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A 35-year-old female with a history of metastatic breast cancer (BC) presented with unilateral blurred vision and floaters over 6 weeks. Examination findings showed vitreous opacities and a vasculitis concerning for an infectious process. Diagnostic vitrectomy revealed no infectious cause, but rather metastatic cells in the vitreous, with no obvious retinal or choroidal metastatic focus. In this report we illustrate a case of vitreous metastasis in a patient with metastatic BC, highlighting the importance of recognizing this rare entity which can mimic an inflammatory or infectious process. Novel to this report is the use of modern wide-field retinal imaging, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, and a surgical video to document the findings of this disease entity.

Doping is one of the most powerful methods amongst the various performance improvement ways. Doping affects the energy levels of the host layer by the energy level of the dopant. This allows the energy bandgap to be adjusted to a desired level and thus generates light corresponding to that energy level. Alternatively, it can act as an energy barrier between the interfaces to change the flow of carriers. In this study, the voltage dependences of undoped and doped devices were observed. Bis(2-phenylquinoline) iridium(III) (acetylacetonate) (Ir(pq)2acac) was doped in 4,4′-N, N′-dicarbazole-biphenyl (CBP) as the emission layer. The light intensity changes with the doping concentration, and the efficiency was also studied. When a high voltage was applied, the effect of triplet-triplet annihilation (TTA) adversely affected the electron-hole recombination. We analyzed the optimal operating conditions and the effect of doping concentration on OLEDs.

Neuronal spiking activity is routinely recorded using genetically encoded calcium indicators (GECIs), but calcium imaging is limited in temporal resolution and does not report subthreshold voltage changes. Genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) offer better temporal resolution and subthreshold sensitivity, but spike detection with fast GEVIs has required specialized imaging equipment. Here, we report the ASAP4 subfamily of genetically encoded voltage indicators (GEVIs) that brighten in response to membrane depolarization, inverting the fluorescence-voltage relationship of previous ASAP GEVIs. Two variants, ASAP4b and ASAP4e, feature 128% and 178% fluorescence increases over 100-mV of depolarization, respectively, facilitating spike detection in single trials in vivo with standard 1 and 2-photon imaging systems. Simultaneous voltage and calcium imaging confirms improved temporal resolution and spike discernment by ASAP4 GEVIs. Thus, positively tuned ASAP4 voltage indicators enable recording of neuronal spiking activity using similar equipment as calcium imaging, while providing higher temporal resolution.One Sentence SummaryUpward ASAPs increase detection capability of GEVIs in vivo.

Rationale: Patient-derived induced pluripotent stem cells (iPSCs) present an exciting avenue for the modeling congenital heart disease. While hiPSC cardiac differentiations generate various cell types, the presence of mixed cell populations can confound interpretation of study results, particularly in the case of modeling structural congenital heart defects where lesions affect specific chambers of the heart. During cardiac development, the left and the right ventricles arise from distinct cardiac progenitor populations known as the first and second heart fields, respectively. Currently, availability of a lineage tracing tool to identify the descendants of these progenitors in the human iPSC system is lacking and such a tool would allow for the identification of left and right ventricular cardiomyocytes for modeling of chamber specific congenital heart defects in vitro. Objectives: Genetically engineer a heart field-specific lineage tracing and a ventricular specific genetic reporter system in human iPSCs to identify left and right ventricular cardiomyocytes in vitro. Methods and Results: We gene targeted a TBX5-based Cre-LoxP lineage tracing system via CRISPR/Cas9 genome editing into an hiPSC line from a healthy male patient. We also replaced the stop codon of the ventricular-specific Myosin Light Chain-2 (MYL2) gene with a P2A-TdTomato construct to allow for the identification of ventricular cardiomyocytes through the course of differentiation. Using a standard small molecular biphasic WNT modulation protocol, we conducted multiple independent differentiations and analyzed by FACS the percentage of lineage positive and troponin-T (TNNT2+) positive cardiomyocytes at multiple timepoints during differentiation. Analysis of GFP+ (TBX5-lineage+) cells out of TNNT2+ cells identified a gradual increase in GFP expression beginning at day 11 of differentiation and results in nearly 100% of TNNT2+ cardiomyocytes exhibiting GFP expression. GFP+ expression among MYL2-Tomato+ cells confirmed the predominance of TBX5-lineage+ ventricular cardiomyocytes. Analysis of gene expression across differentiation confirmed the predominance of LV marker genes and the absence or downregulation of SHF and RV markers. Conclusions: Here, we genetically engineered a triple-targeted dual-fluorescent hiPSC reporter line that allows for the identification of TBX5-lineage positive ventricular cardiomyocytes. Gene expression analysis confirms the predominance of a left ventricular phenotype consistent with the fluorescence reporter expression. In summary, we provide a powerful tool for identifying and isolating chamber-specific left ventricular cardiomyocytes.

