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In the age of technology, the usage of mobile payment apps is playing a significant role in financially strengthening urban areas. This research aiming to identify the enablers affecting the use of mobile technology by the urban poor households in Pune, Maharashtra, India and to identify the user behaviour in technology adaptation. The published literature was thoroughly reviewed with respect to mobile payment, financial technology, and financial inclusion. The data has been collected through a field survey. Simultaneously, a structural equation model is developed using Amos software and Spss is used to perform factor analysis. The theoretical framework is based on the Unified theory of acceptance and the use of technology (UTAUT-2) Model. The enablers are Performance Expectancy (PE), Economic Benefit (EB), Convenience, Technical conditions (TC), Hedonic motivation (HM), and Behavioural intention (BI), Social influence (SI) are impacting the use of mobile apps related to finance under the mediating effect of behavioral intention, thereby supporting financial inclusion. Gender, education, occupation, and income are the control variables. Men are more frequent users of mobile payment apps. This study is unique in the context of urban poor households regarding the use of m-payment app and to understand their behavior and actual usage pattern. The current study also has some implications for the banking and mobile technology industry. They may start new strategies for mobile industries and certain factors such as security, convenience, and technical conditions can influence customer intention of using m-payment apps; hence, it needs proper consideration. Simultaneously, banks and technology industries must verify their privacy norms and make it easy for customers to use technology.

Purpose: In a VUCA world and growing competition within organizations to attract the right talent, it is of extreme importance for the organizations to build employer branding strategies. Organizations need to know these strategies should be based on what factors. This study aims to understand how employer branding can be used as a tool to promote employer attractiveness. The study specifically explores the preferences of Millennial when they are looking for an employer. The study was done on MBA and BBA students, with and without work experience to know perspectives of both fresher’s who without having any experience aspire and wish their organizations to be of a certain kind and students with work experience who tend to eliminate difficulties they faced in previous organizations and prefer for certain values in their new organizations. 200 students took the survey. This study shows what factors the organizations or brand-building vendors should work on to target the right talent pool.

Endocrine disrupting chemicals are xenobiotic substances which interferes with the body’s conventional endocrine pathways hindering its normal function. Phytoestrogens are natural estrogen like compounds which are well known endocrine disruptors for their estrogenic or anti estrogenic activities. These compounds are a major component of our diet. They have a lot of beneficial effects which has been evidenced in innumerable studies. However, their potency to mimic estrogen can cause many undesirable effects which may have impact on the normal health throughout the life of an individual. The entry of phytoestrogens through diet or through various food supplements at some critical points in life elicit impairment of reproductive functions, especially pubertal timing in females which may pose a grave health problem. The kisspeptin signaling system through Kiss1-derived peptide receptor in hypothalamic nucleus is instrumental in the integration of hypothalamic–pituitary–gonadal axis for reproductive maturation. Phytoestrogens act via this system to disrupt the timing of puberty. As puberty is a crucial phase in the reproductive development, and there have been insufficient and ambiguous results regarding the effect of phytoestrogens on puberty of females, we have chosen this topic to provide a brief idea about the effects of phytoestrogen exposure on altered pubertal timing in them. Differences in the data may be contributed to the variety of diet in which the concentration of phytoestrogen differs. We recommend further research on this aspect bearing in mind the time, dose of exposure, food type, cohort size, body mass index, familial history and the epigenetic conditions.

The concept of Training, Motivation, and Performance are the variables examined under the study to evaluate their effect in the Banking Sector. Productivity is one of the most significant elements that influence the organization's general performance, which compromises with different elements like training, attitude, motivation, and work environment for creativity contribute to the overall success of the employees. The current examination explores the impact of worker proficiency and efficiency of training and motivation. A questionnaire was administered to employees of the banking sector to identify the perceived level of training and motivation that emphasizes the overall performance. The three variables were estimated on a five-point Likert scale choice. Five were the most important (strongly agree), and one being the least important (strongly disagree). The sample of the questionnaire schedule was self-prepared. The study result shows that training and motivation positively impact the effectiveness and efficiency of the employees. Also, the study features the training and development procedure of the financial area that should utilize to proper workers and increment their performance and analyzes the needs of training and motivation in the workplace.

