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63 results on '"Sotiria Fotopoulou"'

1. The Euclid Data Processing Challenges.

Author: Pierre Dubath, Nikolaos Apostolakos, Andrea Bonchi, Andrey N. Belikov, Massimo Brescia, Stefano Cavuoti, Peter Capak, Jean Coupon, Christophe Dabin, Hubert Degaudenzi, Shantanu Desai, Florian Dubath, Adriano Fontana, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Marco Frailis, Audrey Galametz, John Hoar, Mark Holliman, Ben Hoyle, Patrick Hudelot, Olivier Ilbert, Martin Kuemmel, Martin Melchior, Yannick Mellier, Joe Mohr, Nicolas Morisset, Stéphane Paltani, Roser Pello, Stefano Pilo, Gianluca Polenta, Maurice Poncet, Roberto Saglia, Mara Salvato, Marc Sauvage, Marc Schefer, Santiago Serrano, Marco Soldati, Andrea Tramacere, O. Rees Williams, and Andrea Zacchei
Published: 2016
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2. Learn from every mistake! Hierarchical information combination in astronomy.

Author: Maria Süveges, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Jean Coupon, Stéphane Paltani, Laurent Eyer, and Lorenzo Rimoldini
Published: 2016
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3. Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: insight from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS)

Author: David J. Rosario, L. Klindt, V. A. Fawcett, Sotiria Fotopoulou, David M. Alexander, Elisabeta Lusso, G. Calistro Rivera, and Leah K. Morabito
Subjects: QSOS, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, surveys, quasars: general, galaxies: star formation, radio continuum: galaxies, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, LOFAR, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract: Red quasi-stellar objects (QSOs) are a subset of the luminous end of the cosmic population of active galactic nuclei (AGN), most of which are reddened by intervening dust along the line-of-sight towards their central engines. In recent work from our team, we developed a systematic technique to select red QSOs from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS), and demonstrated that they have distinctive radio properties using the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty centimeters (FIRST) radio survey. Here we expand our study using low-frequency radio data from the LOFAR Two-metre Sky Survey (LoTSS). With the improvement in depth that LoTSS offers, we confirm key results: compared to a control sample of normal "blue" QSOs matched in redshift and accretion power, red QSOs have a higher radio detection rate and a higher incidence of compact radio morphologies. For the first time, we also demonstrate that these differences arise primarily in sources of intermediate radio-loudness: radio-intermediate red QSOs are $\times 3$ more common than typical QSOs, but the excess diminishes among the most radio-loud and the most radio-quiet systems in our study. We develop Monte-Carlo simulations to explore whether differences in star formation could explain these results, and conclude that, while star formation is an important source of low-frequency emission among radio-quiet QSOs, a population of AGN-driven compact radio sources is the most likely cause for the distinct low-frequency radio properties of red QSOs. Our study substantiates the conclusion that fundamental differences must exist between the red and normal blue QSO populations., Comment: 20 pages, 16 Figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2020

4. A panchromatic view of infrared quasars: excess star formation and radio emission in the most heavily obscured systems

Author: Carolina Andonie, David M Alexander, David Rosario, Brivael Laloux, Antonis Georgakakis, Leah K Morabito, Carolin Villforth, Mathilda Avirett-Mackenzie, Gabriela Calistro Rivera, Agnese Del Moro, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Chris Harrison, Andrea Lapi, James Petley, Grayson Petter, and Francesco Shankar
Subjects: Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Space and Planetary Science, quasars: general, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, infrared: galaxies
Abstract: To understand the Active Galactic Nuclei (AGN) phenomenon and their impact on the evolution of galaxies, a complete AGN census is required; however, finding heavily obscured AGNs is observationally challenging. Here we use the deep and extensive multi-wavelength data in the COSMOS field to select a complete sample of 578 infrared (IR) quasars ($L_{\rm AGN,IR}>10^{45}\rm \: erg\: s^{-1}$) at $z10^{22}\rm \: cm^{-2}$) and identify differences in the average properties between the obscured and unobscured quasars: (1) obscured quasars have star-formation rates $\approx 3$ times higher than unobscured systems for no significant difference in stellar mass and (2) obscured quasars have stronger radio emission than unobscured systems, with a radio-loudness parameter $\approx 0.2 \rm \: dex$ higher. These results are inconsistent with a simple orientation model but in general agreement with either extreme host-galaxy obscuration towards the obscured quasars or a scenario where obscured quasars are an early phase in the evolution of quasars., Accepted for publication in MNRAS. 22 pages, 15 figures, 4 tables
Published: 2022
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5. The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) Survey: Analysis and Data Release 2

Author: Daniel C. Masters, Daniel K. Stern, Judith G. Cohen, Peter L. Capak, S. Adam Stanford, Nina Hernitschek, Audrey Galametz, Iary Davidzon, Jason D. Rhodes, Dave Sanders, Bahram Mobasher, Francisco Castander, Kerianne Pruett, and Sotiria Fotopoulou
Published: 2019
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6. Euclid preparation. XII. Optimizing the photometric sample of the Euclid survey for galaxy clustering and galaxy-galaxy lensing analyses

Author: Martin Crocce, Chiara Sirignano, O. Mansutti, L. Whittaker, Massimo Meneghetti, I. Ferrero, Alina Kiessling, Edwin A. Valentijn, Gianluca Castignani, S. Maurogordato, Giuseppe Riccio, P. B. Lilje, Carlo Burigana, Rafael Toledo-Moreo, B. Gillis, Davide Maino, Felix Hormuth, G. Sirri, F. Sureau, W. A. Holmes, Marco Baldi, Richard Massey, Knud Jahnke, K. Pedersen, A. Da Silva, Enrico Bozzo, E. Romelli, Simona Mei, C. Bodendorf, Jussi Valiviita, L. Popa, R. Cledassou, Luigi Guzzo, Andrea Cimatti, A. Pocino, F. Raison, Hélène M. Courtois, M. Tenti, Jarle Brinchmann, Robert C. Nichol, M. Poncet, Massimo Brescia, D. Di Ferdinando, Ghassem Gozaliasl, G. Meylan, D. Bonino, C. Neissner, C. S. Carvalho, Anne Costille, C. A. J. Duncan, M. Viel, A. Balaguera-Antolínez, Valeria Pettorino, Leonardo Corcione, S. Serrano, X. Dupac, Jean Coupon, C. Baccigalupi, R. Benton Metcalf, S. Farrens, Lauro Moscardini, V. Scottez, Yu Wang, Marco Castellano, G. Zamorani, Roberto P. Saglia, Andrea Biviano, Martin Kunz, F. Grupp, S. Casas, S. M. Niemi, J. Nightingale, Enzo Branchini, A. Secroun, N. Martinet, Mark Cropper, G. Seidel, Ismael Tereno, L. Stanco, L. Conversi, E. Medinaceli, Doug Potter, Stefano Cavuoti, Lucia Pozzetti, A. Cappi, F. J. Castander, C. C. Kirkpatrick, G. Congedo, R. Nakajima, Emanuel Rossetti, B. Morin, Fabio Finelli, F. Lacasa, Y. Copin, C. Padilla, Andrea Tramacere, W. Gillard, M. Martinelli, E. Keihänen, S. Kermiche, Mauro Roncarelli, Domenico Sapone, B. Garilli, I. Lloro, E. Munari, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Ariel G. Sánchez, Julien Zoubian, T. Vassallo, Romain Teyssier, Stefano Camera, Ole Marggraf, S. de la Torre, Z. Sakr, V. Capobianco, L. Patrizii, Carlo Giocoli, Stefano Andreon, S. Dusini, M. Frailis, A. Balestra, Ralf Bender, Pedro G. Ferreira, A. Boucaud, Jason Rhodes, Luca Valenziano, E. Zucca, F. Dubath, S. Bardelli, G. Polenta, Pablo Fosalba, Peter Schneider, Elisabetta Maiorano, Fabio Pasian, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, N. Welikala, Natalia Auricchio, Thomas D. Kitching, A. Porredon, V. F. Cardone, C. Colodro-Conde, Michele Moresco, Andy Taylor, Will J. Percival, Alkistis Pourtsidou, Christopher J. Conselice, S. Paltani, E. Franceschi, Sebastiano Ligori, Roberto Scaramella, Javier Graciá-Carpio, A. Renzi, Remi A. Cabanac, S. Galeotta, S. Pires, Federico Marulli, Andrea Zacchei, I. Tutusaus, Astronomy, Pocino, A., Tutusaus, I., Castander, F. J., Fosalba, P., Crocce, M., Porredon, A., Camera, S., Cardone, V., Casas, S., Kitching, T., Lacasa, F., Martinelli, M., Pourtsidou, A., Sakr, Z., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baccigalupi, C., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Bender, R., Biviano, A., Bodendorf, C., Bonino, D., Boucaud, A., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Burigana, C., Cabanac, R., Capobianco, V., Cappi, A., Carvalho, C. S., Castellano, M., Castignani, G., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Cledassou, R., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Costille, A., Coupon, J., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Cuby, J. -G., Da Silva, A., De La Torre, S., Di Ferdinando, D., Dubath, F., Duncan, C., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Farrens, S., Ferreira, P. G., Ferrero, I., Finelli, F., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Jahnke, K., Keihanen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Mansutti, O., Marggraf, O., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maurogordato, S., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Meneghetti, M., Benton Metcalf, R., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Morin, B., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Neissner, C., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S., Nightingale, J., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Patrizii, L., Pedersen, K., Percival, W. J., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L., Potter, D., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A. G., Sapone, D., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Sureau, F., Taylor, A. N., Tenti, M., Tereno, I., Teyssier, R., Toledo-Moreo, R., Tramacere, A., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Vassallo, T., Viel, M., Wang, Y., Welikala, N., Whittaker, L., Zacchei, A., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Euclid, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Department of Physics, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Pocino A., Tutusaus I., Castander F.J., Fosalba P., Crocce M., Porredon A., Camera S., Cardone V., Casas S., Kitching T., Lacasa F., Martinelli M., Pourtsidou A., Sakr Z., Andreon S., Auricchio N., Baccigalupi C., Balaguera-Antolinez A., Baldi M., Balestra A., Bardelli S., Bender R., Biviano A., Bodendorf C., Bonino D., Boucaud A., Bozzo E., Branchini E., Brescia M., Brinchmann J., Burigana C., Cabanac R., Capobianco V., Cappi A., Carvalho C.S., Castellano M., Castignani G., Cavuoti S., Cimatti A., Cledassou R., Colodro-Conde C., Congedo G., Conselice C.J., Conversi L., Copin Y., Corcione L., Costille A., Coupon J., Courtois H.M., Cropper M., Cuby J.-G., Da Silva A., De La Torre S., Di Ferdinando D., Dubath F., Duncan C., Dupac X., Dusini S., Farrens S., Ferreira P.G., Ferrero I., Finelli F., Fotopoulou S., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Galeotta S., Garilli B., Gillard W., Gillis B., Giocoli C., Gozaliasl G., Gracia-Carpio J., Grupp F., Guzzo L., Holmes W., Hormuth F., Jahnke K., Keihanen E., Kermiche S., Kiessling A., Kirkpatrick C.C., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Ligori S., Lilje P.B., Lloro I., Maino D., Maiorano E., Mansutti O., Marggraf O., Martinet N., Marulli F., Massey R., Maurogordato S., Medinaceli E., Mei S., Meneghetti M., Benton Metcalf R., Meylan G., Moresco M., Morin B., Moscardini L., Munari E., Nakajima R., Neissner C., Nichol R.C., Niemi S., Nightingale J., Padilla C., Paltani S., Pasian F., Patrizii L., Pedersen K., Percival W.J., Pettorino V., Pires S., Polenta G., Poncet M., Popa L., Potter D., Pozzetti L., Raison F., Renzi A., Rhodes J., Riccio G., Romelli E., Roncarelli M., Rossetti E., Saglia R., Sanchez A.G., Sapone D., Scaramella R., Schneider P., Scottez V., Secroun A., Seidel G., Serrano S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Stanco L., Sureau F., Taylor A.N., Tenti M., Tereno I., Teyssier R., Toledo-Moreo R., Tramacere A., Valentijn E.A., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Vassallo T., Viel M., Wang Y., Welikala N., Whittaker L., Zacchei A., Zamorani G., Zoubian J., and Zucca E.
Subjects: luminous red galaxies, Cosmological parameter, Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, techniques: photometric, galaxies, Galaxies: distances and redshift, distances and redshifts, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Physics, Redshift survey, lsst, astro-ph.CO, galaxies: distances and redshifts, constraints, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, redshift survey, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Cosmological parameters, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, photometric, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, distances and redshifts [Galaxies], cosmological parameters, Spurious relationship, Cluster analysis, dark energy survey, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photometric [Techniques], Astronomy and Astrophysics, space, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxies: distances and redshifts, Techniques: photometric, techniques, Focus (optics), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], cosmology, cosmic shear, intrinsic alignments
Abstract: Pocino, A., et al. (Euclid Collaboration), Photometric redshifts (photo-zs) are one of the main ingredients in the analysis of cosmological probes. Their accuracy particularly affects the results of the analyses of galaxy clustering with photometrically selected galaxies (GCph) and weak lensing. In the next decade, space missions such as Euclid will collect precise and accurate photometric measurements for millions of galaxies. These data should be complemented with upcoming ground-based observations to derive precise and accurate photo-zs. In this article we explore how the tomographic redshift binning and depth of ground-based observations will affect the cosmological constraints expected from the Euclid mission. We focus on GCph and extend the study to include galaxy-galaxy lensing (GGL). We add a layer of complexity to the analysis by simulating several realistic photo-z distributions based on the Euclid Consortium Flagship simulation and using a machine learning photo-z algorithm. We then use the Fisher matrix formalism together with these galaxy samples to study the cosmological constraining power as a function of redshift binning, survey depth, and photo-z accuracy. We find that bins with an equal width in redshift provide a higher figure of merit (FoM) than equipopulated bins and that increasing the number of redshift bins from ten to 13 improves the FoM by 35% and 15% for GCph and its combination with GGL, respectively. For GCph, an increase in the survey depth provides a higher FoM. However, when we include faint galaxies beyond the limit of the spectroscopic training data, the resulting FoM decreases because of the spurious photo-zs. When combining GCph and GGL, the number density of the sample, which is set by the survey depth, is the main factor driving the variations in the FoM. Adding galaxies at faint magnitudes and high redshift increases the FoM, even when they are beyond the spectroscopic limit, since the number density increase compensates for the photo-z degradation in this case. We conclude that there is more information that can be extracted beyond the nominal ten tomographic redshift bins of Euclid and that we should be cautious when adding faint galaxies into our sample since they can degrade the cosmological constraints.
Published: 2021

7. Euclid Preparation. XIV. The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) Survey: Data Release 3

Author: P. Tallada Crespí, Alina Kiessling, L. Stanco, Y. Copin, E. Zucca, Edwin A. Valentijn, L. Moscardini, C. A. J. Duncan, F. Torradeflot, G. Sirri, Bahram Mobasher, F. J. Castander, Harry I. Teplitz, F. Pasian, H. Degaudenzi, Marian Douspis, Santiago Serrano, E. Munari, Henk Hoekstra, Stefano Cavuoti, C. Sirignano, Jean Coupon, G. Mainetti, Massimo Brescia, S. Bardelli, Ariel G. Sánchez, Stefano Camera, Matteo Viel, Pablo Fosalba, V. Scottez, A. Balaguera-Antolínez, D. Di Ferdinando, G. Polenta, R. B. Metcalf, J. Nightingale, Andrea Zacchei, G. A. Verdoes Kleijn, Jason Rhodes, V. Capobianco, Enrico Bozzo, Gianluca Castignani, Florent Sureau, Natalia Auricchio, L. Patrizii, Ivan Lloro, L. Whittaker, Doug Potter, C. S. Carvalho, B. Kubik, S. Casas, M. Fabricius, R. Cledassou, Andrea Biviano, J. Valiviita, Nabila Aghanim, E. Borsato, Peter Schneider, K. Pedersen, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, Lucia Pozzetti, I. Davidzon, Sandrine Pires, Andrea Cimatti, Domenico Sapone, Eugenio Maiorano, Massimo Meneghetti, C. C. Kirkpatrick, S. de la Torre, J. Carretero, S. Dusini, Roberto Scaramella, M. Farina, R. Nakajima, G. Congedo, Ralf Bender, Pedro G. Ferreira, David B. Sanders, B. Morin, Ole Marggraf, Peter Capak, Martin Kunz, P. Flose-Reimberg, Luca Conversi, Giuseppe Riccio, A. Balestra, Stéphane Paltani, M. Tenti, W. Gillard, Luca Valenziano, M. Schultheis, Carlo Giocoli, Martin Kilbinger, Carlo Burigana, P. B. Lilje, P. Hudelot, Ken Ganga, Marco Baldi, A. Da Silva, P. Franzetti, D. Masters, S. Kermiche, N. Hernitschek, F. Raison, Anne Costille, S. A. Stanford, C. Bodendorf, Leonardo Corcione, Daniel Stern, Frank Grupp, Romain Teyssier, Stefano Andreon, Herve Aussel, Mischa Schirmer, Cristobal Padilla, Adam Amara, E. Romelli, Ghassem Gozaliasl, Yu Wang, Marco Castellano, Enzo Branchini, N. Martinet, Mark Cropper, M. Poncet, Sami-Matias Niemi, G. Seidel, Ismael Tereno, F. Dubath, Hélène M. Courtois, C. J. Conselice, Katarina Markovic, Davide Maino, Felix Hormuth, A. Cappi, S. Maurogordato, D. Bonino, Roberto P. Saglia, Simona Mei, V. Lindholm, E. Keihänen, Richard Massey, Knud Jahnke, Georges Meylan, Mauro Roncarelli, S. Farrens, Sotiria Fotopoulou, A. N. Taylor, Matteo Maturi, W. Holmes, A. Renzi, Federico Marulli, M. Fumana, Ricard Casas, C. Colodro-Conde, Bianca Garilli, Michele Moresco, Jarle Brinchmann, G. Zamorani, M. Kümmel, R. Kohley, Sebastiano Ligori, E. Franceschi, Rafael Toledo-Moreo, Achille A. Nucita, X. Dupac, Stein Vidar Hagfors Haugan, L. Popa, Javier Graciá-Carpio, C. Neissner, Remi A. Cabanac, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, S. Galeotta, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Thomas D. Kitching, Behnam Darvish, Emanuel Rossetti, Julien Zoubian, T. Vassallo, A. Secroun, E. Medinaceli, J. G. Cohen, Valeria Pettorino, Carmelita Carbone, René J. Laureijs, Fabio Finelli, Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Centre de Calcul de l'IN2P3 (CC-IN2P3), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Stanford, S. A., Masters, D., Darvish, B., Stern, D., Cohen, J. G., Capak, P., Hernitschek, N., Davidzon, I., Rhodes, J., Sanders, D. B., Mobasher, B., Castander, F. J., Paltani, S., Aghanim, N., Amara, A., Auricchio, N., Balestra, A., Bender, R., Bodendorf, C., Bonino, D., Branchini, E., Brinchmann, J., Capobianco, V., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Casas, R., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Cledassou, R., Conselice, C. J., Corcione, L., Costille, A., Cropper, M., Degaudenzi, H., Douspis, M., Dubath, F., Dusini, S., Fosalba, P., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Franzetti, P., Fumana, M., Garilli, B., Giocoli, C., Grupp, F., Haugan, S. V. H., Hoekstra, H., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Hudelot, P., Jahnke, K., Kiessling, A., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kubik, B., Kummel, M., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Laureijs, R., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maiorano, E., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Massey, R., Meneghetti, M., Meylan, G., Moscardini, L., Niemi, S. M., Padilla, C., Pasian, F., Pedersen, K., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Poncet, M., Popa, L., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Scaramella, R., Schneider, P., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Taylor, A. N., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Verdoes Kleijn, G. A., Wang, Y., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Brescia, M., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Kermiche, S., Kohley, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Moresco, M., Morin, B., Munari, E., Polenta, G., Sureau, F., Tallada Crespi, P., Vassallo, T., Zacchei, A., Andreon, S., Aussel, H., Baccigalupi, C., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Baldi, M., Bardelli, S., Biviano, A., Borsato, E., Bozzo, E., Burigana, C., Cabanac, R., Camera, S., Cappi, A., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, S., Castignani, G., Colodro-Conde, C., Coupon, J., Courtois, H. M., Cuby, J. -G., Da Silva, A., De La Torre, S., Di Ferdinando, D., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Fabricius, M., Farina, M., Farrens, S., Ferreira, P. G., Finelli, F., Flose-Reimberg, P., Fotopoulou, S., Galeotta, S., Ganga, K., Gillard, W., Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Keihanen, E., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Lindholm, V., Mainetti, G., Maino, D., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Maturi, M., Maurogordato, S., Metcalf, R. B., Nakajima, R., Neissner, C., Nightingale, J. W., Nucita, A. A., Patrizii, L., Potter, D., Renzi, A., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Sanchez, A. G., Sapone, D., Schirmer, M., Schultheis, M., Scottez, V., Stanco, L., Tenti, M., Teyssier, R., Torradeflot, F., Valiviita, J., Viel, M., Whittaker, L., Zucca, E., Astronomy, Stanford S.A., Masters D., Darvish B., Stern D., Cohen J.G., Capak P., Hernitschek N., Davidzon I., Rhodes J., Sanders D.B., Mobasher B., Castander F.J., Paltani S., Aghanim N., Amara A., Auricchio N., Balestra A., Bender R., Bodendorf C., Bonino D., Branchini E., Brinchmann J., Capobianco V., Carbone C., Carretero J., Casas R., Castellano M., Cavuoti S., Cimatti A., Cledassou R., Conselice C.J., Corcione L., Costille A., Cropper M., Degaudenzi H., Douspis M., Dubath F., Dusini S., Fosalba P., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Franzetti P., Fumana M., Garilli B., Giocoli C., Grupp F., Haugan S.V.H., Hoekstra H., Holmes W., Hormuth F., Hudelot P., Jahnke K., Kiessling A., Kilbinger M., Kitching T., Kubik B., Kummel M., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Laureijs R., Ligori S., Lilje P.B., Lloro I., Maiorano E., Marggraf O., Markovic K., Massey R., Meneghetti M., Meylan G., Moscardini L., Niemi S.M., Padilla C., Pasian F., Pedersen K., Pettorino V., Pires S., Poncet M., Popa L., Pozzetti L., Raison F., Roncarelli M., Rossetti E., Saglia R., Scaramella R., Schneider P., Secroun A., Seidel G., Serrano S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Taylor A.N., Teplitz H.I., Tereno I., Toledo-Moreo R., Valentijn E.A., Valenziano L., Verdoes Kleijn G.A., Wang Y., Zamorani G., Zoubian J., Brescia M., Congedo G., Conversi L., Copin Y., Kermiche S., Kohley R., Medinaceli E., Mei S., Moresco M., Morin B., Munari E., Polenta G., Sureau F., Tallada Crespi P., Vassallo T., Zacchei A., Andreon S., Aussel H., Baccigalupi C., Balaguera-Antolinez A., Baldi M., Bardelli S., Biviano A., Borsato E., Bozzo E., Burigana C., Cabanac R., Camera S., Cappi A., Carvalho C.S., Casas S., Castignani G., Colodro-Conde C., Coupon J., Courtois H.M., Cuby J.-G., Da Silva A., De La Torre S., Di Ferdinando D., Duncan C.A.J., Dupac X., Fabricius M., Farina M., Farrens S., Ferreira P.G., Finelli F., Flose-Reimberg P., Fotopoulou S., Galeotta S., Ganga K., Gillard W., Gozaliasl G., Gracia-Carpio J., Keihanen E., Kirkpatrick C.C., Lindholm V., Mainetti G., Maino D., Martinet N., Marulli F., Maturi M., Maurogordato S., Metcalf R.B., Nakajima R., Neissner C., Nightingale J.W., Nucita A.A., Patrizii L., Potter D., Renzi A., Riccio G., Romelli E., Sanchez A.G., Sapone D., Schirmer M., Schultheis M., Scottez V., Stanco L., Tenti M., Teyssier R., Torradeflot F., Valiviita J., Viel M., Whittaker L., and Zucca E.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), [PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Calibration (statistics), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Color space, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, Large-scale structure, 010309 optics, [PHYS.ASTR.CO]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], galaxy, spectroscopy, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, Spitzer Space Telescope, 0103 physical sciences, DISTRIBUTIONS, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Hardware_MEMORYSTRUCTURES, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Euclid, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Redshift, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Galaxy spectroscopy, Dark energy, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Stanford, S. A., et al., The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) survey is obtaining spectroscopic redshifts in order to map the relation between galaxy color and redshift to a depth of i ∼ 24.5 (AB). The primary goal is to enable sufficiently accurate photometric redshifts for Stage iv dark energy projects, particularly Euclid and the Nancy Grace Roman Space Telescope (Roman), which are designed to constrain cosmological parameters through weak lensing. We present 676 new high-confidence spectroscopic redshifts obtained by the C3R2 survey in the 2017B–2019B semesters using the DEIMOS, LRIS, and MOSFIRE multiobject spectrographs on the Keck telescopes. Combined with the 4454 redshifts previously published by this project, the C3R2 survey has now obtained and published 5130 high-quality galaxy spectra and redshifts. If we restrict consideration to only the 0.2 < zp < 2.6 range of interest for the Euclid cosmological goals, then with the current data release, C3R2 has increased the spectroscopic redshift coverage of the Euclid color space from 51% (as reported by Masters et al.) to the current 91%. Once completed and combined with extensive data collected by other spectroscopic surveys, C3R2 should provide the spectroscopic calibration set needed to enable photometric redshifts to meet the cosmology requirements for Euclid, and make significant headway toward solving the problem for Roman.
Published: 2021

