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Copyright of Revista ADM is the property of Asociacion Dental Mexicana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Resumen Esta investigación evaluó el rol moderador que las variables “control” y “soporte social” ejercen en la percepción de sobrecarga laboral de profesoras chilenas. Para esto, se efectuó un diseño transversal en base a datos secundarios, realizándose un análisis de moderación simple con las respuestas de cuestionarios auto-reportados por 4.813 profesoras chilenas, quienes en 2019 impartían las asignaturas de “Lenguaje y Comunicación” y “Matemática” de 8° año de Enseñanza Básica. Los resultados demuestran que el rol moderador solo es ejercido por el “soporte social”, variable que atenuó el efecto nocivo de la sobrecarga en la satisfacción laboral. En las consideraciones finales, se analizan las implicancias teóricas y proyecciones derivadas de los resultados.

Objective: To analyze the predictive role of coping strategies and social support over humor styles in parents who migrate along with children with cancer. Method: A transactional-correlational quantitative design and non-probabilistic convenience sampling were used. It involved 62 parents (11 men and 51 women) between 20 and 61 years. They answered the Humor Styles Questionnaire (HSQ), COPE Inventory (COPE) and the Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). Results: Regression models were developed for affiliative (R²=0,19, p<0,001) and aggressive humor (R²=0,25, p<0,001), both considered humor styles towards others. For self-oriented humor styles, two models were built to predict self-enhancing humor. The first model considers global social support (R²=0,25, p<0,001), while the second model, affective support (R²=0,27, p<0,001). Likewise, the first model explaining self-defeating humor considers global social support (R²=0,28, p<0,001) and the second, instrumental support (R²=0,27, p<0,001). Discussion: Coping strategies and social support in relation to humor styles in the context of illness and migration demonstrate the effectiveness of certain strategies and styles considered maladaptive in face of a highly stressful situation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cadernos de Pesquisa is the property of Fundacao Carlos Chagas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objetivo: Analizar el rol predictivo de las estrategias de afrontamiento y el soporte social percibido, sobre los estilos de humor en padres migrantes de niños con cáncer. Método: Se empleó un diseño cuantitativo transaccional-correlacional y un muestreo no probabilístico por conveniencia. Participaron 62 progenitores (11 hombres y 51 mujeres) entre los 20 y 61 años, quienes respondieron la Escala del Sentido del Humor (HSQ), el Cuestionario de Estimación del Afrontamiento (COPE) y el Medical Outcomes Study Social Support Survey (MOS-SSS). Resultados: Se establecieron modelos de regresión para el humor afiliativo (R²=0,19, p

The mental health problems of teachers is a reality that is undoubtedly worrying and that therefore cannot be denied. Factors such as stress, low pay, social stigma, disorders in daily habits due to lack of time, among other factors, obviously affect their health. The following article aims to investigate the physical and mental health indicators in teachers in the Maule and Ñuble region. From a quantitative design, the results obtained are analyzed from two instruments, a questionnaire on health and lifestyle habits, and another on levels of stress and emotions. The observations show that the reality regarding this issue has not changed over the years, and that in fact there are no effective instances that seek to remedy or repair this situation faced by many of our teachers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El propósito de esta investigación fue entender las percepciones acerca la actividad física en mujeres participantes del programa Madres en movimiento de dos escuelas prioritarias de Heredia, así como los apoyos sociales que reciben y brindan a sus familias, con el fin de poder contar con insumos que propicien intervenciones en promoción de la actividad física en las mujeres adultas sedentarias y sus familias. Este es un estudio con enfoque cualitativo, utilizando los grupos focales para obtener la información, trabajando con un grupo de 22 mujeres que son madres y amas de casa. Los resultados de esta investigación muestran que, en la Categoría intrapersonal, las mujeres confían en su sentimiento de ser exitosas realizando actividades físicas, unido al buen uso de destrezas conductuales, dominio de las expectativas, persuasión social y modelaje. En la categoría interpersonal, utilizan los apoyos sociales, mediante el apoyo instrumental, acompañamiento, emocional e informacional para involucrarse en la actividad física. Finalmente, en la categoría organizacional, el apoyo de la escuela como medio para organizar y ejecutar el proyecto es indispensable para mantener conductas activas. En conclusión, este estudio mostró que el uso del modelo ecológico fue exitoso en lograr madres activas, con la posibilidad que apoyaran a sus familias en estilos de vida activos.

