Search

Your search keyword '"Solowij, Nadia"' showing total 730 results
Start Over Author "Solowij, Nadia"
730 results on '"Solowij, Nadia"'

2. Recalibrating single-study effect sizes using hierarchical Bayesian models.

Author

Morales, Angelica, London, Edythe, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Paulus, Martin, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan, Stein, Elliot, Uhlmann, Anne, van Holst, Ruth, Veltman, Dick, Wiers, Reinout, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, Garavan, Hugh, Cao, Zhipeng, McCabe, Matthew, Callas, Peter, Cupertino, Renata, Ottino-González, Jonatan, Murphy, Alistair, Pancholi, Devarshi, Schwab, Nathan, Catherine, Orr, Hutchison, Kent, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John, Goudriaan, Anna, Hester, Robert, Li, Chiang-Shan, and Thompson, Wesley

Subjects
case-control differences, effect size recalibration, hierarchical Bayesian model, inflated effect size, small sample size, substance dependence
Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There are growing concerns about commonly inflated effect sizes in small neuroimaging studies, yet no study has addressed recalibrating effect size estimates for small samples. To tackle this issue, we propose a hierarchical Bayesian model to adjust the magnitude of single-study effect sizes while incorporating a tailored estimation of sampling variance. METHODS: We estimated the effect sizes of case-control differences on brain structural features between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis and non-dependent participants for 21 individual studies (Total cases: 903; Total controls: 996). Then, the study-specific effect sizes were modeled using a hierarchical Bayesian approach in which the parameters of the study-specific effect size distributions were sampled from a higher-order overarching distribution. The posterior distribution of the overarching and study-specific parameters was approximated using the Gibbs sampling method. RESULTS: The results showed shrinkage of the posterior distribution of the study-specific estimates toward the overarching estimates given the original effect sizes observed in individual studies. Differences between the original effect sizes (i.e., Cohens d) and the point estimate of the posterior distribution ranged from 0 to 0.97. The magnitude of adjustment was negatively correlated with the sample size (r = -0.27, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with empirically estimated sampling variance (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), suggesting studies with smaller samples and larger sampling variance tended to have greater adjustments. DISCUSSION: Our findings demonstrate the utility of the hierarchical Bayesian model in recalibrating single-study effect sizes using information from similar studies. This suggests that Bayesian utilization of existing knowledge can be an effective alternative approach to improve the effect size estimation in individual studies, particularly for those with smaller samples.

Published
2023

4. Mapping cortical and subcortical asymmetries in substance dependence: Findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group

Author

Cao, Zhipeng, Ottino‐Gonzalez, Jonatan, Cupertino, Renata B, Schwab, Nathan, Hoke, Colin, Catherine, Orr, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John J, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang‐Shan R, London, Edythe D, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin‐Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Paulus, Martin P, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Uhlmann, Anne, Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Wiers, Reinout W, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, and Garavan, Hugh

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Substance Misuse, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Neurosciences, Brain Disorders, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adult, Alcoholism, Behavior, Addictive, Brain, Brain Cortical Thickness, Cerebellar Cortex, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Middle Aged, Neuroimaging, Nucleus Accumbens, Substance-Related Disorders, Tobacco Use Disorder, Young Adult, brain asymmetry, mega-analysis, substance dependence, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

Brain asymmetry reflects left-right hemispheric differentiation, which is a quantitative brain phenotype that develops with age and can vary with psychiatric diagnoses. Previous studies have shown that substance dependence is associated with altered brain structure and function. However, it is unknown whether structural brain asymmetries are different in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent participants. Here, a mega-analysis was performed using a collection of 22 structural brain MRI datasets from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group. Structural asymmetries of cortical and subcortical regions were compared between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis (n = 1,796) and nondependent participants (n = 996). Substance-general and substance-specific effects on structural asymmetry were examined using separate models. We found that substance dependence was significantly associated with differences in volume asymmetry of the nucleus accumbens (NAcc; less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.15). This effect was driven by differences from controls in individuals with alcohol dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.10) and nicotine dependence (less rightward; Cohen's d = 0.11). These findings suggest that disrupted structural asymmetry in the NAcc may be a characteristic of substance dependence.

Published
2021

6. Subcortical surface morphometry in substance dependence: An ENIGMA addiction working group study

Author

Chye, Yann, Mackey, Scott, Gutman, Boris A, Ching, Christopher RK, Batalla, Albert, Blaine, Sara, Brooks, Samantha, Caparelli, Elisabeth C, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John J, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Jahanshad, Neda, Kaag, Anne M, Korucuoglu, Ozlem, Li, Chiang‐Shan R, London, Edythe D, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin‐Santos, Rocio, Meda, Shashwath A, Momenan, Reza, Morales, Angelica, Orr, Catherine, Paulus, Martin P, Pearlson, Godfrey, Reneman, Liesbeth, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Tang, Deborah, Uhlmann, Anne, Holst, Ruth, Veltman, Dick J, Verdejo‐Garcia, Antonio, Wiers, Reinout W, Yücel, Murat, Thompson, Paul M, Conrod, Patricia, and Garavan, Hugh

Subjects
Biological Psychology, Pharmacology and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Psychology, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Neurosciences, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Brain Disorders, Substance Misuse, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Adolescent, Adult, Brain, Cannabis, Cocaine, Ethanol, Female, Humans, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Male, Methamphetamine, Neuroimaging, Nicotine, Substance-Related Disorders, Young Adult, addiction, structural MRI, substance dependence, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Substance Abuse, Biomedical and clinical sciences, Health sciences
Abstract

While imaging studies have demonstrated volumetric differences in subcortical structures associated with dependence on various abused substances, findings to date have not been wholly consistent. Moreover, most studies have not compared brain morphology across those dependent on different substances of abuse to identify substance-specific and substance-general dependence effects. By pooling large multinational datasets from 33 imaging sites, this study examined subcortical surface morphology in 1628 nondependent controls and 2277 individuals with dependence on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, and/or cannabis. Subcortical structures were defined by FreeSurfer segmentation and converted to a mesh surface to extract two vertex-level metrics-the radial distance (RD) of the structure surface from a medial curve and the log of the Jacobian determinant (JD)-that, respectively, describe local thickness and surface area dilation/contraction. Mega-analyses were performed on measures of RD and JD to test for the main effect of substance dependence, controlling for age, sex, intracranial volume, and imaging site. Widespread differences between dependent users and nondependent controls were found across subcortical structures, driven primarily by users dependent on alcohol. Alcohol dependence was associated with localized lower RD and JD across most structures, with the strongest effects in the hippocampus, thalamus, putamen, and amygdala. Meanwhile, nicotine use was associated with greater RD and JD relative to nonsmokers in multiple regions, with the strongest effects in the bilateral hippocampus and right nucleus accumbens. By demonstrating subcortical morphological differences unique to alcohol and nicotine use, rather than dependence across all substances, results suggest substance-specific relationships with subcortical brain structures.