8. Euclid preparation: XI. Mean redshift determination from galaxy redshift probabilities for cosmic shear tomography

Author: C. Colodro-Conde, Marco Baldi, K. Pedersen, F. Sureau, Sebastiano Ligori, M. Fabricius, F. Torradeflot, Chiara Sirignano, L. Whittaker, Michele Moresco, J. Valiviita, Sandrine Pires, Christopher J. Conselice, Andrea Zacchei, Natalia Auricchio, A. Renzi, Peter Schneider, M. Tenti, E. Romelli, Elisabetta Maiorano, P. Tallada Crespa, A. Ealet, Eric Jullo, Yu Wang, Marco Castellano, Hendrik Hildebrandt, S. Paltani, K. Markovic, Fabio Pasian, Hélène M. Courtois, E. Franceschi, Enzo Branchini, A. Secroun, N. Martinet, Mark Cropper, Stein Vidar Hagfors Haugan, Adam Amara, Ghassem Gozaliasl, D. Masters, Martin Kunz, G. Seidel, Ismael Tereno, A. Cappi, Leonardo Corcione, Emanuel Rossetti, Ralf Bender, Pedro G. Ferreira, Giuseppe Riccio, Massimo Brescia, D. Di Ferdinando, G. Zamorani, Stefano Borgani, D. Bonino, X. Dupac, Lauro Moscardini, C. Baccigalupi, B. Morin, Rafael Toledo-Moreo, Federico Marulli, C. Padilla, A. Boucaud, Jason Rhodes, F. Dubath, Javier Graciá-Carpio, Remi A. Cabanac, S. Casas, Roberto P. Saglia, F. Grupp, S. Galeotta, Enrico Bozzo, V. Scottez, Luca Valenziano, B. Gillis, Alina Kiessling, L. Popa, R. Cledassou, V. Capobianco, L. Patrizii, Julien Zoubian, Iary Davidzon, Carlo Burigana, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, Jean Coupon, L. Conversi, H. J. McCracken, Lucia Pozzetti, T. Vassallo, Edwin A. Valentijn, G. Sirri, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, N. Welikala, S. Dusini, R. Nakajima, Matteo Maturi, H. Degaudenzi, P. Franzetti, A. Balestra, Stefano Cavuoti, Ole Marggraf, C. S. Carvalho, S. Bardelli, Ruyman Azzollini, W. Gillard, E. Keihänen, A. Da Silva, R. Benton Metcalf, G. Polenta, Gianluca Castignani, S. Maurogordato, M. Poncet, O. Ilbert, Stefano Andreon, Richard Massey, Knud Jahnke, E. Zucca, E. Medinaceli, Mauro Roncarelli, S. Farrens, C. A. J. Duncan, C. Neissner, Doug Potter, Andrea Tramacere, Jochen Weller, Sotiria Fotopoulou, F. J. Castander, J. Carretero, S. Serrano, Pablo Fosalba, Andrea Cimatti, E. Munari, R. Pello, Anne Costille, Tim Schrabback, Stefano Camera, Y. Copin, L. Stanco, W. A. Holmes, Domenico Sapone, I. Lloro, Harry I. Teplitz, B. Garilli, Clotilde Laigle, Ariel G. Sánchez, Luigi Guzzo, F. Raison, N. Mauri, P. B. Lilje, C. Bodendorf, A. Balaguera-Antolínez, Valeria Pettorino, Carmelita Carbone, Fabio Finelli, Andrea Biviano, Angus H. Wright, J. Nightingale, S. de la Torre, S. Niemi, Carlo Giocoli, G. Congedo, S. Kermiche, C. C. Kirkpatrick, Davide Maino, Felix Hormuth, Simona Mei, Astronomy, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of New South Wales [Sydney] (UNSW), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (KU), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Laboratoire Astrophysique de Toulouse-Tarbes (LATT), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Laboratoire de Cosmologie, Astrophysique Stellaire & Solaire, de Planétologie et de Mécanique des Fluides (CASSIOPEE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of California [Merced], University of California, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Herschel Science Center [Madrid], European Space Astronomy Centre (ESAC), European Space Agency (ESA)-European Space Agency (ESA), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Oxford [Oxford], Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), University of Bordeaux, CNRS, UMR 5805 EPOC, Pessac, France, Recherche en Pharmaco-épidémiologie et Recours aux Soins (REPERES), Université de Rennes 1 (UR1), Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-Université de Rennes (UNIV-RENNES)-École des Hautes Études en Santé Publique [EHESP] (EHESP), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Fondation FondaMental [Créteil], Université Paris-Sorbonne - Paris 4 - École des hautes études en sciences de l'information et de la communication (UP4 CELSA), Université Paris-Sorbonne (UP4), Laboratoire Européen Performance Santé Altitude (LEPSA), Université de Perpignan Via Domitia (UPVD), Wuhan University [China], Euclid Collaboration, Department of Physics, Research Program in Systems Oncology, Helsinki Institute of Physics, Ilbert, O., De La Torre, S., Martinet, N., Wright, A. H., Paltani, S., Laigle, C., Davidzon, I., Jullo, E., Hildebrandt, H., Masters, D. C., Amara, A., Conselice, C. J., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Azzollini, R., Baccigalupi, C., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Baldi, M., Balestra, A., Bardelli, S., Bender, R., Biviano, A., Bodendorf, C., Bonino, D., Borgani, S., Boucaud, A., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brescia, M., Burigana, C., Cabanac, R., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Cappi, A., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, S., Castander, F. J., Castellano, M., Castignani, G., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Cledassou, R., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Costille, A., Coupon, J., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Cuby, J., Da Silva, A., Degaudenzi, H., Di Ferdinando, D., Dubath, F., Duncan, C., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Ealet, A., Fabricius, M., Farrens, S., Ferreira, P. G., Finelli, F., Fosalba, P., Fotopoulou, S., Franceschi, E., Franzetti, P., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Haugan, S. V. H., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Jahnke, K., Keihanen, E., Kermiche, S., Kiessling, A., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maturi, M., Mauri, N., Maurogordato, S., Mccracken, H. J., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Benton Metcalf, R., Moresco, M., Morin, B., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nakajima, R., Neissner, C., Niemi, S., Nightingale, J., Padilla, C., Pasian, F., Patrizii, L., Pedersen, K., Pello, R., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L., Potter, D., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sanchez, A. G., Sapone, D., Schneider, P., Schrabback, T., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Seidel, G., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Sureau, F., Tallada Crespa, P., Tenti, M., Teplitz, H. I., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Tramacere, A., Valentijn, E. A., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Vassallo, T., Wang, Y., Welikala, N., Weller, J., Whittaker, L., Zacchei, A., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Copenhagen = Københavns Universitet (UCPH), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Zurich, Ilbert, O, Ilbert O., De La Torre S., Martinet N., Wright A.H., Paltani S., Laigle C., Davidzon I., Jullo E., Hildebrandt H., Masters D.C., Amara A., Conselice C.J., Andreon S., Auricchio N., Azzollini R., Baccigalupi C., Balaguera-Antolinez A., Baldi M., Balestra A., Bardelli S., Bender R., Biviano A., Bodendorf C., Bonino D., Borgani S., Boucaud A., Bozzo E., Branchini E., Brescia M., Burigana C., Cabanac R., Camera S., Capobianco V., Cappi A., Carbone C., Carretero J., Carvalho C.S., Casas S., Castander F.J., Castellano M., Castignani G., Cavuoti S., Cimatti A., Cledassou R., Colodro-Conde C., Congedo G., Conversi L., Copin Y., Corcione L., Costille A., Coupon J., Courtois H.M., Cropper M., Cuby J., Da Silva A., Degaudenzi H., Di Ferdinando D., Dubath F., Duncan C., Dupac X., Dusini S., Ealet A., Fabricius M., Farrens S., Ferreira P.G., Finelli F., Fosalba P., Fotopoulou S., Franceschi E., Franzetti P., Galeotta S., Garilli B., Gillard W., Gillis B., Giocoli C., Gozaliasl G., Gracia-Carpio J., Grupp F., Guzzo L., Haugan S.V.H., Holmes W., Hormuth F., Jahnke K., Keihanen E., Kermiche S., Kiessling A., Kirkpatrick C.C., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Ligori S., Lilje P.B., Lloro I., Maino D., Maiorano E., Marggraf O., Markovic K., Marulli F., Massey R., Maturi M., Mauri N., Maurogordato S., McCracken H.J., Medinaceli E., Mei S., Benton Metcalf R., Moresco M., Morin B., Moscardini L., Munari E., Nakajima R., Neissner C., Niemi S., Nightingale J., Padilla C., Pasian F., Patrizii L., Pedersen K., Pello R., Pettorino V., Pires S., Polenta G., Poncet M., Popa L., Potter D., Pozzetti L., Raison F., Renzi A., Rhodes J., Riccio G., Romelli E., Roncarelli M., Rossetti E., Saglia R., Sanchez A.G., Sapone D., Schneider P., Schrabback T., Scottez V., Secroun A., Seidel G., Serrano S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Stanco L., Sureau F., Tallada Crespa P., Tenti M., Teplitz H.I., Tereno I., Toledo-Moreo R., Torradeflot F., Tramacere A., Valentijn E.A., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Vassallo T., Wang Y., Welikala N., Weller J., Whittaker L., Zacchei A., Zamorani G., Zoubian J., Zucca E., German Research Foundation, European Commission, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), and Duncan, C
Subjects: statistical [Methods], IMPACT, UNIVERSE, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Dark energy, Galaxies: distances and redshift, dark energy, PHOTOMETRIC REDSHIFTS, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Photometric redshift, media_common, Physics, distances and redshift [Galaxies], Galaxies: distances and redshifts, Methods: statistical, SIMULATION, astro-ph.CO, 3103 Astronomy and Astrophysics, Probability distribution, Spectral energy distribution, galaxies: distances and redshifts, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 530 Physics, astro-ph.GA, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 1912 Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, distances and redshifts [Galaxies], DISTRIBUTIONS, methods: statistical, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, PERFORMANCE, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, EVOLUTION, Galaxy, Universe, Redshift, STELLAR, RESOLUTION, Space and Planetary Science, 10231 Institute for Computational Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Ilbert, O., et al. (Euclid Collaboration), The analysis of weak gravitational lensing in wide-field imaging surveys is considered to be a major cosmological probe of dark energy. Our capacity to constrain the dark energy equation of state relies on an accurate knowledge of the galaxy mean redshift ⟨ z⟩. We investigate the possibility of measuring ⟨ z»with an accuracy better than 0.002(1 + z) in ten tomographic bins spanning the redshift interval 0.2 99.8%. The zPDF approach can also be successful if the zPDF is de-biased using a spectroscopic training sample. This approach requires deep imaging data but is weakly sensitive to spectroscopic redshift failures in the training sample. We improve the de-biasing method and confirm our finding by applying it to real-world weak-lensing datasets (COSMOS and KiDS+VIKING-450)., H. Hildebrandt is supported by a Heisenberg grant of the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (Hi 1495/5-1) as well as an ERC Consolidator Grant (No. 770935). A.H. Wright is supported by the ERC Consolidator Grant (No. 770935). This work relied on the HPC resources of CINES (Jade) under the allocation 2013047012 and c2014047012 made by GENCI and on the Horizon Cluster hosted by Institut d’Astrophysique de Paris. ID acknowledges that he received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 896225. We warmly thank S. Rouberol for running the cluster on which the simulation was post-processed. This research is also partly supported by the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES). We would also like to recognise the contributions from all of the members of the COSMOS team who helped in obtaining and reducing the large amount of multi-wavelength and spectroscopic data. Based on observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programme IDs 177.A-3016, 177.A-3017, 177.A-3018, 179.A-2004, and on data products produced by the KiDS consortium. The KiDS production team acknowledges support from: Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, ERC, NOVA and NWO-M grants; Target; the University of Padova, and the University Federico II (Naples). SA thank the support PRIN MIUR2015 “Cosmology and Fundamental Physics: Illuminating the Dark Universe with Euclid”.
Published: 2021

9. GAMA/XXL: X-ray point sources in low-luminosity galaxies in the GAMA G02/XXL-N field

Author: Angela Bongiorno, R. De Propris, Florian Pacaud, M. N. Bremer, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Simon P. Driver, Marguerite Pierre, Ivan K. Baldry, E. Nwaokoro, Andrew M. Hopkins, Michael J. I. Brown, Manolis Plionis, Sean L. McGee, Steven Phillipps, Ben J Maughan, Andrew J. Young, Andrii Elyiv, L. Chiappetti, Paul Giles, Bianca M. Poggianti, Cristian Vignali, Nwaokoro E., Phillipps S., Young A.J., Baldry I., Bongiorno A., Bremer M.N., Brown M.J.I., Chiappetti L., De Propris R., Driver S.P., Elyiv A., Fotopoulou S., Giles P.A., Hopkins A.M., Maughan B., McGee S., Pacaud F., Pierre M., Plionis M., Poggianti B.M., and Vignali C.
Subjects: Physics, Field (physics), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, X-ray, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, galaxies [X-rays], Luminosity, X-rays: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, galaxies: star formation, active [galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, Point (geometry), star formation [galaxies], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: Relatively few X-ray sources are known that have low-mass galaxies as hosts. This is an important restriction on studies of active galactic nuclei (AGNs), hence black holes, and of X-ray binaries (XRBs) in low-mass galaxies; addressing it requires very large samples of both galaxies and X-ray sources. Here, we have matched the X-ray point sources found in the XXL-N field of the XXL survey (with an X-ray flux limit of ∼6 × 10−15 erg s−1 cm−2 in the [0.5–2] keV band) to galaxies with redshifts from the Galaxy And Mass Assembly (GAMA) G02 survey field (down to a magnitude limit r = 19.8) in order to search for AGNs and XRBs in GAMA galaxies, particularly those of low optical luminosity or stellar mass (fainter than Mr = −19 or $M_* \lesssim 10^{9.5}\, \mathrm{M}_{\odot }$). Out of a total of 1200 low-mass galaxies in the overlap region, we find a total of 28 potential X-ray source hosts, though this includes possible background contaminants. From a combination of photometry (optical and infrared colours), positional information, and optical spectra, we deduce that most of the ≃20 X-ray sources genuinely in low-mass galaxies are high-mass X-ray binaries in star-forming galaxies. None of the matched sources in a low-mass galaxy has a BPT classification as an AGN, and even ignoring this requirement, none passes both criteria of close match between the X-ray source position and optical galaxy centre (separation ≤3 arcsec) and high [O iii] line luminosity (above 1040.3 erg s−1).
Published: 2021

10. AstronomicAL: An interactive dashboard for visualisation, integration and classification of data using Active Learning

Author: Grant Stevens, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Malcolm N. Bremer, and Oliver Ray
Subjects: FOS: Computer and information sciences, Computer Science - Machine Learning, Point of interest, Computer science, Active learning (machine learning), Dashboard (business), Computer Science - Human-Computer Interaction, Active Learning, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Field (computer science), Human-Computer Interaction (cs.HC), Machine Learning (cs.LG), Machine Learning, Software, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Class (computer programming), Information retrieval, business.industry, Classification, Interactive Artificial Intelligence CDT, Visualization, Interactive AI, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, business, Open Source Software, Data visualisation
Abstract: AstronomicAL is a human-in-the-loop interactive labelling and training dashboard that allows users to create reliable datasets and robust classifiers using active learning. This technique prioritises data that offer high information gain, leading to improved performance using substantially less data. The system allows users to visualise and integrate data from different sources and deal with incorrect or missing labels and imbalanced class sizes. AstronomicAL enables experts to visualise domain-specific plots and key information relating both to broader context and details of a point of interest drawn from a variety of data sources, ensuring reliable labels. In addition, AstronomicAL provides functionality to explore all aspects of the training process, including custom models and query strategies. This makes the software a tool for experimenting with both domain-specific classifications and more general-purpose machine learning strategies. We illustrate using the system with an astronomical dataset due to the field's immediate need; however, AstronomicAL has been designed for datasets from any discipline. Finally, by exporting a simple configuration file, entire layouts, models, and assigned labels can be shared with the community. This allows for complete transparency and ensures that the process of reproducing results is effortless, Comment: 7 pages, 4 figures, Journal of Open Source Software
Published: 2021
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11. Understanding X-ray and optical selection of galaxy clusters: A comparison of the XXL and CAMIRA cluster catalogues obtained in the common XXL-HSC SSP area