Currently, modern families are coping with different stressful situations. The family studies are focused on the conceptual perspective, political perspective and methodological topic and they leave aside the familiar dynamics and functioning. This paper was interested in describing and comparing indicators of family resilience and family welfare of 442 Colombian families. This study had three hypotheses: The first one is focused on differences in well-being family dimension per location; the second hypothesis was focused on significant differences in family resilience per location, and the third one was interested in significant relations in family resilience and family well-being. The theoretical support to this research is the McCubbin and Patterson's resilience model called Double ABCX and Family Adaptation and Adjust Response Model by Patterson. The family well-being is considered a result of internal family functioning and is measured by the family member perception about the concern about health problems, fears, anger and sadness. Family resilience is understood as the capacity to recover from adversity. This capacity strengthens families and improves their resources. In this theoretic resilience approach the resilience is a dynamic result to the adaptation phase and the family well-being is the final adjustment. The design was cross-sectional analytical with a convenience sample. The families were interviewed in their homes, from each family both parents and a child between 9 and 17 years old participated. They are located geographically in Bogotá (n = 196), Santa Marta (n = 81) and Cali-Palmira (n = 145). Families completed the Family Member Wellbeing Index (FMWB) and the Family Regeneration and Adaptation Index (FIRA-G) to assess resilience. Families residing in Bogotá showed significant differences with those of Cali-Palmira in the dimension of family wellbeing, family stress and support from friends and family. While families located in Santa Marta showed differences with respect to the families located in Cali-Palmira in family stress and in community and social support. The father correlations between the family resilience index and the well-being family index is strong and inverse with the family stress and the family well-being summarized. The mother well-being family perception is significant associated with family resilience, and these correlations was strongest with family well-being summarized. The family stress index, strains and distress exposed moderate and inverse relations with the positive resilience family summarized. The discussion deals with family resilience as a product of the dynamic interaction in the hole family system and is oriented to the fact that the presence of support from family and friends reduces the burden of family stress, promotes support in the face of crisis and, in general, improves the well-being and family adaptation. In general, the differences reflect varied resilience trajectories that depend on the challenges posed by the close context of the city where they live. An approach to this result leads us to think as a hypothesis not yet widely explored, in the mobility factor of cities, which limits contact with close family networks. In big cities like Bogotá, its internal mobility compromises the times and spaces of daily life, and thus allows or prevents families from organizing their relationships in the different areas of their social life. Resilience occurs through positive adaptive family resources that included social support and family coherence and allow families to reduce stress and meet the demands of the environment. On the other hand, the presence of the two parents in families without clinical indicators shows that the burden of shared stress helps family resilience, which is also fed by the presence of external aids to the family nucleus, such as the support of the community, family and friends. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

El propósito de esta investigación fue determinar el efecto del programa Madres en Movimiento en la promoción de la actividad física, el mejoramiento de la autoestima y del uso del apoyo social, con el objeto de empoderar a las madres en la práctica de actividad física en su familia. Este es un estudio cuasiexperimental con una muestra seleccionada por conveniencia de 15 madres en el grupo experimental y 15 en el grupo control. Los resultados de este estudio muestran que las mujeres del grupo experimental que estaban clasificadas en autoestima media, mostraron una tendencia a mejorar la autoestima hacia una clasificación alta. Se mostró un incremento significativo en la actividad física de las participantes y en el disfrute de las participantes al realizar actividad física. Adicionalmente, se mostraron cambios importantes en el uso de los apoyos emocionales, instrumentales, acompañamiento y el modelaje por las madres. En conclusión, este estudio mostró que un programa de intervención basado en el modelo ecológico, usando como instrumento la práctica de actividad física contribuye al incremento de la autoestima y al uso de estrategias sociales de apoyo de las participantes hacia estilos de vida activos de la familia.

Objetivo. Describir y determinar la relación entre el nivel de percepción de soporte social y la competencia para cuidar en el hogar de cuidadores familiares de personas adultas con enfermedad crónica. Método. Estudio correlacional con abordaje cuantitativo y de corte transversal realizado en una muestra de 103 cuidadores del municipio de Ocaña. Se utilizaron tres instrumentos: Ficha de caracterización Cuidador – persona con enfermedad crónica GCPC-UN-C, Soporte Social en enfermedad crónica de Hilbert (SSCI) y Competencia para el cuidado – Cuidador versión abreviada– GCPC-UN-CPC. Resultados. Respecto al soporte social se encontró satisfacción en todas las dimensiones de la escala de Hilbert y a nivel global. El nivel de competencia global para el cuidado en el hogar de los cuidadores fue adecuado; sin embargo se identifican necesidades de fortalecimiento en el conocimiento, lo instrumental y unicidad. Se identificó una correlación débil con baja significancia estadística entre las variables a estudio. Conclusiones. La competencia para cuidar en el hogar en el cuidador se desarrolla de manera independiente del nivel de satisfacción con el soporte social percibido.