The application of nanotechnology in the present era has substantial impact on different industrial and medical fields. However, the advancement in nanotechnology for potential therapeutic and consumer benefits has been an anxious cause regarding the probable hazardous consequences of these molecules in biological systems and the environment. The toxic effects can perturb the physiologic system broadly and reproductive function and fertility specifically. Despite engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) having a wide range of applications, toxicological investigations of the probable ramifications of ENMs on the reproductive systems of mammals and fertility remains in its nascence. Complication in the male reproductive system is quite a pertinent issue in today's world which comprises of benign prostatic enlargement, prostate cancer, and unhealthy sperm production. The therapeutic drugs should not only be active in minimum dose but also site-specific in action, criteria being met by nanomedicines. Nanomedicine therapy is promising but encompasses the chances of adverse effects of being cytotoxic and generating oxidative stress. These hurdles can be overcome by creating coated nanoparticles with organic substances, modification of shape and size, and synthesizing biocompatible green nanoparticles. This review attempts to look into the applications of most widely used metals like zinc, titanium, silver, and gold nanoparticles in the therapy of the male reproductive system, their prospective harmful effects, and the way out to create a safe therapeutic system by specific modifications of these metal and metal oxide nanoparticles.

Introduction Nephrolithiasis affects all countries of the world with an approximate global lifetime prevalence of 15-20%. In India, 12% of the total population is anticipated to have renal stone disease. This study was aimed at providing a relationship between various dietary factors in the formation of renal stones. Methods A case-control study was conducted among 207 patients (106 cases and 101 controls) attending the outpatient and inpatient departments of a tertiary care hospital in Jodhpur, Rajasthan. All the participants with confirmed renal stones by means of ultrasound and radiographic evaluation, aged 15-65 years were included as cases and were matched on age and gender with controls. Pearson chi-square test followed by binary logistic regression was used to assess significant associations. Results Out of all participants, 71.0% were males and 65.7% were from the age group 41-65 years. The study showed a statistically significant association between renal stones and high salt intake, reduced water intake, less consumption of milk and milk products, daily intake of tea, consumption of oxalate-rich foods and consumption of junk foods. Conclusion Dietary factors play an important role in the risk of the development of renal stones. Simple dietary modifications may significantly reduce the chances of the development of nephrolithiasis, especially in the vulnerable population.

PurposeThis study attempts to find the structural relationship between Total Quality Management (TQM) and Corporate Sustainability (CS) by analyzing the role of Innovation Capability (IC).Design/methodology/approachThe authors conducted the study in the context of manufacturing industries in the Indian Micro Small and Medium Enterprises (MSME) sector. In the process, The authors attempt to throw light on the significance of TQM and IC in bringing out sustainable practices in organizations. The authors used Structural Equation Modeling with AMOS to study the relationship between TQM and CS.FindingsThe authors measured TQM through product control management, process control, vendor quality management and customer relationship improvement. We did find a direct relationship between TQM and CS, along with its three dimensions: environmental sustainability, economic sustainability and social sustainability. TQM was found to be antecedent to IC. IC, measured through product innovation, process innovation and managerial innovation, did not mediate the relation between TQM and CS. However, the link between TQM and social and environmental sustainability partially mediates through IC at the dimension level.Practical implicationsTQM can provide a holistic means of nurturing participation and satisfaction of stakeholders for achieving corporate sustainability and in the process, can create an innovative culture for stimulating a circular social economy.Originality/valueThis study fills the gap in the literature by providing a structural model that explains the relationship between TQM and corporate sustainability and highlights the role of innovation capability in achieving it.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to identify and understand key strategies relating to the staffing, employee experience and employer branding of an inventive startup in robotics training and consumer robotics manufacturing space, keeping in mind the constraints and challenges faced by the company right from the beginning to date. Design/methodology/approach A case-based method approach has been used. The Founder-Chief executive officer was interviewed multiple times. Interviews were transcribed for further analysis. Data was also sourced from the company website, news and digital media reports. Findings Human resource strategies used by the company in venturing out in this niche market were explored and linked to the concepts of staffing, employee experience and employer branding. This case can be used for teaching the human resource challenges of a growing start-up. Practical implications With the help of this case, readers may be able to appreciate the practice of critical concepts of staffing and employee experience in a growing startup. Originality/value The premise of a budding start-up in a niche industry, such as robotics training in educational institutions and manufacturing of small-scale consumer robotics, adds to the novelty of the case.

