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1. "The need is greater than the options available" : an exploration of unmet need within sexual and reproductive health among women aged 16-24

Author

Solomon, Danielle

Abstract

An understanding of unmet need is a key part of addressing health inequalities. The aim of this project is to create an indicator that can be used to measure patterns of unmet need within sexual and reproductive health (SRH) in England. This project comprised five analyses. The first was a literature review investigating the measurement of unmet need within SRH. This revealed several gaps in the literature including: analyses of unmet need within sexual health, analyses of unmet need within reproductive health in high income countries, and longitudinal analyses of unmet need within SRH. The second was a qualitative Delphi exercise investigating the opinions of SRH professionals on the concept of unmet need. Participants felt that vulnerable populations are more likely to experience unmet need, and that an understanding of unmet need would improve service design and delivery. The third analysis used national datasets to investigate patterns of inequality in sexual and reproductive outcomes among women aged 16-24 in England. I found that rates of chlamydia and gonorrhoea testing and diagnosis, rates of abortion and rates of repeat abortion were higher among women living in more deprived areas (when compared to women living in less deprived areas), and higher among Black Caribbean women (when compared to White British women). The fourth analysis involved the creation of the Index of Unmet Need within Sexual and Reproductive Health (IUSRH), which combined measures of the disparities in sexual and reproductive outcomes linked to deprivation and ethnicity. The fifth analysis was a spatial analysis of the IUSRH, which investigated geographical patterns of unmet need among women aged 16-24 in England. Overall, I found that the IURSH has the potential to aid understanding of unmet need within sexual and reproductive health, particularly when used alongside other tools that aim to measure unmet need.