Published
2020

9. Mega-Analysis of Gray Matter Volume in Substance Dependence: General and Substance-Specific Regional Effects.

Author

Mackey, Scott, Allgaier, Nicholas, Chaarani, Bader, Spechler, Philip, Orr, Catherine, Bunn, Janice, Allen, Nicholas B, Alia-Klein, Nelly, Batalla, Albert, Blaine, Sara, Brooks, Samantha, Caparelli, Elisabeth, Chye, Yann Ying, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Feldstein-Ewing, Sarah, Foxe, John J, Goldstein, Rita Z, Goudriaan, Anna E, Heitzeg, Mary M, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Korucuoglu, Ozlem, Li, Chiang-Shan R, London, Edythe, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin-Santos, Rocio, May, April, Momenan, Reza, Morales, Angelica, Paulus, Martin P, Pearlson, Godfrey, Rousseau, Marc-Etienne, Salmeron, Betty Jo, Schluter, Renée, Schmaal, Lianne, Schumann, Gunter, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Sinha, Rajita, Solowij, Nadia, Tapert, Susan, Uhlmann, Anne, Veltman, Dick, van Holst, Ruth, Whittle, Sarah, Wright, Margaret J, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah, Hibar, Derrek P, Jahanshad, Neda, Evans, Alan, Thompson, Paul M, Glahn, David C, Conrod, Patricia, Garavan, Hugh, and ENIGMA Addiction Working Group

Subjects
ENIGMA Addiction Working Group, Brain, Cerebral Cortex, Humans, Substance-Related Disorders, Alcoholism, Amphetamine-Related Disorders, Cocaine-Related Disorders, Marijuana Abuse, Tobacco Use Disorder, Methamphetamine, Organ Size, Adult, Middle Aged, Female, Male, Young Adult, Gray Matter, Support Vector Machine, Mega-Analysis, Structural MRI, Neurosciences, Drug Abuse (NIDA only), Brain Disorders, Alcoholism, Alcohol Use and Health, Substance Misuse, Mental health, Good Health and Well Being, Medical and Health Sciences, Psychology and Cognitive Sciences, Psychiatry
Abstract

ObjectiveAlthough lower brain volume has been routinely observed in individuals with substance dependence compared with nondependent control subjects, the brain regions exhibiting lower volume have not been consistent across studies. In addition, it is not clear whether a common set of regions are involved in substance dependence regardless of the substance used or whether some brain volume effects are substance specific. Resolution of these issues may contribute to the identification of clinically relevant imaging biomarkers. Using pooled data from 14 countries, the authors sought to identify general and substance-specific associations between dependence and regional brain volumes.MethodBrain structure was examined in a mega-analysis of previously published data pooled from 23 laboratories, including 3,240 individuals, 2,140 of whom had substance dependence on one of five substances: alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis. Subcortical volume and cortical thickness in regions defined by FreeSurfer were compared with nondependent control subjects when all sampled substance categories were combined, as well as separately, while controlling for age, sex, imaging site, and total intracranial volume. Because of extensive associations with alcohol dependence, a secondary contrast was also performed for dependence on all substances except alcohol. An optimized split-half strategy was used to assess the reliability of the findings.ResultsLower volume or thickness was observed in many brain regions in individuals with substance dependence. The greatest effects were associated with alcohol use disorder. A set of affected regions related to dependence in general, regardless of the substance, included the insula and the medial orbitofrontal cortex. Furthermore, a support vector machine multivariate classification of regional brain volumes successfully classified individuals with substance dependence on alcohol or nicotine relative to nondependent control subjects.ConclusionsThe results indicate that dependence on a range of different substances shares a common neural substrate and that differential patterns of regional volume could serve as useful biomarkers of dependence on alcohol and nicotine.

Published
2019

11. White matter alterations associated with chronic cannabis use disorder: a structural network and fixel-based analysis

Author

Suo, Chao, primary, Yücel, Murat, additional, Maleki, Suzan, additional, Hendrikse, Joshua, additional, Richardson, Karyn, additional, Segrave, Rebecca, additional, hughes, Sam, additional, Kayayan, Edouard, additional, Oldham, Stuart, additional, Syeda, Warda, additional, Coxon, James, additional, Caeyenberghs, Karen, additional, Dominguezduque, Juan, additional, Solowij, Nadia, additional, and Lubman, Dan, additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Cannabis Dependence is Associated with Reduced Hippocampal Subregion Volumes Independently of Sex: Findings from an ENIGMA Addiction Working Group Multi-Country Study

Author

Lorenzetti, Valentina, primary, Gaillard, Alexandra, additional, McTavish, Eugene, additional, Grace, Sally, additional, Rossetti, Maria Gloria, additional, Batalla, Albert, additional, Bellani, Marcella, additional, Brambilla, Paolo, additional, Chye, Yann, additional, Conrod, Patricia, additional, Cousijn, Janna, additional, Labuschagne, Izelle, additional, Clemente, Adam, additional, Mackey, Scott, additional, Rendell, Peter, additional, Solowij, Nadia, additional, Suo, Chao, additional, Li, Chiang-Shan R., additional, Terrett, Gill, additional, Thompson, Paul M., additional, Yücel, Murat, additional, Garavan, Hugh, additional, and Roberts, Carl A., additional

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Genetic imaging consortium for addiction medicine: From neuroimaging to genes.