Author: Keiichi Umetsu, Atsushi J. Nishizawa, L. Chiappetti, Akinari Hamabata, Emanuela Pompei, Bruno Altieri, Elias Koulouridis, P. S. Corasaniti, Paul Giles, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Taizo Okabe, Sinan Aliş, Florian Pacaud, S. Paltani, M. Lieu, C. Garrel, Patrick Valageas, Marguerite Pierre, J. P. Willis, Ben J Maughan, T. Sadibekova, J. Lefevre, Miriam E. Ramos-Ceja, F. Gastaldello, Masamune Oguri, Mauro Sereno, Manolis Plionis, C. Adami, Stefano Ettori, Dominique Eckert, L. Faccioli, Bianca M. Poggianti, Nobuhiro Okabe, Yen-Ting Lin, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Univers et Théories (LUTH (UMR_8102)), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Physique Théorique - UMR CNRS 3681 (IPHT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: [PHYS]Physics [physics], Physics, Brightness, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmological model, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Universe, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, galaxies: clusters: general, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Cluster sampling, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Selection (genetic algorithm), media_common, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Large samples of galaxy clusters provide knowledge of both astrophysics in the most massive virialised environments and the properties of the cosmological model that defines our Universe. However, an important issue that affects the interpretation of galaxy cluster samples is the role played by the selection waveband and the potential for this to introduce a bias in the physical properties of clusters thus selected. We aim to investigate waveband-dependent selection effects in the identification of galaxy clusters by comparing the X-ray Multi-Mirror (XMM) Ultimate Extra-galactic Survey (XXL) and Subaru Hyper Suprime-Cam (HSC) CAMIRA cluster samples identified from a common 22.6 deg2 sky area. We compare 150 XXL and 270 CAMIRA clusters in a common parameter space defined by X-ray aperture brightness and optical richness. We find that 71/150 XXL clusters are matched to the location of a CAMIRA cluster, the majority of which (67/71) display richness values N>15 that exceed the CAMIRA catalogue richness threshold. We find that 67/270 CAMIRA clusters are matched to the location of an XXL cluster (defined within XXL as an extended X-ray source). Of the unmatched CAMIRA clusters, the majority display low X-ray fluxes consistent with the lack of an XXL counterpart. However, a significant fraction (64/107) CAMIRA clusters that display high X-ray fluxes are not asociated with an extended source in the XXL catalogue. We demonstrate that this disparity arises from a variety of effects including the morphological criteria employed to identify X-ray clusters and the properties of the XMM PSF., 15 pages, 14 figures, MNRAS accepted
Published: 2021

12. Euclid preparation: VII. Forecast validation for Euclid cosmological probes

Author: Ivan Lloro, Peter Schneider, S. Ilić, Elisabetta Maiorano, Andrea Zacchei, E. Franceschi, A. Balaguera-Antolinez, M. Frailis, Fabio Pasian, S. Kermiche, S. Paltani, B. Gillis, S. Casas, Ralf Bender, Jason Rhodes, Javier Graciá-Carpio, Luca Valenziano, R. Kohley, Franck Ducret, Mauro Roncarelli, S. Farrens, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Remi A. Cabanac, V. F. Cardone, Jean Coupon, Paula Gomez-Alvarez, Herve Aussel, S. Galeotta, Alain Blanchard, Lucia Pozzetti, Jean-Luc Starck, F. Torradeflot, P. B. Lilje, Ole Marggraf, S. Bardelli, Massimo Brescia, L. Stanco, J. Carretero, Rafael Toledo-Moreo, G. A. Verdoes Kleijn, S. Yahia-Cherif, Richard Massey, Knud Jahnke, G. Polenta, Michele Moresco, Enrico Bozzo, M. Poncet, Stefano Cavuoti, S. Brau-Nogue, G. Sirri, Stefano Andreon, Elisabetta Majerotto, D. Tavagnacco, Isaac Tutusaus, Valeria Pettorino, Carmelita Carbone, D. Di Ferdinando, Davide Maino, Felix Hormuth, Sebastien Clesse, F. Dubath, Simona Mei, A. Boucaud, F. J. Castander, C. A. J. Duncan, R. Cledassou, Z. Sakr, E. Romelli, Robert C. Nichol, E. Munari, Henk Hoekstra, V. Capobianco, Hélène M. Courtois, Stefano Camera, B. Kubik, E. Medinaceli, J. J. Metge, M. H. Fabricius, P. Tallada-Crespí, Matteo Viel, S. Dusini, Andrea Cimatti, Emanuel Rossetti, Yannick Mellier, D. Bonino, C. Padilla, Benjamin J. Metcalf, K. Markovic, Andrea Biviano, Andy Taylor, F. Lacasa, E. Zucca, P. Franzetti, S. de la Torre, A. Da Silva, Julien Zoubian, W. Gillard, Carlo Burigana, Marco Baldi, Martin Kilbinger, L. Conversi, Will J. Percival, T. Vassallo, Yu Wang, Marco Castellano, C. C. Kirkpatrick, V. Yankelevich, Giuseppe D. Racca, Y. Copin, S. Niemi, Domenico Sapone, Pablo Fosalba, G. Congedo, N. Fourmanoit, F. Raison, Enzo Branchini, A. Secroun, N. Martinet, M. Martinelli, Mark Cropper, Ismael Tereno, M. Tenti, A. Cappi, Sandrine Pires, C. J. Conselice, Eric V. Linder, Giulio Fabbian, H. Israel, G. Meylan, Alkistis Pourtsidou, Leonardo Corcione, X. Dupac, Lauro Moscardini, Carlo Giocoli, E. Keihänen, Roberto P. Saglia, F. Grupp, Luigi Guzzo, Ricard Casas, Ariel G. Sánchez, A. Renzi, V. Scottez, Martin Kunz, Federico Marulli, M. Fumana, C. Colodro-Conde, F. Sureau, Sebastiano Ligori, Achille A. Nucita, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, Thomas D. Kitching, Jarle Brinchmann, C. S. Carvalho, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Eurecat, Ctr Tecnol Catalunya, Placa Ciencia 2, Manresa 08242, Spain, Corporate technology Siemens, Siemens AG [Munich], Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre Jean Perrin [Clermont-Ferrand] (UNICANCER/CJP), UNICANCER, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Max Planck Institute for Extraterrestrial Physics (MPE), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), AstroParticule et Cosmologie (APC (UMR_7164)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Capodimonte (OAC), Institut de Ciencies de l'Espai [Barcelona] (ICE-CSIC), Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas [Madrid] (CSIC), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Physique Nucléaire de Lyon (IPNL), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Durham University, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Dipartimento di Fisica (Milano), Università degli Studi di Milano = University of Milan (UNIMI), Department of Surgical Oncology, University of Groningen [Groningen], Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique et Atmosphères = Laboratory for Studies of Radiation and Matter in Astrophysics and Atmospheres (LERMA), École normale supérieure - Paris (ENS-PSL), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Milieux aquatiques, écologie et pollutions (UR MALY), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre International de Recherches Médicales de Franceville (CIRMF), Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), Department of Biogeochemical Integration [Jena], Max Planck Institute for Biogeochemistry (MPI-BGC), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft-Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Euclid Collaboration, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Laboratoire d'Etude du Rayonnement et de la Matière en Astrophysique (LERMA (UMR_8112)), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université de Cergy Pontoise (UCP), Université Paris-Seine-Université Paris-Seine-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Euclid, Blanchard A., Camera S., Carbone C., Cardone V.F., Casas S., Clesse S., Ilic S., Kilbinger M., Kitching T., Kunz M., Lacasa F., Linder E., Majerotto E., Markovic K., Martinelli M., Pettorino V., Pourtsidou A., Sakr Z., Sanchez A.G., Sapone D., Tutusaus I., Yahia-Cherif S., Yankelevich V., Andreon S., Aussel H., Balaguera-Antolinez A., Baldi M., Bardelli S., Bender R., Biviano A., Bonino D., Boucaud A., Bozzo E., Branchini E., Brau-Nogue S., Brescia M., Brinchmann J., Burigana C., Cabanac R., Capobianco V., Cappi A., Carretero J., Carvalho C.S., Casas R., Castander F.J., Castellano M., Cavuoti S., Cimatti A., Cledassou R., Colodro-Conde C., Congedo G., Conselice C.J., Conversi L., Copin Y., Corcione L., Coupon J., Courtois H.M., Cropper M., Da Silva A., De La Torre S., Di Ferdinando D., Dubath F., Ducret F., Duncan C.A.J., Dupac X., Dusini S., Fabbian G., Fabricius M., Farrens S., Fosalba P., Fotopoulou S., Fourmanoit N., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Franzetti P., Fumana M., Galeotta S., Gillard W., Gillis B., Giocoli C., Gomez-Alvarez P., Gracia-Carpio J., Grupp F., Guzzo L., Hoekstra H., Hormuth F., Israel H., Jahnke K., Keihanen E., Kermiche S., Kirkpatrick C.C., Kohley R., Kubik B., Kurki-Suonio H., Ligori S., Lilje P.B., Lloro I., Maino D., Maiorano E., Marggraf O., Martinet N., Marulli F., Massey R., Medinaceli E., Mei S., Mellier Y., Metcalf B., Metge J.J., Meylan G., Moresco M., Moscardini L., Munari E., Nichol R.C., Niemi S., Nucita A.A., Padilla C., Paltani S., Pasian F., Percival W.J., Pires S., Polenta G., Poncet M., Pozzetti L., Racca G.D., Raison F., Renzi A., Rhodes J., Romelli E., Roncarelli M., Rossetti E., Saglia R., Schneider P., Scottez V., Secroun A., Sirri G., Stanco L., Starck J.-L., Sureau F., Tallada-Crespi P., Tavagnacco D., Taylor A.N., Tenti M., Tereno I., Toledo-Moreo R., Torradeflot F., Valenziano L., Vassallo T., Verdoes Kleijn G.A., Viel M., Wang Y., Zacchei A., Zoubian J., Zucca E., Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Météo France-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015 - 2019) (COMUE UCA), Academy of Finland, European Commission, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Belgian Science Policy Office, Canadian Euclid Consortium, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), Danish Space Research Institute, German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Netherlands Research School for Astronomy, Norwegian Space Agency, Romanian Space Agency, State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Switzerland), Swiss Space Office, UK Space Agency, Ministero dell'Istruzione, dell'Università e della Ricerca, California Institute of Technology, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), International Max Planck Research Schools, Swiss National Science Foundation, Blanchard, A., Camera, S., Carbone, C., Cardone, V. F., Casas, S., Clesse, S., Ilić, S., Kilbinger, M., Kitching, T., Kunz, M., Lacasa, F., Linder, E., Majerotto, E., Markovič, K., Martinelli, M., Pettorino, V., Pourtsidou, A., Sakr, Z., Sánchez, A. G., Sapone, D., Tutusaus, I., Yahia-Cherif, S., Yankelevich, V., Andreon, S., Aussel, H., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Baldi, M., Bardelli, S., Bender, R., Biviano, A., Bonino, D., Boucaud, A., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brau-Nogue, S., Brescia, M., Brinchmann, J., Burigana, C., Cabanac, R., Capobianco, V., Cappi, A., Carretero, J., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, R., Castander, F. J., Castellano, M., Cavuoti, S., Cimatti, A., Cledassou, R., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Coupon, J., Courtois, H. M., Cropper, M., Da, Silva, de la, Torre, Di, Ferdinando, D., Dubath, F., Ducret, F., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabbian, G., Fabriciu, M., Farren, S., Fosalba, P., Fotopoulou, S., Fourmanoit, N., Fraili, M., Franceschi, E., Franzetti, P., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Gillard, W., Gilli, B., Giocoli, C., Gómez-Alvarez, P., Graciá-Carpio, J., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Hoekstra, H., Hormuth, F., Israel, H., Jahnke, K., Keihanen, E., Kermiche, S., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Marggraf, O., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Metcalf, B., Metge, J. J., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S., Nucita, A. A., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Percival, W. J., Pire, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhode, J., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Schneider, P., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Starck, J., -L., Sureau, F., Tallada-Crespí, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Tenti, M., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Valenziano, L., Vassallo, T., Verdoes, Kleijn, G. A., Viel, M., Wang, Y., Zacchei, A., Zoubian, J., Zucca, Ilic, S., Markovic, K., Sanchez, A. G., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Da Silva, A., De La Torre, S., Di Ferdinando, D., Dubath, F., Ducret, F., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Dusini, S., Fabbian, G., Fabricius, M., Farrens, S., Fosalba, P., Fotopoulou, S., Fourmanoit, N., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Franzetti, P., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gomez-Alvarez, P., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Hoekstra, H., Hormuth, F., Israel, H., Jahnke, K., Keihanen, E., Kermiche, S., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Marggraf, O., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Mellier, Y., Metcalf, B., Metge, J. J., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Nichol, R. C., Niemi, S., Nucita, A. A., Padilla, C., Paltani, S., Pasian, F., Percival, W. J., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Pozzetti, L., Racca, G. D., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Romelli, E., Roncarelli, M., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Schneider, P., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Starck, J. -L., Tallada-Crespi, P., Verdoes Kleijn, G. A., Viel, M., Wang, Y., Zacchei, A., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Università degli Studi di Milano [Milano] (UNIMI), Institut Régional de Médecine Physique et de Réadaptation Louis Pierquin [Nancy] (IRR Louis Pierquin), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de Paris, Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-CY Cergy Paris Université (CY), Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, and Astronomy
Subjects: cosmology: observations / cosmological parameters / cosmology: theory, Cosmological parameter, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), DARK ENERGY CONSTRAINTS, IMPACT, ANGULAR POWER SPECTRA, Cosmological parameters, Cosmology: observations, Cosmology: theory, FOS: Physical sciences, observation [Cosmology], GALAXY REDSHIFT SURVEYS, Astrophysics, Cosmological constant, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, ACOUSTIC-OSCILLATIONS, 01 natural sciences, Measure (mathematics), Cosmology: observation, PRIMORDIAL NON-GAUSSIANITY, Set (abstract data type), INFORMATION-CONTENT, HALO-MODEL, theory [Cosmology], cosmology: theory, 0103 physical sciences, cosmological parameters, observations [Cosmology], Cluster analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysique, Weak gravitational lensing, Physics, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, INTRINSIC ALIGNMENTS, 115 Astronomy, Space science, MASSIVE NEUTRINOS, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, astro-ph.CO, Dark energy, Baryon acoustic oscillations, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Algorithm, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Aims. The Euclid space telescope will measure the shapes and redshifts of galaxies to reconstruct the expansion history of the Universe and the growth of cosmic structures. The estimation of the expected performance of the experiment, in terms of predicted constraints on cosmological parameters, has so far relied on various individual methodologies and numerical implementations, which were developed for different observational probes and for the combination thereof. In this paper we present validated forecasts, which combine both theoretical and observational ingredients for different cosmological probes. This work is presented to provide the community with reliable numerical codes and methods for Euclid cosmological forecasts. Methods. We describe in detail the methods adopted for Fisher matrix forecasts, which were applied to galaxy clustering, weak lensing, and the combination thereof. We estimated the required accuracy for Euclid forecasts and outline a methodology for their development. We then compare and improve different numerical implementations, reaching uncertainties on the errors of cosmological parameters that are less than the required precision in all cases. Furthermore, we provide details on the validated implementations, some of which are made publicly available, in different programming languages, together with a reference training-set of input and output matrices for a set of specific models. These can be used by the reader to validate their own implementations if required. Results. We present new cosmological forecasts for Euclid. We find that results depend on the specific cosmological model and remaining freedom in each setting, for example flat or non-flat spatial cosmologies, or different cuts at non-linear scales. The numerical implementations are now reliable for these settings. We present the results for an optimistic and a pessimistic choice for these types of settings. We demonstrate that the impact of cross-correlations is particularly relevant for models beyond a cosmological constant and may allow us to increase the dark energy figure of merit by at least a factor of three., 0, info:eu-repo/semantics/published
Published: 2020

13. The XXL Survey

Author: Konstantinos Kolokythas, M. N. Bremer, K. Tisanić, Mark Birkinshaw, Cathy Horellou, Bruno Šlaus, H. J. A. Röttgering, Paolo Ciliegi, L. Ceraj, Mladen Novak, M. Huynh, Sotiria Fotopoulou, L. Chiappetti, Marguerite Pierre, Somak Raychaudhury, Hubertus Intema, Vernesa Smolčić, N. Jurlin, University of Zagreb, Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, Durham University, University of Geneva [Switzerland], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Netherlands Institute for Radio Astronomy (ASTRON), Kapteyn Astronomical Institute [Groningen], University of Groningen [Groningen], University of Bristol [Bristol], INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Government of Western Australia-Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], North-West University [South Aftrica] (NWU), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Inter-University Centre for Astronomy and Astrophysics [Pune] (IUCAA), The Saclay group acknowledges long-term support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)., XXL is an international project based around an XMM Very Large Programme., European Project: 337595,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,COSMASS(2014), Astronomy, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Universiteit Leiden, and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité)
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, Likelihood ratio method, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, nuclei [galaxies], galaxies: nuclei, radio continuum: galaxies, accretion, accretion disks, galaxies: evolution, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, Source counts, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Density evolution, evolution [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Accretion (astrophysics), galaxies [radio continuum], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We study the space density evolution of active galactic nuclei (AGN) using the 610 MHz radio survey of the XXL-North field, performed with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope. The survey covers an area of 30.4 deg2, with a beamsize of 6.5 arcsec. The survey is divided into two parts, one covering an area of 11.9 deg2 with 1σ rms noise of 200 μJy beam−1 and the other spanning 18.5 deg2 with rms noise of 45 μJy beam−1. We extracted the catalog of radio components above 7σ. The catalog was cross-matched with a multi-wavelength catalog of the XXL-North field (covering about 80% of the radio XXL-North field) using a likelihood ratio method, which determines the counterparts based on their positions and their optical properties. The multi-component sources were matched visually with the aid of a computer code: Multi-Catalog Visual Cross-Matching. A flux density cut above 1 mJy selects AGN hosts with a high purity in terms of star formation contamination based on the available source counts. After cross-matching and elimination of observational biases arising from survey incompletenesses, the number of remaining sources was 1150. We constructed the rest-frame 1.4 GHz radio luminosity functions of these sources using the maximum volume method. This survey allows us to probe luminosities of 23 ≲ log(L1.4 GHz[W Hz−1]) ≲ 28 up to redshifts of z ≈ 2.1. Our results are consistent with the results from the literature in which AGN are comprised of two differently evolving populations, where the high luminosity end of the luminosity functions evolves more strongly than the low-luminosity end.
Published: 2020

14. Unsupervised star, galaxy, QSO classification : application of HDBSCAN

Author: Crispin Logan and Sotiria Fotopoulou
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Feature selection, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Supervised learning, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Pattern recognition, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Random forest, Binary classification, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Unsupervised learning, Noise (video), Artificial intelligence, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Curse of dimensionality, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Classification will be an important first step for upcoming surveys that will detect billions of new sources such as LSST and Euclid, as well as DESI, 4MOST and MOONS. The application of traditional methods of model fitting and colour-colour selections will face significant computational constraints, while machine-learning (ML) methods offer a viable approach to tackle datasets of that volume. While supervised learning methods can perform very well for classification tasks, the creation of representative and accurate training sets is a resource and time consuming task. We present a viable alternative using an unsupervised ML method to separate stars, galaxies and QSOs using photometric data. The heart of our work uses HDBSCAN to find the star, galaxy and QSO clusters in a multidimensional colour space. We optimized the hyperparameters and input attributes of three separate HDBSCAN runs, each to select a particular object class, and thus treat the output of each separate run as a binary classifier. We subsequently consolidate the output to give our final classifications, optimized on their F1 scores. We explore the use of Random Forest and PCA as part of the pre-processing stage for feature selection and dimensionality reduction. Using our dataset of 50,000 spectroscopically labelled objects we obtain an F1 score of 98.9, 98.9 and 93.13 respectively for star, galaxy and QSO selection using our unsupervised learning method. We find that careful attribute selection is a vital part of accurate classification with HDBSCAN. We applied our classification to a subset of the SDSS spectroscopic catalogue and demonstrate the potential of our approach in correcting misclassified spectra useful for DESI and 4MOST. Finally, we create a multiwavelength catalogue of 2.7 million sources using the KiDS, VIKING and ALLWISE surveys and publish corresponding classifications and photometric redshifts., Comment: Accepted to A&A 12 November 2019
Published: 2020

15. The XXL Survey

Author: G. Mountrichas, I. Georgantopoulos, Sotiria Fotopoulou, V. A. Masoura, Stéphane Paltani, Elias Koulouridis, L. Chiappetti, Marguerite Pierre, C. Vignali, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades (España), Agencia Estatal de Investigación (España), Masoura V.A., Georgantopoulos I., Mountrichas G., Vignali C., Koulouridis E., Chiappetti L., Fotopoulou S., Paltani S., Pierre M., National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Universidad de Cantabria [Santander], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), Durham University, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), The Saclay group acknowledges long-term support from the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales (CNES)., Support of this work by the PROTEAS II project (MIS 5002515), which is implemented under the 'Reinforcement of the Research and Innovation nfrastructure' action, funded by the 'Competitiveness, Entrepreneurship and Innovation' operational programme (NSRF 2014−2020) and co-financed by Greece and the European Union (European Regional Development Fund)., 3XMM XMM-Newton, XXL is an international project based around an XXM Very Large Programme, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Universita degli Studi di Bologna, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), and University of Geneva [Switzerland]
Subjects: Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, X-rays: galaxies, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Physics::Accelerator Physics, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics
Abstract: arXiv:2003.04346v2, The combination of optical and mid-infrared (MIR) photometry has been extensively used to select red active galactic nuclei (AGNs). Our aim is to explore the obscuration properties of these red AGNs with both X-ray spectroscopy and spectral energy distributions (SEDs). In this study, we re-visit the relation between optical/MIR extinction and X-ray absorption. We use IR selection criteria, specifically the W1 and W2 WISE bands, to identify 4798 AGNs in the XMM-XXL area (∼25 deg2). Application of optical/MIR colours (r−W2 > 6) reveals 561 red AGNs (14%). Of these, 47 have available X-ray spectra with at least 50 net (background-subtracted) counts per detector. For these sources, we construct SEDs from the optical to the MIR using the CIGALE code. The SED fitting shows that 44 of these latter 47 sources present clear signs of obscuration based on the AGN emission and the estimated inclination angle. Fitting the SED also reveals ten systems (∼20%) which are dominated by the galaxy. In these cases, the red colours are attributed to the host galaxy rather than AGN absorption. Excluding these ten systems from our sample and applying X-ray spectral fitting analysis shows that up to 76% (28/37) of the IR red AGNs present signs of X-ray absorption. Thus, there are nine sources (∼20% of the sample) that although optically red, are not substantially X-ray absorbed. Approximately 50% of these sources present broad emission lines in their optical spectra. We suggest that the reason for this apparent discrepancy is that the r−W2 criterion is sensitive to smaller amounts of obscuration relative to the X-ray spectroscopy. In conclusion, it appears that the majority of red AGNs present considerable obscuration levels as shown by their SEDs. Their X-ray absorption is moderate with a mean of NH ∼ 1022 cm−2., GM acknowledges support by the Agencia Estatal de Investigación, Unidad de Excelencia María de Maeztu, ref. MDM-2017-0765.
Published: 2020