Introducción: La forma en que los cuidadores afrontan las demandas de cuidado de los enfermos crónicos, depende de la competencia para brindar el cuidado y de la percepción de apoyo de las fuentes cercanas a él. El objetivo del estudio fue establecer la relación entre la competencia para el cuidado y el soporte social de los cuidadores familiares de personas con enfermedad crónica en el departamento Norte de Santander. Materiales y Método: Estudio cuantitativo, de tipo correlacional de corte trasversal. Conto con la participación de 352 cuidadores, ubicados en la ciudad de Cúcuta, Ocaña y Pamplona, municipios de Norte de Santander, a quienes les fue aplicado los instrumentos: GCPC- UN-D, GCPC-UN-CPC y SSCI. Resultados: La mayor parte de los cuidadores de los municipios de Cúcuta y Pamplona, poseen un nivel medio de competencia para el cuidado (50.6% y 49.4% respectivamente), mientras en el municipio de Ocaña, la mayoría de cuidadores mostraron un alto nivel de competencia para el cuidado (89.3%). En el soporte social de los cuidadores se evidencian diferencias significativas entre los municipios del departamento, encontrándose poco satisfechos con el soporte recibido los cuidadores de Cúcuta y Pamplona, y satisfechos los cuidadores de la ciudad de Ocaña. Discusión: En los cuidadores tanto la competencia para el cuidado como la percepción de soporte social varían en las diferentes regiones del departamento. Conclusión: Se subraya la necesidad de abordar las dificultades que experimentan los cuidadores en lo relativo a la competencia para el desempeño eficaz del cuidado y el soporte social. Como citar este artículo: González Escobar Dianne Sofía, Vega Angarita Olga Marina. Competencia para cuidar y Soporte social en cuidadores de Norte de Santander: Perspectiva comparativa. Revista Cuidarte. 2021;12(2):e1329. http://dx.doi.org/10.15649/cuidarte.1329