Author

Mackey, Scott, Kan, Kees-Jan, Chaarani, Bader, Alia-Klein, Nelly, Batalla, Albert, Brooks, Samantha, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, de Ruiter, Michiel, Desrivieres, Sylvane, Feldstein Ewing, Sarah, Goldstein, Rita, Goudriaan, Anna, Heitzeg, Mary, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang-Shan, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Morales, Angelica, Paulus, Martin, Paus, Tomas, Pearlson, Godfrey, Schluter, Renée, Momenan, Reza, Schmaal, Lianne, Schumann, Gunter, Sinha, Rajita, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Stein, Dan, Stein, Elliot, Solowij, Nadia, Uhlmann, Anne, Veltman, Dick, van Holst, Ruth, Walter, Henrik, Wright, Margaret, Yucel, Murat, Yurgelun-Todd, Deborah, Hibar, Derrek, Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul, Glahn, David, Garavan, Hugh, Conrod, Patricia, London, Edythe, and Tapert, Susan

Subjects
Addiction, ENIGMA, Genetic imaging, Neuroimaging, Brain, Genetic Testing, Humans, Meta-Analysis as Topic, Neuroimaging, Phenotype, Substance-Related Disorders
Abstract

Since the sample size of a typical neuroimaging study lacks sufficient statistical power to explore unknown genomic associations with brain phenotypes, several international genetic imaging consortia have been organized in recent years to pool data across sites. The challenges and achievements of these consortia are considered here with the goal of leveraging these resources to study addiction. The authors of this review have joined together to form an Addiction working group within the framework of the ENIGMA project, a meta-analytic approach to multisite genetic imaging data. Collectively, the Addiction working group possesses neuroimaging and genomic data obtained from over 10,000 subjects. The deadline for contributing data to the first round of analyses occurred at the beginning of May 2015. The studies performed on this data should significantly impact our understanding of the genetic and neurobiological basis of addiction.

Published
2016

18. Sex and dependence related neuroanatomical differences in regular cannabis users: findings from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group

Author

Rossetti, Maria Gloria, Mackey, Scott, Patalay, Praveetha, Allen, Nicholas B., Batalla, Albert, Bellani, Marcella, Chye, Yann, Conrod, Patricia, Cousijn, Janna, Garavan, Hugh, Goudriaan, Anna E., Hester, Robert, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Solowij, Nadia, Suo, Chao, Thompson, Paul M., Yücel, Murat, Brambilla, Paolo, and Lorenzetti, Valentina

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Sex differences in the neuroanatomy of alcohol dependence: hippocampus and amygdala subregions in a sample of 966 people from the ENIGMA Addiction Working Group

Author

Grace, Sally, Rossetti, Maria Gloria, Allen, Nicholas, Batalla, Albert, Bellani, Marcella, Brambilla, Paolo, Chye, Yann, Cousijn, Janna, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Labuschagne, Izelle, Momenan, Reza, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Rendell, Peter, Solowij, Nadia, Sinha, Rajita, Li, Chiang-shan Ray, Schmaal, Lianne, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Suo, Chao, Terrett, Gill, van Holst, Ruth J., Veltman, Dick J., Yücel, Murat, Thompson, Paul, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, Garavan, Hugh, and Lorenzetti, Valentina

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Daily Cannabidiol Administration for 10 Weeks Modulates Hippocampal and Amygdalar Resting-State Functional Connectivity in Cannabis Users: A Functional Magnetic Resonance Imaging Open-Label Clinical Trial

Author

Lorenzetti, Valentina, primary, McTavish, Eugene, additional, Broyd, Samantha, additional, van Hell, Hendrika, additional, Ganella, Eleni, additional, Kottaram, Akhil Raja, additional, Beale, Camilla, additional, Martin, Jennifer, additional, Galettis, Peter, additional, Solowij, Nadia, additional, and Greenwood, Lisa-Marie, additional

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

31. Recalibrating single-study effect sizes using hierarchical Bayesian models

Author

Cao, Zhipeng, McCabe, Matthew, Callas, Peter, Cupertino, Renata B, Ottino-González, Jonatan, Murphy, Alistair, Pancholi, Devarshi, Schwab, Nathan, Catherine, Orr, Hutchison, Kent, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John J, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Li, Chiang-Shan R, Thompson, Wesley K, Morales, Angelica M, London, Edythe D, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Paulus, Martin P, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Uhlmann, Anne, van Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Wiers, Reinout W, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, Garavan, Hugh, Cao, Zhipeng, McCabe, Matthew, Callas, Peter, Cupertino, Renata B, Ottino-González, Jonatan, Murphy, Alistair, Pancholi, Devarshi, Schwab, Nathan, Catherine, Orr, Hutchison, Kent, Cousijn, Janna, Dagher, Alain, Foxe, John J, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Li, Chiang-Shan R, Thompson, Wesley K, Morales, Angelica M, London, Edythe D, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Paulus, Martin P, Schmaal, Lianne, Sinha, Rajita, Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J, Stein, Elliot A, Uhlmann, Anne, van Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Wiers, Reinout W, Yücel, Murat, Zhang, Sheng, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, and Garavan, Hugh

Abstract

INTRODUCTION: There are growing concerns about commonly inflated effect sizes in small neuroimaging studies, yet no study has addressed recalibrating effect size estimates for small samples. To tackle this issue, we propose a hierarchical Bayesian model to adjust the magnitude of single-study effect sizes while incorporating a tailored estimation of sampling variance.METHODS: We estimated the effect sizes of case-control differences on brain structural features between individuals who were dependent on alcohol, nicotine, cocaine, methamphetamine, or cannabis and non-dependent participants for 21 individual studies (Total cases: 903; Total controls: 996). Then, the study-specific effect sizes were modeled using a hierarchical Bayesian approach in which the parameters of the study-specific effect size distributions were sampled from a higher-order overarching distribution. The posterior distribution of the overarching and study-specific parameters was approximated using the Gibbs sampling method.RESULTS: The results showed shrinkage of the posterior distribution of the study-specific estimates toward the overarching estimates given the original effect sizes observed in individual studies. Differences between the original effect sizes (i.e., Cohen's d) and the point estimate of the posterior distribution ranged from 0 to 0.97. The magnitude of adjustment was negatively correlated with the sample size (r = -0.27, p < 0.001) and positively correlated with empirically estimated sampling variance (r = 0.40, p < 0.001), suggesting studies with smaller samples and larger sampling variance tended to have greater adjustments. DISCUSSION: Our findings demonstrate the utility of the hierarchical Bayesian model in recalibrating single-study effect sizes using information from similar studies. This suggests that Bayesian utilization of existing knowledge can be an effective alternative approach t

