1. Order and information in the patterns of spinning magnetic micro-disks at the air-water interface
- Author
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Wang, Wendong, Gardi, Gaurav, Malgaretti, Paolo, Kishore, Vimal, Koens, Lyndon, Son, Donghoon, Gilbert, Hunter, Wu, Zongyuan, Harwani, Palak, Lauga, Eric, Holm, Christian, Sitti, Metin, Sitti, Metin (ORCID 0000-0001-8249-3854 & YÖK ID 297104), Wang, W., Gardi, G., Malgaretti, P., Kishore, V., Koens, L., Son, D., Gilbert, H., Wu, Z., Harwani, P., Lauga, E., Holm, C., College of Engineering, School of Medicine, Department of Mechanical Engineering, Wang, Wendong [0000-0003-3007-1750], Gardi, Gaurav [0000-0001-6811-4061], Malgaretti, Paolo [0000-0002-1201-451X], Kishore, Vimal [0000-0003-4774-6267], Koens, Lyndon [0000-0003-2059-8268], Son, Donghoon [0000-0002-6483-1589], Gilbert, Hunter [0000-0001-8590-2596], Wu, Zongyuan [0000-0003-2260-7754], Lauga, Eric [0000-0002-8916-2545], Holm, Christian [0000-0003-2739-310X], Sitti, Metin [0000-0001-8249-3854], and Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository
- Subjects
Multidisciplinary ,Statistical Mechanics (cond-mat.stat-mech) ,Fluid Dynamics (physics.flu-dyn) ,FOS: Physical sciences ,SciAdv r-articles ,Physics - Fluid Dynamics ,Condensed Matter - Soft Condensed Matter ,Condensed Matter Physics ,5103 Classical Physics ,Nonlinear Sciences - Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems ,Engineering ,46 Information and Computing Sciences ,Active particles ,Hydrodynamic interaction ,Bacteria ,Soft Condensed Matter (cond-mat.soft) ,Physical and Materials Sciences ,ddc:500 ,51 Physical Sciences ,Adaptation and Self-Organizing Systems (nlin.AO) ,Condensed Matter - Statistical Mechanics ,Science and technology ,Research Article - Abstract
The application of the Shannon entropy to study the relationship between information and structures has yielded insights into molecular and material systems. However, the difficulty in directly observing and manipulating atoms and molecules hampers the ability of these systems to serve as model systems for further exploring the links between information and structures. Here, we use, as a model experimental system, hundreds of spinning magnetic micro-disks self-organizing at the air-water interface to generate various spatiotemporal patterns with varying degrees of order. Using the neighbor distance as the information-bearing variable, we demonstrate the links among information, structure, and interactions. We establish a direct link between information and structure without using explicit knowledge of interactions. Last, we show that the Shannon entropy by neighbor distances is a powerful observable in characterizing structural changes. Our findings are relevant for analyzing natural self-organizing systems and for designing collective robots., Science Advances, 8 (2), ISSN:2375-2548
- Published
- 2022
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