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Although most people have heard the terms 'souvenirs', 'trophies', and 'mementos', discussed in books and movies on the true crimes of sexual murderers, limited research has delved into the phenomenon of theft in sexual homicide (SH). Using a sample of 762 SH cases coming from the Sexual Homicide International Database, the current study examines the crime‐commission process of the pre‐crime, crime, and post‐crime phases of sexual homicide offenders (SHOs) who engaged in theft during a SH. Additionally, this study seeks to determine if a specific type of SHO engages in this behaviour over others. Results from the sequential logistic regression indicate that victims who are 16 years or older, were strangers to the SHO, and were sex workers were more likely to be victims of theft. Additionally, results indicate that the presence of sadism made it more likely the SHO would engage in theft from the victim and/or crime scene. Findings suggest there is a group of SHOs who engage in theft not for monetary purposes but due to the paraphilia of the offender. These findings can inform the police investigation of these crimes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article examines Soliloquy of a Sailor: A Long Poem, a philosophical exploration of life and death through the metaphor of a sailor's journey. Topics include the poet's reflections on mortality and the search for meaning, the existential tension between life and death, and the spiritual quest for self-realization and understanding.

Operating from dual locations in London and Athens, the output of Night Kitchen, the experimental architectural research lab of Ifigeneia Liangi and Daniel Dream, often takes the form of anarchitectural story books, illustrated with congested, postmodern interiors full of colourful objects and artefacts. But these are not random juxtapositions of stuff – they are elaborate, multilayered tableaux, their cross‐currents haunted with associations that stretch far and wide across film, sport, literature, memorabilia, art practice and time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sources provide conflicting accounts of the role of Socrates during the trial of the generals after the Battle of Arginusae: in Plato's Apology and Xenophon's Hellenica he is presented as the only πρύτανις that opposed the will of the crowd to judge the generals in a single vote. In the Gorgias and Xenophon's Memorabilia he is elevated to the status of chairman (ἐπιστάτης). This paper revisits the possible interconnections among the sources and re-examines the suggestion that Xenophon's version in the Memorabilia is influenced by Plato's Gorgias, while also considering Diodorus Siculus' narrative of these same events. It is argued that Xenophon's agenda at Hellenica 1.7.1–16 is driven by the political aim of highlighting the deficiencies of Athenian democracy, whereas similarities between Plato's Apology and Euryptolemus' speech at Hellenica 1.7.16–35 encourage the inference that the latter text should be viewed against the backdrop of Socratic literature. The conclusion reached is that Socrates cannot have served as chairman and that the performance of his civic duties may not have been of such overriding importance as might initially appear. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The successes and failures of political leaders and their rise and fall from power are well analysed by academic studies. The roles played by former leaders however are more obscure, particularly if they continue to maintain an institutional presence. This article explores the backbench behaviour of 12 former UK prime ministers following their departure from Downing Street. We find that contemporary former prime ministers display more diverse backbench behaviour in the House of Commons, are more focused on performing constituency representation in the chamber and engage in a form of statecraft focused on real time assessments of their successors. This is significant as it suggests that our traditional assumptions of post leadership careers may need reinterpreting. It also demonstrates an ongoing democratic benefit to the presence of former leaders within legislatures. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most souvenir research applies authenticity to handicrafts and other local products, while mass-produced, perceived 'inauthentic' souvenirs are generally ignored. By de-framing the authentic-inauthentic spectrum, this study examines museum visitors/tourists' perceptions of 'cultural and creative products' with regard to place and other factors that might influence their purchase decisions in China. A qualitative approach was used to address these issues. The results show that most tourists realize the importance of place representation in souvenirs. Various collateral information sources help visitors understand the connection between souvenirs and place. Despite tourists' emphasis on creativity, participants still found similarities between cultural and creative products sold in different places, which led them to call for more creativity and uniqueness in the souvenirs sector. Besides symbolic value, other factors also influence tourists' purchase decision, such as functionality, price, esthetics, and quality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Why do we strike intrinsically inoffensive objects when they intrude upon our lives? Why, for example, do we kick the car when it breaks down, or slap the chair that pinches our finger against