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To cite this article: Santos RL, de Farias MLF, de Mendonça LMC, Gonçalves RT, Martins MA, de Souza MMG: Effects of immunosuppressant FK-506 on tooth movement Orthod Craniofac Res 2010; 13:153–161 Structured Abstract Authors – Santos RL, de Farias MLF, de Mendonça LMC, Gonçalves RT, Martins MA, de Souza MMG Objective – To test the hypothesis that immunosuppressant tacrolimus treatment can interfere with bone turnover and rate of tooth movement. Material and Methods – One-hundred twenty Wistar male rats were divided into four groups: Group 1 (rats subjected to orthodontic movement plus treatment with saline solution vehicle), Group 2 (rats subjected to orthodontic movement plus treatment with FK506), Group 3 (rats treated with FK506 only), and Group 4 (rats treated with saline solution vehicle). The maxillary incisors were laterally moved with a reciprocal load of 35 cN. The dosage of FK506 was 2 mg/kg/day. Howship’s lacunae, osteoclasts, and macrophages were counted. Results – Tooth movement was found to be greater in Group 1 than in Group 2 for all time periods (on days 3, 7, and 14), although a significant difference was observed only on days 7 and 14 ( p < 0.05). The number of osteoclasts was smaller in Group 1 than in Group 2, whereas the number of Howship’s lacunae was greater. Conclusion – FK506 has the capacity of promoting osteoclasts inhibition with probable osteoclastic apoptosis of alveolar bone following tooth movement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This systematic review examined the literature for evidence of dental root damage after contact with intermaxillary screws (IMS). Electronic databases, including the Cochrane Library, Ovid, Scirus, Scopus and Virtual Health Library, were used to search for original articles from 1980 to January 2011. Prospective and retrospective studies that assessed the association of root damage and contact with IMS were selected. Two authors independently reviewed and extracted the data from the included studies. A methodological quality scoring process was used to classify whether the articles presented low, moderate or high evidence. The search retrieved 795 citations. Nine studies fulfilled the initial selection criteria. Of these studies, 3 were excluded. Two studies did not note any iatrogenic injuries of the dental roots; the other study was a case report. Of the 6 included articles, 2 were ranked as having low and four as having moderate evidence. The moderate evidence found suggested that the roots did not exhibit clinical changes after coming into contact with the IMS, but this situation depends on the root damage level. To obtain reliable scientific evidence, studies with an adequate sample size and diagnostic methods are required to confirm the effects of IMS on the dental root., (Copyright © 2012 International Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)