Introduction: The way caregivers cope with care needs of chronically ill patients strongly depends on their competence to provide care and the perception of support from nearby sources. This study is aimed to establish the relationship between caregiving competence and social support for family caregivers of chronically ill patients in the department of Norte de Santander, Colombia. Materials and Methods: A quantitative cross-sectional correlational study was conducted with 352 caregivers living in the municipalities of Cúcuta, Ocaña and Pamplona in Norte de Santander, who have been administered the instruments GCPC-UN-D, GCPC-UN-CPC and SSCI. Results: Most caregivers in Cúcuta and Pamplona showed to have a mid-level of caregiving competence (50.6% and 49.4%, respectively), while caregivers in Ocaña showed a high level (89.3%). As for social support for caregivers, there were significant differences between the municipalities analyzed, finding out that caregivers in Cucutá and Pamplona were dissatisfied with the support they have received so far, while caregivers in Ocaña reported being satisfied. Discussion: For caregivers, both caregiving competence and perception of social support vary across the different regions of the department. Conclusion: It is evident the need to address the difficulties experienced by caregivers in terms of competence for effective caregiving and social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Social support is a relational process in which informational, instrumental, and affective aids are offered by groups and / or persons, capable of producing positive effects on well-being, health, and stress. The study aimed to evaluate the psychometric properties of the reduced version of the Social Support Perception Scale (SSPS) for people living in poverty contexts. Participants comprised 1113 (valid questionnaires) adults with an average age of 42.25 years (SD = 17.57), including men (29.7%) and women (70.3%), from the Brazilian states of Ceará, Amazonas, and Paraná. Reliability, factorial exploratory and confirmatory analyzes were performed. The bifactorial structure of the instrument was verified, as well as excellent reliability and internal consistency indexes. Factors presented satisfactory factor loads and items grouped differently from the original scale. Originally composed by the factors Practical Support and Emotional Support, it is proposed a new nomenclature of factors such as Cognitive-Instrumental Support and Emotional-Cooperative Support. The reduced version of the SSPS is considered suitable for use in populations living in poverty contexts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: A cute stress symptoms (ASSs) are likely to be a common mental health problem in the acute period following the 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia (COVID-19) outbreak. To address this risk, substantial social support has been provided to relieve ASSs during the COVID-19 outbreak. However, the effectiveness of these support methods for relieving ASSs has not yet been assessed. Objective: The current study sought to examine the underlying mechanisms by which social support relieves ASSs, among primary and secondary school teachers. Method: A sample of 751 primary and secondary school teachers was selected to answer self-reported questionnaires regarding ASSs, social support, psychological needs, and the sense of control. Results: Structural equation modelling revealed that social support had a non-significant direct relationship with ASSs, and a significant indirect relationship with reduced ASSs via the needs for autonomy and relatedness, and via the paths from three types of psychological needs to the sense of control. Conclusion: These findings suggest that social support can play a relieving role in ASSs when the support satisfies individuals' psychological needs and improves their sense of control. To alleviate ASSs among primary and secondary school teachers, more attention should be paid to satisfying their specific psychological needs and improving their sense of control. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The objective of this study was to describe the perception of social support of the family caregiver of people with chronic diseases. A qualitative descriptive approach with content analysis based on an inductive type categorization was used, involving 130 main caregiver participants captured through the Chronic Patient and their family Care research group. The information was collected through questionnaires written with open questions during the months of February to June 2018 in the Faculty of Nursing of the National University of Colombia. The findings were grouped into 9 categories that were named as the support that relieves the burden, the support to face and overcome, the need for emotional support, to transcend spiritual support, the need for tangible support, support to support others, technology ICT information and communication as a medium for support, Perception of state and institutional support and Being a visible and supported caregiver. It can be concluded that the greater need for social support expressed by caregivers is related to emotional and spiritual support, in which making their work visible, being recognized and being accompanied is the most important thing for them. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. Describe and determine the relationship between the level of perception of social support and the competence to care at home for family caregivers of adults with chronic disease. Method. Correlational study with a quantitative and cross-sectional approach performed on a sample of 103 caregivers from the municipality of Ocaña. Three instruments were used: Characterization card Caregiver - person with chronic disease GCPC-UN-C, Social Support in chronic Hilbert disease (SSCI) and Competence for care - Caregiver abridged version- GCPC-UN-CPC. Results. Regarding social support, satisfaction was found in all dimensions of the Hilbert scale and globally. The level of global competence for caregiving at home was adequate. However, needs for strengthening knowledge, instrumentality and uniqueness are identified. We identified a weak correlation with low statistical significance among the variables under study. Conclusions. The competence to care at home in the caregiver is developed independently of the level of satisfaction with the perceived social support. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The training strategies developed for the social support program bring deficits in accessibility to the chronic ill patients (EC) and the CASSA-UDEC’s caretaker (CASSA-UDEC: Centre for Social Health Care at Universidad de Cundinamarca) they do not have time to commute, hindering their legal relationship established by the contract. For this reason, a remote care platform (PTD) was developed to support users at CASSA-UDEC improving aspects related to coverage, cost, quality, access and appropriation of information from caregivers and chronic ill patients. The design was based on gerontological constructs identifying features such as modularity, object size, usability, ergonomics, and some others, providing a friendly platform for the user with dynamic, modular and high usability content. The Platform provides a space for interaction and aid, which works as a dynamic entity in the job done by CASSA-UDEC giving support in the development of activities, expanding its coverage, access; all thanks to the benefits offered in a virtual mode.

The death of a child, who is attended by professionals, can be conceived by them as a loss, sometimes resulting in a traumatic expe­rience. Social support becomes an important mediator of the grieving process, helping to relieve the stress and to cope better. Objec­tive: Translation and validation into Spanish of «Grief Support in Health Care Scale (GS­HCS)». Method: Through the translation and validation of cross-cultural equivalence of GS­HCS in its Spanish version: «Apoyo en Duelo en Atención de Salud (EADAS)», we procee­ded to auto-apply this instrument to 215 pro­fessionals working in oncology units and cri­tical pediatric care. With this data there was an internal analysis of the tendencies using Cronbach’s Alpha, Bootstrap Confidence In­tervals and an exploratory analysis was perfor­med to test the psychometric properties of the scale divided into three dimensions; recogni­tion of the relationship, recognition of the loss and incorporation of belief rituals, performing a comparison of means using the t test for independent samples. Results: The «Grief Sup­port in Health Care Scale» (GSHCS) obtained a validation and reliability with a coefficient Cronbach’s Alpha score of 0.81. By analyzing the variables, it was found that oncology unit professionals and both units women perceive themselves to be more socially supported in their mourning. Conclusion: The «Grief Sup­port in Health Care Scale» (GSHCS) is a valid and reliable instrument, which allows to iden­tify the perception of support in the mourning process.