Two fluorescent benzo[g]quinoline derivatives were synthesized via Friedländer synthesis. Multilayered OLEDs using benzo[g]quinoline derivatives as the emitters showed unexpected emissions by electroplexes. Particularly, a device using 2-(naphthalen-3-yl)-4-phenylbenzo[g]quinoline as an emitting material exhibited efficient emission with a luminous efficiency, a power efficiency, an external quantum efficiency, and CIE coordinates of 3.58 cd/A, 1.11 lm/W, 1.08% at 20 mA/cm², and (0.36, 0.56) at 1,000 cd/m², respectively.

In this study, we synthesized two emitting materials based on benzo[q]quinoline derivatives. OLED devices using these materials were facricated in the following sequence;ITO(180nm)/4,4',4''...

In this study, as a continuous effort for searching efficient blue-emitting materials, we designed and synthesized materials based on indeno[1,2-a]arene. OLED devices using these materials ...

Herein, we designed and synthesized emitting materials based on naphthoanthracene with the different arylamino-substituents. Organic Light Emitting-Diodes (OLEDs) devices using these materials were fabricated in the following sequence; ITO/N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-(2-napthyl)-(1,1'-phenyl)-4,4'- diamine (NPB) (500 A)/Emitters (400 A)/Alumium quinolate (Alq₃) (150 A)/lithium quinolate (Liq) (20 A)/Al (1000 A). All devices showed efficient emissions. In particular, a device using 4-((5,5-dimethyl-9-phenyl-5H-naphtho[3,2,1-de]anthracen-3-yl)(phenyl)amino)benzonitrile as an emitter exhibited the luminous efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 9.15 cd/A, 6.36 lm/W, 2.72% at 20 mA/cm², respectively, with the Commission Internationale d'Enclairage (CIE) coordinates of (0.30, 0.62) at 6.0 V.

In this study, we realized white-by-blue organic light-emitting diodes (OLED) combined with free-standing yellow (Y) and red (R) phosphor films (PFs) as color-converting materials. The process involves conventional blue OLEDs as a light source and Y and R PFs as the color-conversion layer (CCL) via a physically attached method. The CCL of the Y and R PFs is used according to the various concentrations applied and the color rendering thickness by control of the wavelength. Several types of white OLEDs (WOLEDs) from a Y PF with a blue OLED or R/Y PFs with a blue OLED are fabricated with a CCL to produce good color rendering index (CRI) values. Also, the color performance of the devices is stable. The CRI values of a WOLED with R/Y PFs were improved to nearly 90 and the correlated color temperatures (CCTs) ranged from cool white to neutral/warm white between 5260 K and 4100 K. Moreover, the color fidelity score (Rf) and color gamut score (Rg) values are in good agreement with the reference sources.

In this research, we designed and synthesized one emitting material based on benzo[q]quinoline derivative via Suzuki cross coupling reaction. Organic Light-Emitting Diodes (OLEDs) device us...

Imidazole-pyridine derivatives such as 2-(1-phenyl-5-(pyridin-2-yl)-1H-imidazol-4-yl)pyridine were synthesized for the efficient blue light-emitting materials. OLED devices using these mate...

Simple and efficient lifetime modeling of organic light emitting diodes (OLED) are suggested by in-situ successive AC/DC measurements with reinforcement assessments of machine learning. AC/DC device parameters of phosphorescent OLED devices with multiple transport layers are monitored and analyzed by third-order parallel R//C circuit model with deep learning algorithm. The prediction efficiency of the lifetime assessment is enhanced by combining in-situ AC/DC device parameters, reducing the assessment time compared to conventional constant-stress test methods.

Existing keyphrase extraction approaches often suffer from issues such as the sparsity and brevity of short text (e.g., headlines, queries, and tweets). In this paper, we propose a novel keyphrase extraction method for short text by utilizing recurrent neural networks. The main idea behind our approach is to classify short text into a relevant class or category and extract keyphrases from important words in the class or category. Unlike previous supervised approaches that need the information of annotated keyphrases, our approach requires only a text classification dataset (i.e., DBpedia), which is easier to use and requires less human effort. In our approach, we first feed short text into the attention-based neural network for text classification. We then compute attention weights of each word in input short text. Subsequently, we detect keyphrase candidates by chunking phrases and summing the attention weights of compositional words in the chunked phrase. The experimental results clearly show the efficacy of our approach on real-world datasets, such as headlines, queries, and tweets. The proposed method outperforms the Microsoft Cognitive Services and IBM Watson Natural Language Understanding service for keyphrase extraction in terms of F1-score and acceptable percentage on the NYT and Question datasets. Further, we confirm that the proposed method is comparable to supervised methods for keyphrase extraction from short text in the Tweet dataset.

