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Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are widely used in consumer and industrial products, and their adverse effects have been studied extensively. However, associations between PFAS and lean body mass (LBM) remain unclear. We examined cross-sectional associations among 1340 adults, aged 20–60 years, who participated in the 2015–2018 National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES). Serum concentrations of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanoic acid (PFDA), perfluorooctane sulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexane sulfonic acid (PFHxS) had higher detection rates. They were used to correlate with LBM in humans. Effect modifications by sex and body mass index (BMI) were also evaluated. Restricted cubic spline (RCS) modeling was used to examine dose-response associations between PFAS and outcomes. We found that LBM decreased by 5.87 kg (95% CI: −7.58, −4.16), 3.14 kg (95% CI: −4.02, −2.25), and 2.60 kg (95% CI: −3.42, −1.78) in the highest quartile of PFDA serum concentration, respectively, relative to the weight of the lowest quartile (trend p < 0.001). LBM decreased by 2.27 kg (95% CI: −3.89, −0.65), 1.42 kg (95% CI: −2.26, −0.58), and 0.79 kg (95% CI: −1.57, −0.02) in the highest quartile of PFOS serum concentration groups, respectively (all trend p < 0.05). The association was consistently stronger in females than in males. RCS modeling further confirmed that serum PFOS and PFDA were negatively associated with LBM. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To investigate the impacts of fat distribution on assisted reproductive outcomes in infertile women. Methods: The study randomly recruited 576 infertile women who underwent assisted reproductive technology treatment at the Reproductive Medicine Center of the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University between July and October 2022. Questionnaires and body composition measurements were administered to assess baseline information and fat distribution. The numbers of oocytes, zygotes presenting with two pronuclei (2PN), and available embryos were tracked at the end of the cycle. Multifactorial logistic regression models and restricted cubic spline (RCS) curve models were used to explore the relationships between fat distribution and reproductive outcomes while controlling for confounding factors. Results: The study found that the participants had a mean age of 30.82 years. The analysis showed that there was a significant difference between the amount of leg body fat mass (LBFM) and the distribution of reproductive outcomes. However, there was no significant correlation between the level of visceral fat and reproductive outcomes. After taking confounding factors into account, the multifactorial regression analysis showed that the total body fat mass and the number of oocytes (odds ratio (OR) 0.92, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.84–0.99), 2PN (OR 0.92, 95% CI 0.84–0.99), and embryos available for transfer (OR 0.90, 95% CI 0.82–0.99) were negatively correlated. RCS modeling revealed a linear dose–response relationship between LBFM and assisted reproductive outcomes. Conclusion: Fat distribution varies among infertile women, and higher amounts of fat are associated with poorer assisted reproductive outcomes. Synopsis: Infertile women with varying fat distribution experience reduced reproductive outcomes when undergoing assisted reproductive technology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]