16. Euclid preparation

Author: Stein Vidar Hagfors Haugan, S. Paltani, S. de la Torre, W. A. Holmes, Javier Graciá-Carpio, Ghassem Gozaliasl, Remi A. Cabanac, S. Niemi, Ibrahim Almosallam, S. Galeotta, X. Dupac, Natalia Auricchio, Lauro Moscardini, Carlo Giocoli, Giuseppe Longo, Valeria Pettorino, Carmelita Carbone, E. Zucca, Luigi Guzzo, C. Bodendorf, Enzo Branchini, A. Secroun, N. Martinet, H. Degaudenzi, M. Kilbinger, F. Raison, M. Kuemmel, Roberto P. Saglia, Stefano Cavuoti, Audrey Galametz, B. Gillis, Fabio Finelli, N. Mauri, Massimo Meneghetti, S. Kermiche, M. H. Fabricius, Ismael Tereno, D. Stern, Frank Grupp, P. B. Lilje, Pablo Fosalba, V. Scottez, Andy Taylor, A. Cappi, W. G. Hartley, Giulio Fabbian, E. Keihänen, V. Capobianco, C. C. Kirkpatrick, L. Patrizii, Martin Kunz, Doug Potter, Andrea Tramacere, P. Tallada Crespí, M. Poncet, A. Alvarez-Ayllon, Sandrine Pires, Andrea Biviano, S. Serrano, C. Colodro-Conde, Chiara Sirignano, Joshua S. Speagle, K. Markovic, Yu Wang, Marco Castellano, Andrea Zacchei, Gianluca Castignani, G. Congedo, Emiliano Merlin, G. Desprez, G. Zamorani, F. Sureau, Sebastiano Ligori, Domenico Sapone, I. Lloro, A. Renzi, S. Bardelli, O. Ilbert, Stefano Andreon, A. Da Silva, M. Tenti, Michele Moresco, V. Amaro, Davide Maino, R. Saha, Felix Hormuth, A. Ealet, P. W. Hatfield, Ole Marggraf, G. Polenta, A. Balaguera-Antolinez, S. Farrens, M. Frailis, Carlo Baccigalupi, R. Benton Metcalf, Simona Mei, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Andrew Humphrey, Mark Brodwin, Federico Marulli, M. Fumana, E. Medinaceli, Rafael Toledo-Moreo, Ralf Bender, Pedro G. Ferreira, Emanuel Rossetti, Jarle Brinchmann, G. Meylan, Hannu Kurki-Suonio, C. Padilla, Leonardo Corcione, M. Hailey, Jason Rhodes, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, N. Welikala, L. Conversi, J. De Vicente-Albendea, Thomas D. Kitching, Peter Schneider, Andrea Cimatti, Luca Valenziano, Hélène M. Courtois, Matt J. Jarvis, D. Tavagnacco, Julien Zoubian, T. Vassallo, N. Fourmanoit, S. Pilo, Joseph J. Mohr, Enrico Bozzo, F. Dubath, F. J. Castander, D. Bonino, Marian Douspis, Carlo Burigana, L. Stanco, Elisabetta Maiorano, E. Munari, C. S. Carvalho, G. Sirri, L. Whittaker, Stefano Camera, Matteo Viel, L. Popa, R. Cledassou, Matteo Maturi, Ricard Casas, Fabio Pasian, Jussi-Pekka Väliviita, Jean Coupon, Marco Baldi, F. Torradeflot, Y. Copin, Massimo Brescia, D. Di Ferdinando, C. A. J. Duncan, Mara Salvato, C. J. Conselice, B. Garilli, Clotilde Laigle, B. Kubik, S. Maurogordato, Richard Massey, Knud Jahnke, M. M. Rau, Giuseppe Riccio, S. Casas, R. Kohley, Lucia Pozzetti, W. Gillard, J. Carretero, E. Franceschi, Swiss National Science Foundation, German Research Foundation, Agenzia Nazionale di Valutazione del Sistema Universitario e della Ricerca, European Commission, Academy of Finland, Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, Belgian Science Policy Office, Canadian Euclid Consortium, Centre National D'Etudes Spatiales (France), German Centre for Air and Space Travel, Danish Space Research Institute, Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (Portugal), Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), National Aeronautics and Space Administration (US), Netherlands Research School for Astronomy, Norwegian Space Agency, Romanian Space Agency, State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (Switzerland), UK Space Agency, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Cité (UPCité), Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut de Physique des 2 Infinis de Lyon (IP2I Lyon), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'astrophysique spatiale (IAS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Centre National d’Études Spatiales [Paris] (CNES), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Etudes et Recherche en Mathématiques Appliquées (LERMA), Ecole Mohammadia d'Ingénieurs (EMI), EUCLID Collaboration, Department of Physics, Helsinki Institute of Physics, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université de Paris (UP), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Desprez, G., Paltani, S., Coupon, J., Almosallam, I., Alvarez-Ayllon, A., Amaro, V., Brescia, M., Brodwin, M., Cavuoti, S., De Vicente-Albendea, J., Fotopoulou, S., Hatfield, P. W., Hartley, W. G., Ilbert, O., Jarvis, M. J., Longo, G., Rau, M. M., Saha, R., Speagle, J. S., Tramacere, A., Castellano, M., Dubath, F., Galametz, A., Kuemmel, M., Laigle, C., Merlin, E., Mohr, J. J., Pilo, S., Salvato, M., Andreon, S., Auricchio, N., Baccigalupi, C., Balaguera-Antolinez, A., Baldi, M., Bardelli, S., Bender, R., Biviano, A., Bodendorf, C., Bonino, D., Bozzo, E., Branchini, E., Brinchmann, J., Burigana, C., Cabanac, R., Camera, S., Capobianco, V., Cappi, A., Carbone, C., Carretero, J., Carvalho, C. S., Casas, R., Casas, S., Castander, F. J., Castignani, G., Cimatti, A., Cledassou, R., Colodro-Conde, C., Congedo, G., Conselice, C. J., Conversi, L., Copin, Y., Corcione, L., Courtois, H. M., Cuby, J. -G., Da Silva, A., De La Torre, S., Degaudenzi, H., DI Ferdinando, D., Douspis, M., Duncan, C. A. J., Dupac, X., Ealet, A., Fabbian, G., Fabricius, M., Farrens, S., Ferreira, P. G., Finelli, F., Fosalba, P., Fourmanoit, N., Frailis, M., Franceschi, E., Fumana, M., Galeotta, S., Garilli, B., Gillard, W., Gillis, B., Giocoli, C., Gozaliasl, G., Gracia-Carpio, J., Grupp, F., Guzzo, L., Hailey, M., Haugan, S. V. H., Holmes, W., Hormuth, F., Humphrey, A., Jahnke, K., Keihanen, E., Kermiche, S., Kilbinger, M., Kirkpatrick, C. C., Kitching, T. D., Kohley, R., Kubik, B., Kunz, M., Kurki-Suonio, H., Ligori, S., Lilje, P. B., Lloro, I., Maino, D., Maiorano, E., Marggraf, O., Markovic, K., Martinet, N., Marulli, F., Massey, R., Maturi, M., Mauri, N., Maurogordato, S., Medinaceli, E., Mei, S., Meneghetti, M., Benton Metcalf, R., Meylan, G., Moresco, M., Moscardini, L., Munari, E., Niemi, S., Padilla, C., Pasian, F., Patrizii, L., Pettorino, V., Pires, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Popa, L., Potter, D., Pozzetti, L., Raison, F., Renzi, A., Rhodes, J., Riccio, G., Rossetti, E., Saglia, R., Sapone, D., Schneider, P., Scottez, V., Secroun, A., Serrano, S., Sirignano, C., Sirri, G., Stanco, L., Stern, D., Sureau, F., Tallada Crespi, P., Tavagnacco, D., Taylor, A. N., Tenti, M., Tereno, I., Toledo-Moreo, R., Torradeflot, F., Valenziano, L., Valiviita, J., Vassallo, T., Viel, M., Wang, Y., Welikala, N., Whittaker, L., Zacchei, A., Zamorani, G., Zoubian, J., Zucca, E., Desprez G., Paltani S., Coupon J., Almosallam I., Alvarez-Ayllon A., Amaro V., Brescia M., Brodwin M., Cavuoti S., De Vicente-Albendea J., Fotopoulou S., Hatfield P.W., Hartley W.G., Ilbert O., Jarvis M.J., Longo G., Rau M.M., Saha R., Speagle J.S., Tramacere A., Castellano M., Dubath F., Galametz A., Kuemmel M., Laigle C., Merlin E., Mohr J.J., Pilo S., Salvato M., Andreon S., Auricchio N., Baccigalupi C., Balaguera-Antolinez A., Baldi M., Bardelli S., Bender R., Biviano A., Bodendorf C., Bonino D., Bozzo E., Branchini E., Brinchmann J., Burigana C., Cabanac R., Camera S., Capobianco V., Cappi A., Carbone C., Carretero J., Carvalho C.S., Casas R., Casas S., Castander F.J., Castignani G., Cimatti A., Cledassou R., Colodro-Conde C., Congedo G., Conselice C.J., Conversi L., Copin Y., Corcione L., Courtois H.M., Cuby J.-G., Da Silva A., De La Torre S., Degaudenzi H., DI Ferdinando D., Douspis M., Duncan C.A.J., Dupac X., Ealet A., Fabbian G., Fabricius M., Farrens S., Ferreira P.G., Finelli F., Fosalba P., Fourmanoit N., Frailis M., Franceschi E., Fumana M., Galeotta S., Garilli B., Gillard W., Gillis B., Giocoli C., Gozaliasl G., Gracia-Carpio J., Grupp F., Guzzo L., Hailey M., Haugan S.V.H., Holmes W., Hormuth F., Humphrey A., Jahnke K., Keihanen E., Kermiche S., Kilbinger M., Kirkpatrick C.C., Kitching T.D., Kohley R., Kubik B., Kunz M., Kurki-Suonio H., Ligori S., Lilje P.B., Lloro I., Maino D., Maiorano E., Marggraf O., Markovic K., Martinet N., Marulli F., Massey R., Maturi M., Mauri N., Maurogordato S., Medinaceli E., Mei S., Meneghetti M., Benton Metcalf R., Meylan G., Moresco M., Moscardini L., Munari E., Niemi S., Padilla C., Pasian F., Patrizii L., Pettorino V., Pires S., Polenta G., Poncet M., Popa L., Potter D., Pozzetti L., Raison F., Renzi A., Rhodes J., Riccio G., Rossetti E., Saglia R., Sapone D., Schneider P., Scottez V., Secroun A., Serrano S., Sirignano C., Sirri G., Stanco L., Stern D., Sureau F., Tallada Crespi P., Tavagnacco D., Taylor A.N., Tenti M., Tereno I., Toledo-Moreo R., Torradeflot F., Valenziano L., Valiviita J., Vassallo T., Viel M., Wang Y., Welikala N., Whittaker L., Zacchei A., Zamorani G., Zoubian J., and Zucca E.
Subjects: PREDICTION, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics, Surveys, 01 natural sciences, TELESCOPE ADVANCED CAMERA, Cosmology, galaxies, Galaxies: distances and redshift, PROBABILITY DENSITY-ESTIMATION, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Photometric redshift, COSMOS, Physics, Ground truth, distances and redshift [Galaxies], distances and redshifts -surveys -techniques, Outlier, astro-ph.CO, Probability distribution, Catalog, [SDU.ASTR.GA]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.GA], Algorithm, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), astro-ph.GA, miscellaneous [Techniques], Catalogs, Galaxies: distances and redshifts, Techniques: miscellaneous, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Photometry (optics), Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, distances and redshifts [Galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, 115 Astronomy, Space science, Catalogues, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, EVOLUTION, miscellaneous -catalogs, MACHINE, Space and Planetary Science, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), EMISSION
Abstract: Forthcoming large photometric surveys for cosmology require precise and accurate photometric redshift (photo-z) measurements for the success of their main science objectives. However, to date, no method has been able to produce photo-zs at the required accuracy using only the broad-band photometry that those surveys will provide. An assessment of the strengths and weaknesses of current methods is a crucial step in the eventual development of an approach to meet this challenge. We report on the performance of 13 photometric redshift code single value redshift estimates and redshift probability distributions (PDZs) on a common set of data, focusing particularly on the 0.2pdbl-pdbl2.6 redshift range that the Euclid mission will probe. We designed a challenge using emulated Euclid data drawn from three photometric surveys of the COSMOS field. The data was divided into two samples: one calibration sample for which photometry and redshifts were provided to the participants; and the validation sample, containing only the photometry to ensure a blinded test of the methods. Participants were invited to provide a redshift single value estimate and a PDZ for each source in the validation sample, along with a rejection flag that indicates the sources they consider unfit for use in cosmological analyses. The performance of each method was assessed through a set of informative metrics, using cross-matched spectroscopic and highly-accurate photometric redshifts as the ground truth. We show that the rejection criteria set by participants are efficient in removing strong outliers, that is to say sources for which the photo-z deviates by more than 0.15(1pdbl+pdblz) from the spectroscopic-redshift (spec-z). We also show that, while all methods are able to provide reliable single value estimates, several machine-learning methods do not manage to produce useful PDZs. We find that no machine-learning method provides good results in the regions of galaxy color-space that are sparsely populated by spectroscopic-redshifts, for example zpdbl> pdbl1. However they generally perform better than template-fitting methods at low redshift (zpdbl< pdbl0.7), indicating that template-fitting methods do not use all of the information contained in the photometry. We introduce metrics that quantify both photo-z precision and completeness of the samples (post-rejection), since both contribute to the final figure of merit of the science goals of the survey (e.g., cosmic shear from Euclid). Template-fitting methods provide the best results in these metrics, but we show that a combination of template-fitting results and machine-learning results with rejection criteria can outperform any individual method. On this basis, we argue that further work in identifying how to best select between machine-learning and template-fitting approaches for each individual galaxy should be pursued as a priority., GD and AG acknowledge the support from the Sinergia program of the Swiss National Science Foundation. Part of this work was supported by the German Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft, DFG project number Ts 17/2–1. MB acknowledges the financial contribution from the agreement ASI/INAF 2018-23-HH.0, Euclid ESA mission – Phase D and the INAF PRIN-SKA 2017 program 1.05.01.88.04. SC acknowledges the financial contribution from FFABR 2017. The Euclid Consortium acknowledges the European Space Agency and a number of agencies and institutes that have supported the development of Euclid, in particular the Academy of Finland, the Agenzia Spaziale Italiana, the Belgian Science Policy, the Canadian Euclid Consortium, the Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales, the Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, the Danish Space Research Institute, the Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia, the Ministerio de Economia y Competitividad, the National Aeronautics and Space Administration, the Netherlandse Onderzoekschool Voor Astronomie, the Norwegian Space Agency, the Romanian Space Agency, the State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) at the Swiss Space Office (SSO), and the United Kingdom Space Agency. A complete and detailed list is available on the Euclid website (http://www.euclid-ec.org).
Published: 2020

17. Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars: Enhanced compact AGN emission in red quasars

Author: L. Klindt, David J. Rosario, David M. Alexander, Leah K. Morabito, Elisabeta Lusso, G. Calistro Rivera, V. A. Fawcett, and Sotiria Fotopoulou
Subjects: Physics, Very large array, galaxies: Active, galaxies: Evolution, galaxies: Jets, quasars: General, quasars: Supermassive black holes, radio continuum: Galaxies, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common
Abstract: We have recently used the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) survey to show that red quasars have fundamentally different radio properties to typical blue quasars: a significant (factor $\sim3$) enhancement in the radio-detection fraction, which arises from systems around the radio-quiet threshold with compact ($, Comment: 17 pages, 17 Figures. Accepted for publication in MNRAS
Published: 2020

18. Fundamental differences in the radio properties of red and blue quasars : evolution strongly favoured over orientation

Author: David J. Rosario, Sotiria Fotopoulou, L. Klindt, David M. Alexander, and Elisabeta Lusso
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010306 general physics, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, education.field_of_study, Line-of-sight, Orientation (computer vision), Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, galaxies: active, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: jets, quasars: general, quasars: supermassive black holes, infrared: galaxies, radio-continuum: galaxies, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Quasar, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Wavelength, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract: A minority of the optically selected quasar population are red at optical wavelengths due to the presence of dust along the line-of-sight. A key focus of many red quasar studies is to understand their relationship with the overall quasar population: are they blue quasars observed at a (slight) inclination angle or do they represent a transitional phase in the evolution of quasars? Identifying fundamental differences between red and blue quasars is key to discriminate between these two paradigms. To robustly explore this, we have uniformly selected quasars from the Sloan Digital Sky Survey with mid-infrared counterparts, carefully controlling for luminosity and redshift effects. We take a novel approach to distinguish between colour-selected quasars in the redshift range of $0.2 < z < 2.4$ by constructing redshift-sensitive $g^* - i^*$ colour cuts. From cross-matching this sample to the Faint Images of the Radio Sky at Twenty-centimeters (FIRST) survey, we have found a factor $\approx$ 3 larger fraction of radio-detected red quasars with respect to that of blue quasars. Through a visual inspection of the FIRST images and an assessment of the radio luminosities (rest-frame ${L_{\rm 1.4~GHz}}$ and ${L_{\rm 1.4~GHz}}/{L_{\rm 6��m}}$) we find that the radio-detection excess for red quasars is primarily due to compact and radio-faint systems (around the radio quiet--radio loud threshold). We show that our results rule out orientation as the origin for the differences between red and blue quasars and argue that they provide broad agreement with an evolutionary model., Accepted to be published in MNRAS: 21 pages, 16 figures, and 6 tables
Published: 2019

19. The Complete Calibration of the Color–Redshift Relation (C3R2) Survey : analysis and data release 2

Author: Francisco J. Castander, Iary Davidzon, Peter Capak, S. Adam Stanford, Nina Hernitschek, D. B. Sanders, Audrey Galametz, Jason Rhodes, Kerianne Pruett, Bahram Mobasher, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Daniel Stern, Daniel Masters, and Judith G. Cohen
Subjects: Physics, Brightness, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Color space, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Cosmology, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Calibration, Dark energy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences
Abstract: The Complete Calibration of the Color-Redshift Relation (C3R2) survey is a multi-institution, multi-instrument survey that aims to map the empirical relation of galaxy color to redshift to i~24.5 (AB), thereby providing a firm foundation for weak lensing cosmology with the Stage IV dark energy missions Euclid and WFIRST. Here we present 3171 new spectroscopic redshifts obtained in the 2016B and 2017A semesters with a combination of DEIMOS, LRIS, and MOSFIRE on the Keck telescopes. The observations come from all of the Keck partners: Caltech, NASA, the University of Hawaii, and the University of California. Combined with the 1283 redshifts published in DR1, the C3R2 survey has now obtained and published 4454 high quality galaxy redshifts. We discuss updates to the survey design and provide a catalog of photometric and spectroscopic data. Initial tests of the calibration method performance are given, indicating that the sample, once completed and combined with extensive data collected by other spectroscopic surveys, should allow us to meet the cosmology requirements for Euclid, and make significant headway toward solving the problem for WFIRST. We use the full spectroscopic sample to demonstrate that galaxy brightness is weakly correlated with redshift once a galaxy is localized in the Euclid or WFIRST color space, with potentially important implications for the spectroscopy needed to calibrate redshifts for faint WFIRST and LSST sources., Comment: ApJ accepted. Survey website with links to the C3R2 redshift catalog and spectroscopic data hosted by KOA can be found at https://sites.google.com/view/c3r2-survey/home
Published: 2019

20. The XXL Survey: XXXVII. The role of the environment in shaping the stellar population properties of galaxies at 0.1 ≤ z ≤ 0.5

Author: V. Guglielmo, Sophie Maurogordato, C. Adami, Benedetta Vulcani, Jacopo Fritz, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Marguerite Pierre, M. Bolzonella, Bianca M. Poggianti, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Universidad Michoacana de San Nicolás de Hidalgo (UMICH), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Durham University, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), This work was supported by the Programme National Cosmology et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU with INP and IN2P3, co-funded by CEA and CNES., Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Field (physics), Stellar population, media_common.quotation_subject, Population, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Virial theorem, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: star formation, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, galaxies: stellar content, large-scale structure of Universe, galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: Exploiting a sample of galaxies drawn from the XXL-N multiwavelength survey, we present an analysis of the stellar population properties of galaxies at 0.1, Comment: 22 pages, 15 figures; accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2019