Como a mídia aborda o suicídio de idosos? E o que as notícias sobre suicídio de idosos nos dizem? Estas foram as perguntas que guiaram esta reflexão, que se debruçou sobre matérias de suicídios de idosos publicadas na mídia nacional, entre abril de 2010 e abril de 2013. Observamos que a palavra “suicídio”, até pouco tempo atrás “aquela-que-não-deveria-ser-nomeada” na imprensa, aparece na maior parte das notícias, no título e nos textos, demonstrando que o suicídio, como problema de saúde pública, afasta-se do campo privado para ocupar e compor o espaço público. Constatamos que entre as principais situações de risco que levam os idosos a cometer um “gesto de comunicação” extremo estão os efeitos de uma política econômica recessiva e o prolongamento da vida sem dignidade, mediante o medo da dependência e do provável “trabalho” aos demais; situações que indicam serem essenciais o desenvolvimento e o fortalecimento das redes de suporte social.

Objective: This paper is the result of a research whose purpose is related to gays and lesbian's self-perception and their coping effects and social support after having revealed their homosexuality to their families. Method: Variables such as Psychosocial Assessment of Vital Events Battery (Cantú y Álvarez, 2009; 2013) was used to measure these variables. 30 individuals were sampled as follows: 15 gays and 15 lesbians. The data analysis was descriptive, where both groups for each variable were compared; Student's T test was used. Results: In relation with gays and lesbians' coping support, there is no significant differences, in the manner that show coping strategies to solve a situation which they consider a problem; also, in relation with social support, significant differences were found, both lesbians and gays find greater social support in friendships but not from their family, as follows : they got emotional support from family members who do not live with them; and they got financial aid and information help from their couples. Conclusions: Men and women have a negative opinion related to homosexuality, even those who are recognized as homosexual individual; both gays and lesbians receive more support from people outside the family that means friends. It is necessary to modify the negative and a priori concept of homo-sexuality considered by the society, that is why an individual, family and social group's re-organization process is required. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Majority of Malaysians do not meet the recommendation of adequate and regular physical activity, with about 61.4 % (aged 15 and above) considered inactive. This study examined the differences of psychosocial determinants of physical activity in undergraduates according to gender and physical activity index category. Self-efficacy Assessment, Social Support for Exercise, Motivation and Physical Activity Enjoyment Scales were used to measure the psychosocial determinants of physical activity. The Physical Activity Index (PAI) was determined by multiplying exercise intensity, duration and frequency. The total PAI score was categorized as 'Needs improvement' [NI], 'Fair' [F], 'Average' [A], 'Good' [G] and 'Excellent' [E]. A total of 359 undergraduates (male = 74.4%, female = 25.6%) were conveniently surveyed. Result in physical index category revealed that 25% of the undergraduates each was in the 'fair' and 'average' category. About 15% of the undergraduates needs improvement and 34.8% was in the 'good' and 'excellent' category. Inferential statistics analyses showed psychosocial determinants of 'self-efficacy', 'exercise enjoyment', 'motivation' and 'support from family' were significant according to gender. Males involved in physical activity due to 'self-efficacy', 'motivation' and 'enjoyment' while females were more influenced by family support. Significant results on PAI category and psychosocial determinants were shown in self-efficacy, social support from friends, motivation, and exercise enjoyment. For 'selfefficacy' and 'social support from friend' factors, the 'Need Improvement' group had low self-efficacy and low social support from friends. However, for the 'motivation' and 'exercise enjoyment' factors, the 'Needs Improvement' was more motivated and enjoyed exercise more than other groups. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The purpose of this study was to assess a social support intervention among rural women from Chiapas and its ability to change lifestyles, self-concept, and Metabolic Syndrome (MS). Methods: A convenience sample was conducted among older than 16 yo women from a marginalized rural community from central Chiapas. Two questionnaires were used, a self-concept questionnaire and a healthy lifestyle profile. Criteria for components of MS used were those of the International Diabetes Federation. The intervention was conducted over a three month period and divided into 13 sessions that concentrated on social support and were complemented by nutrition education modules. Results: Five hundred eighty six participants met inclusion criteria for the study. At basal time 47% had MS; abdominal obesity, 69%; high levels of glucose, 27%; triglycerides, 56%; systolic blood pressure, 17%; diastolic blood pressure, 15%; and low levels of HDL-cholesterol, 55%. After the intervention, 38% had MS and significant differences were observed in all of the components of MS. The pre and post-intervention dimension scores on the self-concept form 5 (AF5), or self-concept questionnaire, and the Pender Health Promotion and Lifestyle Questionnaire (PETS-1) also yielded significant differences. Conclusions: After a three month social support and nutrition education intervention, significant changes were observed in several dimensions of the AF5 and PETS-1, as well as in MS and its components.