According to Conservation of Resources (COR) theory, change at work can be threatening because it holds a risk of losing valued outcomes (Dent & Goldberg, 1999;Hobfoll & Shirom, 2001) Labour force, supply chain management, consumer behavior and marketing has also undergone a change (Hakovirta and Denuwara, 2020) Outcome as a service model can be the new supply chain model in which product delivery will be packaged with services thereof based on customer desire, most effectively through Digital platform The first research paper by Mittal and Sharma (2021) studied the impact of stock prices in the healthcare and pharmaceutical sector during Covid 19 by using event management technique Covid has been perceived to have impacted adversely livelihood, caused loss of clients or businesses and hampered supply chain network, Online education experience was found to be dissatisfactory due to internet issues, lack of concentration, time management, lack of peer interaction, home-work conflict and inappropriate mode of assessment and have caused adverse psychological impact on learners

This paper examines the challenges that small, medium, and large businesses in the financial services industry are facing concerning data security and providing relevant tools and strategies to protect the same. A qualitative research-based approach has been used where one-on-one interviews were conducted with 10 CIOs (chief information officers) and CISOs (chief information security officers). This data was compared with secondary data sources to validate the findings. This paper presents an in-depth analysis regarding security technologies and their efficacy to protect data assets and sensitive information. It will also opine about the technologies that each business type can use economically to cover the gamut of cyber-attacks. Existing research is restricted to either addressing small and medium businesses (SMBs) or large businesses. This paper attempts a comprehensive review for all sizes of businesses.

Purpose Researchers have studied processes of improving road traffic-safety culture by explicitly evaluating the socio-psychological phenomenon of traffic-risk. The implicit traffic-system cues play an important role in explaining urban traffic-culture. This paper aims to ascertain an interpretive framework of the alternative processes of road traffic safety culture is antecedent to promote traffic-safety behaviour in Indian urban context. Subsequently, the authors discussed the reasons for those relationships exists. Design/methodology/approach Four experts of the urban traffic-safety domain participated in total interpretive structural modelling (TISM) study by completing an interpretive consensus-driven questionnaire. The drafted interpretive model was evaluated for road users proactive action orientation about the traffic-safety decision. Findings The evolved directed graph (digraph) of the culture of urban traffic-safety management was a serial three-mediator model. The model argued: In the presence of traffic-risk cues, people may become apprised to safety goals that initiate traffic-safety action. Consequently, expectancy-value evaluation motivates the continuation of traffic-safety intention that may lead to the implementation of adaptation plan (volitional control), thus habituating road users to traffic-safety management choice. Practical implications The modellers of traffic psychology may empirically estimate and test for the quality criteria to ascertain the applicability of the proposed mechanism of urban traffic-safety culture. The decision-makers should note the importance of arousal of emotions regarding traffic-risk, reduce the impact of maladaptive motivations and recursively improve control over safety actions for promoting safety interventions. Originality/value The authors attempted to induce an interpretive model of urban traffic-safety culture that might augment extant discussion regarding how and why people behave in an urban traffic system.

The purpose of the study was to discover the strategies employed by Information Technology (IT) companies in India to engage the millennial workforce, and assess the effectiveness of these strategies. A concurrent mixed method approach was used. In the quantitative phase of the research, a questionnaire was administered to a random sample of 306 IT employees from the millennial generation to discover which strategies or employee benefit schemes had been effective in positively influencing employee engagement. Data were analysed using Structural Equation Modelling. In the qualitative phase of the study, 18 millennial generation managers belonging to the IT sector were interviewed. Purposive sampling was used. The qualitative study offered a deeper understanding of the phenomenon Employee Engagement and insights into lived experiences of employees. Both studies confirmed that activities related to corporate social responsibility, outdoor and cultural activities, and opportunities for informal communication determined engagement of the millennial workforce in the IT sector. Work life balance and opportunities for physical activities were desirable hygiene factors, but not determining factors for engagement. In the qualitative study, it was found that gamification of learning was not considered a proactive engagement strategy; however, the quantitative study showed that it was most effective in engaging the millennials.