21. The XXL Survey

Author: L. Chiappetti, Minh Huynh, Paolo Ciliegi, J. Delhaize, N. Jurlin, A. Iovino, A. Butler, Vernesa Smolčić, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Marguerite Pierre, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), University of Zagreb, International Centre for Radio Astronomy Research (ICRAR), The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Government of Western Australia-Curtin University [Perth], Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC)-Planning and Transport Research Centre (PATREC), Department of Physics [Durham University], Durham University, CSIRO Astronomy and Space Science, Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation [Canberra] (CSIRO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Brera (OAB), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Milano (OAM), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), The Saclay group acknowledges long-term support from the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES)., XXL, XMM Very Large Programme, European Project: 337595,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2013-StG,COSMASS(2014), European Project: 333654,EC:FP7:PEOPLE,FP7-PEOPLE-2012-CIG,AGN FEEDBACK(2013), Government of Western Australia-The University of Western Australia (UWA)-Curtin University [Perth], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Field (physics), media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, radio continuum: general, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, radio continuum: general, radio continuum: galaxies, catalogs, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Physics, radio continuum: galaxies, Near-infrared spectroscopy, Radio flux, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Nuclear activity, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, galaxies [radio continuum], Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Magnitude (astronomy), general [radio continuum], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], catalogs
Abstract: In this paper we present the optical, near-infrared (NIR) and X-ray identifications of the 6287 radio sources detected in the 2.1 GHz deep radio survey down to a median rms of ~ 41microJy/beam obtained with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) in the XXL-S field. The goal of this paper is to provide a multi wavelength catalogue of the counterparts of the radio sources to be used in further studies. For the optical and NIR identification of the radio sources, we used the likelihood ratio (LR) technique, slightly modified in order to take into account the presence of a large number of relatively bright counterparts close to the radio sources. This procedure led to the identification of optical/NIR counterparts for 4770 different radio sources (~77% of the whole radio sample), 414 of which also have an X-ray counterpart. This fraction of identification is in agreement with previous radio-optical association studies at a similar optical magnitude depth, but is relatively low in comparison to recent work conducted in other radio fields using deeper optical and NIR data. The analysis of optical and NIR properties of radio sources shows that, regardless of the radio flux limit of a radio survey, the nature of the identified sources is strongly dependent on the depth of the optical/NIR used in the identification process. Only with deep enough optical/NIR data will we be able to identify a significant fraction of radio sources with red (z_{DEC}-K) counterparts whose radio emission is dominated by nuclear activity rather than starburst activity., Comment: 11 pages, 11 figures, Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

22. The XXL Survey

Author: Vernesa Smolčić, Cathy Horellou, Christophe Benoist, Konstantinos Kolokythas, Bianca M. Poggianti, Mark Birkinshaw, Cristian Vignali, M. E. Ramos-Ceja, H. J. A. Röttgering, Somak Raychaudhury, César A. Caretta, C. Adami, J. Delhaize, L. Tolliner, F. Karlsson, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Chiara Ferrari, Huib Intema, Andreas Nilsson, L. Chiappetti, Florian Pacaud, Marguerite Pierre, C. Krook, V. Guglielmo, Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, University of Zagreb, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Bristol [Bristol], INAF-IASF Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, North-West University [South Aftrica] (NWU), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Horellou, C., Intema, H.T., Smolčić, V., Nilsson, A., Karlsson, F., Krook, C., Tolliner, L., Adami, C., Benoist, C., Birkinshaw, M., Caretta, C., Chiappetti, L., Delhaize, J., Ferrari, C., Fotopoulou, S., Guglielmo, V., Kolokythas, K., Pacaud, F., Pierre, M., Poggianti, B.M., Ramos-Ceja, M.E., Raychaudhury, S., Röttgering, H.J.A., and Vignali, C.
Subjects: Radiation mechanisms: non-thermal, active [Galaxies], PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, Radio galaxy, [SDU.ASTR.CO]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Cosmology and Extra-Galactic Astrophysics [astro-ph.CO], Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, galaxies [Radio continuum], Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Radio continuum: galaxies, Supercluster, Galaxies: magnetic field, 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, data analysis [Methods], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope, non-thermal [Radiation mechanisms], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Visual examination, magnetic fields [Galaxies], Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, [SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Methods: data analysi
Abstract: We show how the XXL multiwavelength survey can be used to shed light on radio galaxies and their environment. Two prominent radio galaxies were identified in a visual examination of the mosaic of XXL-North obtained with the Giant Metrewave Radio Telescope at 610MHz. Counterparts were searched for in other bands. Spectroscopic redshifts from the GAMA database were used to identify clusters and/or groups of galaxies, estimate their masses with the caustic method, and quantify anisotropies in the surrounding galaxy distribution via a Fourier analysis. Both radio galaxies are of FR I type and are hosted by early-type galaxies at a redshift of 0.138. The first radio source, named the Exemplar, has a physical extent of about 400 kpc; it is located in the cluster XLSSC112, which has a temperature of about 2 keV, a total mass of about $10^{14} M_\odot$, and resides in an XXL supercluster with eight known members. The second source, named the Double Irony, is a giant radio galaxy with a total length of about 1.1 Mpc. Its core coincides with a cataloged point-like X-ray source, but no extended X-ray emission from a surrounding galaxy cluster was detected. However, from the optical data we determined that the host is the brightest galaxy in a group that is younger, less virialized, and less massive than the Exemplar's cluster. A friends-of-friends analysis showed that the Double Irony's group is a member of the same supercluster as the Exemplar. There are indications that the jets and plumes of the Double Irony have been deflected by gas associated with the surrounding galaxy distribution. Another overdensity of galaxies (the tenth) containing a radio galaxy was found to be associated with the supercluster. Radio galaxies can be used to find galaxy clusters/groups that are below the current sensitivity of X-ray surveys., 23 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

23. The XXL Survey : XXVII. The 3XLSS point source catalogue

Author: Ivan Valtchanov, Michael J. I. Brown, P. Franzetti, E. Elmer, Bruno Altieri, Sinan Aliş, Matt S. Owers, Maria del Carmen Polletta, Bianca M. Poggianti, Ivan K. Baldry, Trevor J. Ponman, Meiert W. Grootes, C. Adami, T. Sadibekova, Angela Bongiorno, Elias Koulouridis, Stéphane Paltani, Florian Pacaud, Christopher Lidman, Manolis Plionis, Jochen Liske, Cristian Vignali, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Glenn Wagner, V. Guglielmo, Simon P. Driver, O. Melnyk, Richard J. Tuffs, Marguerite Pierre, L. Chiappetti, Sophie Maurogordato, A. Iovino, M. Bolzonella, Andrii Elyiv, J. P. Lefevre, L. Faccioli, Aaron S. G. Robotham, E. Pompei, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Chiappetti, L., Fotopoulou, S., Lidman, C., Faccioli, L., Pacaud, F., Elyiv, A., Paltani, S., Pierre, M., Plionis, M., Adami, C., Alis, S., Altieri, B., Baldry, I., Bolzonella, M., Bongiorno, A., Brown, M., Driver, S., Elmer, E., Franzetti, P., Grootes, M., Guglielmo, V., Iovino, A., Koulouridis, E., Lefèvre, J.P., Liske, J., Maurogordato, S., Melnyk, O., Owers, M., Poggianti, B., Polletta, M., Pompei, E., Ponman, T., Robotham, A., Sadibekova, T., Tuffs, R., Valtchanov, I., Vignali, C., and Wagner, G.
Subjects: Point source, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Surveys, X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, surveys, general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, QB Astronomy, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, QB, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, DAS, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, catalogs, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Catalog, Catalogs, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We present the version of the point source catalogue of the XXL Survey that was used, in part, in the first series of XXL papers. In this paper we release, in our database in Milan and at CDS: (i) the X-ray source catalogue with 26056 objects in two areas of 25 deg2; (ii) the associated multiwavelength catalogues with candidate counterparts of the X-ray sources in the infrared, near-infrared, optical, and ultraviolet (plus spectroscopic redshift when available); and (iii) a catalogue of spectroscopic redshifts recently obtained in the southern XXL area. We also present the basic properties of the X-ray point sources and their counterparts. Other catalogues described in the second series of XXL papers will be released contextually, and will constitute the second XXL data release., Comment: 19 pages, 11 figures, part of A&A Special Issue "The XXL Survey: second series" https://www.aanda.org/component/toc/?task=topic&id=927
Published: 2018

24. The XXL Survey

Author: C. Adami, Fabio Gastaldello, I. Georgantopoulos, L. Faccioli, Elias Koulouridis, Stefano Ettori, Florian Pacaud, L. Chiappetti, Marguerite Pierre, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Christopher Lidman, M. E. Ramos-Ceja, Manolis Plionis, Stéphane Paltani, Paul Giles, M. Ricci, Cristian Vignali, Andrii Elyiv, Koulouridis, E., Ricci, M., Giles, P., Adami, C., Ramos-Ceja, M., Pierre, M., Plionis, M., Lidman, C., Georgantopoulos, I., Chiappetti, L., Elyiv, A., Ettori, S., Faccioli, L., Fotopoulou, S., Gastaldello, F., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Vignali, C., Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, active [Galaxies], Large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, interactions [Galaxies], Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, clusters: genera [Galaxies], 0103 physical sciences, galaxies: interactions, Galaxy formation and evolution, Cluster (physics), education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astronomy and Astrophysic, evolution [Galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, X-rays: galaxies: cluster, Galaxy, Redshift, Ram pressure, Galaxies: clusters: genera, Galaxies: interaction, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), X-rays: galaxies: clusters, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: We present the results of a study of the AGN density in a homogeneous and well-studied sample of 167 bona fide X-ray galaxy clusters ($0.110^{42}$ erg cm$^{-1}$) in bright cluster galaxies, up to $6r_{500}$ radius. To study the mass dependence and the evolution of the AGN population, we further divided the sample into low- and high-mass clusters and two redshift bins (0.1-0.28 and 0.28-0.5). We detect a significant excess of X-ray AGNs, at the 95% confidence level, in low-mass clusters between $0.5r_{500}$ and 2$r_{500}$, which drops to the field value within the cluster cores ($r, Comment: Accepted for publication in Astronomy & Astrophysics, 10 pages
Published: 2018

25. The XXL Survey : XXXII. Spatial clustering of the XXL-S AGN

Author: Sotiria Fotopoulou, Florian Pacaud, C. Adami, L. Faccioli, Stéphane Paltani, L. Chiappetti, Lauro Moscardini, Marguerite Pierre, Christopher Lidman, Elias Koulouridis, L. Koutoulidis, Manolis Plionis, Plionis, M., Koutoulidis, L., Koulouridis, E., Moscardini, L., Lidman, C., Pierre, M., Adami, C., Chiappetti, L., Faccioli, L., Fotopoulou, S., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Dark matter, galaxies: active, Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Correlation function (statistical mechanics), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Magnitude (astronomy), Halo, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The XMM-XXL Survey spans two fields of $\rm 25$ deg$^2$ each observed for more than 6Ms with XMM, which provided a sample of tens of thousands of point sources with a flux limit of $\sim 2.2 \times 10^{-15}$ and $\sim 1.4 \times 10^{-14}$ erg s$^{-1}$ cm$^{2}$, corresponding to 50% of the area curve, in the soft band and hard band, respectively. In this paper we present the spatial clustering properties of $\sim 3100$ and $\sim 1900$ X-ray active galactic nuclei (AGNs) in the 0.5-2 and 2-10 keV bands, respectively, which have been spectroscopically observed with the AAOmega facility. This sample is 90% redshift complete down to an optical magnitude limit of $r\lesssim 21.8$. The sources span the redshift interval $0, Comment: accepted in A&A
Published: 2018

26. SUPER I. Toward an unbiased study of ionized outflows in z~2 active galactic nuclei: survey overview and sample characterization

Author: G. Rodighiero, Luca Zappacosta, Alessandra Lamastra, Chiara Feruglio, S. Carniani, Paolo Padovani, Enrico Piconcelli, Giovanni Cresci, Michele Perna, Andreas Schulze, Claudia Cicone, Mara Salvato, D. Kakkad, Bernd Husemann, M. Bischetti, John D. Silverman, Angela Bongiorno, B. Balmaverde, Andrea Merloni, Alessandro Marconi, C. Circosta, Francesca Civano, Alexander Karim, Fabrizio Fiore, M. Schramm, Alfio Puglisi, C. Vignali, G. Zamorani, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Vincenzo Mainieri, Benjamin Magnelli, Eva Schinnerer, G. Vietri, Andrea Comastri, Hagai Netzer, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Christopher Harrison, F. Mannucci, Marcella Brusa, Circosta, C., Mainieri, V., Padovani, P., Lanzuisi, G., Salvato, M., Harrison, C. M., Kakkad, D., Puglisi, A., Vietri, G., Zamorani, G., Cicone, C., Husemann, B., Vignali, C., Balmaverde, B., Bischetti, M., Bongiorno, A., Brusa, M., Carniani, S., Civano, F., Comastri, A., Cresci, G., Feruglio, C., Fiore, F., Fotopoulou, S., Karim, A., Lamastra, A., Magnelli, B., Mannucci, F., Marconi, A., Merloni, A., Netzer, H., Perna, M., Piconcelli, E., Rodighiero, G., Schinnerer, E., Schramm, M., Schulze, A., Silverman, J., Zappacosta, L., DEU, and Circosta C., Mainieri V, Padovani P., Lanzuisi G., Salvato M., Harrison C. M., Kakkad D., Puglisi A., Vietri G., Zamorani G., Cicone C., Husemann B., Vignali C., Balmaverde B., Bischetti M., Bongiorno A., Brusa M., Carniani S., Civano F., Comastri A., Cresci G., Feruglio C., Fiore F., Fotopoulou S., Karim A., Lamastra A., Magnelli B., Mannucci F., Marconi A., Merloni A., Netzer H., Perna M., Piconcelli E., Rodighiero G., Schinnerer E., Schramm M., Schulze A., Silverman J., Zappacosta L.
Subjects: Galaxies: Active, Galaxies: Evolution, Ism: Jets and outflows, Quasars: General, Surveys, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, General [Quasars], 01 natural sciences, Evolution [Galaxies], Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Emission spectrum, Jets and outflow [Ism], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, alaxies: active, galaxies: evolution, quasars: general, surveys, ISM: jets and outflows, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Active [Galaxies], Photometry (astronomy), Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Spectral energy distribution
Abstract: Theoretical models of galaxy formation suggest that the presence of an active galactic nucleus (AGN) is required to regulate the growth of its host galaxy through feedback mechanisms, produced by e.g. AGN-driven outflows. Although such outflows are common both at low and high redshift, a comprehensive picture is still missing. The peak epoch of galaxy assembly (1, Comment: 28 pages, 8 figures, 5 tables. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

27. The XXL Survey: XXI. the environment and clustering of X-ray AGN in the XXL-South field

Author: F. Finet, Cristian Vignali, C. Adami, N. Baran, O. Melnyk, J. Delhaize, A. Butler, C. Lidman, Minh Huynh, Jean Surdej, L. Chiappetti, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Andrii Elyiv, Marguerite Pierre, Ivan Delvecchio, Manolis Plionis, Emanuela Pompei, Elias Koulouridis, Vernesa Smolčić, Melnyk, O., Elyiv, A., Smolčić, V., Plionis, M., Koulouridis, E., Fotopoulou, S., Chiappetti, L., Adami, C., Baran, N., Butler, A., Delhaize, J., Delvecchio, I., Finet, F., Huynh, M., Lidman, C., Pierre, M., Pompei, E., Vignali, C., Surdej, J., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Active galactic nucleus, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Context (language use), Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Radio continuum: galaxie, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, galaxies: active, radio continuum: galaxies, quasars: general, Supercluster, 0103 physical sciences, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, education, Cluster analysis, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, [SDU.ASTR]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], general [quasars], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, galaxies [radio continuum], Galaxy, Redshift, Quasars: general, [SDU]Sciences of the Universe [physics], Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], galaxies: clusters [X-rays]
Abstract: This work is part of a series of studies focusing on the environment and the properties of the X-ray selected active galactic nuclei (AGN) population from the XXL survey. The present survey, given its large area, continuity, extensive multiwavelength coverage, and large-scale structure information, is ideal for this kind of study. Here, we focus on the XXL-South (XXL-S) field. Our main aim is to study the environment of the various types of X-ray selected AGN and investigate its possible role in AGN triggering and evolution. We studied the large-scale (>1 Mpc) environment up to redshift z=1 using the nearest neighbour distance method to compare various pairs of AGN types. We also investigated the small-scale environment (, 11 pages, 10 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

28. The XXL Survey. XXXI. Classification and host galaxy properties of 2.1 GHz ATCA XXL-S radio sources

Author: Minh Huynh, Chris Lidman, N. Jurlin, A. Butler, Marguerite Pierre, Paolo Ciliegi, Ivan Delvecchio, Shantanu Desai, J. Delhaize, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Anna D. Kapińska, Manolis Plionis, and Vernesa Smolčić
Subjects: statistics [galaxies], Active galactic nucleus, Radio galaxy, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, law, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysics, stellar content [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Accretion (astrophysics), Redshift, Galaxy, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics, galaxies [radio continuum], PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], Spectral energy distribution, galaxies: general, galaxies: evolution, galaxies: active, radio continuum: galaxies, galaxies: statistics, galaxies: stellar content, general [galaxies]
Abstract: The classification of the host galaxies of the radio sources in the 25 deg$^2$ ultimate XMM extragalactic survey south field (XXL-S) is presented. XXL-S was surveyed at 2.1 GHz with the Australia Telescope Compact Array (ATCA) and is thus far the largest area radio survey conducted down to rms flux densities of $\sigma \sim 41$ $\mu$Jy beam$^{-1}$. Of the 6287 radio sources in XXL-S, 4758 (75.7%) were cross-matched to an optical counterpart using the likelihood ratio technique. There are 1110 spectroscopic redshifts and 3648 photometric redshifts available for the counterparts, of which 99.4% exist out to $z \sim 4$. A number of multiwavelength diagnostics, including X-ray luminosities, mid-infrared colours, spectral energy distribution fits, radio luminosities, and optical emission lines and colours, were used to classify the sources into three types: low-excitation radio galaxies (LERGs), high-excitation radio galaxies (HERGs), and star-forming galaxies (SFGs). The final sample contains 1729 LERGs (36.3%), 1159 radio-loud HERGs (24.4%), 296 radio-quiet HERGs (6.2%), 558 SFGs (11.7%), and 1016 unclassified sources (21.4%). The LERGs tend to exist in the most massive galaxies with low star formation rates and redder colours, whereas the HERGs and SFGs exist in galaxies of lower mass, higher star formation rates, and bluer colours. The fraction of blue host galaxies is higher for radio-quiet HERGs than for radio-loud HERGs. LERGs and radio-loud HERGs are found at all radio luminosities, but radio-loud HERGs tend to be more radio luminous than LERGs at a given redshift. These results are consistent with the emerging picture in which LERGs exist in the most massive quiescent galaxies typically found in clusters with hot X-ray halos and HERGs are associated with ongoing star formation in their host galaxies via the accretion of cold gas., Comment: 27 pages, 31 figures
Published: 2018

29. The XXL Survey: XIX. A realistic population of simulated X-ray AGN: Comparison of models with observations

Author: I. Georgantopoulos, A. Akylas, Piero Ranalli, Florian Pacaud, L. Faccioli, Ian G. McCarthy, Elias Koulouridis, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Stéphane Paltani, A. M. C. Le Brun, Christopher Lidman, Manolis Plionis, Marguerite Pierre, Cristian Vignali, Koulouridis, E., Faccioli, L., Le Brun, A.M.C., Plionis, M., McCarthy, I.G., Pierre, M., Akylas, A., Georgantopoulos, I., Paltani, S., Lidman, C., Fotopoulou, S., Vignali, C., Pacaud, F., Ranalli, P., Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), and Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112))
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Active galactic nucleus, Large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, Galaxy groups and clusters, surveys, Galaxy group, 0103 physical sciences, education, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, QC, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Luminosity function (astronomy), High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Quasars: supermassive black hole, quasars: supermassive black holes, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Modern cosmological simulations rely heavily on feedback from active galactic nuclei (AGN) in order to stave off overcooling in massive galaxies and galaxy groups and clusters. An important independent test is whether or not the simulations capture the broad demographics of the observed AGN population. Here, we have used the cosmo-OWLS suite of cosmological hydrodynamical simulations to produce realistic synthetic catalogs of X-ray AGN out to $z$=3, with the aim of comparing the catalogs to the observed X-ray AGN population in the XXL survey and other recent surveys. We focused on the unabsorbed X-ray luminosity function (XLF), the Eddington ratio distribution, the black hole mass function, and the projected clustering of X-ray AGN. To compute the unabsorbed XLF of the simulated AGN, we used recent empirically-determined bolometric corrections. We show that the simulated AGN sample accurately reproduces the observed XLF over 3 orders of magnitude in X-ray luminosity in all redshift bins. To compare to the observed Eddington ratio distribution and the clustering of AGN, we produced detailed 'XMM-Newton-detected' catalogs of the simulated AGN. This requires the production of synthetic X-ray images extracted from light cones of the simulations that fold in the relevant instrumental effects of XMM-Newton. We apply a luminosity- and redshift-dependent obscuration function for the AGN and employ the same AGN detection algorithm as used for the real XXL survey. We demonstrate that the detected population of simulated AGN reproduces the observed Eddington ratio distribution and projected clustering from XXL quite well. We conclude that the simulations have a broadly realistic population of AGN and that our synthetic X-ray AGN catalogs should be useful for interpreting additional trends and as a helpful tool for quantifying AGN contamination in galaxy group and cluster X-ray surveys., Comment: 14 pages, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

