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Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a prevalent endocrine disorder affecting women of reproductive age, with significant variations in presentation characterized by hyperandrogenism, ovulatory dysfunction, and polycystic ovarian morphology. Beyond reproductive health, it may also pose crucial long-term cardiometabolic risks, especially for women with specific types of PCOS, contributing to early subclinical cardiovascular atherosclerotic alterations such as endothelial dysfunction, increased arterial stiffness, and coronary artery calcium levels, respectively. Moreover, the precise relationship between clinical cardiovascular disease (CVD) and PCOS remains debated, with studies demonstrating an elevated risk while others report no significant association. This review investigates the pathophysiology of PCOS, focusing on insulin resistance and its link to subclinical and clinical cardiovascular disease. Diagnostic challenges and novel management strategies, including lifestyle interventions, medications like metformin and glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), hormonal contraceptives, and bariatric surgery, are further discussed. Recognizing the cardiometabolic risks associated with PCOS, a comprehensive approach and early intervention should address both the reproductive and cardiometabolic dimensions of the syndrome.

Introduction: Wearable Activity Trackers (WATs) offer real-time feedback on activity levels. We assessed the impact of WAT usage on physicians’ exercise habits. Methods: Physicians from the Athens Medical Association, Greece (n = 742) responded to a self-administered questionnaire evaluating usage of WAT, demographic characteristics, specialty, and physical exercise habits. WHO guidelines recommend at least 150 min/week of moderate-intensity exercise in all healthy adults. Subjects were divided in Users of WATs (Group A), and Non-Users of WATs (Group B). This is an observational, cross-sectional study. Results: There was no difference in baseline characteristics between the two groups (age, sex, body mass index). WATs were used by 38%. Between Group A and B, there was difference in mean exercise training time (302 ± 304 min vs. 210 ± 268 min, p < 0.001), higher percentage of WHO goal achievement (66.3% vs. 50.7%, p < 0.001), and greater awareness of WHO Guidelines (59.9% vs. 47.4%, p < 0.001). WATs were mostly used by four main specialties, with higher use from Cardiologists: Cardiology (47%), Endocrinology (44%), Surgery (35%) and Internal Medicine (25%), with a p = 0.045. Finally, users of WATs compared to non-users showed higher willingness to reduce body weight (58.5% vs. 48%, p = 0.01), apply dietary restrictions (36.5% vs. 29.6%, p = 0.05), and greater motivation for weekly physical exercise (74.1% vs. 32.4%, p < 0.001); Conclusion: Physicians using WATs demonstrate increased exercise training time, greater awareness of WHO guidelines and a higher propensity to implement dietary restrictions compared to non-users. Variations in WAT usage across medical specialties emphasize the need for targeted interventions to promote physical activity and enhance healthcare professionals’ health.