Published
2023

32. Brain volumes in alcohol use disorder: Do females and males differ? A whole-brain magnetic resonance imaging mega-analysis

Author

Onderzoek, Maggioni, Eleonora, Rossetti, Maria G, Allen, Nicholas B, Batalla, Albert, Bellani, Marcella, Chye, Yann, Cousijn, Janna, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang-Shan R, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Sinha, Rajita, Schmaal, Lianne, Solowij, Nadia, Suo, Chao, van Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Yücel, Murat, Thompson, Paul M, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, Garavan, Hugh, Brambilla, Paolo, Lorenzetti, Valentina, Onderzoek, Maggioni, Eleonora, Rossetti, Maria G, Allen, Nicholas B, Batalla, Albert, Bellani, Marcella, Chye, Yann, Cousijn, Janna, Goudriaan, Anna E, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang-Shan R, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Sinha, Rajita, Schmaal, Lianne, Solowij, Nadia, Suo, Chao, van Holst, Ruth J, Veltman, Dick J, Yücel, Murat, Thompson, Paul M, Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, Garavan, Hugh, Brambilla, Paolo, and Lorenzetti, Valentina

Published
2023

35. Contributors

Author

Abbott, Jeff K., primary, Atkinson, David L., additional, Bosanac, Peter, additional, Broussard, Beth, additional, Cahill, John D., additional, Castle, David J., additional, Cedeño, Angelo B., additional, Compton, Michael T., additional, Compton, Wilson M., additional, Cortes-Briones, Jose, additional, Deiana, Serena, additional, D'Souza, Deepak C., additional, Duccio, Papanti, additional, Eden Evins, Anne, additional, Fabrizio, Schifano, additional, Fresán, Ana, additional, Gilman, Jodi M., additional, Gupta, Swapnil, additional, Han, Beth, additional, Laura, Orsolini, additional, Lusicic, Ana, additional, Manseau, Marc W., additional, McGorry, Patrick, additional, McHugh, Meredith, additional, Nelson, Barnaby, additional, O'Donoghue, Brian, additional, Pauselli, Luca, additional, Radhakrishnan, Rajiv, additional, Ramsay Wan, Claire, additional, Robles-García, Rebeca, additional, Sherif, Mohamed, additional, Sobolewski, Sara M., additional, Solowij, Nadia, additional, Tovilla-Zarate, Carlos-Alfonso, additional, and Zamberletti, Erica, additional

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. Brain volumes in alcohol use disorder: Do females and males differ? A whole‐brain magnetic resonance imaging mega‐analysis.

Author

Maggioni, Eleonora, Rossetti, Maria G., Allen, Nicholas B., Batalla, Albert, Bellani, Marcella, Chye, Yann, Cousijn, Janna, Goudriaan, Anna E., Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang‐Shan R., Martin‐Santos, Rocio, Momenan, Reza, Sinha, Rajita, Schmaal, Lianne, Solowij, Nadia, Suo, Chao, van Holst, Ruth J., Veltman, Dick J., and Yücel, Murat

Subjects
ALCOHOLISM, MAGNETIC resonance imaging, VOXEL-based morphometry, WORKAHOLISM, FEMALES
Abstract

Emerging evidence suggests distinct neurobiological correlates of alcohol use disorder (AUD) between sexes, which however remain largely unexplored. This work from ENIGMA Addiction Working Group aimed to characterize the sex differences in gray matter (GM) and white matter (WM) correlates of AUD using a whole‐brain, voxel‐based, multi‐tissue mega‐analytic approach, thereby extending our recent surface‐based region of interest findings on a nearly matching sample using a complementary methodological approach. T1‐weighted magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) data from 653 people with AUD and 326 controls was analyzed using voxel‐based morphometry. The effects of group, sex, group‐by‐sex, and substance use severity in AUD on brain volumes were assessed using General Linear Models. Individuals with AUD relative to controls had lower GM volume in striatal, thalamic, cerebellar, and widespread cortical clusters. Group‐by‐sex effects were found in cerebellar GM and WM volumes, which were more affected by AUD in females than males. Smaller group‐by‐sex effects were also found in frontotemporal WM tracts, which were more affected in AUD females, and in temporo‐occipital and midcingulate GM volumes, which were more affected in AUD males. AUD females but not males showed a negative association between monthly drinks and precentral GM volume. Our results suggest that AUD is associated with both shared and distinct widespread effects on GM and WM volumes in females and males. This evidence advances our previous region of interest knowledge, supporting the usefulness of adopting an exploratory perspective and the need to include sex as a relevant moderator variable in AUD. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

42. Functional brain correlates of reward processing in cannabis use disorder

Author

Lorenzetti, Valentina, Thapa, Tribikram, Arun, Arush, Greenwood, Lisa, and Solowij, Nadia

Subjects
Mental and Social Health, Medicine and Health Sciences, Substance Abuse and Addiction, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

To examine how Cannabis Use Disorder affects the function of the brain reward pathways (indexed via the Monetary Incentive Delay Task, MIDT). To this end, we will compare reward-related brain function between people with CUD and controls.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Cannabidiol as a Treatment for Neurobiological, Behavioral, and Psychological Symptoms in Early-Stage Dementia: A Double-Blind, Placebo-Controlled Clinical Trial Protocol

Author

Bartschi, Jessica G., primary, Greenwood, Lisa-Marie, additional, Montgomery, Amy, additional, Dortants, Lon, additional, Weston-Green, Katrina, additional, Huang, Xu-Feng, additional, Pai, Nagesh, additional, Potter, Jan, additional, Schira, Mark M., additional, Croft, Rodney, additional, and Solowij, Nadia, additional

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Reproducibility in the absence of selective reporting : An illustration from large-scale brain asymmetry research

