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Civic and political elements play an indispensable role in the process of national cultural development. In the context of the era of booming Internet technology, this paper proposes the extraction technology of the Civic and Political elements of digital art design and explores the effective way of disseminating the Civic and Political elements in the Internet. The mean drift clustering algorithm is introduced to the image to segment the source image into multiple independent and disconnected image sub-blocks to achieve the segmentation pre-processing of the image. Subsequently, the density peak clustering algorithm is used to design the main color extraction algorithm, separate the image from the background by Otsu threshold segmentation and hole filling algorithm, and perform color clustering on the image to achieve the feature extraction of Civic and Political elements. This algorithm’s extraction time efficiency is superior to that of Grabcut, LazySnapping, and RepSnapping algorithms, and the correct extraction rate is over 85%. Taking the digital artworks published on the Internet as of December 2023 as the main research body, the implication of ideological and political elements is analyzed. The number of occurrences and extractions of each Civic and Political element is in the interval of 400~900, and the concentration of Civic and Political embodiment has been improved, but there is still much room for improvement.

BackgroundLife expectancy among persons living with HIV (PLWH) has improved with increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), however incidence of chronic comorbidities has simultaneously increased. No data are available regarding the incidence of hypertension among Chinese PLWH.MethodsWe analyzed data collected from patients enrolled in two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies of PLWH initiating ART in China. Incidence rate of hypertension per 100 person-years (PYs) among PLWH was calculated, and Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the association between incident hypertension and traditional and HIV-associated risk factors.ResultsOf 1078 patients included in this analysis, 984 ART-naïve patients were hypertension-free at baseline, and contributed 2337.7 PYs of follow up, with a median follow-up period of 1.8 years (range: 1.2-3.2) after initiation of ART. Incidence of hypertension was 7.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.5-8.7] per 100 PYs. In the Cox regression analysis, incidence of hypertension was positively associated with body mass index [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.07 (1.01,1.13), p = 0.02] and recent viral load (aHR 1.28, 95% CI:1.08-1.51, p

BACKGROUND: Life expectancy among persons living with HIV (PLWH) has improved with increasing access to antiretroviral therapy (ART), however incidence of chronic comorbidities has simultaneously increased. No data are available regarding the incidence of hypertension among Chinese PLWH. METHODS: We analyzed data collected from patients enrolled in two prospective longitudinal multicenter studies of PLWH initiating ART in China. Incidence rate of hypertension per 100 person-years (PYs) among PLWH was calculated, and Cox proportional hazards models was used to evaluate the association between incident hypertension and traditional and HIV-associated risk factors. RESULTS: Of 1078 patients included in this analysis, 984 ART-naïve patients were hypertension-free at baseline, and contributed 2337.7 PYs of follow up, with a median follow-up period of 1.8 years (range: 1.2-3.2) after initiation of ART. Incidence of hypertension was 7.6 [95% confidence interval (CI): 6.5-8.7] per 100 PYs. In the Cox regression analysis, incidence of hypertension was positively associated with body mass index [adjusted hazard ratio (aHR) 1.07 (1.01,1.13), p = 0.02] and recent viral load (aHR 1.28, 95% CI:1.08-1.51, p

The thermoluminescence (TL) response characteristics of hot-pressed CaF2:Mn (TLD-400) chip at high dose level were experimentally studied by using 60Co isotope sources, and the high dose response curve of CaF2:Mn chip was obtained to meet the requirements for determining absorbed dose in the radiation-hardness test of electronic device. Irradiation experiment was performed on two sets of 60Co gamma irradiation facilities delivering the dose rate with 21.38 Gy/h and 945.5 Gy/h in State Key Laboratory of Intense Pulsed Radiation Simulation and Effect (SKLIPR) of Northwest Institute of Nuclear Technology (NINT). A 0.6 cm3 ionization chamber traced was used to measure the dose rate of gamma irradiation field. The study result shows that the typical TL glow curve of CaF2:Mn chip at high dose level is a composite of several overlapped components, with maximum intensity appearing around 260 ℃. The actual shape of TL composite peak depends on the irradiation dose. Using the dynamic distribution points, the high dose response curve with high accuracy in the range of 1-3 500 Gy under slow heating rate was presented, which consists of two linear regions (1-500 Gy, 500-2 200 Gy) and one saturated region (2 200-3 500 Gy). In the range of 1-500 Gy and 500-2 200 Gy, the TL response increases linearly with irradiation dose, and the linear correlation coefficients (R2) are better than 0.99. But there is a great difference as large as nearly five times in the two slopes of linear range. Besides, the TL response increases no longer with increasing irradiation dose in the range of 2 200-3 500 Gy, and the saturated threshold is 2 200 Gy, which is far below the manufacturer’s nominal upper limit of 2 600 Gy. Moreover, there is no sublinear region or superlinear region before saturation, which is different from the literatures reported. The TL response per Gy increases considerably, reaching its maximum at 400 Gy, and then decreases with increasing dose. The uniformity and reproducibility of CaF2:Mn chip TL response were further evaluated. The standard deviation of 30 random thermoluminescence dosimeters (TLDs) irradiated at 50 Gy and ten repeated measurements in the identical condition at 1 000 Gy are 3.8% and 0.47%, respectively. The TL intensity of the chip stored in darkness at room temperature declines within 1% in two weeks and 4% in three weeks, respectively, which indicates that CaF2:Mn chip has excellent storage stability. After being irradiated at a saturated dose of 3 000 Gy, the TL intensity of the chip in the dose range of 500-2 000 Gy decreases by 3%-9% compared with that before saturation, and the response performance fails to restore by thermal annealing, which implies the onset of gamma radiation damage and the damage dose of about 3 000 Gy. The result provides a new reference for the application of CaF2:Mn phosphor in measuring absorbed dose of electronic device in radiation-hardness test.