30. The Euclid Data Processing Challenges

Author: O. Rees Williams, Andrea Bonchi, H. Degaudenzi, Stefano Cavuoti, Andrea Tramacere, S. Serrano, S. Pilo, F. Dubath, Mark Holliman, Audrey Galametz, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Roberto P. Saglia, Nikolaos Apostolakos, Adriano Fontana, Shantanu Desai, Peter Capak, P. Hudelot, Marc Schefer, Olivier Ilbert, M. Kuemmel, M. Melchior, Gianluca Polenta, Andrey Belikov, Christophe Dabin, Yannick Mellier, Stéphane Paltani, Joseph J. Mohr, Marco Soldati, M. Poncet, Marc Sauvage, J. Hoar, N. Morisset, M. Frailis, Roser Pello, Massimo Brescia, Mara Salvato, Jean Coupon, Andrea Zacchei, Ben Hoyle, Pierre Dubath, Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) (DAP), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomy, ITA, USA, GBR, FRA, DEU, ESP, NLD, CHE, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ), Département d'Astrophysique (ex SAP) ( DAP ), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers ( IRFU ), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives ( CEA ) -Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Massimo Brescia, S. G. Djorgovski, Eric D. Feigelson, Giuseppe Longo, Stefano Cavuoti, Dubath, P., Apostolakos, N., Bonchi, A., Belikov, A., Brescia, M., Cavuoti, Stefano, Capak, P., Coupon, J., Dabin, C., Degaudenzi, H., Desai, S., Dubath, F., Fontana, A., Fotopoulou, S., Frailis, M., Galametz, A., Hoar, J., Holliman, M., Hoyle, B., Hudelot, P., Ilbert, O., Kuemmel, M., Melchior, M., Mellier, Y., Mohr, J., Morisset, N., Paltani, S., Pello, R., Pilo, S., Polenta, G., Poncet, M., Saglia, R., Salvato, M., Sauvage, M., Schefer, M., Serrano, S., Soldati, M., Tramacere, A., Williams, R., and Zacchei, A.
Subjects: Computer science, media_common.quotation_subject, Face (sociological concept), FOS: Physical sciences, Space (commercial competition), 01 natural sciences, Cosmology, dark matter, catalogs, dark matter, galaxies: distances and redshifts, galaxies: fundamental parameters, methods: data analysis, surveys, surveys, 0103 physical sciences, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, [ PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET ] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Data processing, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, business.industry, Software development, Astronomy and Astrophysics, galaxies: fundamental parameters, Data science, methods: data analysis, Universe, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Data center, galaxies: distances and redshifts, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, catalogs
Abstract: Euclid is a Europe-led cosmology space mission dedicated to a visible and near infrared survey of the entire extra-galactic sky. Its purpose is to deepen our knowledge of the dark content of our Universe. After an overview of the Euclid mission and science, this contribution describes how the community is getting organized to face the data analysis challenges, both in software development and in operational data processing matters. It ends with a more specific account of some of the main contributions of the Swiss Science Data Center (SDC-CH)., Comment: 10 pages, 4 figures, IAU Symposium 325 on Astroinformatics
Published: 2017

31. Finding counterparts for All-sky X-ray surveys with Nway: a Bayesian algorithm for cross-matching multiple catalogues

Author: Tom Dwelly, A. Rau, Marcella Brusa, Tamás Budavári, Mara Salvato, Andrea Merloni, Johannes Buchner, Kirpal Nandra, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Salvato, M., Buchner, J., Budavári, T., Dwelly, T., Merloni, A., Brusa, M., Rau, A., Fotopoulou, S., and Nandra, K.
Subjects: media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, virtual observatory tools, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, 0103 physical sciences, ROSAT, Prior probability, Orders of magnitude (speed), 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), media_common, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), methods: statistical, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Observable, LOFAR, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Bayesian statistics, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), catalogue, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, methods: data analysi
Abstract: We release the AllWISE counterparts and Gaia matches to 106,573 and 17,665 X-ray sources detected in the ROSAT 2RXS and XMMSL2 surveys with |b|>15. These are the brightest X-ray sources in the sky, but their position uncertainties and the sparse multi-wavelength coverage until now rendered the identification of their counterparts a demanding task with uncertain results. New all-sky multi-wavelength surveys of sufficient depth, like AllWISE and Gaia, and a new Bayesian statistics based algorithm, NWAY, allow us, for the first time, to provide reliable counterpart associations. NWAY extends previous distance and sky density based association methods and, using one or more priors (e.g., colors, magnitudes), weights the probability that sources from two or more catalogues are simultaneously associated on the basis of their observable characteristics. Here, counterparts have been determined using a WISE color-magnitude prior. A reference sample of 4524 XMM/Chandra and Swift X-ray sources demonstrates a reliability of ~ 94.7% (2RXS) and 97.4% (XMMSL2). Combining our results with Chandra-COSMOS data, we propose a new separation between stars and AGN in the X-ray/WISE flux-magnitude plane, valid over six orders of magnitude. We also release the NWAY code and its user manual. NWAY was extensively tested with XMM-COSMOS data. Using two different sets of priors, we find an agreement of 96% and 99% with published Likelihood Ratio methods. Our results were achieved faster and without any follow-up visual inspection. With the advent of deep and wide area surveys in X-rays (e.g. SRG/eROSITA, Athena/WFI) and radio (ASKAP/EMU, LOFAR, APERTIF, etc.) NWAY will provide a powerful and reliable counterpart identification tool., MNRAS, Paper accepted for publication. Updated catalogs are available at www.mpe.mpg.de/XraySurveys/2RXS_XMMSL2 . NWAY available at https://github.com/JohannesBuchner/nway
Published: 2017

32. Learn from every mistake! Hierarchical information combination in astronomy

Author: Lorenzo Rimoldini, Jean Coupon, Stéphane Paltani, Laurent Eyer, Sotiria Fotopoulou, and Maria Süveges
Subjects: Hierarchy, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Computer science, business.industry, Big data, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Mistake, Machine learning, computer.software_genre, Base (topology), 01 natural sciences, Set (abstract data type), Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Survey data collection, Probability distribution, Artificial intelligence, business, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, computer, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), Photometric redshift
Abstract: Throughout the processing and analysis of survey data, a ubiquitous issue nowadays is that we are spoilt for choice when we need to select a methodology for some of its steps. The alternative methods usually fail and excel in different data regions, and have various advantages and drawbacks, so a combination that unites the strengths of all while suppressing the weaknesses is desirable. We propose to use a two-level hierarchy of learners. Its first level consists of training and applying the possible base methods on the first part of a known set. At the second level, we feed the output probability distributions from all base methods to a second learner trained on the remaining known objects. Using classification of variable stars and photometric redshift estimation as examples, we show that the hierarchical combination is capable of achieving general improvement over averaging-type combination methods, correcting systematics present in all base methods, is easy to train and apply, and thus, it is a promising tool in the astronomical "Big Data" era., 6 pages, 3 figures. To appear in the conference proceedings of the IAU Symposium 325 AstroInformatics (2016 October 20-24, Sorrento, Italy)
Published: 2017

33. The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey First Data Release: spectra and spectroscopic redshifts of 698 objects up to z~6 in CANDELS

Author: C. Moreau, A. Durkalec, S. Paltani, Mara Salvato, M. Castellano, Nimish P. Hathi, E. Vanzella, Adriano Fontana, B. Garilli, S. Bardelli, G. Zamorani, James Dunlop, B. Ribeiro, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Peter Capak, O. Cucciati, A. Grazian, Marco Scodeggio, Paolo Cassata, P. W. Wang, Ricardo Amorín, V. Sommariva, S. de la Torre, L. Guaita, Yannick Mellier, Laura Pentericci, Anton M. Koekemoer, Margherita Talia, Letizia P. Cassarà, L. Tresse, Rajat M. Thomas, C. Lopez-Sanjuan, Stéphane Charlot, V. Le Brun, O. Ilbert, Nick Scoville, D. Maccagni, M. Giavalisco, E. Zucca, Daniel Schaerer, Janine Pforr, Sotiria Fotopoulou, L. A. M. Tasca, O. Le Fevre, T. Contini, Brian Lemaux, D. Vergani, A. Cimatti, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Tasca, L.A.M., Le Fèvre, O., Ribeiro, B., Thomas, R., Moreau, C., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Lemaux, B.C., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Schaerer, D., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorin, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Paltani, S., Pforr, J., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., De La Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Guaita, L., Koekemoer, A., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., and Wang, P.W.
Subjects: Population, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Star (graph theory), Surveys, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Spectral line, Galaxies: distances and redshifts, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxies: distances and redshift, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], education, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: high-redshift, Catalogs, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Stars, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Spectral energy distribution, Catalog, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: This paper describes the first data release (DR1) of the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS). The DR1 includes all low-resolution spectroscopic data obtained in 276.9 arcmin2 of the CANDELS-COSMOS and CANDELS-ECFDS survey areas, including accurate spectroscopic redshifts z_spec and individual spectra obtained with VIMOS on the ESO-VLT. A total of 698 objects have a measured redshift, with 677 galaxies, two type-I AGN and a small number of 19 contaminating stars. The targets of the spectroscopic survey are selected primarily on the basis of their photometric redshifts to ensure a broad population coverage. About 500 galaxies have z_spec>2, 48 with z_spec>4, and the highest reliable redshifts reach beyond z_spec=6. This dataset approximately doubles the number of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts at z>3 in these fields. We discuss the general properties of the sample in terms of the spectroscopic redshift distribution, the distribution of Lyman-alpha equivalent widths, and physical properties including stellar masses M_star and star formation rates (SFR) derived from spectral energy distribution fitting with the knowledge of z_spec. We highlight the properties of the most massive star-forming galaxies, noting the large range in spectral properties, with Lyman-alpha in emission or in absorption, and in imaging properties with compact, multi-component or pair morphologies. We present the catalogue database and data products. All data are publicly available and can be retrieved from a dedicated query-based database available at http://cesam.lam.fr/vuds., 11 pages, 6 figures, submitted to A&A
Published: 2017

34. Estimating photometric redshifts for X-ray sources in the X-ATLAS field using machine-learning techniques

Author: Francisco J. Carrera, Amalia Corral, I. Georgantopoulos, Antonis Georgakakis, V. A. Masoura, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Ángel Ruiz, G. Mountrichas, European Commission, European Space Agency, and Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), active [Galaxies], Field (physics), media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, 7. Clean energy, Photometry (optics), Atlas (anatomy), general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, medicine, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, media_common, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, photometric [Techniques], Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Catalogues, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Sample (graphics), Redshift, medicine.anatomical_structure, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Outlier, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Techniques: photometric, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present photometric redshifts for 1031 X-ray sources in the X-ATLAS field using the machine-learning technique TPZ. X-ATLAS covers 7.1 deg observed with XMM-Newton within the Science Demonstration Phase of the H-ATLAS field, making it one of the largest contiguous areas of the sky with both XMM-Newton and Herschel coverage. All of the sources have available SDSS photometry, while 810 additionally have mid-IR and/or near-IR photometry. A spectroscopic sample of 5157 sources primarily in the XMM/XXL field, but also from several X-ray surveys and the SDSS DR13 redshift catalogue, was used to train the algorithm. Our analysis reveals that the algorithm performs best when the sources are split, based on their optical morphology, into point-like and extended sources. Optical photometry alone is not enough to estimate accurate photometric redshifts, but the results greatly improve when at least mid-IR photometry is added in the training process. In particular, our measurements show that the estimated photometric redshifts for the X-ray sources of the training sample have a normalized absolute median deviation, nmad - 0.06, and a percentage of outliers, - = 10-14%, depending upon whether the sources are extended or point like. Our final catalogue contains photometric redshifts for 933 out of the 1031 X-ray sources with a median redshift of 0.9., The research leading to these results has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Programme under the AHEAD project (grant agreement No. 654215). G.M. acknowledges financial support from the AHEAD project, which is funded by the European Union as Research and Innovation Action under Grant No: 654215. F.J.C. and A.C.R. acknowledge financial support through grant AYA2015-64346-C2-1-P (MINECO/FEDER). A.C.R. also acknowledges financial support by the European Space Agency (ESA) under the PRODEX program.
Published: 2017
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35. VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS): IGM transmission towards galaxies with $2.5 < z < 5.5$ and the colour selection of high-redshift galaxies

Author: Daniela Vergani, Yannick Mellier, C. Lopez-Sanjuan, Nick Scoville, Paolo Cassata, Rajat M. Thomas, Laurence Tresse, S. Paltani, B. Ribeiro, Ricardo Amorín, Letizia P. Cassarà, Andrea Cimatti, Brian C. Lemaux, Bianca Garilli, Andrea Grazian, Stéphane Charlot, Margherita Talia, Laura Pentericci, D. Maccagni, Adriano Fontana, Nimish P. Hathi, G. Zamorani, V. Le Brun, Lidia Tasca, O. Ilbert, Peter Capak, A. Durkalec, Thierry Contini, E. Zucca, S. Bardelli, Daniel Schaerer, Anton M. Koekemoer, Marco Castellano, James Dunlop, Mauro Giavalisco, V. Sommariva, Marco Scodeggio, P. W. Wang, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Mara Salvato, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Eros Vanzella, O. Cucciati, S. de la Torre, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Janine Pforr, O. Le Fevre, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements (CESR), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées, Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Thomas, R., Le Fèvre, O., Le Brun, V., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Lemaux, B.C., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Tasca, L.A.M., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorin, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Paltani, S., Pforr, J., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vanzella, E., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Cuby, J.G., De La Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Koekemoer, A., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., Wang, P.W., Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille ( LAM ), Aix Marseille Université ( AMU ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales ( CNES ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre d'étude spatiale des rayonnements ( CESR ), Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris ( IAP ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Institut national des sciences de l'Univers ( INSU - CNRS ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie ( IRAP ), and Université Paul Sabatier - Toulouse 3 ( UPS ) -Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées ( OMP ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS )
Subjects: QSOS, [ PHYS.ASTR ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Extinction (astronomy), Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Cosmology: observation, Spectral line, galaxies: high-redshift, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, Galaxy: evolution, Line-of-sight, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Cosmic variance, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Galaxy, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxy: formation, Large-scale structure of Universe, Space and Planetary Science, cosmology: observations, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: (arXiv abridged abstract) The observed UV rest-frame spectra of distant galaxies are the result of their intrinsic emission combined with absorption along the line of sight produced by the inter-galactic medium (IGM). Here we analyse the evolution of the mean IGM transmission Tr(Ly_alpha) and its dispersion along the line of sight for 2127 galaxies with 2.5= 4 compared to results from QSOs, but a degeneracy between dust extinction and IGM prevents to draw firm conclusions if the internal dust extinction for star-forming galaxies at z>4 takes a mean value significantly in excess of E(B-V)>0.15. Most importantly, we find a large dispersion of IGM transmission along the lines of sight towards distant galaxies with 68% of the distribution within 10 to 17% of the median value in delta z=0.5 bins, similar to what is found on the LOS towards QSOs. We demonstrate the importance of taking into account this large range of IGM transmission when selecting high redshift galaxies based on their colour properties (e.g. LBG or photometric redshift selection) or otherwise face a significant incompleteness in selecting high redshift galaxy populations., Comment: 15 pages, 11 figures, submitted to A&A
Published: 2017

36. The XXL Survey I. Scientific motivations - XMM-Newton observing plan - Follow-up observations and simulation programme

Author: David Rapetti, Bruno Altieri, Nicolas Clerc, N. Fourmanoit, R. Gastaud, Felipe Menanteau, Bianca M. Poggianti, Angela Bongiorno, M. E. Ramos-Ceja, Marcella Brusa, Andrii Elyiv, Stefano Ettori, Y. Dubois, S. Paltani, O. V. Melnyk, L. Guennou, Sean L. McGee, Emanuela Pompei, A. Butler, Dominique Eckert, C. Adami, F. Finet, C. De Breuck, V. Guglielmo, J. Delhaize, C. Schimd, A. Iovino, Cristian Vignali, K. Husband, Mauro Sereno, S. Desai, Arya Farahi, Steven L. Snowden, Cathy Horellou, Jean-Baptiste Melin, H. J. A. Röttgering, Vernesa Smolčić, Piero Ranalli, J. P. Le Fevre, Elias Koulouridis, J. L. Willis, A. Valotti, David N. Spergel, Minh Huynh, S. A. Stanford, I. Valtchanov, C. Lidman, Manolis Plionis, L. Chiappetti, Jean Surdej, M. Lieu, Thomas H. Reiprich, E. S. Rykoff, Daniel Pomarède, Florian Pacaud, Paolo Ciliegi, T. Sadibekova, I. Georgantopoulos, Sotiria Fotopoulou, C. Benoist, Julien Devriendt, F. Ziparo, S. Lavoie, Ian G. McCarthy, Jean Coupon, J. Démoclès, Mladen Novak, L. Faccioli, José Paulo Santos, Paul Giles, Adam Mantz, Malcolm N. Bremer, Graham P. Smith, Poshak Gandhi, Mark Birkinshaw, S. Maurogordato, Trevor J. Ponman, Ben J Maughan, Pier Stefano Corasaniti, August E. Evrard, Fabio Gastaldello, S. Raychaudury, A. M. C. Le Brun, Martin Kilbinger, J. L. Sauvageot, Sinan Aliş, Chieh-An Lin, E. Rozo, Patrick Valageas, Marguerite Pierre, Chiara Ferrari, B. Baran, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), CEA/DCC/DRRV/SCD, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Marcoule, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Herschel Science Centre, Agence Spatiale Européenne = European Space Agency (ESA), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Computing (GATECH), Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF- Milano, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Southern Observatory (ESO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sub-department of Astrophysics [Oxford], Department of Physics [Oxford], University of Oxford-University of Oxford, Centre de Recherche Astrophysique de Lyon (CRAL), École normale supérieure de Lyon (ENS de Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), INAF-IASF Milano, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Département de Géologie, Université de Montréal (UdeM), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Sr. PLM Consultant, Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique pour la Physique (ex SEDI) (DEDIP), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS/NOA), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Université Quebec, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), AUTRES, Astronomical Observatory of Kiev, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Laboratoire SUBATECH Nantes (SUBATECH), Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Padova (OAPD), Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], Argelander Institute for Astronomy (AlfA), Rheinische Friedrich-Wilhelms-Universität Bonn, Leiden Observatory [Leiden], Universiteit Leiden, KIPAC, Stanford (KIPAC), Stanford University-SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory (SLAC), Stanford University, Institut des Sciences Moléculaires d'Orsay (ISMO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), University of Reading (UOR), NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC), Service de Physique Théorique (SPhT), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), European Space Agency (ESA), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), University of Oxford [Oxford]-University of Oxford [Oxford], École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Université de Montréal [Montréal], Département d'Electronique, des Détecteurs et d'Informatique (ex SEDI) (DEDI), National Observatory of Athens, Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing, Universiteit Leiden [Leiden], Stanford University [Stanford]-SLAC, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université de Nantes (UN)-Mines Nantes (Mines Nantes), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), California Institute of Technology (CALTECH)-NASA, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-École normale supérieure - Lyon (ENS Lyon), Pierre, M., Pacaud, F., Adami, C., Alis, S., Altieri, B., Baran, N., Benoist, C., Birkinshaw, M., Bongiorno, A., Bremer, M.N., Brusa, M., Butler, A., Ciliegi, P., Chiappetti, L., Clerc, N., Corasaniti, P.S., Coupon, J., De Breuck, C., Democles, J., Desai, S., Delhaize, J., Devriendt, J., Dubois, Y., Eckert, D., Elyiv, A., Ettori, S., Evrard, A., Faccioli, L., Farahi, A., Ferrari, C., Finet, F., Fotopoulou, S., Fourmanoit, N., Gandhi, P., Gastaldello, F., Gastaud, R., Georgantopoulos, I., Giles, P., Guennou, L., Guglielmo, V., Horellou, C., Husband, K., Huynh, M., Iovino, A., Kilbinger, M., Koulouridis, E., Lavoie, S., Le Brun, A.M.C., Le Fevre, J.P., Lidman, C., Lieu, M., Lin, C.A., Mantz, A., Maughan, B.J., Maurogordato, S., Mccarthy, I.G., Mcgee, S., Melin, J.B., Melnyk, O., Menanteau, F., Novak, M., Paltani, S., Plionis, M., Poggianti, B.M., Pomarede, D., Pompei, E., Ponman, T.J., Ramos-Ceja, M.E., Ranalli, P., Rapetti, D., Raychaudury, S., Reiprich, T.H., Rottgering, H., Rozo, E., Rykoff, E., Sadibekova, T., Santos, J., Sauvageot, J.L., Schimd, C., Sereno, M., Smith, G.P., Smolčić, V., Snowden, S., Spergel, D., Stanford, S., Surdej, J., Valageas, P., Valotti, A., Valtchanov, I., Vignali, C., Willis, J., Ziparo, F., ITA, FRA, DEU, ESP, BEL, CAN, and TUR
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Large-scale structure of Universe, PRIRODNE ZNANOSTI. Fizika. Astronomija i astrofizika, media_common.quotation_subject, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Table (information), X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, X-rays, general, large-scale structure of Universe, galaxies, clusters, surveys, general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, Electronic form, NATURAL SCIENCES. Physics. Astronomy and Astrophysics, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, media_common, QB, Physics, High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Photon statistics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Plan (archaeology), Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, X-rays: galaxies: cluster, Galaxy, Pathfinder, Sky, Space and Planetary Science, X-rays: galaxies: clusters, Dark energy, galaxies: clusters [X-rays], Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, X-rays: diffuse background, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the XXL Survey, the largest XMM programme totaling some 6.9 Ms to date and involving an international consortium of roughly 100 members. The XXL Survey covers two extragalactic areas of 25 deg2 each at a point-source sensitivity of ~ 5E-15 erg/sec/cm2 in the [0.5-2] keV band (completeness limit). The survey's main goals are to provide constraints on the dark energy equation of state from the space-time distribution of clusters of galaxies and to serve as a pathfinder for future, wide-area X-ray missions. We review science objectives, including cluster studies, AGN evolution, and large-scale structure, that are being conducted with the support of approximately 30 follow-up programmes. We describe the 542 XMM observations along with the associated multi-lambda and numerical simulation programmes. We give a detailed account of the X-ray processing steps and describe innovative tools being developed for the cosmological analysis. The paper provides a thorough evaluation of the X-ray data, including quality controls, photon statistics, exposure and background maps, and sky coverage. Source catalogue construction and multi-lambda associations are briefly described. This material will be the basis for the calculation of the cluster and AGN selection functions, critical elements of the cosmological and science analyses. The XXL multi-lambda data set will have a unique lasting legacy value for cosmological and extragalactic studies and will serve as a calibration resource for future dark energy studies with clusters and other X-ray selected sources. With the present article, we release the XMM XXL photon and smoothed images along with the corresponding exposure maps. The XMM XXL observation list (Table B.1) is available in electronic form at the CDS. The present paper is the first in a series reporting results of the XXL-XMM survey., Comment: 17 pages, accepted in A&A
Published: 2016