El soporte social constituye un importante constructo en el ámbito educativo, el cual influye en términos comportamentales, cognitivos y afectivos. Aunque en la literatura internacional existen numerosos instrumentos que permiten evaluar dicho constructo, en Argentina no se dispone de escalas que permitan evaluar el apoyo percibido por los estudiantes. Por tanto, el objetivo de este trabajo consistió en adaptar las escalas de Apoyo Social para Niños y Adolescentes (Malecki, Demaray & Elliot, 2003) y Soporte Académico (Lent et al., 2005) en estudiantes universitarios. Para ello, en este estudio participaron 551 estudiantes de diferentes carreras dictadas en la Universidad Nacional de Córdoba (Argentina). Para ambos instrumentos, los resultados indicaron valores satisfactorios de consistencia interna (confiabilidad compuesta, ρ > .70) y, además, se logró replicar la estructura original de cada medida mediante análisis factorial confirmatorio. Se destacan las limitaciones y se sugieren nuevas líneas de estudio.

Introducción: La terapia de Soporte Social (SS) puede ser un método eficaz para la pérdida de peso en comparación con tratamientos convencionales (TC). Objetivo: Evaluar estudios aleatorios controlados para el tratamiento del sobrepeso y obesidad mediante una terapia de Soporte Social (SS). Metodología: Se revisaron todos los artículos originales publicados en MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, EBSCO, Google Scholar del 2000 hasta agosto de 2011; además, se incluyó uno referido en un metanálisis previo, de estudios aleatorios controlados sobre el efecto de la pérdida de peso con grupos de SS, con > cinco meses de tratamiento, comparados con otra terapia o TC. Resultados: Se analizaron un total de ocho artículos. En general se puede observar una heterogeneidad en el diseño, los resultados, los componentes de las intervenciones, y las características culturales de la población. La diferencia de pérdida de peso entre los grupos de intervención y el control osciló entre 2,7 kg (24 m) y 8,3 kg (12 m). Sin embargo, a los grupos control no se les administró el TC recomendado. En dos trabajos no se describe enmascaramiento a la asignación, y en cuatro trabajos, no hubo cegamiento. En la mayoría de estudios la variación fue muy alta. Además, en dos estudios no se observaron diferencias significativas en la pérdida de peso, por lo que la calidad de la evidencia es baja. Conclusiones: Los resultados indican que se requieren estudios mejor diseñados y de más largo plazo que generen evidencias de mayor calidad y a más largo plazo.Introduction: Social Support (SS) therapy can be an effective method of weight loss compared with conventional treatment (CT). Objective: To evaluate RCT's using SS therapy on weight in subjects with overweight or obesity. Methodology: We reviewed all original articles published in MEDLINE/PubMed, SciELO, EBSCO, Google Scholar, from 2000 to August 2011, and one referred in a previous metanalisis, of RCT's of the effect of SS therapy on weight loss, with at least five months of treatment, compared with another therapy or a CT. Results: Eight articles were analyzed. It was observed heterogeneity in the design, differences in the components of the interventions, and cultural characteristics of the population. The difference between groups in weight loss in five out of seven studies, ranged from 2.3 kg (24 m) to 8.3 kg (12 m). However, the treatment in the control groups did not meet the accepted recommended guidelines. There was no allocation concealment in two studies, and no blindness in four. Most studies showed large dispersion in the results. Therefore, the quality of the evidence is low. Conclusions: These results warrant further and better design and longer term studies to generate higher quality evidence.