Simple Summary: The cephalopod Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune (Hoyle, 1886) is an economically important species in China's seas, but after habitat loss and overfishing in the 1980s, Sepia kobiensis (Hoyle, 1885) gradually replaced its ecosystem roles and fisheries status. Therefore, it is vital to identify the seasonal–spatial distribution variations and characteristics of these two species in recent years. In this study, we found that S. maindroni larvae were present at 30.50° N 123.50° E in winter, and the majority of overwintering populations were distributed outside the closed fishing lines of the China seas. Seasonal variations of the recorded sea surface salinity and depth indicated that S. maindroni moved from offshore to coastal areas in spring, where they stayed from summer to autumn, and then they migrated to warmer offshore areas in winter. During the spring, we found that S. kobiensis tended to be distributed in offshore areas in the northern and in inshore areas in the southern survey areas. We found a greater number of larger individuals in the offshore southern East China Sea in spring and a large number of growing juveniles in summer. Climate change is having important effects on the migration routes and seasonal–spatial distribution patterns of aquatic animals, including the cephalopods Sepiella maindroni de Rochebrune (Hoyle, 1886) and Sepia kobiensis (Hoyle, 1885) in the East China Sea region. We conducted bottom trawling surveys from 2018 to 2019 in the East China Sea region to identify the seasonal–spatial distribution patterns, including the locations of spawning and nursery grounds of both species, and to determine how they are related to environmental variables. We used random forests and boosted regression trees to identify the distribution patterns of both species from spring to winter to estimate the annual mean situations. We also predicted the habitat distribution variations in 2050 and 2100 under the SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 climate change scenarios. From our survey data, we detected increasing biomass densities of S. maindroni from 29.50° N to 28.50° N, where the largest value of 213.92 g·ind−1 occurred. In spring, juvenile groups were present in coastal areas and larger individuals were found in offshore areas. We identified potential spawning grounds at 29.50°–33.00° N 122.50°–123.00° E adjacent to the Zhejiang coastline, and larger individuals and higher biomass densities in south of the 29.50° N line in summer. In autumn, the average individual weight increased in the 28.00° N 122.00° E→124.00° E area. We located potential S. kobiensis spawning grounds at 27.00° N 122.00°–123.50° E in spring. Growing overwintering juveniles migrated to the area of 29.50°–30.50° N 125.00°–127.00° E in winter. The sea surface temperature of the areas inhabited by both species showed obvious seasonal variation. The SSP1-2.6 and SSP5-8.5 scenarios indicated that the habitat of S. maindroni would shift to the south first and then to the north of the study area with the intensification of CO2 emissions, and it would first expand and then greatly decrease. However, the habitat area of S. kobiensis would increase. Our results will contribute to a better understanding of the life history traits of both species and the changes in their distribution patterns under different climate scenarios to ensure sustainable exploitation and fisheries management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nursery habitats play a significant role in completing fish life cycles, and they are now recognized as essential habitats. Monthly variations in nursery ground distributions of Larimichthys polyactis were investigated in the southern Yellow Sea in 2019. Bayesian hierarchical models with integrated nested Laplace approximation were utilized to model the preferential nursery habitats of L. polyactis larvae. The study analyzed the spatial and temporal distributions of the larvae and juveniles based on three environmental variables: sea surface temperature, sea surface salinity, and depth. Additionally, this study examined the utilization of habitats by different fish life stages and ontogenetic shifts. A total of 3240 individuals were collected from April to June, with the peak occurring in May (0.05 ind./m3), and the distribution areas varied between different months. The prediction of the model reveals the ecological adaptability of L. polyactis to temperature variations. The optimal temperature for L. polyactis density ranges from 12.5 °C to 16.5 °C in April and 16.5 °C to 17.5 °C in May, demonstrating a broad temperature tolerance for L. polyactis survival. In addition, there are variations in distribution patterns among different developmental stages. Larimichthys polyactis spawn in the inshore and nearshore waters, and after hatching, larvae in the pre-flexion stage tend to remain aggregated near the spawning beds. However, larvae in the advanced development stage (post-flexion) and juveniles move towards the sandy ridge habitats along the coast and start to migrate offshore in June. This study provides valuable insights for the effective management of fishery resources in the area and can be utilized to identify marine areas with specific habitat features that require conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Pseudogastromyzon genus, consisting of species predominantly distributed throughout southeastern China, has garnered increasing market attention in recent years due to its ornamental appeal. However, the overlapping diagnostic attributes render the commonly accepted criteria for interspecific identification unreliable, leaving the phylogenetic relationships among Pseudogastromyzon species unexplored. In the present study, we undertake molecular phylogenetic and morphological