Author

Kong, Xiang-Zhen, Francks, Clyde, Allen, Nicholas B., Heslenfeld, Dirk, Hester, Robert, Hibar, Derrek Paul, Ho, Beng-Choon, Ho, Tiffany C., Hoekstra, Pieter J., Holst, Ruth J., Hoogman, Martine, Høvik, Marie F., Howells, Fleur M., Ames, David, Hugdahl, Kenneth, Huyser, Chaim, Ingvar, Martin, Ishikawa, Akari, James, Anthony, Jahanshad, Neda, Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G, Kaleda, Vasily, Kelly, Clare, Andreassen, Ole A., Kerich, Michael, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Khadka, Sabin, Kircher, Tilo, Kohls, Gregor, Konrad, Kerstin, Korucuoglu, Ozlem, Krämer, Bernd, Krug, Axel, Kuntsi, Jonna, Vasquez, Alejandro Arias, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lambregts-Rommelse, Nanda, Landén, Mikael, Lázaro, Luisa, Lebedeva, Irina, Lenroot, Rhoshel, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Li, Qinqin, Lim, Kelvin O., Liu, Jia, Armstrong, Nicola J., Lochner, Christine, London, Edythe D., Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luciano, Michelle, Luijten, Maartje, Lundervold, Astri J., Mackey, Scott, MacMaster, Frank P., Maingault, Sophie, Malpas, Charles B., Asherson, Phil, Malt, Ulrik F., Mataix-Cols, David, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Mayer, Andrew R., McCarthy, Hazel, Medland, Sarah, Metha, Mitul, Mitchell, Philip B., Mueller, Bryon A., Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Bergo, Felipe, Mazoyer, Bernard, McDonald, Colm, McLellan, Quinn, McMahon, Katie L., McPhilemy, Genevieve, Momenan, Reza, Morales, Angelica M., Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C., Moreira, José Carlos Vasques, Nerland, Stener, Bastin, Mark E., Nestor, Liam, Newman, Erik, Nigg, Joel T., Nordvik, Jan Egil, Novotny, Stephanie, Weiss, Eileen Oberwelland, O'Gorman, Ruth L., Oosterlaan, Jaap, Oranje, Bob, Orr, Catherine, Batalla, Albert, Overs, Bronwyn, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Paulus, Martin, Plessen, Kerstin Jessica, Polier, Georg G., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Portella, Maria J., Qiu, Jiang, Radua, Joaquim, Bauer, Jochen, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Reddy, Y. C. Janardhan, Reif, Andreas, Roberts, Gloria, Rosa, Pedro, Rubia, Katya, Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Schmaal, Lianne, Baune, Bernhard T, Schulte-Rüther, Martin, Schweren, Lizanne, Seitz, Jochen, Serpa, Mauricio Henriques, Shaw, Philip, Shumskaya, Elena, Silk, Timothy J., Simmons, Alan N., Simulionyte, Egle, Sinha, Rajita, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Smelror, Runar Elle, Soliva, Joan Carlos, Solowij, Nadia, Souza-Duran, Fabio Luisde, Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stein, Elliot A., Stevens, Michael, Strike, Lachlan T., Biederman, Joseph, Sudre, Gustavo, Sui, Jing, Tamm, Leanne, Temmingh, Hendrik S., Thoma, Robert J., Tomyshev, Alexander, Tronchin, Giulia, Turner, Jessica, Uhlmann, Anne, Erp, Theo G. M., Blaine, Sara K., Heuvel, Odile A., Meer, Dennis, Eijk, Liza, Vance, Alasdair, Veer, Ilya M., Veltman, Dick J., Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Vilarroya, Oscar, Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda, Voineskos, Aristotle N, Boedhoe, Premika, Völzke, Henry, Vuletic, Daniella, Walitza, Susanne, Walter, Henrik, Walton, Esther, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., White, Tonya, Bøen, Erlend, Wiers, Reinout W., Wright, Margaret J., Wittfeld, Katharina, Yang, Tony T., Yasuda, Clarissa L., Yoncheva, Yuliya, Yücel, Murat, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zanetti, Marcus Vinicius, Zhen, Zonglei, Bose, Anushree, Zhu, Xing-xing, Ziegler, Georg C., Zubicaray, Greig I., Zwiers, Marcel, Project, Karolinska Schizophrenia, Glahn, David C., Crivello, Fabrice, Fisher, Simon E., Thompson, Paul M., Bralten, Janita, Farde, Lars, Flyckt, Lena, Engberg, Göran, Erhardt, Sophie, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Cervenka, Simon, Schwieler, Lilly, Piehl, Fredrik, Agartz, Ingrid, Collste, Karin, Brandeis, Daniel, Victorsson, Pauliina, Malmqvist, Anna, Hedberg, Mikael, Orhan, Funda, Sellgren, Carl, Brem, Silvia, Mathias, Samuel R., Brodaty, Henry, Yüksel, Dilara, Brooks, Samantha J., Buitelaar, Jan, Bürger, Christian, Bülow, Robin, Calhoun, Vince, Calvo, Anna, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick Jorge, Cannon, Dara M., Guadalupe, Tulio, Caparelli, Elisabeth C., Castellanos, Francisco X., Cendes, Fernando, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany Moukbel, Chantiluke, Kaylita, Chen, Qun-lin, Chen, Xiayu, Cheng, Yuqi, Christakou, Anastasia, Clark, Vincent P., Abé, Christoph, Coghill, David, Connolly, Colm G., Conzelmann, Annette, Córdova-Palomera, Aldo, Cousijn, Janna, Crow, Tim, Cubillo, Ana, Dannlowski, Udo, Bruttopilo, Sara Ambrosino, Zeeuw, Patrick, Deary, Ian J., Demeter, Damion V., Di Martino, Adriana, Dickie, Erin W, Dietsche, Bruno, Doan, Nhat Trung, Doherty, Colin P., Doyle, Alysa, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Ehrlich, Stefan, Ekman, Carl Johan, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Epstein, Jeffery N., Fair, Damien A., Faraone, Stephen V., Fernández, Guillén, Flint, Claas, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Förster, Katharina, Aleman, Andre, Fouche, Jean-Paul, Foxe, John J., Frodl, Thomas, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Fullerton, Janice M., Garavan, Hugh, Santos Garcia, Danielle, Gotlib, Ian H., Goudriaan, Anna E., Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Alhusaini, Saud, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gurholt, Tiril, Haavik, Jan, Hahn, Tim, Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Hartman, Catharina