With a changing demography and social structure, the work life balance (WLB) is a major concern felt by employees of most organizations. This study has attempted to have relook at the constructs of work-life balance from the perspectives of banking and information technology employees with various household structures. The present study develops a multidimensional work-life balance scale to measure existing levels of work-life balance. The scale considers work-life balance as a multidimensional second order construct comprising workplace inclusion, family support, employee benefit, time management, coworker relationship, and supervisor-subordinate relationship. The study reveals not only indicators of organizational family work culture, but also personal characteristics such as time management and familial support determine work-life balance. However, no significant difference was perceived in the work life balance was found between employees with different family structures and between the two sectors considered under the study. Also, there was no significant difference in perception of work life- balance between knowledge workers from IT and banking sectors.

This study has been conducted to understand the Sukanya Samriddhi Yojana (SSY) scheme launched by the Government of India (GOI) for the girl child, to take care of their education and marriage. A composite index for measuring the performance of Indian states on SSY scheme investment was developed. It attempts to identify socioeconomic and psychological factors determining the SSY investment. A mixed method approach has been used to conduct the study. Normalized inverse Euclidean distance is applied for computing the composite index. We found that there exist significant regional differences between means of composite index of SSY in India. Male literacy, labor force participation, and women’s empowerment are significant positive predictors of composite index of SSY. The various motivating factors driving SSY investment are wealth creation for future of girl child, risk-free guaranteed return, and tax benefits. Based on the qualitative in-depth interviews, we found that the respondents expect a higher rate of interest on their SSY investment. They felt that the maximum limit for the investment should be removed, and there should be provision for premature withdrawal for urgent needs of girl child. Some felt that there should be equitable contribution in the scheme from the side of the government.

Purpose Lifelong learning has gained significant research attention world over because of its potential to enhance and ensure continuous employability. However, role of higher education institute as a learning organization to develop lifelong learning attitudes among young adults has not been discussed much. Parameters that determine lifelong learning among working professionals or school-going children may differ from that of prospective managers studying in business schools. Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD) have given guidelines on learning organization in higher education context which has not been empirically tested. The present study aims to develop a scale on learning organization based on the OECD guideline. It also aims to explore the impact of learning organization and learning processes on lifelong learning attitude in Indian business schools. Design/methodology/approach The present study develops a multidimensional scale to measure business schools’ perceived level of performance as a learning organization from the perspective of faculty. The scale considers a learning organization as a multidimensional second-order construct comprising organizational climate for learning, leadership support for knowledge exchange, support for innovation, applied research environment and vision communication. Exploratory factor analysis (EFA) has been used to refine and validate the scale. The study also assesses the impact of business schools’ performance as learning organization on perceived learning processes and lifelong learning attitude from the perspective of business school students by using structural equation modeling. Findings The study reveals that a learning organization is characterized by organizational climate for learning, leadership support for knowledge exchange, support for innovation, applied research environment and vision communication. Learning organization determines both perceived learning processes (ß = 0.397) and lifelong learning attitude (ß = 0.259). The relationship between learning organization and lifelong learning partially mediates through learning processes (Sobel’s statistics = 1.82, p-value = 0.068, indirect effect = 29%). Lifelong learning is characterized by self-regulated reflective learning with knowledge gained through various sources including virtual sources. Originality/value Literature adequately speaks about various scales on learning organization, but there is no specific scale developed, so far, for higher education institutes. Thus, the unique contribution of the present study is the development of a new scale on learning organization based on OECD guidelines on higher education. The scale has been developed based on survey of faculty members and students of Indian business schools. The scale can be used to assess academicians’ perception toward effectiveness of a learning organization. Such information would help in formulating strategies on what should be the characteristics of teaching–learning process, knowledge acquisition and knowledge dissemination to ensure lifelong learning and continuous employability.

Qualitative research was undertaken (Creswell, J. W. 2013), content analysis was conducted on the video data and newspaper data, the data were available in public domain and open for all. Phenomenological research methodology (Moustakas, C. 1994) was adopted to understand the commonality of lived experience of migrant workers regarding what they experienced after lockdown, as the migrant workers shared the lived experiences on video camera to the reporters of news channels. The goal of this phenomenological approach was to arrive at the nature of the description of the phenomenon (Morrow, R., Rodriguez, A., & King, N. 2015), that they were experiencing on the ground (Creswell, 2013). Codes were identified and themes were found from the data. Due to lockdown, author could not go out in the field to speak to these migrant workers and collect primary data, hence the rich data available in the field in the form of videos captured by different news channels, and also some newspaper reports, which were available in public domain open to all, were utilised. Migrant workers communicated in native Hindi language; as reporters spoke to them and interviewed them (Bevan, M. T. (2014). The author well conversant with native Hindi language could understand the language well and could translate it in meaningful English language. To ensure the accuracy, it was also got checked by one more expert.