In this study, white organic light-emitting diodes (WOLEDs) based on exciplexes with a simple structure were investigated. Several combinations of hole-transport material and electron-transport material (ETM) were examined to verify the formation of the exciplexes. Various combinations of these exciplexes contributed to the blue and green emitters, as well as the host within the WOLEDs. Four types of WOLEDs were fabricated using various ETMs 2,2′,2′′-(1,3,5-benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi), 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (BPhen), bis(8-hydroxy-2-methylquinoline)-(4-phenylphenoxy)aluminum (BAlq), and 2,6-bis[3-(9H-carbazol-9-yl)phenyl]pyridine (26DCzppy) within the emitting layers (EMLs). In this work, which comprised a blue EML with a 1:1 wt ratio of tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) and TPBi, a green EML prepared by mixing 4,4′,4″-tris[phenyl(m-tolyl)amino]triphenylamine (m-MTDATA) and ETMs at a weight ratio of 1:1, and a red EML. In addition, the exciplex formation was optimized according to the mixing concentration of the green EML when BPhen and TPBi were used as the ETM. As a result, a green EML was obtained at 50 wt% TPBi with improved performance, such as an increased power efficiency and a low efficiency roll-off in the range of 200–1000 cd/m2 in WOLEDs. It also showed white emission for Commission Internationale de l’Eclairage coordinates of (0.45, 0.45) at 1000 cd/m2.

Since language is a cultural system through which we express the ways we conceptualize our experiences, language learning requires sustained cultural experiences and mutual understanding. Within the framework of prototype semantics and the model of cultural conceptualizations which prove a useful approach for understanding the relationship between language and culture in L2 writing, this study presents the argument that L2 writing involves new systems of cultural conceptualizations by providing examples of writings of Chinese learners of English. In the adoption of analytic frameworks of cultural, conceptual categories grounded in the theory of prototype semantics, the study conducts qualitative textual analyses of L2 texts and discusses how prototypical categorizations that have originally been associated with their L1 have an effect on the English writings of Chinese L2 learners. The study concludes with a discussion of some possible implications of the process for intercultural sense-making in the L2 writing context. (Purdue University · Konju National University)

In this research, we designed and synthesized blue emitting materials based on aminofluorene-substituted pyrene derivatives. Organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) devices using these materi...

To investigate the electroluminescent (EL) properties of fluorescent materials based on fluorene-substituted naphthalene, multilayered OLEDs with the following sequence; indium- tin-oxide (ITO)/N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (NPB) (50 nm)/Blue emitting materials (30 nm)/4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) (30 nm)/lithium quinolate (Liq) (2 nm)/Al (100 nm) were fabricated using these materials as emitters. These devices exhibited blue emissions. Particularly, a device using 7-(1-(1-(2-(diphenylamino)-9,9-diethyl-9H-fluoren-7- yl)naphthalen-4-yl)naphthalen-4-yl)-9,9-diethyl-N,N-diphenyl-9H-fluoren-2-amine as a blue emitting material exhibited blue emission with a luminous efficiency, a power efficiency, an external quantum efficiency, and CIE coordinates of 2.79 cd/A, 1.19 lm/W, 2.30% at 1,000 cd/m2, and (0.14, 0.12) at 8.0 V, respectively. This study demonstrates that 2-(Diphenylamino)-9,9-diethylfluorenes endcapped naphthalene derivatives have the excellent properties for blue emitting materials for OLEDs.

We designed and synthesized two blue fluorescent materials based on spiro[9H-fluorene-9, 5′-[5H] indeno[1, 2-b] pyridine via Buchwald-Hartwig amination and Suzuki coupling reaction. To characterize...

New red phosphorescent iridium(III) complex, (TP-MQ)2Ir(tmd) was synthesized for red emitter of the phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (phOLEDs). The ligands have sites of both the electr...

Novel red phosphorescent iridium(III) complexes, (DPAP-MQ)2Ir(tmd), (DMAP-MQ)2Ir(tmd), (PN-MQ)2Ir(tmd) were synthesized for red emitter of the phosphorescent organic light-emitting diodes (phOLEDs)...

We designed and synthesized two 9,9′-bianthracene derivatives including fluorene and diarylamine moiety to reduce self-aggregations due to the non-planar structural properties and thus improve elec...

