adjustment, extracorporeal membrane oxygenation support 72 h posttransplant and predischarge dialysis were associated with increased 1‐year mortality (HR = 3.19, 95% CI = 1.86–5.49 and HR = 3.47, 95% CI = 2.17–5.54, respectively) and 5‐year mortality (HR = 2.901, 95% CI = 1.679–5.011 and HR = 3.327, 95% CI = 2.085–5.311, respectively), but HLTx at a high‐volume center was not associated with either. Conclusions: HLTx volume has resurged, with DCD HLTx emerging as a viable procurement strategy. Factors associated with 1‐ and 5‐year survival may be used to guide postoperative management following HLTx. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Heart transplantation from donors after circulatory death (DCD) has demonstrated increased primary graft dysfunction. Durable mechanical circulatory (MCS) recipients have slightly higher perioperative risk but excellent long‐term survival. We sought to determine if the use of DCD donors impacted outcomes for patients with MCS. The United Network for Organ Sharing database was queried from 2019 to 2023 for all adult recipients who underwent heart transplant with a durable left ventricular assist device (LVAD). Outcomes were compared for recipients of DBD and DCD donors. Kaplan–Meier analysis was used to compare survival. A total of 3449 recipients underwent heart transplant who met the study criteria. The number of DCD and DBD donors was 288 (8.4%) and 3161 (92.6%). There was no difference in the length of stay, postoperative dialysis, pacemaker, stroke rate, or in‐hospital mortality. Recipients with durable LVADs of DCD donors had a higher rate of treatment for rejection within the first year. Overall survival was not different between DBD and DCD donors (p = 0.153). Postoperative and survival outcomes for DCD donation remain similar between patients with and without MCS. These findings may help decrease waitlist time for patients with durable MCS. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) in patients with continuous flow left ventricular assist devices (CF‐LVADs) is often related to GI angiodysplasia (GIAD). We previously reported data on VEGF inhibition with IV bevacizumab in the treatment of LVAD‐associated GIAD bleeding, and now present follow‐up data on patients treated with IV bevacizumab and/or low‐dose oral pazopanib. Methods: All consecutive adult patients with LVAD‐associated GIB from GIAD treated with bevacizumab or pazopanib, from July 20, 2017 to June 22, 2022, were included in the analysis. Data on hospitalizations, GI endoscopic procedures, and blood transfusions were obtained from first admission for GIB up to a median of 35.7 months following treatment initiation (range 1.3–59.8 months). Results: Eleven patients (91% male, mean 69.5 ± 8.9 years) were included. Eight patients (73%) received IV bevacizumab, two patients (18%) received oral pazopanib, and one patient (9%) received bevacizumab followed by pazopanib therapy. We observed a significantly decreased number of annualized hospitalizations for GIB (median difference − 2.87, p = 0.002), blood transfusions (median difference − 20.9, p = 0.01), and endoscopies (median difference − 6.95, p = 0.007) in patients pre‐ and post‐anti‐angiogenic therapy (bevacizumab and/or pazopanib). Similarly, a significant improvement in these clinical outcomes was noted in the bevacizumab group with decreased annualized hospitalizations (median difference − 2.75, p = 0.014), blood transfusions (median difference − 24.5, p = 0.047), and number of endoscopies (median differences −6.88, p = 0.006). Conclusion: Anti‐angiogenic therapy with IV bevacizumab and/or low‐dose oral pazopanib appears to provide benefits in patients with LVAD‐associated GIB with reduced hospitalizations, blood transfusions, and need for GI endoscopic procedures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abdominal pain with bilious emesis is an ominous clinical presentation with many possible causes. We describe a previously healthy 4-year-old boy who presented with these symptoms and ultrasound findings of fluid throughout most of the abdominal cavity. Computed tomography imaging revealed a large cystic mass (21-by-13 cm) associated with a small bowel obstruction due to volvulus. A laparoscopic exploration was undertaken, revealing a large mass arising from the small intestinal mesentery and causing a segmental volvulus of the small bowel. Conversion to mini-laparotomy allowed reduction of the volvulus and segmental resection of the small bowel associated with a giant mesenteric lymphatic malformation. This case describes a rare cause of intestinal volvulus due to a mesenteric lymphatic malformation.