examinations of the Pseudogastromyzon genus. Our phylogenetic analysis of mitochondrial genes distinctly segregated Pseudogastromyzon species into two clades: the Pseudogastromyzon clade and the Labigastromyzon clade. A subsequent morphological assessment revealed that the primary dermal ridge (specifically, the second ridge) within the labial adhesive apparatus serves as an effective and precise interspecific diagnostic characteristic. Moreover, the distributional ranges of Pseudogastromyzon and Labigastromyzon are markedly distinct, exhibiting only a narrow area of overlap. Considering the morphological heterogeneity of the labial adhesive apparatus and the substantial division within the molecular phylogeny, we advocate for the elevation of the Labigastromyzon subgenus to the status of a separate genus. Consequently, we have ascertained the validity of the Pseudogastromyzon and Labigastromyzon species, yielding a total of six valid species. To facilitate future research, we present comprehensive descriptions of the redefined species and introduce novel identification keys. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Simple Summary: Loliolus spp., such as Loliolus beka (Sasaki, 1929) and Loliolus uyii (Wakiya and Ishikawa, 1921), represent a dominant fishing bycatch in the East China Sea. However, their seasonal–spatial distribution characteristics are unclear. Here, the generalized linear mixed-effects model sdmTMB was used to evaluate ways of handling merged distribution data for L. beka and L. uyii to predict the variation in their spatial distributions under different climate change scenarios. Model predictions were validated using cross-validation, while model performance was assessed using T-tests. We speculated that the range and density of both species will vary over time, with some areas in the mid-East China Sea becoming potential habitats. In addition, we assumed that individuals of both species in the northern survey area might migrate to the northern Yellow Sea and Bohai Sea to spawn, whereas those in the central and southern Yellow Sea might migrate to coastal areas. During autumn, newborn larvae in the northern survey area would migrate to the southern Yellow Sea, whereas those in the central and southern areas would gradually migrate to offshore areas, resulting in a distribution ranging from coastal sea areas to the central survey area. Thus, this study provides novel insights into modeling habitat distributions for data-limited species and theoretical support for adapting fisheries resource management to climate change. Global climate change profoundly impacts the East China Sea ecosystem and poses a major challenge to fishery management in this region. In addition, closely related species with low catches are often not distinguished in fishery production and relevant data are commonly merged in statistics and fishing logbooks, making it challenging to accurately predict their habitat distribution range. Here, merged fisheries-independent data of the closely related squid Loliolus beka (Sasaki, 1929) and Loliolus uyii (Wakiya and Ishikawa, 1921) were used to explore the construction and prediction performance of species distribution models. Data in 2018 to 2019 from the southern Yellow and East China Seas were used to identify the seasonal–spatial distribution characteristics of both species, revealing a boundary line at 29.00° N for L. uyii during the autumn, with the highest average individual weight occurring during the summer, with both larvae and juveniles occurring during the autumn. Thus, the life history of L. uyii can be divided into winter–spring nursery and summer–autumn spawning periods. L. beka showed a preference for inshore areas (15–60 m) during the summer and offshore areas (32.00–78.00 m) during the winter. High-value areas of both species included inshore areas of the southern Yellow and mid-East China Seas during the autumn, enlarging during the spring to include central areas of the survey region, before significantly decreasing during the summer. Therefore, this study provides both a novel perspective for modeling biological habitat distribution with limited data and a scientific basis for the adjustment of fishery resource management and conservation measures in the context of climate change. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: The objective of this study is to explore potential differences in brain functional networks at baseline between individuals with progressive subjective cognitive decline (P‐SCD) and stable subjective cognitive decline (S‐SCD), as well as to identify potential indicators that can effectively distinguish between P‐SCD and S‐SCD. Methods: Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI) database was utilized to enroll SCD individuals with a follow‐up period of over 3 years. This study included 39 individuals with S‐SCD, 15 individuals with P‐SCD, and 45 cognitively normal (CN) individuals. Brain functional networks were constructed based on the AAL template, and graph theory analysis was performed to determine the topological properties. Results: For global metric, the S‐SCD group exhibited stronger small‐worldness with reduced connectivity among nearby nodes and accelerated compensatory information transfer capacity. For nodal efficiency, the S‐SCD group showed increased connectivity in bilateral posterior cingulate gyri (PCG). However, for nodal local efficiency, the P‐SCD group exhibited significantly reduced connectivity in the right cerebellar Crus I compared with the S‐SCD group. Conclusion: There are differences in brain functional networks at baseline between P‐SCD and S‐SCD groups. Furthermore, the right cerebellar Crus I region may be a potentially useful brain area to distinguish between P‐SCD and S‐SCD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]