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In the context of promoting high-quality development in the Yellow River Basin (YRB) of China, urgent action is needed to achieve the “Dual Carbon” goal through energy savings, emission reductions, and industrial upgrading. This study measures carbon emissions from eight types of energy consumption across 43 industries from 2000 to 2019. Using the Kaya-LMDI model, factors affecting carbon emissions are analyzed, and the relationship between industrial structure and carbon emissions is explored through the coefficient of variation (CV). The findings reveal that coal consumption remains significantly higher than other energy sources, and the effect of energy structure adjustment on carbon emission reduction is limited compared to the impact of energy consumption increase on carbon emission growth. Moreover, the economic output effect is identified as the primary driving factor of carbon emissions, while energy utilization rate is crucial in achieving energy savings and emission reductions. Finally, the CV of carbon emissions across 43 industries is increasing. Based on these results, we suggest several policy recommendations, including prioritizing ecological concerns, developing comprehensive and scientifically sound plans, optimizing energy consumption structure, improving energy utilization efficiency, and adjusting industrial structure to promote sustainable development in the YRB.

OBJECTIVE: During menopause, women are more likely to develop coronary heart disease (CHD) due to the significant changes in body metabolism brought on by the loss of estrogen. The purpose of this study was to investigate the independent association between platelet parameters and blood urea nitrogen (BUN) in postmenopausal patients with coronary artery disease in order to clarify the function performed by platelet parameters and BUN in thrombosis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We took information from the NHANES between 2003 and 2016. Platelet count (PC), mean platelet volume (MPV), and PC/MPV were the independent variables, BUN was the dependent variable, and age, ethnicity, marital status, body mass index (BMI), inflammation indicators, alanine aminotransferase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST) were the covariates. RESULTS: BUN decreased with increasing PC in postmenopausal heart disease patients after controlling for other factors. When PC/MPV was less than 30.5, there was a strong negative correlation with BUN. In addition, there was a strong positive correlation with BUN when MPV was less than 9.3 fL. CONCLUSIONS: The findings of this study will contribute to a better understanding of the mechanisms underlying thrombosis in postmenopausal women with CHD and offer fresh perspectives on how to create novel antithrombotic medications for an aging population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims: The purpose of this research was to determine optimum conditions for broth recovery of heat‐injured Salmonella Typhimurium and Escherichia coli O157:H7. Methods and Results: Exposure to 55°C for 15 and 25 min, respectively, induced cellular injury to those pathogens. Comparison was made with the commonly used overlay method using selective medium for recovering sublethally injured cells of S. Typhimurium. For E. coli O157:H7, phenol red agar base with 1% sorbitol was used. After cell suspensions were heated at 55°C for selected time intervals, microbes were 10‐fold diluted with brain heart infusion (BHI), tryptic soy broth (TSB) and TSB with 0·6% yeast extract (TSBYE) and incubated at 37°C for up to 3 h. At hourly intervals, diluents were plated onto selective medium for recovery. Simultaneously, diluents were plated onto tryptic soy agar (TSA) for recovery of sublethally injured cells. For overlays, diluents were plated onto TSA and overlaid with selective agar after a resuscitation interval. Broth recovery conditions for S. Typhimurium and E. coli O157:H7 were determined to be 1 h in any of the following broth media: BHI, TSB or TSBYE. When liquid resuscitation was applied to sublethally injured cells in food samples (milk), 1 h was also sufficient time for recovery. Conclusions: The broth recovery method is a convenient alternative to conventional recovery methods. Significance and Impact of the Study: Cells sublethally injured by control interventions might not grow on selective medium because they have no resistance to several selective compounds. However, injured cells can recuperate and multiply under conditions sufficient for recovery. To repair and detect heat‐injured cells, the overlay method is commonly used but this method has some limitations. This study confirms the effectiveness of liquid resuscitation method on recovery of injured cells. The broth recovery can replace the overlay method due to greater convenience and timesaving. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study evaluated the efficacy of gamma irradiation to inactivate food‐borne pathogens on pistachios (Pistacia vera L.). Pistachios inoculated with Escherichia coli O157:H7, Salmonella Typhimurium and Listeria monocytogenes were subjected to gamma irradiation in the range of 0, 0·5, 1, 3 and 5 kGy, and colour change was evaluated after treatment and during storage at room temperature. Pathogen populations decreased with increasing treatment doses. A gamma irradiation dose of 5 kGy decreased the three pathogens on pistachios to under the detection limit (1·0 log CFU per g) without effecting colour change. During storage following treatment, pathogens were reduced due to the postirradiation effect. D‐values of pathogens on pistachios showed that L. monocytogenes was more resistant to gamma irradiation than was E. coli O157:H7 or S. Typhimurium. During gamma irradiation treatment, L, a and b values of pistachios did not significantly change but these values changed during storage. These results show that gamma irradiation has potential as a nonthermal process for inactivating food‐borne pathogens in pistachios without inducing colour changes. Significance and Impact of the Study: Generally, nuts have lower water activity which precludes the growth of food‐borne pathogens. But, food‐borne outbreaks due to pathogen‐contaminated nuts have been reported in the last few decades. Pistachios are one of the most popular nuts and have many health beneficial effects. However, many pasteurization interventions have been used to reduce pathogens on pistachios, but most of them are not effective. This study confirms the effectiveness of gamma irradiation on pasteurization of pistachios. This may be helpful in nut processing industries to ensure the microbial safety of nuts. Significance and Impact of the Study: Generally, nuts have lower water activity which precludes the growth of food‐borne pathogens. But, food‐borne outbreaks due to pathogen‐contaminated nuts have been reported in the last few decades. Pistachios are one of the most popular nuts and have many health beneficial effects. However, many pasteurization interventions have been used to reduce pathogens on pistachios, but most of them are not effective. This study confirms the effectiveness of gamma irradiation on pasteurization of pistachios. This may be helpful in nut processing industries to ensure the microbial safety of nuts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]