We designed and synthesized new bipolar host materials 2–4, through microwave-assisted Suzuki-coupling reaction with 1,3,5-triazine unit and carbazole/fluorene group. The photophysical and thermal properties of the synthesized 1,3,5-triazine derivatives 2–4 were investigated by ultraviolet–visible (UV–vis) spectrometer, spectrofluorometer, differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The 1,3,5-triazine derivatives 2–4 have suitable energy bandgap (Eg = 3.15–3.35 eV) and high triplet energy level (ET, 2.63–2.87 eV) for phosphorescent green host. Device performance of 2–4 materials shows that maximum luminescence efficiency (LE) and external quantum efficiency (EQE) of green device A–C were 29.25, 49.67, and 48.74 cd/A and 8.68, 14.52, and 14.30%, respectively.

Three blue materials based on diphenylamino dibenzo[ g , p ]chrysene were designed and synthesized via Buchwald-Hartwig amination. To characterize their electroluminescent properties, multilayered organic light emitting diodes (OLEDs) were fabricated with the following device structure: indium tin oxide (ITO) (180 nm)/4,4′,4″-tris[2-naphthyl(phenyl)amino]triphenylamine (2-TNATA) (40 nm)/ N , N ′-diphenyl- N , N ′-(1-napthyl)-(1,1′-phenyl)-4,4′-diamine (NPB) (10 nm)/2-methyl-9,10-di(naphthalen-3-yl)anthracene (mADN): 3 or 7% blue dopants (20 nm)/tris-(8-hydroxyquinoline)aluminum (Alq 3 ) (30 nm)/lithium quinolate (Liq) (2 nm)/Al (100 nm). All the devices showed blue emission with high electroluminescent efficiencies. Particularly, a device using 2-methyl-9,10-di(naphthalen-3-yl)anthracene as the host material and 3,6-di[4′-(1-di( tert -butyl))phenyl]-11,14-bis(diphenylamino) dibenzo[ g , p ]chrysene ( 2 ) as the dopant material at 3% doping exhibited highly efficient blue emission with an external quantum efficiency of 4.72% at 20 mA/cm 2 .

In this work, the optical characteristics of various epsilon negative tri-metal layer electrodes on organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) are investigated by full wave simulation and experiments to establish a transmittance database based on the kind and thickness of the metals. The established database shows that the optical transmittance of tri-metal layer electrode heavily depends on the absolute value of negative epsilon and the thickness of each metal layer. Tri-metal layer electrode structures were fabricated by sandwiching Ag, Cu, and Al between two Ni layers for red phosphorescent OLEDs. The electrical and optical characteristics of indium-tin-oxide (ITO) based and tri-metal layer electrodes-based devices are compared and the results indicate that the proposed tri-metal layer could replace ITO in optical applications.

In this study, we designed and synthesized blue emitting materials based on diarylaminophenyl-substituted bianthracene derivatives. Organic Light Emitting-Diodes (OLEDs) devices using these materia...

In order to develop blue emitters in organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs), we synthesized two materials, 9-(9,10-diphenylanthracen-6-yl)-9H-carbazole and 1-(9,10-diphenylanthracen-6-yl)-1H-indole by Buchwald–Hartwig reactions. To investigate their electroluminescent performances, multilayer devices were fabricated by following structure: indium-tin-oxide (ITO) (180 nm) / N,N'-di(1-naphthyl)-N,N'-diphenyl-(1,1'-biphenyl)-4,4'-diamine (NPB) (50 nm) / blue emitters (30 nm) / 4,7-diphenyl-1,10-phenanthroline (Bphen) (30 nm) / lithium quinolate (Liq):Al (100 nm). A device using 1-(9,10-diphenylanthracen-6-yl)-1H-indole exhibited an efficient blue emission with luminous, power, and external quantum efficiency of 3.11 cd/A, 1.60 lm/W, and 2.82% at 20 mA/cm2, respectively and CIE (x, y) coordinates of (0.15, 0.13) at 6.0 V.

Aging is the predominant risk factor for numerous chronic diseases that limit healthspan. Mechanisms of aging are thus increasingly recognized as therapeutic targets. Blood from young mice reverses aspects of aging and disease across multiple tissues, pointing to the intriguing possibility that age-related molecular changes in blood can provide novel insight into disease biology. We measured 2,925 plasma proteins from 4,331 young adults to nonagenarians and developed a novel bioinformatics approach which uncovered profound non-linear alterations in the human plasma proteome with age. Waves of changes in the proteome in the fourth, seventh, and eighth decades of life reflected distinct biological pathways, and revealed differential associations with the genome and proteome of age-related diseases and phenotypic traits. This new approach to the study of aging led to the identification of unexpected signatures and pathways of aging and disease and offers potential pathways for aging interventions.