Purpose The purpose of this study is to determine the impact of environment, social and governance (ESG) disclosure on credit ratings of companies in India. Design/methodology/approach Firms under study are listed on the Bombay Stock Exchange (BSE) 500 and represent almost 93 per cent of the total market capitalization on BSE. This study considers a sample of 122 firms from a population of 500 to examine the relationship between ESG scores and Credit Rating. The scope of this study is confined to those firms listed on the S&P BSE 500 which have made ESG disclosures and were rated by various credit rating agencies like Crisil, ICRA and CARE. Data were sourced from Bloomberg. Ratings were given in ascending order. In the first model, credit rating was used as predicted variable; ESG score as predictor variable and market capitalization, net debt to equity, and total debt to asset as control considering the ordered nature of dependent variable in the study, ordered logistic regression was applied. It was repeated taking individual scores on environment rating, social rating and governance rating as predictors. The authors further segregated the 122 selected firms into large, medium and low capital firms and assessed separate logistic regression models taking credit rating as the predicted variable and overall ESG score as the predictor. Findings It was found that overall ESG performance and performance of individual components (environment, social and financial variables such as market capitalization, and debt to equity ratio) had significant positive indicators of creditworthiness as measured through credit rating. Governance score had a positive and insignificant relation with credit rating. Market capitalization was observed to have significant direct relationship with credit worthiness. On the other hand, number of independent directors in companies showed significant inverse relationship with creditworthiness. ESG significantly impacted credit rating in the desired direction only for small- and middle-level firms; for large firms which already had higher credit rating, ESG showed no effect. It was also found that credit rating itself determined significantly the extent of overall ESG reporting and disclosure of its components. Originality/value This is unique study that covers the aspects of ESG reports and its impact on credit rating.

In this research article, the authors attempted to compare how and to what extent knowledge base psychological ownership (KBPO), organization based psychological ownership (OBPO) and territoriality predict knowledge hiding behavior in different knowledge base industries in India. A sample of 429 employees from four knowledge base industries - Audio & Video, Machinery Manufacturing, Pharmaceutical and Telecom - was surveyed on the four constructs. A Hierarchical Regression method was used to determine whether KBPO and OBPO had direct effects on knowledge hiding, or indirect effects via Territoriality. The authors also tested whether OBPO moderated the indirect positive effect of KBPO on knowledge hiding. It has been found that KBPO has indirect effect on knowledge hiding behavior which is mediated by Territoriality in various knowledge base sectors except the Telecom Industry. Territoriality is antecedent to knowledge hiding in all knowledge base industries in India. OBPO does not have any direct or indirect effect on knowledge hiding but moderates positively the relationship between KBPO and knowledge hiding in the Machinery Manufacturing industry.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to understand the deficiencies in Six Sigma project capability and empirically validating its impact on project success. Design/methodology/approach Deficiencies are identified from literature focusing on Six Sigma challenges or barriers. The study used a survey approach by circulating questionnaires to 400 Six Sigma professionals from 40 multinational organisations. The conceptual model is composed of 16 items measuring five constructs for hypothesis testing. Furthermore, structural equation modelling was used to identify the relationship between Six Sigma project capability deficiency and project success. Findings The findings of the study suggest that inadequate top management support, inadequate resources and change management and inadequate quality maturity form Six Sigma project capability deficiency and affect project success. Research limitations/implications The study uses resource-based view to understand the deficiencies in Six Sigma project capability and their impact on project success. The study confirms that organisational capabilities in implementing Six Sigma affect the success of the projects. Practical implications The results of this study reveal that inadequate top management support, inadequate quality maturity of the organisation and inadequate resources and change management result into a deficiency in Six Sigma project capability. Quality managers in manufacturing and service organisations should attempt to improve these capabilities to achieve competitive advantage. Originality/value The study contributes to the literature by exploring the capability outlook of Six Sigma. The study attempts to fill the gap in Six Sigma literature by providing a structural model for understanding Six Sigma project capability deficiency and its impact on Six Sigma project success.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to evaluate the value of internship as a function of the disparity between the initial expectation from the internship and its actual experience. The perceived internship experience has been evaluated through the expectation confirmation theory (ECT). Design/methodology/approach A sample of 106 students pursuing Master of Business Administration in a business school in India were administered a questionnaire to assess their expectations and experience before and after the internship. The self-designed questionnaire based on review of extant literature on internship included items related to supervisor–intern exchanges, significance of prior classroom academic preparation, prior work experience and perceived learning value. Students’ assessment scores on the internship project were taken as the outcome variable. Findings Pre- and post-analysis of perceived internship value indicated a positive expectation disconfirmation. The result indicates that “Positive Expectation Disconfirmation” has a significant direct relationship with overall satisfaction with internship. Structural equation modeling further revealed that perceived quality of the supervisor–intern exchange has a significant relationship with perceived internship value. Perceived significance of classroom academic preparation has a weak negative relationship with both perceived internship value and internship performance. Perceived internship value has a weak positive relationship with internship performance. Originality/value It is first time an attempt has been made to look into the issue of internship from the ECT.