Este estudo foi conduzido junto a 388 estudantes universitários, utilizando um conjunto de escalas para medida de variáveis associadas à felicidade, bem-estar subjetivo, comportamento social e algumas questões sobre dados biográficos. Os resultados mostraram que as escalas apresentam, em geral, altos índices de confiabilidade, resultados médios superiores aos esperados nas medidas de bem-estar subjetivo e coeficiente de correlação múltipla de 0,79 na predição da felicidade total. Ao se testarem as diferenças entre as médias dos diversos grupos, constituídos por suas características biográficas, verificou-se que as mulheres, os mais jovens, os casados ou namorados, os religiosos, os que estudaram em escolas privadas no ensino fundamental e públicas no ensino superior, que conhecem outros idiomas, com renda familiar mais alta, com altos níveis de escolaridade dos pais, com mais altos níveis socioeconômicos mostram-se significativamente mais populares, menos solitários, mais satisfeitos com a vida e mais felizes.Este estudio fue conducido con 388 estudiantes universitarios, utilizando un conjunto de escalas para medida de variables asociadas a la felicidad, bienestar subjetivo, comportamiento social y algunas cuestiones sobre datos biográficos. Los resultados mostraron que las escalas presentaron, en general, altos índices de confiabilidad, resultados medios superiores a los esperados en las medidas de bienestar subjetivo y coeficiente de correlación múltiple de 0,79 en la predicción de la felicidad total. En las pruebas de las diferencias entre los promedios de los diversos grupos, constituidos por sus características biográficas, se verificó que las mujeres, los más jóvenes, los casados o novios, los religiosos, los que estudiaron en escuelas privadas en la enseñanza básica y públicas en la enseñanza superior, que conocen otros idiomas, con renta familiar más alta, con altos niveles de escolaridad de los padres, con más altos niveles socioeconómicos se mostraron significativamente más populares, menos solitarios, más satisfechos con la vida y más felices.This study was developed with 388 college students using a set of scales to measure variables associated to happiness, subjective well-being, social behavior and some questions on demographic data. The results showed that the scales usually present high levels of reliability, average results superior to those expected in the subjective well-being measures and multiple correlation coefficient of 0.79 on the prediction of total happiness. When testing the differences among the several groups, it was verified that women, young people, those married or dating, those who had a religion, studied the first grade in a private school or the college in a public institution, those who know other languages with higher family income, having parents with high level of education or social-economic status, showed to be significantly more popular, less solitaires, more satisfied with their lives and happier.

OBJECTIVE: To establish the relationship between affectivity and social support profile and the presence and severity of depression and anxiety among women with breast cancer. METHOD: 235 patients completed measures of depression, anxiety, affectivity and social support. RESULTS: Variables that predicted depressive symptoms were as follows: positive affectivity in last weeks, negative affectivity in last weeks, number of people that bring support to the patient, negative affectivity in general and illness time of evolution. Variables that predicted anxiety symptoms: negative affectivity in last weeks, positive affectivity in last weeks, negative affectivity in general and number of people that bring support to the patient. CONCLUSION: In congruence with previous reports among other kind of populations, a low average of positive affectivity and high negative affectivity explained depression and anxiety comorbidity. Additionally, more evidence about the association between these mental disorders and the level of social support is documented in patients with breast cancer.

El diagnóstico de cáncer en un niño implica un importante conflicto socioemocional para toda la familia. En estas familias, las necesidades de los hermanos sanos son las menos consideradas, dado que los progenitores dedican todas sus energías al niño enfermo. Los sentimientos que los hermanos sanos experimentan pueden verse agravados cuando no reciben información fiable que explique la actitud de los padres, cuando no existe un contexto de comunicación emocional adecuado, cuando no se fomenta su implicación con el hermano enfermo y cuando no se les ofrece la ayuda necesaria para que puedan realizar sus actividades cotidianas. Con el objetivo de ofrecer soporte psicosocial a este colectivo de niños la Junta de Barcelona de la AECC realiza anualmente unos campamentos lúdico-terapéuticos dirigidos a hermanos de niños oncológicos de toda España. Este estudio pretende demostrar si existe relación causal entre la participación en los Campamentos por parte de los hermanos sanos y su nivel de comunicación sobre la enfermedad, su implicación con el hermano enfermo y la expresión emocional. Se trabaja con una muestra de 74 niños que asisten a los Campamentos de forma voluntaria. Se emplea un diseño casi experimental pretest-postest de un solo grupo. Los resultados muestran que existen discrepancias significativas en la percepción entre padres e hijos sanos con relación a la comunicación sobre la enfermedad de sus hermanos. Así mismo hay padres que perciben mejoría en la implicación y expresión emocional. Todo ello nos podría llevar a concluir que es la intervención lúdico-terapéutica la que promueve estos cambios.