the table, or strike the open door that collides with our head? In this essay, I ask whether this phenomenon, which I call the performance of "pure object revenge", might arise from an impulse to execute vindicatory, and in that sense vengeful, justice upon the offending object. My new explanation for the phenomenon is that we strike the offending object because it has no life but has briefly acted as if it were alive. It therefore reminds us in the brief moment of its offence that our bodies are also inanimate dust and will return to dust and in the meantime are only briefly animated. In short, my argument is that we strike the object because it is a memento mori. To test and support this, I offer a reading of the "closet scene" at the centre of Shakespeare's Hamlet to illustrate the performative impulse to banish inanimate objects at the threshold of the living and the dead. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web archives capture, retain, and present historical versions of web pages. Viewing web archives often amounts to a user visiting the Wayback Machine homepage, typing in a URL, then choosing a date and time significant of the capture. Other web archives also capture the web and use Memento as an interoperable point of querying their captures. Memento aggregators are web accessible software packages that allow clients to send requests for past web pages to a single endpoint source that then relays that request to a set of web archives. Though few deployed aggregator instances exist that exhibit this aggregation trait, they all, for the most part, align to a model of serving a request for a URI of an original resource (URI-R) to a client by first querying then aggregating the results of the responses from a collection of web archives. This single tier querying need not be the logical flow of an aggregator, so long as a user can still utilize the aggregator from a single URL. In this paper, we discuss theoretical aggregation models of web archives. We first describe the status quo as the conventional behavior exhibited by an aggregator. We then build on prior work to describe a multi-tiered, structured querying model that may be exhibited by an aggregator. We highlight some potential issues and high-level optimization to ensure efficient aggregation while also extending on the state-of-the-art of memento aggregation. Part of our contribution is the extension of an open-source, user-deployable Memento aggregator to exhibit the capability described in this paper. We also extend a browser extension that typically consults an aggregator to have the ability to aggregate itself rather than needing to consult an external service. A purely client-side, browser-based Memento aggregator is novel to this work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores radio's material legacies by exclusively focussing on the trajectories of radio-objects, which travelled between foreign broadcasting stations and their Indian listeners during the Cold War years. The presence of such objects in listeners' homesteads/private collections even today and their affective relationship(s) to them can enable us to examine how radio materially permeated the larger social fabric of listeners' everyday lives, not just through sound but also a plethora of things. Zooming in on gifts, souvenirs, letters, photographs and memorabilia, the article shows how radio-objects enabled Indian listeners to perform difference and distinction locally, to imagine and experience foreign countries through landscape-objects, to establish networks of South-South epistolary exchange, and to 'see' both co-listeners and radio hosts through travelling photographs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos del CILHA is the property of Universidad Nacional de Cuyo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article examines the design of baseball team logos, specifically focusing on the corporate identity of teams in the United States, China, and Ukraine. The logos typically incorporate elements related to baseball, cultural heritage, and the team's name or monogram. American and Chinese baseball team logos have distinct features in terms of shape, iconography, and color scheme. The article also explores the development of a baseball club's corporate identity, including the logo, branded colors, and font. The logo of the Fireball baseball club, for example, combines a monogram, text, and symbolic element to represent the team's connection to baseball, strength, and speed. The chosen colors of blue and orange create contrast and showcase the club's energy. Overall, the logo design aims to be competitive, modern, and representative of the club's spirit. The article's analysis of baseball team logos provides insights for designers when developing the corporate identity of a sports club. [Extracted from the article]

