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Radiation shielding window (RSW) glass for nuclear reactor is primarily required for protecting the operating personnel from harmful radioactive rays produced during nuclear energy generation in nu...

BACKGROUND: Cerebrovascular diseases include some of the most common and devastating disorders: ischemic stroke, hemorrhagic stroke, and cerebrovascular anomalies such as intracranial aneurysms and arteriovenous malformations. A stroke, or cerebrovascular accident, is defined by this abrupt onset of a neurologic deficit that is attributable to a focal vascular cause. Thus, the definition of stroke is clinical, and laboratory studies including brain imaging are used to support the diagnosis. AIMS: 1.To correlate clincoradiological findings in terms of prognosis, 2. To know different types of stroke along with its area of involvement and vascular distribution and its relation with outcome, 3. Role of CT SCAN brain as an early diagnostic modality to say clinical outcome. METHODS: This descriptive epidemiological study with a cross sectional study design is to be conducted in the department of medicine (indoor), R.G.KAR Medical College and Hospital. 1st June 2017 to 31st may 2018. 100 cases to be selected during study period based on following criteria. Detailed clinical history, clinical examinations with Radiological imaging like computed tomography of brain is done. We use scoring system like Intracerebral haemorrhage score, Glasgow coma scale, Modified rankin scale. Based on clinical examination proforma all the study population had been examined including recording of blood pressure and Glasgow coma score at the time of admission. Analysed by Modified Rankin scale till the 5th day post-hospital admission after stroke. RESULT: Among the total 100 study population 59 cases were of Infarction and 41 cases were of Haemorrhagic type of stroke. Within the 59 Cases of Infarction 39 (i.e. 66%) were male cases and 20 (i.e 34%) were female cases. Within the 41 cases of Haemorrhage 29 (i.e. 71%) were male and 12 (i.e. 29%) were female. The mean age of the study population of Infarction cases was 55.55 years ±12.84 SD. The mean age of the study population of Haemorrhage cases was 57.48years±13.46SD. Infraction cases show increased mortality among the group having systolic blood & diastolic pressure ≥ 180 mm of Hg, ≥ 110 mm of Hg respectively. Hemorrhagic cases show increased mortality among the group having systolic blood pressure, diastolic pressure ≥ 180 mm of Hg, ≥ 110 mm of Hg respectively. CONCLUSION: Incidence of haemorrhage is much higher in India (41% as per our study). The study population between 51- 60 years is most predominant age group in both the types of stroke. Most of the infarction cases presents with unconsciousness followed by slurring of speech. Most common presenting symptoms of Haemorrhagic stroke are unconsciousness, present at about 56% of cases. The most prominent risk factor in our study population is undetected and/or uncontrolled hypertension. Study population with SBP ≥180 and/or DBP ≥110 mm of Hg group have increased rate of mortality from stroke. The major type of ischemic stroke in our study population is partial anterior circulation stroke (PACI) 47.4%. Most of the study population having Infarction has developed severe disability at the end of 5 days of observation, comprising of 40.5% of the total observation. Keywords: CVA (cerebrovascular accident), CT Scan (computed tomography), MRI (Magnetic resonance imaging), GCS Scale (Glasgow coma scale)

The chemical stability of Ba0.8Ce0.85-xZrxTb0.15O3-δ (0.1≤×≤0.5) has been studied in dry 5% H2/Ar, wet 5% H2/Ar and dry CO2 atmosphere at higher temperature. These materials are promising candidates for mixed ionic electronic conductor based H2 separation membr ane. The materials are prepared by combustion synthesis technique successively followed by calcination at 1100°C and sintering at 1550°C in air. The stabilization mechanism of sintered specimens in various atmospheres is explained with respect to the combined effect of zirconium oxide and zinc oxide as stabilizing agent and sintering aid respectively. Zr4+ introduction into Ce4+ site of doped bar ium cerate perovskite enhances the chemical stability of these materials, particularly for the composition with x>0.3. The stable sintered material is obtained with total electrical conductivity of 0.0189 S.cm−1 for the composition Ba0.8Ce0.35Zr0.5Tb0.15O3-δ in moist reducing atmosphere at 900°C. So, in the present work, we report a composition whi...

The electrical conductivities of La 2− x Ca x Zr 2 O 7− δ (0 ≤ x ≤ 0.07) have been studied in air, and both moist and dry reducing atmosphere (5% H 2 in Ar) in the temperature range between 550 °C and 850 °C. The powders are prepared by combustion synthesis technique. The electrical conduction mechanism of the sintered samples in various atmospheres is explained with respect to activation energy and defect sites formed within these materials. The sintered materials of all the compositions follow the linear behaviour in the Arrhenius plot. Maximum electrical conductivity obtained at 850 °C is 0.013 S/cm for La 1.95 Ca 0.05 Zr 2 O 7− δ under moist reducing atmosphere and 0.0093 S/cm for La 1.93 Ca 0.07 Zr 2 O 7− δ in air atmosphere.

The electrical conductivity of Ba0.8Ce1−xTbxO3−δ (0≤x≤0.15) has been studied in air and moist reducing atmosphere (5% H2 in Ar) in the temperature range between 550 and 900 °C. The powders of such materials are prepared by the combustion synthesis technique. The microstructure of the sintered specimens correlates well with its electrical properties. Electrical conduction mechanism of sintered specimens in various atmospheres is explained with respect to defect sites formed within the material. The generation of hydroxyl vacancy, proton and hole in moist reducing atmosphere increases the protonic conductivity significantly compared to hole/oxide ion conductivity in air atmosphere. Grain and grain boundary conductivity have been determined from the impedance measurements. The complex mechanism of electrical conduction of the sintered materials does not follow the linear behaviour in the Arrhenious plot. Maximum electrical conductivity obtained under moist reducing atmosphere is 0.049 S cm−1 for Ba0.8Ce0.85Tb0.15O3−δ at 900 °C.

Highlights: Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Phase pure La{sub 1.95}Ca{sub 0.05}Zr{sub 2}O{sub 7-{delta}} (LCZ) material is prepared by combustion synthesis. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer LCZ and Ni-LCZ bulk samples are prepared with theoretical density close to 100%. Black-Right-Pointing-Pointer Bulk electrical conductivity {approx}400 S/cm is obtained for Ni-LCZ cermet at 750 Degree-Sign C. -- Abstract: La{sub 1.95}Ca{sub 0.05}Zr{sub 2}O{sub 7-{delta}} (LCZ) and Ni-LCZ cermet have been prepared by combustion synthesis and conventional solid state mixing methods respectively. Both the materials are sintered in air and controlled atmosphere (5% H{sub 2} in Ar). The density obtained for the material sintered at 1400 Degree-Sign C in controlled atmosphere is found to be more than 99.5%. This sintering temperature (1400 Degree-Sign C) is considered to be much lower compared to the conventional sintering temperature. The corresponding total conductivity for such Ni-LCZ cermet materials is {approx}400 S/cm measured at 750 Degree-Sign C having 40 vol% of Ni and 60 vol% LCZ.

It is important to assess the severity of ulcerative colitis (UC) in order to decide the intensity of treatment and predict outcome. The criteria instituted by Truelove and Witts almost 60 years back are still being used. However, they lack a scoring system and offer no clear definition for the moderate group. The criteria with scoring system and endoscopic criteria (Mayo Score) seems to be more useful clinically. Endoscopic assessment is very important and a cautious attempt should always be made even if it enables a limited colonoscopic examination. Proctosigmoidoscopy is advocated at initial stages and after 5 to 7 days. The criteria for severity in general are same for pan-colitis and limited disease.