37. The XXL Survey: VI. The 1000 brightest X-ray point sources

Author: M. E. Ramos-Ceja, C. Adami, T. Sadibekova, Florian Pacaud, Dominique Eckert, Sophie Maurogordato, A. Iovino, L. Guennou, Matt S. Owers, Cathy Horellou, F. Ardila, Elias Koulouridis, Ivan K. Baldry, Christer Lidman, Andrii Elyiv, E. Pompei, Manolis Plionis, Stéphane Arnouts, Sinan Aliş, O. Melnyk, Marcella Brusa, Cristian Vignali, L. Faccioli, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Jon Willis, Seema Y Desai, Richard J. Tuffs, A. Stanford, Jochen Liske, Stéphane Paltani, Joseph J. Mohr, Malcolm N. Bremer, Angela Bongiorno, Marguerite Pierre, Enrico Piconcelli, Felipe Menanteau, Bianca M. Poggianti, L. Chiappetti, Piero Ranalli, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, CEA/DCC/DRRV/SCD, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Marcoule, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, University of Geneva [Switzerland], Lund Observatory, Lund University [Lund], National Observatory of Athens, Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), College of Computing (GATECH), Georgia Institute of Technology [Atlanta], Università di Bologna, Dipartimento di Astronomia, Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), INAF- Milano, Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, AUTRES, Astronomical Observatory of Kiev, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope Corporation (CFHT), National Research Council of Canada (NRC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-University of Hawai'i [Honolulu] (UH), INAF-IASF Milano, Department of Earth and Space Sciences [Göteborg], Chalmers University of Technology [Göteborg], Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Joseph Louis LAGRANGE (LAGRANGE), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Excellence Cluster Universe, excellence cluster centre, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), Ludwig-Maximilians-Universität München (LMU), Jet Propulsion Laboratory (JPL), NASA-California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Fotopoulou, S., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Ranalli, P., Ramos-Ceja, M.E., Faccioli, L., Plionis, M., Adami, C., Bongiorno, A., Brusa, M., Chiappetti, L., Desai, S., Elyiv, A., Lidman, C., Melnyk, O., Pierre, M., Piconcelli, E., Vignali, C., Alis, S., Ardila, F., Arnouts, S., Baldry, I., Bremer, M., Eckert, D., Guennou, L., Horellou, C., Iovino, A., Koulouridis, E., Liske, J., Maurogordato, S., Menanteau, F., Mohr, J.J., Owers, M., Poggianti, B., Pompei, E., Sadibekova, T., Stanford, A., Tuffs, R., Willis, J., Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS/NOA), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), Alma Mater Studiorum Università di Bologna [Bologna] (UNIBO), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, and Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Active galactic nucleus, Point source, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Infrarot-Astrophysik - Abteilung Hofmann, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Parameter space, catalogs, surveys, galaxies: active, X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Supercluster, general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Luminosity function, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, QB, Photometric redshift, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), active [galaxies], Catalog, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: X-ray extragalactic surveys are ideal laboratories for the study of the evolution and clustering of active galactic nuclei (AGN). The XXL Survey spans two fields of a combined 50 $deg^2$ observed for more than 6Ms with XMM-Newton, occupying the parameter space between deep surveys and very wide area surveys; at the same time it benefits from a wealth of ancillary data. This paper marks the first release of the XXL point source catalogue selected in the 2-10 keV energy band with limiting flux $F_{2-10keV}=4.8\cdot10^{-14}\rm{erg\,s^{-1}\,cm^{-2}}$. We use both public and proprietary data sets to identify the counterparts of the X-ray point-like sources and improved upon the photometric redshift determination for AGN by applying a Random Forest classification trained to identify for each object the optimal photometric redshift model library. We also assign a probability to each source to be a star or an outlier. We model with Bayesian analysis the X-ray spectra assuming a power-law model with the presence of an absorbing medium. We find an average unabsorbed photon index of $\Gamma=1.85$ and average hydrogen column density $\log{N_{H}}=21.07 cm^{-2}$. We find no trend of $\Gamma$ or $N_H$ with redshift and a fraction of 26% absorbed sources ($\log N_{H}>22$). We show that the XXL-1000-AGN number counts extended the number counts of the COSMOS survey to higher fluxes and are fully consistent with the Euclidean expectation. We constrain the intrinsic luminosity function of AGN in the 2-10 keV energy band where the unabsorbed X-ray flux is estimated from the X-ray spectral fit up to z=3. Finally, we demonstrate the presence of a supercluster size structure at redshift 0.14, identified by means of percolation analysis of the XXL-1000-AGN sample. The XXL survey, reaching a medium flux limit and covering a wide area is a stepping stone between current deep fields and planned wide area surveys., Comment: 29 pages, 20 figures, 120 figures in the appendix, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2016

38. The XXL Survey XIV. AAOmega Redshifts for the Southern XXL Field

Author: C. Adami, François Finet, O. Melnyk, Andy D. Goulding, Jean Surdej, Matt S. Owers, L. Chiappetti, Christopher Lidman, Manolis Plionis, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Andrii Elyiv, F. Ardila, Francesca Civano, T. Sadibekova, Marguerite Pierre, Elias Koulouridis, Florian Pacaud, Felipe Menanteau, AUTRES, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), INAF- Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Institut d'Astrophysique et de Géophysique [Liège], Université de Liège, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, National Observatory of Athens, Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing, Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astronomical Observatory of Kiev, Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, CEA/DCC/DRRV/SCD, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Marcoule, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute for Space Applications and Remote Sensing (ISARS/NOA), National Observatory of Athens (NOA), and Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112))
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, law.invention, Telescope, catalogs, surveys, galaxies: clusters: general, galaxies: quasars: general, law, 0103 physical sciences, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Spectrograph, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astronomy, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present a catalogue containing the redshifts of 3,660 X-ray selected targets in the XXL southern field. The redshifts were obtained with the AAOmega spectrograph and 2dF fibre positioner on the Anglo-Australian Telescope. The catalogue contains 1,515 broad line AGN, 528 stars, and redshifts for 41 out of the 49 brightest X-ray selected clusters in the XXL southern field., Comment: 8 pages, 4 figures, PASA in press
Published: 2016

39. The Lyman continuum escape fraction of galaxies at z=3.3 in the VUDS-LBC/COSMOS field

Author: S. de la Torre, C. Lopez-Sanjuan, Nick Scoville, V. Le Brun, S. Paltani, Andrea Bonchi, Janine Pforr, S. Bardelli, R. Gerbasi, A. Durkalec, M. Giavalisco, Peter Capak, Alessandro Cimatti, Brian C. Lemaux, Ricardo Amorín, E. Zucca, L. A. M. Tasca, Nimish P. Hathi, D. Vergani, Anton M. Koekemoer, D. Maccagni, E. Giallongo, Andrea Grazian, Letizia P. Cassarà, Fabrizio Fiore, B. Ribeiro, B. Garilli, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Eros Vanzella, Diego Paris, Sotiria Fotopoulou, James Dunlop, T. Contini, Stéphane Charlot, Laura Pentericci, V. Sommariva, Marco Scodeggio, Emiliano Merlin, G. Zamorani, P. Santini, Adriano Fontana, Lucia Guaita, Paolo Cassata, P. W. Wang, Marco Castellano, Olivier Ilbert, Daniel Schaerer, Yannick Mellier, L. Tresse, Rajat M. Thomas, K. Boutsia, Margherita Talia, O. Le Fevre, S. Pilo, O. Cucciati, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Roma (OAR), Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), AUTRES, Oncology Institute of Southern Switzerland, INAF - Osservatorio Astronomico di Bologna (OABO), Department of Astronomy [Amherst], University of Massachusetts [Amherst] (UMass Amherst), University of Massachusetts System (UMASS)-University of Massachusetts System (UMASS), ISDC Data Centre for Astrophysics, Université de Genève = University of Geneva (UNIGE), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), INAF- Milano, INAF - Osservatorio Astrofisico di Arcetri (OAA), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA), Max-Planck-Gesellschaft, SUPA, Institute for Astronomy, University of Edinburgh, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Space Telescope Science Institute (STSci), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of cosmology and gravitation, University of Portsmouth, California Institute of Technology (CALTECH), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), University of Geneva [Switzerland], Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Grazian, A., Giallongo, E., Gerbasi, R., Fiore, F., Fontana, A., Le Fèvre, O., Pentericci, L., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Tasca, L.A.M., Thomas, R., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Giavalisco, M., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Lemaux, B.C., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Bonchi, A., Boutsia, K., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., De La Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Guaita, L., Koekemoer, A., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Merlin, E., Paris, D., Pforr, J., Pilo, S., Santini, P., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., and Wang, P.W.
Subjects: Population, Continuum (design consultancy), Flux, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxies: distances and redshifts, Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: photometry, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxies: distances and redshift, 10. No inequality, education, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Reionization, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, education.field_of_study, COSMIC cancer database, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), Halo, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]
Abstract: The Lyman continuum (LyC) flux escaping from high-z galaxies into the IGM is a fundamental quantity to understand the physical processes involved in the reionization epoch. We have investigated a sample of star-forming galaxies at z~3.3 in order to search for possible detections of LyC photons escaping from galaxy halos. UV deep imaging in the COSMOS field obtained with the prime focus camera LBC at the LBT telescope was used together with a catalog of spectroscopic redshifts obtained by the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS) to build a sample of 45 galaxies at z~3.3 with L>0.5L*. We obtained deep LBC images of galaxies with spectroscopic redshifts in the interval 3.2728% but a detailed analysis of their properties reveals that, with the exception of two marginal detections (S/N~2) in the U band, all the other 8 galaxies are most likely contaminated by the UV flux of low-z interlopers located close to the high-z targets. The average escape fraction derived from the stacking of the cleaned sample was constrained to fesc_rel0.5L*) star-forming galaxies alone are unable to sustain the level of ionization observed in the cosmic IGM at z~3. Star-forming galaxies at higher redshift and at fainter luminosities (L<, Comment: 21 pages, 9 figures. Accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2016

40. The 2-10 keV unabsorbed luminosity function of AGN from the LSS, CDFS, and COSMOS surveys

Author: Florian Pacaud, E. Plionis, Stéphane Paltani, Nico Cappelluti, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Kazushi Iwasawa, Andrea Comastri, Piero Ranalli, Francisco J. Carrera, Li-Ting Hsu, Mara Salvato, Roberto Gilli, I. Georgantopoulos, C. Vignali, L. Chiappetti, Elias Koulouridis, N. Clerc, Marguerite Pierre, Ranalli, P., Koulouridis, E., Georgantopoulos, I., Fotopoulou, S., Hsu, L.-T., Salvato, M., Comastri, A., Pierre, M., Cappelluti, N., Carrera, F.J., Chiappetti, L., Clerc, N., Gilli, R., Iwasawa, K., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Plionis, E., Vignali, C., Ministerio de Economía y Competitividad (España), General Secretariat of Research and Technology (Greece), and Universitat de Barcelona
Subjects: statistical [Methods], Active galactic nucleus, active [Galaxies], Hubble Deep Field, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Surveys, X-rays: general, 01 natural sciences, Power law, Luminosity, general [X-rays], 0103 physical sciences, X-rays, Survey, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Methods: statistical, Luminosity function (astronomy), Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Galaxies: active, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Parametric model, Galàxies actives, Active galaxies, Probability distribution, Raigs X
Abstract: The XMM-Large scale structure (XMM-LSS), XMM-Cosmological evolution survey (XMM-COSMOS), and XMM-Chandra deep field south (XMM-CDFS) surveys are complementary in terms of sky coverage and depth. Together, they form a clean sample with the least possible variance in instrument effective areas and point spread function. Therefore this is one of the best samples available to determine the 2-10 keV luminosity function of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and their evolution. The samples and the relevant corrections for incompleteness are described. A total of 2887 AGN is used to build the LF in the luminosity interval 10-10 erg s and in the redshift interval 0.001-4. A new method to correct for absorption by considering the probability distribution for the column density conditioned on the hardness ratio is presented. The binned luminosity function and its evolution is determined with a variant of the Page-Carrera method, which is improved to include corrections for absorption and to account for the full probability distribution of photometric redshifts. Parametric models, namely a double power law with luminosity and density evolution (LADE) or luminosity-dependent density evolution (LDDE), are explored using Bayesian inference. We introduce the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) to compare the models and estimate their predictive power. Our data are best described by the LADE model, as hinted by the WAIC indicator. We also explore the recently proposed 15-parameter extended LDDE model and find that this extension is not supported by our data. The strength of our method is that it provides unabsorbed, non-parametric estimates, credible intervals for luminosity function parameters, and a model choice based on predictive power for future data., P.R. acknowledges a grant from the Greek General Secretariat of Research and Technology in the framework of the programme Support of Postdoctoral Researchers. F.J.C. acknowledges support by the Spanish ministry of Economy and Competitiveness through the grant AYA2012-31447.
Published: 2016

41. The VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey: LyÎ± emission and stellar populations of star-forming galaxies at 2 < z < 2.5

Author: Marco Castellano, Yannick Mellier, Rajat M. Thomas, O. Le Fevre, Sylvain de la Torre, B. Ribeiro, A. Durkalec, M. Giavalisco, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Adriano Fontana, O. Cucciati, L. Tresse, Laura Pentericci, J. G. Cuby, Letizia P. Cassarà, Anton M. Koekemoer, Andrea Grazian, V. Le Brun, O. Ilbert, G. Zamorani, Daniela Vergani, E. Zucca, Brian Lemaux, Peter Capak, D. Maccagni, Ricardo Amorín, C. Lopez-Sanjuan, Nick Scoville, Lucia Guaita, Nimish P. Hathi, Daniel Schaerer, James Dunlop, E. Vanzella, T. Contini, S. Bardelli, Marco Scodeggio, P. W. Wang, Mara Salvato, Stéphane Charlot, Janine Pforr, S. Paltani, V. Sommariva, Margherita Talia, L. A. M. Tasca, Paolo Cassata, B. Garilli, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Alessandro Cimatti, Hathi, N.P., Le Fèvre, O., Ilbert, O., Cassata, P., Tasca, L.A.M., Lemaux, B.C., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Guaita, L., Koekemoer, A., Paltani, S., Pforr, J., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Cuby, J.G., De La Torre, S., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., and Wang, P.W.
Subjects: Physics, Stellar population, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Extinction (astronomy), Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: evolution, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxies: formation, 01 natural sciences, Spectral line, Galaxy, Redshift, 13. Climate action, Space and Planetary Science, 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Spectral energy distribution, Alpha decay, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics
Abstract: The aim of this paper is to investigate spectral and photometric properties of 854 faint (IAB ≲ 25 mag) star-forming galaxies (SFGs) at 2 < z < 2.5 using the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS) spectroscopic data and deep multi-wavelength photometric data in three extensively studied extragalactic fields (ECDFS, VVDS, COSMOS). These SFGs were targeted for spectroscopy as a result of their photometric redshifts. The VUDS spectra are used to measure the UV spectral slopes (β) as well as Lyα equivalent widths (EW). On average, the spectroscopically measured β (-1.36 ± 0.02), is comparable to the photometrically measured β (-1.32 ± 0.02), and has smaller measurement uncertainties. The positive correlation of β with the spectral energy distribution (SED)-based measurement of dust extinction Es(B-V) emphasizes the importance of β as an alternative dust indicator at high redshifts. To make a proper comparison, we divide these SFGs into three subgroups based on their rest-frame Lyα EW: SFGs with no Lyα emission (SFGN; EW ≤ 0 Å), SFGs with Lyα emission (SFGL; EW > 0 Å), and Lyα emitters (LAEs; EW ≥ 20 Å). The fraction of LAEs at these redshifts is ~10%, which is consistent with previous observations. We compared best-fitSED-estimated stellar parameters of the SFGN, SFGL and LAE samples. For the luminosities probed here (~ L∗), we find that galaxies with and without Lyα in emission have small but significant differences in their SED-based properties. We find that LAEs have less dust, and lower star-formation rates (SFR) compared to non-LAEs. We also find that LAEs are less massive compared to non-LAEs, though the difference is smaller and less significant compared to the SFR and Es(B-V). When we divide the LAEs according to their Spitzer/IRAC 3.6 μm fluxes, we find that the fraction of IRAC-detected (m3.6 ≲ 25 mag) LAEs is much higher than the fraction of IRAC-detected narrow band (NB)-selected LAEs at z ≃ 2-3. This could imply that UV-selected LAEs host a more evolved stellar population, which represents a later stage of galaxy evolution, compared to NB-selected LAEs. Based on data obtained with the European Southern Observatory Very Large Telescope, Paranal, Chile, under Large Program 185.A-0791.
Published: 2016

42. The 2-10 keV unabsorbed luminosity function of AGN from the XMM-Newton LSS, CDFS and COSMOS surveys

Author: Ranalli, P., Koulouridis, E., Georgantopoulos, I., Sotiria Fotopoulou, Hsu, L. -T, Salvato, M., Comastri, A., Pierre, M., Cappelluti, N., Carrera, F. J., Chiappetti, L., Clerc, N., Gilli, R., Iwasawa, K., Pacaud, F., Paltani, S., Plionis, E., and Vignali, C.
Subjects: High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE), Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)
Abstract: The XMM-LSS, XMM-COSMOS, and XMM-CDFS surveys are complementary in terms of sky coverage and depth. Together, they form a clean sample with the least possible variance in instrument effective areas and PSF. Therefore this is one of the best samples available to determine the 2-10 keV luminosity function of AGN and its evolution. The samples and the relevant corrections for incompleteness are described. A total of 2887 AGN is used to build the LF in the luminosity interval 10^42-10^46 erg/s, and in the redshift interval 0.001-4. A new method to correct for absorption by considering the probability distribution for the column density conditioned on the hardness ratio is presented. The binned luminosity function and its evolution is determined with a variant of the Page-Carrera method, improved to include corrections for absorption and to account for the full probability distribution of photometric redshifts. Parametric models, namely a double power-law with LADE or LDDE evolution, are explored using Bayesian inference. We introduce the Watanabe-Akaike information criterion (WAIC) to compare the models and estimate their predictive power. Our data are best described by the LADE model, as hinted by the WAIC indicator. We also explore the 15-parameter extended LDDE model recently proposed by Ueda et al., and find that this extension is not supported by our data. The strength of our method is that it provides: un-absorbed non-parametric estimates; credible intervals for luminosity function parameters; model choice according to which one has more predictive power for future data., In press on A&A. The revised version corrects typos and the LF normalisations in tables 1,2,5 and figs.9-12, which were on an incorrect scale. Online material available at http://www.astro.lu.se/~piero/xlf/xlf-paper-tables2.tgz . The software is available on the author's website http://www.astro.lu.se/~piero/LFTools/index.html and on github: https://github.com/piero-ranalli/LFTools
Published: 2015

43. CPz: Classification-aided photometric-redshift estimation

Author: Stéphane Paltani and Sotiria Fotopoulou
Subjects: Physics, Active galactic nucleus, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Photometry (optics), Stars, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), 0103 physical sciences, Galaxy formation and evolution, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Spectral energy distribution, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift
Abstract: Broadband photometry offers a time and cost effective method to reconstruct the continuum emission of celestial objects. Thus, photometric redshift estimation has supported the scientific exploitation of extragalactic multiwavelength surveys for more than twenty years. In the era of precision cosmology, with the upcoming Euclid and LSST surveys, very tight constraints are put on the expected performance of photometric redshift estimation using broadband photometry, thus new methods have to be developed in order to reach the required performance. We present a novel automatic method of optimizing photometric redshift performance, the classification-aided photometric redshift estimation (CPz). The main feature of CPz is the unified treatment of all classes of objects detected in extragalactic surveys: galaxies of any type (passive, starforming and starbursts), active galactic nuclei (AGN), quasi-stellar objects (QSO), stars and also includes the identification of potential photometric redshift catastrophic outliers. The method operates in three stages. First, the photometric catalog is confronted with star, galaxy and QSO model templates by means of spectral energy distribution fitting. Second, three machine-learning classifiers are used to identify 1) the probability of each source to be a star, 2) the optimal photometric redshift model library set-up for each source and 3) the probability to be a photometric redshift catastrophic outlier. Lastly, the final sample is assembled by identifying the probability thresholds to be applied on the outcome of each of the three classifiers. We apply our method to the near-infrared VISTA public surveys, matched with optical photometry from CFHTLS, KIDS and SDSS, mid-infrared WISE photometry. We show that CPz offers improved photometric redshift performance for both normal galaxies and AGN without the need for extra X-ray information. [abridged], 20 pages, 41 figures, accepted for publication in A&A
Published: 2018

