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BACKGROUND/AIMS: Liver is considered as the vital organ in the body as it performs various essential functions. Following an injury to the liver, the repair process even though initially beneficial becomes pathogenic when it is not controlled appropriately. Extensive accumulation of extracellular matrix (ECM) components can ultimately lead to cirrhosis and liver failure. Thus, the ideal strategy to treat a liver injury is to generate new hepatocytes replacing damaged cells without causing excessive ECM deposition. The objective of this study was to evaluate the potential of mesenchymal stem cells, conditioned media and murine epidermal growth factor (m-EGF) in liver regeneration following partial hepatectomy in a rat model. METHODS: The animals were anaesthetized and a midline laparotomy was done. The liver was exposed and the left lateral and median lobes were ligated and resected out (about 65-70% of total liver mass). The muscles and skin were sutured in routine fashion and thus the rat model of partial hepatectomy was prepared. The animal models were equally distributed into 4 different groups namely A, B, C and D and treated with PBS, conditioned media, mesenchymal stem cells and epidermal growth factor respectively. The liver regeneration was assessed based on clinical, haemato-biochemical, colour imaging, histopathological and immune-histochemical parameters. RESULTS: Partial hepatectomy model with surgical removal of 65-70% liver lobe was standardized and successfully used in this study. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP), gamma glutamyl transferase (GGT), bilirubin, transaminases were significantly higher (P

The celebration of crackers during festivals wanes a threat to birds and atmosphere. Attractive cracker mimics like a prey for birds. A duck had injury of its beak by cracker explosion. The lower beak had fracture and burn wound on tongue. After examination, stabilization pharyngostomy tube placed for assisted internal feeding. Because, it serves oral cavity bypass and aids no movement of fracture lower beak. The assisted feeding tube was maintained in place for 12 days without discomfort. The duck recovered uneventfully and started feeding.