In this study, we designed and synthesized blue emitting materials based on 1, 10-phenanthroline derivatives. OLED devices using these materials were fabricated in the following sequence; indium-tin-oxide (ITO) (180 nm)/N,N'-diphenyl-N,N'-(2-napthyl)-(1,1'-phenyl)-4,4'-diamine (NPB) (50 nm)/Tris(4-carbazoyl-9-ylphenyl)amine (TCTA) (10 nm)/Blue materials (20 nm)/2,2',2″-(1,3, 5-Benzinetriyl)-tris(1-phenyl-1-H-benzimidazole) (TPBi) (30 nm)/lithium quinolate (Liq) (2 nm)/Al (100 nm). Particularly, a device using 2-(4-(9,9-dimethylacridin-10(9H)-yl)phenyl)-1-phenyl-1Himidazo[ 4,5-f][1,10] phenanthroline as a blue emitter showed the maximum values of luminous efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 1.45 cd/A, 1.52 lm/W, 0.99%, respectively with the Commission Internationale d'Enclairage (CIE) (x,y) coordinates of (0.16, 0.14) at 8.0 V.

In this demo, we demonstrate an in-device conversational photo sharing service, termed meChat, which helps users share in-device photos easily in messaging applications by searching conversation-related photos automatically. In particular, meChat understands the semantics of on-going conversation and in-device photos by projecting both of them into a single semantic space. Subsequently, it retrieves in-device photos related to the conversation context. Through this process, meChat makes it easy for the users to share the photos while communicating in messaging applications. In addition, it is worth noting that meChat works in a stand-alone, privacy-protecting manner without sending out any in-device photos and conversations to the external servers. This is different from existing photo services (e.g., Google Photos) which resort on the cloud server.

Aging is the single greatest cause of disease and death worldwide, and so understanding the associated processes could vastly improve quality of life. While the field has identified major categories of aging damage such as altered intercellular communication, loss of proteostasis, and eroded mitochondrial function1, these deleterious processes interact with extraordinary complexity within and between organs. Yet, a comprehensive analysis of aging dynamics organism-wide is lacking. Here we performed RNA-sequencing of 17 organs and plasma proteomics at 10 ages across the mouse lifespan. We uncover previously unknown linear and non-linear expression shifts during aging, which cluster in strikingly consistent trajectory groups with coherent biological functions, including extracellular matrix regulation, unfolded protein binding, mitochondrial function, and inflammatory and immune response. Remarkably, these gene sets are expressed similarly across tissues, differing merely in age of onset and amplitude. Especially pronounced is widespread immune cell activation, detectable first in white adipose depots in middle age. Single-cell RNA-sequencing confirms the accumulation of adipose T and B cells, including immunoglobulin J-expressing plasma cells, which also accrue concurrently across diverse organs. Finally, we show how expression shifts in distinct tissues are highly correlated with corresponding protein levels in plasma, thus potentially contributing to aging of the systemic circulation. Together, these data demonstrate a similar yet asynchronous inter- and intra-organ progression of aging, thereby providing a foundation to track systemic sources of declining health at old age.

In this study, we designed and synthesized three fluorescent blue emitting materials based on indenophenanthrene derivatives. These derivatives were synthesized by Suzuki coupling reaction. Particularly, a device C using 9,10-bis(9,9-dimethyl-9H-indeno[2,1-l]phenanthren-11-yl)anthracene as blue emitter showed maximum values of luminous efficiency, power efficiency, and external quantum efficiency of 7.58 cd/A, 5.87 lm/W, 4.20%, respectively.

Aging is a predominant risk factor for several chronic diseases that limit healthspan1. Mechanisms of aging are thus increasingly recognized as potential therapeutic targets. Blood from young mice reverses aspects of aging and disease across multiple tissues2–10, which supports a hypothesis that age-related molecular changes in blood could provide new insights into age-related disease biology. We measured 2,925 plasma proteins from 4,263 young adults to nonagenarians (18–95 years old) and developed a new bioinformatics approach that uncovered marked non-linear alterations in the human plasma proteome with age. Waves of changes in the proteome in the fourth, seventh and eighth decades of life reflected distinct biological pathways and revealed differential associations with the genome and proteome of age-related diseases and phenotypic traits. This new approach to the study of aging led to the identification of unexpected signatures and pathways that might offer potential targets for age-related diseases. Aptamer-based proteomic analysis of plasma from healthy individuals aged 18–95 years reveals wave-like patterns of protein expression that are associated with age-related diseases and phenotypic traits.