A., Carmen Valdés Hernández, Maria, Alhusaini, Saud, Del Carmen Valdés Hernández, Maria, Heslenfeld, Dirk, Hester, Robert, Hibar, Derrek Paul, Ho, Beng-Choon, Ho, Tiffany C., Hoekstra, Pieter J., van Holst, Ruth J., Hoogman, Martine, Høvik, Marie F., Allen, Nicholas B., Howells, Fleur M., Hugdahl, Kenneth, Huyser, Chaim, Ingvar, Martin, Ishikawa, Akari, James, Anthony, Jahanshad, Neda, Jernigan, Terry L., Jönsson, Erik G., Kaleda, Vasily, Ames, David, Kelly, Clare, Kerich, Michael, Keshavan, Matcheri S., Khadka, Sabin, Kircher, Tilo, Kohls, Gregor, Konrad, Kerstin, Korucuoglu, Ozlem, Krämer, Bernd, Krug, Axel, Andreassen, Ole A., Kuntsi, Jonna, Kwon, Jun Soo, Lambregts-Rommelse, Nanda, Landén, Mikael, Lázaro, Luisa, Lebedeva, Irina, Lenroot, Rhoshel, Lesch, Klaus-Peter, Li, Qinqin, Lim, Kelvin O., Vasquez, Alejandro Arias, Liu, Jia, Lochner, Christine, London, Edythe D., Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luciano, Michelle, Luijten, Maartje, Lundervold, Astri J., Mackey, Scott, MacMaster, Frank P., Maingault, Sophie, Armstrong, Nicola J., Malpas, Charles B., Malt, Ulrik F., Mataix-Cols, David, Martin-Santos, Rocio, Mayer, Andrew R., McCarthy, Hazel, Medland, Sarah, Metha, Mitul, Mitchell, Philip B., Mueller, Bryon A., Asherson, Phil, Maniega, Susana Muñoz, Mazoyer, Bernard, McDonald, Colm, McLellan, Quinn, McMahon, Katie L., McPhilemy, Genevieve, Momenan, Reza, Morales, Angelica M., Narayanaswamy, Janardhanan C., Moreira, José Carlos Vasques, Bergo, Felipe, Nerland, Stener, Nestor, Liam, Newman, Erik, Nigg, Joel T., Nordvik, Jan Egil, Novotny, Stephanie, Weiss, Eileen Oberwelland, O'Gorman, Ruth L., Oosterlaan, Jaap, Oranje, Bob, Bastin, Mark E., Orr, Catherine, Overs, Bronwyn, Paloyelis, Yannis, Pauli, Paul, Paulus, Martin, Plessen, Kerstin Jessica, von Polier, Georg G., Pomarol-Clotet, Edith, Portella, Maria J., Qiu, Jiang, Batalla, Albert, Radua, Joaquim, Ramos-Quiroga, Josep Antoni, Reddy, Y. C. Janardhan, Reif, Andreas, Roberts, Gloria, Rosa, Pedro, Rubia, Katya, Sacchet, Matthew D., Sachdev, Perminder S., Salvador, Raymond, Bauer, Jochen, Schmaal, Lianne, Schulte-Rüther, Martin, Schweren, Lizanne, Seitz, Jochen, Serpa, Mauricio Henriques, Shaw, Philip, Shumskaya, Elena, Silk, Timothy J., Simmons, Alan N., Simulionyte, Egle, Baune, Bernhard T., Sinha, Rajita, Sjoerds, Zsuzsika, Smelror, Runar Elle, Soliva, Joan Carlos, Solowij, Nadia, Souza-Duran, Fabio Luisde, Sponheim, Scott R., Stein, Dan J., Stein, Elliot A., Stevens, Michael, Baur-Streubel, Ramona, Strike, Lachlan T., Sudre, Gustavo, Sui, Jing, Tamm, Leanne, Temmingh, Hendrik S., Thoma, Robert J., Tomyshev, Alexander, Tronchin, Giulia, Turner, Jessica, Uhlmann, Anne, Biederman, Joseph, van Erp, Theo G. M., van den Heuvel, Odile A., van der Meer, Dennis, van Eijk, Liza, Vance, Alasdair, Veer, Ilya M., Veltman, Dick J., Venkatasubramanian, Ganesan, Vilarroya, Oscar, Vives-Gilabert, Yolanda, Blaine, Sara K., Voineskos, Aristotle N., Völzke, Henry, Vuletic, Daniella, Walitza, Susanne, Walter, Henrik, Walton, Esther, Wardlaw, Joanna M., Wen, Wei, Westlye, Lars T., Whelan, Christopher D., Boedhoe, Premika, White, Tonya, Wiers, Reinout W., Wright, Margaret J., Wittfeld, Katharina, Yang, Tony T., Yasuda, Clarissa L., Yoncheva, Yuliya, Yücel, Murat, Yun, Je-Yeon, Zanetti, Marcus Vinicius, Bøen, Erlend, Zhen, Zonglei, Zhu, Xing-Xing, Ziegler, Georg C., de Zubicaray, Greig I., Zwiers, Marcel, Project, Karolinska Schizophrenia, Glahn, David C., Crivello, Fabrice, Fisher, Simon E., Thompson, Paul M., Bose, Anushree, Francks, Clyde, Farde, Lars, Flyckt, Lena, Engberg, Göran, Erhardt, Sophie, Fatouros-Bergman, Helena, Cervenka, Simon, Schwieler, Lilly, Piehl, Fredrik, Agartz, Ingrid, Bralten, Janita, Collste, Karin, Victorsson, Pauliina, Malmqvist, Anna, Hedberg, Mikael, Orhan, Funda, Sellgren, Carl, Brandeis, Daniel, Kong, Xiang-Zhen, Brem, Silvia, Brodaty, Henry, Yüksel, Dilara, Brooks, Samantha J., Buitelaar, Jan, Bürger, Christian, Bülow, Robin, Calhoun, Vince, Calvo, Anna, Canales-Rodríguez, Erick Jorge, Mathias, Samuel R., Cannon, Dara M., Caparelli, Elisabeth C., Castellanos, Francisco X., Cendes, Fernando, Chaim-Avancini, Tiffany Moukbel, Chantiluke, Kaylita, Chen, Qun-Lin, Chen, Xiayu, Cheng, Yuqi, Christakou, Anastasia, Guadalupe, Tulio, Clark, Vincent P., Coghill, David, Connolly, Colm G., Conzelmann, Annette, Córdova-Palomera, Aldo, Cousijn, Janna, Crow, Tim, Cubillo, Ana, Dannlowski, Udo, de Bruttopilo, Sara Ambrosino, Abé, Christoph, de Zeeuw, Patrick, Deary, Ian J., Demeter, Damion V., Di Martino, Adriana, Dickie, Erin W., Dietsche, Bruno, Doan, Nhat Trung, Doherty, Colin P., Doyle, Alysa, Durston, Sarah, Earl, Eric, Ehrlich, Stefan, Ekman, Carl Johan, Elvsåshagen, Torbjørn, Epstein, Jeffery N., Fair, Damien A., Faraone, Stephen V., Fernández, Guillén, Flint, Claas, Filho, Geraldo Busatto, Akudjedu, Theophilus N., Förster, Katharina, Fouche, Jean-Paul, Foxe, John J., Frodl, Thomas, Fuentes-Claramonte, Paola, Fullerton, Janice M., Garavan, Hugh, do Santos Garcia, Danielle, Gotlib, Ian H., Goudriaan, Anna E., Aleman, Andre, Grabe, Hans Jörgen, Groenewold, Nynke A., Grotegerd, Dominik, Gruber, Oliver, Gurholt, Tiril, Haavik, Jan, Hahn, Tim, Hansell, Narelle K., Harris, Mathew A., Hartman, Catharina A., Ontwikkelingspsychologie (Psychologie, FMG), Adult Psychiatry, APH - Mental Health, ANS - Compulsivity, Impulsivity & Attention, Child and Adolescent Psychiatry & Psychosocial Care, Child Psychiatry, ANS - Cellular & Molecular Mechanisms, Laboratory Genetic Metabolic Diseases, Paediatrics, General Paediatrics, ARD - Amsterdam Reproduction and Development, Paediatric Pulmonology, Graduate School, and APH - Digital Health