Thiosemicarbazone metal complexes [Cu(L)(2-benzpy)]ClO4 (1) and [Zn(L)2] (2) [L = 2-benzoylpyridine-N(4)-methyl-3-thiosemicarbazone), 2-benzpy = 2-benzolylpyridine] were synthesized and X-ray crystallographically characterized. The metal centre in compound 1 has a distorted square planar geometry while in compound 2, the metal centre has a distorted octahedral geometry. Both the molecules induce cytotoxic effects on A431 skin carcinoma cell line in 24 h incubation and significantly enhances hypoploid cell population in cell cycle phase distribution below IC50 dose. Application of both the two molecules exhibit apoptotic induction and genotoxic activity in 24 h exposure.

Women in a leadership position has been a matter of concern the world over especially in information technology (IT)/ information technology enabled services (ITES). However, for the advancement of women in leadership positions, individual characteristics are not enough. Besides individual factors, it is the detection of organizational factors that enable the advancement of women into leadership positions. The present article develops a multidimensional scale on the perceived enablers for the advancement of women in leadership position in the IT/ITES sector. The scale considers both individual factors (characteristics) and organizational factors, such as welfare schemes, career development support, and training. The article also reveals that individual factors, such as self-confidence, ambition, and perceived competency are also enablers of advancing women to leadership positions. Researchers could examine the considered dimensions of the proposed scale in other sectors and with respect to other constructs related to women's work-life balance.

This study attempts to critically assess one of the financial inclusion policy “Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojna” introduced by the government of India in 2014.,Number of bank accounts opened (rural, urban and overall) under the policy, total balance in such account and total number of debit cards issued till October, 2017 were taken as the criterion variables. The macroeconomic indicators, infrastructure, literacy, regional dummy and percentage labour participation were taken as predictors. Finally, a State index for financial inclusion under the policy was developed through Normalized Inverse Euclidean Distance using per capita number of accounts, total balance and number of debit cards issued as the parameters.,Andaman and Nicobar, Puducherry and Chandigarh came out to be the top three State indexes for Financial Inclusion under the policy. Status of infrastructure (such as number of roads) was found to be the most significant determining factor. Other factors were labour force participation, poverty and regional disparity.,This paper is unique in the sense that financial inclusion policy has been assessed both through its reachability and assessment of its predictors.