BÖNDE GOGOVÁ, Stanislava - BEŠINA, Daniel - SABOL, Radomír. Memento mori - Christian Memorials of the Christian Tribeč Society. Small Sacral Objects of the Western Tribeč Foothills in the Open Landscape. A particularly important segment of the historical landscape structures in the Tribeč foothills is represented by small sacral objects situated in the open landscape, or placed as solitaires in the historical cores of towns or villages. In addition to being a kind of memento mori - so that humans do not forget the transience of their own lives, they also served as a profane topographical object in defining land boundaries and as a landmark at crossroads. The various chapels, crosses, wayside shrines, bell towers, statues of saints are new challenges for the expansion of research and a "hidden" potential for the construction of national and European identity. Their meaning and symbolism has changed over time, but their overall genius loci and their memory in the country persists to the present day. Although they are often overlooked, they deserve special attention in terms of presentation, protection and targeted heritage care. The study deals with the cultural content of small Christian sacral monuments of folk objects as well as their typology, based on a sample of the objects under study (roadside crosses, wayside shrines) in the open modern landscape of the western Tribeč foothills. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

'Live minting' is an emerging trend in exhibition design which offers visitors the opportunity to mint an NFT memento in the exhibition. This paper examines three examples of this current trend in museums which include Play Record Mint (PRM), at Kunsthalle, Zurich, Life After Bob at Light Art Space (LAS) Foundation, Berlin, and Unsupervised at Museum of Modern Art (MoMA), New York. Using theories on the 'museum experience' drawn from scholars such as John Falk and Lynn Dierking (2011; 1992; 2008), this paper examines to what extent the NFTs in these examples contribute or challenge this idea. In doing so, this paper investigates the intersecting values associated with NFTs and argues that NFTs are a form of digital hybrid, a token that exists in a constant state of becoming a commodity, which has both potential benefits and implications for museum exhibition design. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article titled "Memento Mori" is a personal narrative that recounts a conversation between the narrator and a woman named Preeti. The narrator is conducting interviews about a tragic event involving a young girl named Samara. Preeti shares her story of Samara's death, and the narrator notices changes in a tattoo on their arm that represents Samara's life. The article delves into themes of grief, guilt, and the impact of loss on individuals. Additionally, the text describes a person with tattoos that symbolize the stories of victims of violence and abuse, who feels compelled to seek justice for these victims. The tattoos on their body change as they fulfill their mission, exploring themes of memory, vengeance, and the emotional burden of carrying others' stories. [Extracted from the article]

Pamekasan, as one of the districts in East Java, is famous for its various interesting tourist attractions. As the number of tourists increases, the need for typical Pamekasan souvenirs also increases. This encourages souvenir craftsmen to look for efficient ways to distribute their products to tourist attractions. One method that can be used is to use Solver Excel to determine the shortest path for sending souvenirs. This research aims to determine the shortest path for sending souvenirs from production sites to tourist attractions in Pamekasan using Solver Excel. The research method used is quantitative using Excel Solver. The data used is data on the distance between production sites and tourist attractions in Pamekasan. This data was obtained from the Pamekasan Regency Tourism and Culture Office. The research results show that Solver Excel can be used to determine the shortest route for sending souvenirs from production sites to tourist attractions in Pamekasan so that it can help souvenir craftsmen to save time and costs in distributing their products. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In his poem »Memento«, Hinko Gottlieb (1886–1948) – a lawyer and a poet – portrayed a trait of his contemporary and companion Lavoslav Schick (1881–1941) – a historian and a lawyer too – with wit and humor. His approach is biographically, at the same time he uses irony to make fun of Schick's own biographical approaches to other Croatian Jews. As a result of the analysis of this commemorative poem, published in 1934, questions are raised about the source value of a satirical poem. Likewise, about the meaning, form and about (political) intentions of biographical depictions in general. For the contemporaries, but also for today's researches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

When replaying an archived web page, or memento, the fundamental expectation is that the page should be viewable and function exactly as it did at the archival time. However, this expectation requires web archives upon replay to modify the page and its embedded resources so that all resources and links reference the archive rather than the original server. Although these modifications necessarily change the state of the representation, it is understood that without them the replay of mementos from the archive would not be possible. The process of replaying mementos and the modifications made to the representations by web archives varies between archives. Because of this, there is no standard terminology for describing the replay and needed modifications. In this article, we propose terminology for describing the existing styles of replay and the modifications made on the part of web archives to mementos to facilitate replay. Because of issues discovered with server-side only modifications, we propose a general framework for the auto-generation of client-side rewriting libraries. Finally, we evaluate the effectiveness of using a generated client-side rewriting library to augment the existing replay systems of web archives by crawling mementos replayed from the Internet Archive’s Wayback Machine with and without the generated client-side rewriter. By using the generated client-side rewriter, we were able to decrease the cumulative number of requests blocked by the content security policy of the Wayback Machine for 577 mementos by 87.5% and increased the cumulative number of requests made by 32.8%. We were also able to replay mementos that were previously not replayable from the Internet Archive. Many of the client-side rewriting ideas described in this work have been implemented into Wombat, a client-side URL rewriting system that is used by the Webrecorder, Pywb, and Wayback Machine playback systems. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the wake of the #Blacklivesmatter movement and its subsequent questioning of the European colonial past and the slave trade, this article seeks to shed light on what may be considered offensive memorabilia from the colonial past and discuss how to deal with them today. The 'decolonizing the minds' movement originated in 2015 in South Africa and culminated in 2020 with an attempt to bring down the statue of Cecil Rhodes at Oriel College in Oxford. This event demonstrated that those associated with oppression are increasingly ready to challenge the presence and symbolic locations of colonial and imperial relics. Similarly, colonial postcards are part and parcel of such heritage as they often convey and showcase the racist and sexist imperial gaze of the time. The question posed by this article is: how should we respond to that 'gaze' today? [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Apathy and depression are two early behavioral symptoms in Alzheimer's disease (AD) and related disorders that often occur prior to the onset of cognitive decline and memory disturbances. Both have been associated with an increased risk of conversion to dementia, with a distinct neuropathology. Objective: The assessment of the trajectories of apathy and depression and their independent impact on dementia conversion. Methods: Apathy and Depression were measured using the Neuropsychiatric Inventory for caregiver (NPI) and clinician (NPI-C), among the nondemented individuals reporting subjective cognitive decline (SCD) at baseline. They were followed up over a 60-month period. Some converted to dementia, according to the methodology carried out by the French Memento Cohort. Results: Among individuals with SCD (n = 2,323), the levels of apathy and depression were low and did not evolve significantly over the 60-month period, despite a trend in apathy increasing as of month 24. Regarding SCD individuals who converted to dementia within the 60-month period (n = 27), the prevalence of depression remained globally steady, while the levels of apathy increased over time. Conclusion: Apathy and depression have different trajectories among individuals with SCD and apathy alone is more likely—compared to depression—to be associated with conversion to dementia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

It is important to prepare middle level teacher candidates with the dispositions, content knowledge, and pedagogy needed to implement justice-oriented practices in middle level curriculum. This article explores using Hateful Things, a traveling exhibit curated by the Jim Crow Museum of Racist Memorabilia, to integrate issues of stereotypes, biases, and racism into middle grades curriculum. Specific lessons, strategies and resources for integrating the history of the Jim Crow era, stereotypes, and American racism in middle level English Language Arts curriculum are provided. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article summarizes and records important historical events in the establishment and 40 year development process of continuing innovation and dissemination of grey system theory, providing reference for scholars who pay attention to the evolution laws of grey system theory, a new branch of uncertainty system research, as well as colleagues engaged in grey system theory research. If there are any important omissions, we sincerely welcome readers to supplement and improve. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Disease-modifying drug use necessitates better Alzheimer disease (AD) detection. Mild cognitive impairment (MCI) leverages cognitive decline to identify the risk group; similarly, mild behavioral impairment (MBI) leverages behavioral change. Adding MBI to MCI improves dementia prognostication over conventional approaches of incorporating neuropsychiatric symptoms (NPS). Here, to determine if adding MBI would better identify AD, we interrogated associations between MBI in MCI, and cerebrospinal fluid biomarkers [β-amyloid (Aβ), phosphorylated-tau (p-tau), and total-tau (tau)-ATN], cross-sectionally and longitudinally. Methods: Data were from two independent referral-based cohorts, ADNI (mean[SD] follow-up 3.14[1.07] years) and MEMENTO (4.25[1.40] years), collected 2003–2021. Exposure was based on three-group stratification: 1) NPS meeting MBI criteria; 2) conventionally measured NPS (NPSnotMBI); and 3) noNPS. Cohorts were analyzed separately for: 1) cross-sectional associations between NPS status and ATN biomarkers (linear regressions); 2) 4-year longitudinal repeated-measures associations of MBI and NPSnotMBI with ATN biomarkers (hierarchical linear mixed-effects models-LMEs); and 3) rates of incident dementia (Cox proportional hazards regressions). Results: Of 510 MCI participants, 352 were from ADNI (43.5% females; mean [SD] age, 71.68 [7.40] years), and 158 from MEMENTO (46.2% females; 68.98 [8.18] years). In ADNI, MBI was associated with lower Aβ42 (standardized β [95%CI], -5.52% [-10.48-(-0.29)%]; p = 0.039), and Aβ42/40 (p = 0.01); higher p-tau (9.67% [3.96–15.70%]; p = 0.001), t-tau (7.71% [2.70–12.97%]; p = 0.002), p-tau/Aβ42 (p < 0.001), and t-tau/Aβ42 (p = 0.001). NPSnotMBI was associated only with lower Aβ42/40 (p = 0.045). LMEs revealed a similar 4-year AD-specific biomarker profile for MBI, with NPSnotMBI associated only with higher t-tau. MBI had a greater rate of incident dementia (HR [95%CI], 3.50 [1.99–6.17; p < 0.001). NPSnotMBI did not differ from noNPS (HR 0.96 [0.49–1.89]; p = 0.916). In MEMENTO, MBI demonstrated a similar magnitude and direction of effect for all biomarkers, but with a greater reduction in Aβ40. HR for incident dementia was 3.93 (p = 0.004) in MBI, and 1.83 (p = 0.266) in NPSnotMBI. Of MBI progressors to dementia, 81% developed AD dementia. Conclusions: These findings support a biological basis for NPS that meet MBI criteria, the continued inclusion of MBI in NIA-AA ATN clinical staging, and the utility of MBI criteria to improve identification of patients for enrollment in disease-modifying drug trials or for clinical care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Swedish museums curate numerous objects made by indigenous peoples of North America. Collected already in the seventeenth century, their numbers increased in the nineteenth and early twentieth century. While some of them were collected systematically by scientific expeditions, majority of these objects were obtained as personal mementoes. Scrutinizing examples of North American souvenirs collected in the early nineteenth century by Swedes visiting America and donated to the Lund University Historical Museum, this article explores souvenirs as a particular category of representational objects. It relates them to the early nineteenth-century popular notions of the American Indian stemming from the popular literature and investigates how these two tools of representation informed one another to create and perpetuate a stereotype of Indianness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

R. Kevin Lacey's book, "All the World is Awry: Al-Maʿ⁠arrī and the Luzūmiyyāt, Revisited," explores the work of Arabic poet Abū al-ʿ⁠Alāʾ al-Maʿ⁠arrī and his poetry collection called Luzūm. The collection is known for its use of double end-rhyme and focuses on themes of renunciation and memento mori. Lacey's book provides a critical edition of Luzūm and delves into al-Maʿ⁠arrī's life, intellectual context, and the formal aspects and themes of his poetry. However, the article critiques the accuracy of the translations in the book and questions the author's interpretations, emphasizing the importance of understanding the original author's intentions. [Extracted from the article]

Copyright of Acta Historiae Artis Slovenica is the property of Scientific Research Centre of Slovenian Academy of Sciences & Arts and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Tropelías: Revista de Teoría de la Literatura y Literatura Comparada is the property of Prensas Universitarias de Zaragoza and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of this study is to determine and assess the impact of fan loyalty and price perceptions on the decision to purchase GMMTV souvenirs, with product placement serving as a moderating variable. It was found that product placement is not considered as a variable that affects the purchase of a product. In addition, the development of Thailand culture in Indonesia is not supported with further research on the importance of this culture to business market growth, and hence it is necessary to study it further. The subjects of this study were Jabodetabek fans who had purchased souvenirs. The sample size in this study was determined using Hair's formula, resulting in a sample size of 120 participants. This study was carried out by delivering questionnaires to 141 respondents. The research hypothesis was tested using SmartPLS 4.0 software and a Partial Least Square (PLS) based Structural Equation Model (SEM). The variables that are examined in this study are fan loyalty, price perceptions, product placement, and purchasing decisions. In this study, data were tested using the Measurement Model Test (Outer Model) and the Structural Model Test (Inner Model). According to the findings, customer purchasing decisions for GMMTV souvenirs are influenced by the variables of fan loyalty, price perception, and product placement individually. The results for each fan loyalty and price perception variable, however, varied when the relationship between fan loyalty and price perception was tested using the mediating variable of product placement. Price perception has a considerable influence on purchase decisions when mediated by the product placement variable, as evidenced by a t-statistic value of 2.006 and a p-value of 0.045. Price perception has a considerable influence on purchase decisions when mediated by the product placement variable, as evidenced by a t- statistic value of 2.006 and a p-value of 0.045. Meanwhile, with a t-statistic of 1.410 and a p-value of 0.159, the fan loyalty variable mediated by product placement on purchase decisions has no effect, and the hypothesis is rejected. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Web archives, such as the Internet Archive, preserve the web and allow access to prior states of web pages. We implicitly trust their versions of archived pages, but as their role moves from preserving curios of the past to facilitating present day adjudication, we are concerned with verifying the fixity of archived web pages, or mementos, to ensure they have always remained unaltered. A widely used technique in digital preservation to verify the fixity of an archived resource is to periodically compute a cryptographic hash value on a resource and then compare it with a previous hash value. If the hash values generated on the same resource are identical, then the fixity of the resource is verified. We tested this process by conducting a study on 16,627 mementos from 17 public web archives. We replayed and downloaded the mementos 39 times using a headless browser over a period of 442 days and generated a hash for each memento after each download, resulting in 39 hashes per memento. The hash is calculated by including not only the content of the base HTML of a memento but also all embedded resources, such as images and style sheets. We expected to always observe the same hash for a memento regardless of the number of downloads. However, our results indicate that 88.45% of mementos produce more than one unique hash value, and about 16% (or one in six) of those mementos always produce different hash values. We identify and quantify the types of changes that cause the same memento to produce different hashes. These results point to the need for defining an archive-aware hashing function, as conventional hashing functions are not suitable for replayed archived web pages. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Although literary geography has become an established subfield, to date, there are no in-depth geographical studies on literary groups that gather to celebrate a specific author and/or genre. To address this lacuna, my paper investigates Vancouver's official Sherlock Holmes society, The Stormy Petrels of British Columbia (hereafter Petrels). Drawing on the methods of participant observation and semi-structured interviews, as well as Jacques Lacan's concept of 'le sinthome' (hereafter sinthome), which defines how creative modes of (un)conscious enjoyment knot together psychical and social space, I explore three ways through which the Petrels' enjoyment of Sherlock Holmes gives consistency to their individual and collective lives: first, through 'nomination' wherein the Petrels identify with Sherlockian characters and make names for themselves; second, through what Lacan refers to as 'lalangue,' that is, enigmatic meanings produced by the musical flows and babbles of speech; and third, through the surplus accumulation of memorabilia, what I call 'sintholmes,' which hold a powerful attraction as sublime objects of Sherlockiana. The article concludes by considering the political dimensions of the sinthome in terms of the changes in the Petrels' demographics and the wider context of Sherlock Holmes fandom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A printed copy of his song cycle Fruit Basket, which Ferenc Farkas gave to Zoltán Kodály, bears the following dedication: “To Zoltán Kodály from his illegitimate pupil”. With the help of surviving written sources and other memorabilia, the present study attempts to explain the term “illegitimate pupil”. It answers the question of why Farkas did not study with Kodály, examines the relationship that later developed between the two. The influence of Kodály on Farkas as a composer is also discussed; however, only the most important examples and trends will be presented. This study also examines the actions Farkas took to cultivate Kodály’s memory after his death, and what he thought of the Kodály epigonism. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Unterscheidungen setzen Motive an ihren Außenseiten voraus, die nicht von den Beobachtern selbst, aber von deren Beobachtern gesehen werden können. Diese Möglichkeit ist umso wichtiger, wenn nicht nur einzelne Motive, sondern auch einschlägige und vor allem prekäre Motivmuster thematisiert werden. Am Beispiel der mesopotamischen Heldenfigur Gilgameš skizziert der Beitrag einen parasitären Umgang mit Macht, der zwar das Gemeinwohl zur Schau stellt, aber seine Ambitionen verfolgt und durch seine Übergriffe sichtbar, behandelbar und antizipierbar wird. Visuelle Mementos, hier das Ikon des Huwawa, des von Gilgameš getöteten Wächters, fungieren als Symbolisierung dieses Verhaltens und seiner Beobachtbarkeit. So gingen sie als Zeichen von Hybris, Machtmissbrauch und Tabubruch in das kulturelle Gedächtnis Mesopotamiens und der nachfolgenden Welt ein, und zwar erwartungsgemäß auch außerhalb der schriftkundigen Eliten. Distinctions presuppose motifs on their outsides, which cannot be seen by the observers themselves, but can be seen by their observers. This possibility is all the more important when not only individual motifs but also relevant and, above all, precarious motif patterns are thematized. Using the example of the Mesopotamian heroic figure Gilgameš, the article outlines a parasitic approach to power that, while flaunting the common good, pursues its ambitions and becomes visible, treatable and anticipatable through its encroachments. Visual mementos, in this case the icon of Huwawa, the guardian killed by Gilgameš, function as a symbolization of this behavior and its observability. Thus, they entered the cultural memory of Mesopotamia and the following world as signs of hubris, abuse of power, and the breaking of taboos, and, as expected, just as much outside the literate elites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]