Subjects
P‐hacking, Datasets as Topic, Publication bias, 0302 clinical medicine, 130 000 Cognitive Neurology & Memory, Statistics, team science, Brain asymmetry, Multicenter Studies as Topic, Cervell, Research Articles, Cerebral Cortex, Radiological and Ultrasound Technology, P-hacking, 05 social sciences, Brain, Cerebral cortex, Middle Aged, Magnetic Resonance Imaging, Discoveries in science, Escorça cerebral, Neurology, Biaix de publicació, Anatomy, Psychology, Research Article, Neuroinformatics, Adult, Adolescent, Neuroimaging, Descobriments científics, 050105 experimental psychology, Statistical power, 03 medical and health sciences, Young Adult, Magnetic resonance imaging, Imatges per ressonància magnètica, multisite collaboration, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging, ddc:610, reproducibility, Aged, publication bias, Reproducibility, Neurodevelopmental disorders Donders Center for Medical Neuroscience [Radboudumc 7], Perspective (graphical), Reproducibility of Results, Brain Cortical Thickness, Research data, Sample size determination, Dades de recerca, Neurology (clinical), Scale (map), Developmental Psychopathology, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery
Abstract

The problem of poor reproducibility of scientific findings has received much attention over recent years, in a variety of fields including psychology and neuroscience. The problem has been partly attributed to publication bias and unwanted practices such as p‐hacking. Low statistical power in individual studies is also understood to be an important factor. In a recent multisite collaborative study, we mapped brain anatomical left–right asymmetries for regional measures of surface area and cortical thickness, in 99 MRI datasets from around the world, for a total of over 17,000 participants. In the present study, we revisited these hemispheric effects from the perspective of reproducibility. Within each dataset, we considered that an effect had been reproduced when it matched the meta‐analytic effect from the 98 other datasets, in terms of effect direction and significance threshold. In this sense, the results within each dataset were viewed as coming from separate studies in an “ideal publishing environment,” that is, free from selective reporting and p hacking. We found an average reproducibility rate of 63.2% (SD = 22.9%, min = 22.2%, max = 97.0%). As expected, reproducibility was higher for larger effects and in larger datasets. Reproducibility was not obviously related to the age of participants, scanner field strength, FreeSurfer software version, cortical regional measurement reliability, or regional size. These findings constitute an empirical illustration of reproducibility in the absence of publication bias or p hacking, when assessing realistic biological effects in heterogeneous neuroscience data, and given typically‐used sample sizes., Region‐wise effect sizes and reproducibility rates of hemispheric asymmetry effects. In general, effects with higher effect sizes showed higher reproducibility, given the same conditions (e.g., sample size and data heterogeneity).

Published
2022

47. Brain structural covariance network differences in adults with alcohol dependence and heavy-drinking adolescents

Author

Albaugh, Matthew D., Cao, Zhipeng, Cupertino, Renata B., Schwab, Nathan, Spechler, Phillip A., Allen, Nicholas, Artiges, Eric, Banaschewski, Tobias, Bokde, Arun L. W., Burke Quinlan, Erin, Orr, Catherine, Cousijn, Janna, Flor, Herta, Foxe, John J., Goudriaan, Anna E., Gowland, Penny, Grigis, Antoine, Heinz, Andreas, Hester, Robert, Hutchison, Kent, Li, Chiang?Shan R., London, Edythe D., Lorenzetti, Valentina, Luijten, Maartje, Nees, Frauke, Martin?Santos, Rocio, Martinot, Jean?Luc, Millenet, Sabina, Momenan, Reza, Papadopoulos Orfanos, Dimitri, Paulus, Martin P., Poustka, Luise, Schmaal, Lianne, Schumann, Gunter, Sinha, Rajita, Smolka, Michael N., Solowij, Nadia, Stein, Dan J., Stein, Elliot A., Uhlmann, Anne, Holst, Ruth J., Veltman, Dick J., Walter, Henrik, Whelan, Robert, Wiers, Reinout W., Zhang, Sheng, Jahanshad, Neda, Thompson, Paul M., Conrod, Patricia, Mackey, Scott, and Garavan, Hugh