The article examines the key factors that facilitate the advancement of women to leadership positions in the information technology and information technology enabled services (IT and ITES) sector in India. It adopted interview based exploratory case study method using multiple case studies and gathered empirical data using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The study identified critical individual and organizational factors which facilitate the advancement of women in leadership positions. The findings are of value to human resource and diversity practitioners to create gender-balanced and inclusive leadership in the organizations that would lead to attracting, retaining and developing women talent for leadership roles.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to examine how internship value is manifested in the context of a business school. The authors have examined the internship experience in terms of experiential learning and employability. Specifically, the authors investigate the factors that determine internship at four phases: design, conduct, evaluation and feedback. Design/methodology/approach The authors have applied a mixed method approach. In all, 110 students of a busines school were first surveyed on their expectation, motivation and level of preparation through a self-administered questionnaire before internship. Based on the survey result, eight of these students were interviewed in details about internship expectations from industry, the selection process for internship, communications or exchanges between intern and companies prior to internship and perceived industry expectation from interns. At the next phase, authors used a qualitative research approach by conducting semi-structured, in-depth interviews with 14 interns and their mentors after internship period. They were interviewed on design, conduct, evaluation and feedback process of the internship. Interviews tried capture what kind of leader-member exchange led to satisfactory internship experience and outcome from view of both inter and mentor. Findings The authors find that at various stages of internship program quality of mentor – intern exchanges (as defined by leadership exchange theory), and task characteristics as indicated by autonomy, task variety, task significance and performance feedback determine intern’s performance. An intern’s performance is antecedent to an intern’s and a mentor’s satisfaction and overall internship value. The authors also found that intrinsic capability of intern such as critical thinking ability and learning orientation result in enhanced value of internship experience. The proposed models, postulate that at designing stage, lower the level of communication from employers, higher the feeling of ambiguity and lower the perceived internship value in terms of experiential learning and perceived employability. Feeling of ambiguity is moderated by existence of prior work experience of interns. At conduction stage, mentor-intern exchange is directly related to flexibility in structure of the program and inversely related to dependency on peer learning. Mentor-intern exchange also related to mentor and intern’s learning value. However, the learning value is moderated by learning orientation of the intern. Originality/value The authors have tried the summer internship experience from the perspective of interns and mentors. This is the uniqueness of the research.

This study attempts to compare ‘the ethical value positioning’ of students of Business and Management studies from India and Germany. A complete enumerative survey was conducted for management students using the Ethical Positioning Questionnaire (EPQ) of Forsyth (1980). There were 134 respondents from India and 57 from Germany. The objective was to confer the differences in ethical positioning of students of two economically and culturally diverse nations. By the end of the research, it was constituted that both German and Indian students demonstrate a high degree of Idealism and Relativism and can be qualified as situationists. Exploratory analysis of the responses resulted in extraction of four factors (values): Non-Violence, Individualism, Non-Consequential, and Situational value. Within the analysis, Indian students displayed a higher preference for Individualism compared to their German counterparts. This study contributes to the literature in cross-cultural ethical value positioning of young managers. This study also opens a window for future research in the factors such as educational qualification, closed social groupings, and background of the students.

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to find industry wise differences in relationship between onboarding experience (OE) and turnover intention (TI). An attempt has been made to find the intervening role of psychological variables such as locus of control and self-efficacy. Design/methodology/approach An online questionnaire was administered to 596 newcomers in five industrial sectors: fast-moving consumer goods, information technology (IT), pharmaceuticals, automobile manufacturing, and hospitality. The questionnaire measured the constructs of locus of control, self-efficacy, perceived OE, and TI. Findings Inverse relationship was found between perceived OE and TI. There is a significant positive relationship between motivation-based self-efficacy and TI which is mediated through OE. Affective self-efficacy moderates the impact of OE on TI, such that for individuals with low efficacy the inverse relationship between OE and TI is strong, but for individuals with high self-efficacy the relationship between the two variables is direct. The OE in automobile manufacturing industries is significantly higher than other industries. TI is significantly higher in IT and hospitality industries. Exploratory factor analysis of the instrument on OE led to extraction of four factors. Based on socialization resource theory, they were termed as orientation, socialization, task characteristics and leadership. Aspects of socialization and leadership are most significant factors in determining TI across industrial sectors, whereas in case of the hospitality and automobile manufacturing sector it was found that better the task characteristics higher is the chance of TI. Originality/value There are limited studies linking various aspects of OE with TI across industries, especially in the Indian context. So, this will be the unique contribution of this research.

Store brands offer higher margins as compared to national brands and enables strengthening the stability of earnings for the fashion retailer. It also allows it to use consumers' insight for its ow...

This article compares the conflict resolution styles of the three generations in the Indian workforce today—baby boomers, generation X, and generation Y—based on a research sample size of 503 respondents. The questionnaire developed by Pareek and Purohit (2010) classifies conflict resolution styles into five categories: three approach-based styles (confrontation, compromise, and negotiation) and two avoidance-based styles (withdrawal and resignation). The study found that Indian workers by and large prefer approach-based styles, with negotiation being the most preferred style across generations and gender. Baby boomers were found to have a significantly higher preference for confrontation than those in generation Y. Generation Y is significantly more likely than baby boomers to choose withdrawal as their conflict resolution style. In addition, male baby boomers are more likely than female boomers to use resignation as a conflict resolution style. The article discusses possible reasons for these findings in the Indian cultural context and suggests future research.