Objective: To examine the association between muscle strength and the ability to perform basic and instrumental activities of daily living in elderly resident in rural areas of Jequie, Brazil. Methods: We performed a cross-sectional design study with a population of 104 individuals aged sixty or older, registered in the Family Health Unit of the district of Itajuru, Jequie-Brazil. Data collection was performed using a standardized instrument used as an interview, followed by the application of tests (bending arm with dumbbell and rising from a chair 30 sec). The basic and instrumental activities of daily living were investigated through the Katz and Lawton scales, respectively. The chi-square test with p ≤0.05 was used as a measure of statistical significance for bivariate analyzes between muscle strength and ability to perform daily activities. Results: The results showed a significant association between muscle strength and dynamic ability to perform activities of daily living. Conclusion: Reduced muscle strength is an important predictor of the functional ability of the elderly. Accordingly, it is recommended to observe muscle strength in actions directed at the elderly [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Psicooncologia is the property of Universidad Complutense de Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Este estudo identificou entre mães adolescentes, como a maternidade interferiu em seus projetos de vida. Os dados foram coletados em uma maternidade do interior paulista, durante 03 meses. Participaram 140 adolescentes, 77% mantendo relação marital. A escolaridade da maioria é o ensino fundamental, 31,4% estudavam quando engravidaram. Ao final da gravidez 14,3% mantiveram atividades escolares, 60% as interromperam para cuidar do filho, as que voltarão a estudar contarão com o suporte da família. A maioria não entrará no mercado de trabalho, aquelas que trabalham têm o suporte da família para o cuidado do filho. Os resultados apontam para a necessidade de reorganização dos serviços, com abordagens metodol6gicas diferenciadas visando alcançar os preceitos previstos nas diretrizes dos direitos sexuais e reprodutivos.

Se investiga el soporte social en un grupo de adultos con V!H: catorce mujeres y cuarenta y un hombres. de entre 18 y 58 años. de estrato socioeconómico bajo y medio bajo que acuden a centros de salud estatales, organismos no gubernamentales y grupos de ayuda mutua (GAM) de Lima. Se correlacionaron los resultados descriptivos de los índices soporte social percibido, soporte social efectivo, satisfacción con el soporte y necesidad de soporte con las variables edad, sexo, tiempo de diagnóstico, presencia o no de síntomas asociados al VIH, participación o no en un GAM y orientación sexual (hombres heterosexuales, hombres que tienen sexo ton otros hombres (HSH) y mujeres heterosexuales). Se encontró que los índices del soporte social se comportan diferente según se pertenezca a un GAM o no, según el sexo, según la orientación sexual y el sexo. Asimismo, el índice necesidad de soporte varía según el tiempo de diagnóstico.

This study explores the subjective well-being, overall life satisfaction and perceived social support of Brazilian adolescents by analysing different models that explain the relationships among these three constructs. The sample is comprised of 1,588 adolescents (aged 12–16, 65.5% female), who answered the Personal Well-Being Index (PWI), a measure of Perceived Social Support of Family and Friends, and also an Overall Life Satisfaction single-item scale (OLS). MANOVA and ANOVA were used to assess the differences between groups, with respect to gender, it is observed that girls present lower means than boys for the OLS. Considering age, there was a significant decrease in the mean of the PWI with age. Boys present lower means of friends' social support. Structural Equation Modelling was used to test theoretical frameworks on data. After analysing different models, the best fit model is presented using the PWI as a mediating factor between social support and satisfaction with life. The perception of social support from family and friends results to be a significant dimension of well-being among Brazilian adolescents. The importance of social support for the subjective well-being is explained by identifying how it contributes to the overall life satisfaction of adolescents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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How is the media addressing elderly suicide? And what does the news about elderly suicide tell us? These were the questions which guided this reflection, addressing the news about elderly suicide published on Brazilian media from April 2010 to April 2013. We have noticed that the word "suicide" - that until recently "should not be mentioned" by the media - appears in most of the news, both in its headlines and inside the texts, showing that suicide, as a public health issue, moves from the private field to occupy and compose the public space. We found out that the main risk situations that lead seniors to commit an extreme communication gesture resulted from the effects of recessive economic politics, as well as life extension without dignity in view of the fear of dependence and causing trouble to other people. Such situations indicate the need of developing and strengthening social support networks. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Sociales (0797-5538) is the property of Universidad de la Republica, Faculdad de Ciencias Sociales, Departmento de Sociologica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)