Subjects
Psychiatry and Mental health, Sir Peter Mansfield Imaging Centre (SPMIC), Medicine (miscellaneous)
Abstract

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Graph theoretic analysis of structural covariance networks (SCN) provides an assessment of brain organization that has not yet been applied to alcohol dependence (AD). We estimated whether SCN differences are present in adults with AD and heavy-drinking adolescents at age 19 and age 14, prior to substantial exposure to alcohol. DESIGN: Cross-sectional sample of adults and a cohort of adolescents. Correlation matrices for cortical thicknesses across 68 regions were summarized with graph theoretic metrics. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: A total of 745 adults with AD and 979 non-dependent controls from 24 sites curated by the Enhancing NeuroImaging Genetics through Meta Analysis (ENIGMA)-Addiction consortium, and 297 hazardous drinking adolescents and 594 controls at ages 19 and 14 from the IMAGEN study, all from Europe. MEASUREMENTS: Metrics of network segregation (modularity, clustering coefficient and local efficiency) and integration (average shortest path length and global efficiency). FINDINGS: The younger AD adults had lower network segregation and higher integration relative to non-dependent controls. Compared with controls, the hazardous drinkers at age 19 showed lower modularity [area-under-the-curve (AUC) difference?=?-0.0142, 95% confidence interval (CI)?=?-0.1333, 0.0092; P-value?=?0.017], clustering coefficient (AUC difference?=?-0.0164, 95% CI?=?-0.1456, 0.0043; P-value?=?0.008) and local efficiency (AUC difference?=?-0.0141, 95% CI?=?-0.0097, 0.0034; P-value?=?0.010), as well as lower average shortest path length (AUC difference?=?-0.0405, 95% CI?=?-0.0392, 0.0096; P-value?=?0.021) and higher global efficiency (AUC difference?=?0.0044, 95% CI?=?-0.0011, 0.0043; P-value?=?0.023). The same pattern was present at age 14 with lower clustering coefficient (AUC difference?=?-0.0131, 95% CI?=?-0.1304, 0.0033; P-value?=?0.024), lower average shortest path length (AUC difference?=?-0.0362, 95% CI?=?-0.0334, 0.0118; P-value?=?0.019) and higher global efficiency (AUC difference?=?0.0035, 95% CI?=?-0.0011, 0.0038; P-value?=?0.048). CONCLUSIONS: Cross-sectional analyses indicate that a specific structural covariance network profile is an early marker of alcohol dependence in adults. Similar effects in a cohort of heavy-drinking adolescents, observed at age 19 and prior to substantial alcohol exposure at age 14, suggest that this pattern may be a pre-existing risk factor for problematic drinking.

Published
2022

48. Effect of Long-Term Cannabis Use on Axonal Fibre Connectivity

Author

Zalesky, Andrew, Solowij, Nadia, and Yucel, Murat

Abstract

Cannabis use typically begins during adolescence and early adulthood, a period when cannabinoid receptors are still abundant in white matter pathways across the brain. However, few studies to date have explored the impact of regular cannabis use on white matter structure, with no previous studies examining its impact on axonal connectivity. The aim of this study was to examine axonal fibre pathways across the brain for evidence of microstructural alterations associated with long-term cannabis use and to test whether age of regular cannabis use is associated with severity of any microstructural change. To this end, diffusion-weighted magnetic resonance imaging and brain connectivity mapping techniques were performed in 59 cannabis users with longstanding histories of heavy use and 33 matched controls. Axonal connectivity was found to be impaired in the right fimbria of the hippocampus (fornix), splenium of the corpus callosum and commissural fibres. Radial and axial diffusivity in these pathways were associated with the age at which regular cannabis use commenced. Our findings indicate long-term cannabis use is hazardous to the white matter of the developing brain. Delaying the age at which regular use begins may minimize the severity of microstructural impairment.

Published
2012
Full Text
View/download PDF

50. Consensus paper of the WFSBP task force on cannabis, cannabinoids and psychosis

Author

D'Souza, Deepak Cyril, DiForti, Marta, Ganesh, Suhas, George, Tony P., Hall, Wayne, Hjorthøj, Carsten, Howes, Oliver, Keshavan, Matcheri, Murray, Robin M., Nguyen, Timothy B., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Ranganathan, Mohini, Selloni, Alex, Solowij, Nadia, Spinazzola, Edoardo, D'Souza, Deepak Cyril, DiForti, Marta, Ganesh, Suhas, George, Tony P., Hall, Wayne, Hjorthøj, Carsten, Howes, Oliver, Keshavan, Matcheri, Murray, Robin M., Nguyen, Timothy B., Pearlson, Godfrey D., Ranganathan, Mohini, Selloni, Alex, Solowij, Nadia, and Spinazzola, Edoardo

Abstract

Objectives The liberalisation of cannabis laws, the increasing availability and potency of cannabis has renewed concern about the risk of psychosis with cannabis. Methods The objective of the WFSBP task force was to review the literature about this relationship. Results Converging lines of evidence suggest that exposure to cannabis increases the risk for psychoses ranging from transient psychotic states to chronic recurrent psychosis. The greater the dose, and the earlier the age of exposure, the greater the risk. For some psychosis outcomes, the evidence supports some of the criteria of causality. However, alternate explanations including reverse causality and confounders cannot be conclusively excluded. Furthermore, cannabis is neither necessary nor sufficient to cause psychosis. More likely it is one of the multiple causal components. In those with established psychosis, cannabis has a negative impact on the course and expression of the illness. Emerging evidence also suggests alterations in the endocannabinoid system in psychotic disorders. Conclusions Given that exposure to cannabis and cannabinoids is modifiable, delaying or eliminating exposure to cannabis or cannabinoids, could potentially impact the rates of psychosis related to cannabis, especially in those who are at high risk for developing the disorder.

Published
2022

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results