44. The XXL Survey X: K-band luminosity - weak-lensing mass relation for groups and clusters of galaxies

Author: N. Clerc, C. Adami, Florian Pacaud, Sotiria Fotopoulou, T. Sadibekova, F. Ziparo, Graham P. Smith, Jon Willis, Sean L. McGee, Christopher Lidman, L. Chiappetti, Marguerite Pierre, Paul Giles, Sarah L. Mulroy, B. J. Maughan, M. Lieu, S. Lavoie, P. Hudelot, Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), University of Reading (UOR), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, AUTRES, Université Quebec, Université du Québec à Chicoutimi (UQAC), Ecosystèmes aquatiques et changements globaux (UR EABX), Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), INAF- Milano, Istituto Nazionale di Astrofisica (INAF), B. Maughan, CEA/DCC/DRRV/SCD, Commissariat à l'Energie Atomique, Marcoule, Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA), Département d'Astrophysique, de physique des Particules, de physique Nucléaire et de l'Instrumentation Associée (DAPNIA), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Luminosity, weak [gravitational lensing], 0103 physical sciences, Cluster (physics), clusters: general [galaxies], Brightest cluster galaxy, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Weak gravitational lensing, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, groups: general [galaxies], 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Sigma, Astronomy and Astrophysics, State (functional analysis), stellar content [galaxies], Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Galaxy, Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), photometry [galaxies], galaxies: clusters [X-rays], Halo, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We present the K-band luminosity-halo mass relation, $L_{K,500}-M_{500,WL}$, for a subsample of 20 of the 100 brightest clusters in the XXL Survey observed with WIRCam at the Canada-France-Hawaii Telescope (CFHT). For the first time, we have measured this relation via weak-lensing analysis down to $M_{500,WL} =3.5 \times 10^{13}\,M_\odot$. This allows us to investigate whether the slope of the $L_K-M$ relation is different for groups and clusters, as seen in other works. The clusters in our sample span a wide range in mass, $M_{500,WL} =0.35-12.10 \times 10^{14}\,M_\odot$, at $0, Comment: A&A, in press
Published: 2015
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45. Stellar mass to halo mass relation from galaxy clustering in VUDS: A high star formation efficiency at z â‰ 3 â†

Author: O. Cucciati, Yannick Mellier, S. de la Torre, A. Grazian, Paolo Cassata, Rajat M. Thomas, Marco Scodeggio, A. Cimatti, M. Giavalisco, Y. Taniguchi, D. Maccagni, Janine Pforr, E. Zucca, M. Castellano, Mara Salvato, V. Sommariva, C. Lopez-Sanjuan, Nick Scoville, G. Zamorani, A. Pollo, E. Vanzella, J. G. Cuby, James Dunlop, Daniel Schaerer, Ricardo Amorín, S. Bardelli, D. Vergani, Adriano Fontana, Peter Capak, T. Contini, L. A. M. Tasca, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Laura Pentericci, Anton M. Koekemoer, Margherita Talia, Stéphane Charlot, Brian Lemaux, B. Ribeiro, A. Durkalec, O. Le Fevre, Letizia P. Cassarà, P. W. Wang, Nimish P. Hathi, L. Tresse, V. Le Brun, O. Ilbert, S. Paltani, B. Garilli, Durkalec, A., Le Fèvre, O., De La Torre, S., Pollo, A., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Lemaux, B.C., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Tasca, L.A.M., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cucciati, O., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Capak, P., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Cuby, J.G., Dunlop, J., Fotopoulou, S., Koekemoer, A., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Pforr, J., Salvato, M., Scoville, N., Taniguchi, Y., and Wang, P.W.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, Large-scale structure of Universe, statistical [methods], FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Halo occupation distribution, Early Universe, 0103 physical sciences, Astrophysics::Solar and Stellar Astrophysics, Galaxies: evolution, Methods: statistical, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, evolution [galaxies], Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Physics, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Star formation, early Universe, Mass ratio, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Galaxy, Dark matter halo, Stars, large-scale structure of Universe, Astrophysics::Earth and Planetary Astrophysics, Halo, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: The relation between the galaxy stellar mass M_star and the dark matter halo mass M_h gives important information on the efficiency in forming stars and assembling stellar mass in galaxies. We present the stellar mass to halo mass ratio (SMHR) measurements at redshifts 2, Comment: 4 pages, 2 figures, submitted to A&A
Published: 2015

46. Detailed Shape and Evolutionary Behavior of the X-ray Luminosity Function of Active Galactic Nuclei

Author: Masayuki Akiyama, Hermann Brunner, Roberto Gilli, Martin Elvis, Marcella Brusa, Giorgio Lanzuisi, Simonetta Puccetti, Andrea Comastri, Nico Cappelluti, Takamitsu Miyaji, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Anton M. Koekemoer, Andrea Merloni, Cristian Vignali, Mara Salvato, Guenther Hasinger, Richard E. Griffiths, Francesca Civano, Yoshihiro Ueda, Miyaji T., Hasinger G., Salvato M., Brusa M., Cappelluti N., Civano F., Puccetti S., Elvis M., Brunner H., Fotopoulou S., Ueda Y., Griffiths R.E., Koekemoer A.M., Akiyama M., Comastri A., Gilli R., Lanzuisi G., Merloni A., Vignali C., ITA, and USA
Subjects: GALAXIES: MASS FUNCTION, Active galactic nucleus, Astrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Flattening, Luminosity, quasars: general, 0103 physical sciences, GALAXIES: LUMINOSITY FUNCTION, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, Photometric redshift, Luminosity function (astronomy), Physics, Number density, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, X-rays: galaxies, Orders of magnitude (time), Space and Planetary Science, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA)
Abstract: We construct the rest-frame 2--10 keV intrinsic X-ray luminosity function of Active Galactic Nuclei (AGNs) from a combination of X-ray surveys from the all-sky Swift BAT survey to the Chandra Deep Field-South. We use ~3200 AGNs in our analysis, which covers six orders of magnitude in flux. The inclusion of the XMM and Chandra COSMOS data has allowed us to investigate the detailed behavior of the XLF and evolution. In deriving our XLF, we take into account realistic AGN spectrum templates, absorption corrections, and probability density distributions in photometric redshift. We present an analytical expression for the overall behavior of the XLF in terms of the luminosity-dependent density evolution, smoothed two power-law expressions in 11 redshift shells, three-segment power-law expression of the number density evolution in four luminosity classes, and binned XLF. We observe a sudden flattening of the low luminosity end slope of the XLF slope at z>~0.6. Detailed structures of the AGN downsizing have been also revealed, where the number density curves have two clear breaks at all luminosity classes above log LX>43. The two break structure is suggestive of two-phase AGN evolution, consisting of major merger triggering and secular processes., 39 Pages, 9 figures. ApJ in press
Published: 2015
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47. Discovery of a rich proto-cluster at z = 2.9 and associated diffuse cold gas in the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS)

Author: Letizia P. Cassarà, Alessandro Cimatti, C. Moreau, Mara Salvato, V. Le Brun, Paolo Cassata, Margherita Talia, Nimish P. Hathi, O. Le Fèvre, Laurence Tresse, S. de la Torre, S. Bardelli, A. Durkalec, Sotiria Fotopoulou, C. López-Sanjuan, Adriano Fontana, P. W. Wang, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Eros Vanzella, R. Thomas, Thierry Contini, M. Giavalisco, Peter Capak, Stephane Charlot, E. Zucca, Andrea Grazian, B. Ribeiro, G. Zamorani, Olga Cucciati, Yannick Mellier, D. Maccagni, Stéphane Paltani, Marco Castellano, M. Scodeggio, Olivier Ilbert, Ricardo Amorín, Laura Pentericci, N. Z. Scoville, Bianca Garilli, Daniela Vergani, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Brian C. Lemaux, V. Sommariva, Lidia Tasca, Daniel Schaerer, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Cucciati, O., Zamorani, G., Lemaux, B.C., Bardelli, S., Cimatti, A., Le Fèvre, O., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Tasca, L.A.M., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zucca, E., Amorin, R., Capak, P., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cuby, J.G., De La Torre, S., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Moreau, C., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Salvato, M., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Taniguchi, Y., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Wang, P.W., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Fotopoulou, S., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Scoville, N., and Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Physics, Line-of-sight, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, Radio galaxy, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Rest frame, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Cosmology: observations, Galaxies: high-redshift, Large-scale structure of Universe, Space and Planetary Science, Cosmology: observation, Redshift, Galaxy, galaxies: high-redshift, cosmology: observations, Galaxy formation and evolution, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Halo, large-scale structure of Universe, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: [Abridged] We characterise a massive proto-cluster at z=2.895 that we found in the COSMOS field using the spectroscopic sample of the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS). This is one of the rare structures at z~3 not identified around AGNs or radio galaxies, so it is an ideal laboratory to study galaxy formation in dense environments. The structure comprises 12 galaxies with secure spectroscopic redshift in an area of 7'x8', in a z bin of Dz=0.016. The measured galaxy number overdensity is delta_g=12+/-2. This overdensity has total mass of M~8.1x10^(14)M_sun in a volume of 13x15x17 Mpc^3. Simulations indicate that such an overdensity at z~2.9 is a proto-cluster that will collapse in a cluster of total mass M~2.5x10^(15)M_sun at z=0. We compare the properties of the galaxies within the overdensity with a control sample at the same z but outside the overdensity. We did not find any statistically significant difference between the properties (stellar mass, SFR, sSFR, NUV-r, r-K) of the galaxies inside and outside the overdensity. The stacked spectrum of galaxies in the overdensity background shows a significant absorption feature at the wavelength of Lya redshifted at z=2.895 (lambda=4736 A), with a rest frame EW = 4+/- 1.4 A. Stacking only background galaxies without intervening sources at z~2.9 along their line of sight, we find that this absorption feature has a rest frame EW of 10.8+/-3.7 A, with a detection S/N of ~4. These EW values imply a high column density (N(HI)~3-20x10^(19)cm^(-2)), consistent with a scenario where such absorption is due to intervening cold gas streams, falling into the halo potential wells of the proto-cluster galaxies. However, we cannot exclude the hypothesis that this absorption is due to the diffuse gas within the overdensity., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, accepted for publication in A&A (revised version after referee's comments and language editing)
Published: 2014

48. Discovering extremely compact and metal-poor, star-forming dwarf galaxies out to z ~ 0.9 in the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey

Author: D. Maccagni, C. López-Sanjuan, Stéphane Paltani, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Eros Vanzella, Daniela Vergani, Andrea Grazian, O. Le Fèvre, Thierry Contini, Ricardo Amorín, Margherita Talia, M. Giavalisco, Nimish P. Hathi, Peter Capak, G. Zamorani, S. Bardelli, V. Le Brun, Rajat M. Thomas, E. Zucca, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Letizia P. Cassarà, S. de la Torre, P. Cassata, M. Scodeggio, Brian C. Lemaux, N. Z. Scoville, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Alessandro Cimatti, Bianca Garilli, Adriano Fontana, Laura Pentericci, Laurence Tresse, Mara Salvato, P. W. Wang, B. Ribeiro, Lidia Tasca, A. Durkalec, C. Moreau, V. Sommariva, Daniel Schaerer, Yannick Mellier, Olga Cucciati, Stephane Charlot, Marco Castellano, Olivier Ilbert, Amorín, R., Sommariva, V., Castellano, M., Grazian, A., Tasca, L.A.M., Fontana, A., Pentericci, L., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Le Fèvre, O., Maccagni, D., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zamorani, G., Zucca, E., Bardelli, S., Capak, P., Cassará, L.P., Cimatti, A., Cuby, J.G., Cucciati, O., De La Torre, S., Durkalec, A., Giavalisco, M., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Lemaux, B.C., Moreau, C., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Salvato, M., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Talia, M., Taniguchi, Y., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Wang, P.W., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Fotopoulou, S., López-Sanjuan, C., Mellier, Y., Scoville, N., Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 268107,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100224,EARLY(2011), European Project: 312725,EC:FP7:SPA,FP7-SPACE-2012-1,ASTRODEEP(2013), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), and Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)
Subjects: Galaxies: fundamental parameters, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), Stellar mass, Galaxies: abundances, Galaxies: fundamental parameter, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Photometry (optics), Ionization, Galaxies: dwarf, Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: high-redshift, Galaxies: starburst, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, [INFO]Computer Science [cs], Emission spectrum, Dwarf galaxy, Physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Astrophysics - Astrophysics of Galaxies, Redshift, Galaxy, Astrophysics of Galaxies (astro-ph.GA), [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], Galaxies: abundance, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We report the discovery of 31 low-luminosity (-14.5 > M_{AB}(B) > -18.8), extreme emission line galaxies (EELGs) at 0.2 < z < 0.9 identified by their unusually high rest-frame equivalent widths (100 < EW[OIII] < 1700 A) as part of the VIMOS Ultra Deep Survey (VUDS). VIMOS optical spectra of unprecedented sensitivity ($I_{AB}$ ~ 25 mag) along with multiwavelength photometry and HST imaging are used to investigate spectrophotometric properties of this unique sample and explore, for the first time, the very low stellar mass end (M* < 10^8 M$_{\odot}$) of the luminosity-metallicity (LZR) and mass-metallicity (MZR) relations at z < 1. Characterized by their extreme compactness (R50 < 1 kpc), low stellar mass and enhanced specific star formation rates (SFR/M* ~ 10^{-9} - 10^{-7} yr^{-1}), the VUDS EELGs are blue dwarf galaxies likely experiencing the first stages of a vigorous galaxy-wide starburst. Using T_e-sensitive direct and strong-line methods, we find that VUDS EELGs are low-metallicity (7.5 < 12+log(O/H) < 8.3) galaxies with high ionization conditions, including at least three EELGs showing HeII 4686A emission and four EELGs of extremely metal-poor (, Letter in A&A 568, L8 (2014). This replacement matches the published version
Published: 2014

49. VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS): Witnessing the Assembly of a Massive Cluster at z~3.3

Author: R. Thomas, Andrea Grazian, Jean-Gabriel Cuby, Daniel Schaerer, S. de la Torre, E. Zucca, Laurence Tresse, Letizia P. Cassarà, Dale D. Kocevski, Marco Castellano, Olivier Ilbert, D. Maccagni, N. Z. Scoville, Ricardo Amorín, Andrea Cimatti, T. Sadibekova, Stéphane Paltani, V. Sommariva, Sotiria Fotopoulou, Lidia Tasca, Stephane Charlot, Thierry Contini, C. López-Sanjuan, A. Durkalec, Margherita Talia, Yannick Mellier, Bianca Garilli, G. Zamorani, S. Bardelli, Olga Cucciati, L. M. Lubin, Daniela Vergani, Adriano Fontana, M. Scodeggio, B. Ribeiro, M. Giavalisco, P. W. Wang, Laura Pentericci, Peter Capak, Nimish P. Hathi, Brian C. Lemaux, V. Le Brun, Paolo Cassata, Yoshiaki Taniguchi, Eros Vanzella, C. Moreau, O. Le Fèvre, Roy R. Gal, Mara Salvato, Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut d'Astrophysique de Paris (IAP), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de recherche en astrophysique et planétologie (IRAP), Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université de Toulouse (UT)-Université de Toulouse (UT)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Météo-France -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), European Project: 268107,EC:FP7:ERC,ERC-2010-AdG_20100224,EARLY(2011), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Université Toulouse III - Paul Sabatier (UT3), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Observatoire Midi-Pyrénées (OMP), Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Météo France-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Astrophysique Interprétation Modélisation (AIM (UMR_7158 / UMR_E_9005 / UM_112)), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7), Université Fédérale Toulouse Midi-Pyrénées-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Lemaux, B.C., Cucciati, O., Tasca, L.A.M., Le Fèvre, O., Zamorani, G., Cassata, P., Garilli, B., Le Brun, V., Maccagni, D., Pentericci, L., Thomas, R., Vanzella, E., Zucca, E., Amorín, R., Bardelli, S., Capak, P., Cassarà, L.P., Castellano, M., Cimatti, A., Cuby, J.G., De La Torre, S., Durkalec, A., Fontana, A., Giavalisco, M., Grazian, A., Hathi, N.P., Ilbert, O., Moreau, C., Paltani, S., Ribeiro, B., Salvato, M., Schaerer, D., Scodeggio, M., Sommariva, V., Talia, M., Taniguchi, Y., Tresse, L., Vergani, D., Wang, P.W., Charlot, S., Contini, T., Fotopoulou, S., Gal, R.R., Kocevski, D.D., López-Sanjuan, C., Lubin, L.M., Mellier, Y., Sadibekova, T., and Scoville, N.
Subjects: Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), media_common.quotation_subject, galaxies: active, FOS: Physical sciences, Astrophysics, Spectral line, techniques: photometric, galaxies: high-redshift, Coma Cluster, Galaxies: active, Galaxies: clusters: general, Galaxies: evolution, Galaxies: high-redshift, Techniques: photometric, Techniques: spectroscopic, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Space and Planetary Science, Photometric redshift, media_common, Physics, Star formation, Astronomy and Astrophysic, Redshift, Galaxy, Universe, galaxies: clusters: general, Halo, galaxies: evolution, [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], techniques: spectroscopic, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: Using new spectroscopic observations obtained as part of the VIMOS Ultra-Deep Survey (VUDS), we perform a systematic search for overdense environments in the early universe ($z>2$) and report here on the discovery of Cl J0227-0421, a massive protocluster at $z=3.29$. This protocluster is characterized by both the large overdensity of spectroscopically confirmed members, $\delta_{gal}=10.5\pm2.8$, and a significant overdensity in photometric redshift members. The halo mass of this protocluster is estimated, by a variety of methods, to be roughly $3\times10^{14}$ $\mathcal{M}_{\odot}$ at $z\sim3.3$, which, evolved to $z=0$ results in a halo mass rivaling or exceeding that of the Coma cluster. The properties of 19 spectroscopically confirmed member galaxies are compared with a large sample of VUDS/VVDS galaxies in lower density field environments at similar redshifts. We find tentative evidence for an excess of redder, brighter, and more massive galaxies within the confines of the protocluster relative to the field population, which suggests that we may be observing the beginning of environmentally-induced quenching. The properties of these galaxies are investigated, including a discussion of the brightest protocluster galaxy which appears to be undergoing vigorous coeval nuclear and starburst activity. The remaining member galaxies appear to have characteristics which are largely similar to the field population. Though we find weaker evidence of the suppression of the median star formation rates amongst and differences in stacked spectra of member galaxies with respect to the field, we defer any conclusions of these trends to future work with the ensemble of protostructures that are found in the full VUDS sample., Comment: 23 pages, 15 figures, 3 tables, accepted for publication in A&A after minor changes, v3/v4 contains an additional online table and minor topical changes
Published: 2014
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50. A Large Scale Structure at Redshift 1.71 in the Lockman Hole

Author: Hyewon Suh, Kentaro Aoki, J. Patrick Henry, Mara Salvato, Guenther Hasinger, Masayuki Tanaka, Sotiria Fotopoulou, and Alexis Finoguenov
Subjects: Physics, Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), 010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciences, Plane (geometry), Radio galaxy, media_common.quotation_subject, FOS: Physical sciences, Astronomy and Astrophysics, Astrophysics, Astrophysics::Cosmology and Extragalactic Astrophysics, 01 natural sciences, Galaxy, Redshift, Space and Planetary Science, Sky, 0103 physical sciences, Subaru Telescope, 010303 astronomy & astrophysics, Galaxy cluster, Astrophysics::Galaxy Astrophysics, 0105 earth and related environmental sciences, media_common, Dimensionless quantity, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract: We previously identified LH146, a diffuse X-ray source in the Lockman Hole, as a galaxy cluster at redshift 1.753. The redshift was based on one spectroscopic value, buttressed by seven additional photometric redshifts. We here confirm the previous spectroscopic redshift and present concordant spectroscopic redshifts for an additional eight galaxies. The average of these nine redshifts is 1.714 +/- 0.012 (error on mean). Scrutiny of the galaxy distribution in redshift and the plane of the sky shows that there are two concentrations of galaxies near the X-ray source. In addition there are three diffuse X-ray sources spread along the axis connecting the galaxy concentrations. LH146 is one of these three and lies approximately at the center of the two galaxy concentrations and the outer two diffuse X-ray sources. We thus conclude that LH146 is at the redshift initially reported but it is not a single virialized galaxy cluster as previously assumed. Rather it appears to mark the approximate center of a larger region containing more objects. For brevity we term all these objects and their alignments as large scale structure. The exact nature of LH146 itself remains unclear., Comment: 22 pages, 15 figures, accepted for publication in the Astrophysical Journal
Published: 2013
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