Published
2023

3. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) co-administered with seasonal influenza vaccines: an exploratory substudy of a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Soiza, Roy L., Brittain-Long, Robin, Scicluna, Chiara, Edwards, Carole, Mackay, Lynn, D'Allesandro, Mariella, Nicol, Amy, Norris, Karen, Mann, Sandra, Lawrence, Heather, Valentine, Ruth, Viljoen, Marianne Elizabeth, Pretswell, Carol H., Nicholls, Helen, Munsoor, Imrozia, Meyrick, Agnieszka, Kyriakidou, Christina, Iyengar, Shalini, Jamal, Arham, Richards, Nick, Price, Helen, Rowbotham, Bridie, Bird, Danielle, Smith, Karen, Littler, Olga, Fielding, Kirsty, Townsend-Rose, Anna, Miller, Karen, Davis, Jessica, Elliot-Garwood, Alison, Trottier, Lauren, Edwards, Paul, McFarland, Margaret, Osanlou, Orod, Longshaw, Laura, Stockport, Jane, Grundy, Lynne, Broad, Katharine Lucy, Regan, Karen, Storton, Kim, Ryan-Wakeling, Declan, Wilson, Brad, Munisamy, Malathy, Wright, John, Shenoy, Anil, English, Beverley, Brear, Lucy, Cicconi, Paola, Boffito, Marta, Milinkovic, Ana, Byrne, Ruth, Movahedi, Roya, Housman, Rosalie, Kara, Naveed, Brown, Ellen, Cipriani, Andrea, Attenburrow, Mary-Jane, Smith, Katharine A., Packham, Jonathan, Sparrow, Geoff, Smith, Richard, Rosier, Josephine M., Saja, Khalid, Nago, Nyasha, Camilleri, Brian, Immanuel, Anita, Hamblin, Mike, Osagie, Rawlings, Mohan, Mahalakshmi, Floyd, Hilary, Goddard, Suzanne, Mutgi, Sanjay, Evans, John, McKeon, Sean, Vilimiene, Neringa, Chicano, Rosavic, Hayre, Rachel, Pandaan, Alice, Henshall, Catherine, Serrano, Sonia, Mazzella, Andrea, Rajeswaran, Thurkka, Mathew, Moncy, Bisnauthsing, Karen, Bremner, Laura, Fok, Henry, Morselli, Franca, Cinardo, Paola, Merrick, Blair, Sowole, Lucy, Broadhead, Samantha, Palmer, Natalie, Cordle, Jessica, Goldsmith, Jaimie Wilson, Cooney, Enya, Jackson, Beth, Jayatilleke, Thilina, Cheng, Zelda, Helliwell, Toby, Chudyk, Adrian, Giemza, Rafaela, Villajin, John Lord, Yogo, Noah, Makanju, Esther, Dulawan, Pearl, Nagra, Deepak, Buazon, April, Russell, Alice, Bird, Georgie, Heer, Amardeep, Sarmiento, Rex, Sanghera, Balraj, Mullin, Melanie, Champion, Adam, Bevan, Aisling, Iqbal, Kinzah, Johnson, Alshia, Clark, Rebecca, Shaw, Sarah, Shaw, Steven, Chalk, Amanda, Lovatt, Martin, Lillicrap, Caroline, Parker, Angela, Hansel, Jan, Wong, Zhi, Gan, Galvin, Tuma, Eyad, Minton, Jane, Murira, Jennifer, Saman, Razan, Hall, Alistair, Holliday, Kyra, Khan, Zara, Calderwood, James, Twigg, George, Baker, Helena, Corrigan, Julie, Houseman, Katy, Raguvanshi, Subhra, Heining, Dominic, Weddell, Jake, Glaves, Liz, Thompson, Kim, Davies, Francis, Lambley Burke, Ruth, Thomson, Emma C., Saralaya, Dinesh, Berry, Lisa, Hopewell, Nancy, Gerdes, Leigh, Pacurar, Mihaela, Faust, Saul N., Turner, Jeremy, Jeanes, Christopher, Cooper, Adele, Keshet-Price, Jocelyn, Coke, Lou, Cambell-Kelly, Melissa, Dhatariya, Ketan, Williams, Claire, Marks, Georgina, Sudbury, James, Rodolico, Lisa, Bradley, Judy, Carr, Sharon, Martin, Roisin, Madden, Angelina, Biagioni, Paul, McKenna, Sonia, Clinton, Alison, O'Kane, Maurice, Carter, Justin, Dewhurst, Matthew, Wetherill, Bill, Hoggarth, Thandiwe, Collins, Katrina Lennon, Chowdhury, Marie, Nathoo, Adil, Heinen, Anna, MacDonald, Orla, Hurducas, Claudia, Cifuentes, Liliana, Gill, Harjeevan, Gibson, Andy, West, Raha, Ewing, Jane, Blacow, Rachel, Haughney, John, MacDonald, Jonathan, Seenan, John Paul, Webb, Stewart, O'Leary, Colin, Muir, Scott, White, Beth, Ritchie, Neil, McAuley, Daniel F., Stewart, Jonathan, D'Alessandro, Mariella, Lakeman, Nicki, Purandare, Laura, Browne, Duncan, Tucker, David, Luck, Peter, Everden, Angharad, Trembath, Lisa, Visick, Michael, Morley, Nick, Reid, Laura, Chenoweth, Helen, Maclean, Kirsty, Sheridan, Ray P., Burden, Tom, Lunt, Craig Francis, Todd, Shirley, Estcourt, Stephanie, Pearce, Jasmine Marie, Wilkins, Suzanne, Love-Rouse, Cathryn, Torok-Pollok, Eva, Youle, Mike, Madge, Sara, Solomon, Danielle, Nandani, Aarti, North, Janet M., Hemat, Nargis, Newport, Rachel, Kalra, Philip A., Chukwu, Chukwuma, Wickens, Olivia, O'Loughlin, Vikki, Mistry, Hema, Harrison, Louise, Oliver, Robert, Peers, Anne-Marie, Zadik, Jess, Doyle, Katie, Chadwick, David R., Colling, Kerry, Wroe, Caroline, Branch, Marie, Chilvers, Alison, Essex, Sarah, Stone, Mark, San Francisco Ramos, Alberto, Beales, Emily, Bird, Olivia, Danos, Zsofia, Fofie, Hazel, Hultin, Cecilia, Ikram, Sabina, Mabesa, Fran, Mescall, Aoife, Pereira, Josyanne, Pearce, Jennifer, Sutton, Natalina, Snashall, Emma, Baxter, David Neil, Bennett, Sara, Suggitt, Debbie, Hughes, Kerry, Woodyatt, Wiesia, Beacon, Lynsey, Kent, Alissa, Cooper, Chris, Rudic, Milan, Tunstall, Simon, Jackson, Matthew, Hombersley, Claire, Moore, Patrick, Cutts, Rebecca, Higham, Andrew, Bukhari, Marwan, Elnaggar, Mohamed, Glover, Michelle, Richardson, Fiona, Dent, Alexandra, Mirza, Shahzeb, Ark, Rajiv, Han, Jennie, Hope, Suzy V., Mitchelmore, Philip J., Osanlou, Rostam, Freedman, Andrew, Cooper, Alison, Burton, Katherine, Katechia, Kashyap, Barrett, Michael, Salkeld, Jo, Hill, Natalie, Lee, Nathaniel, Perkins, Jon, Fox, Polly, Toback, Seth, Galiza, Eva, Cosgrove, Catherine, Galloway, James, Goodman, Anna L, Swift, Pauline A, Rajaram, Sankarasubramanian, Graves-Jones, Alison, Edelman, Jonathan, Burns, Fiona, Minassian, Angela M, Cho, Iksung, Kumar, Lakshmi, Plested, Joyce S, Rivers, E Joy, Robertson, Andreana, Dubovsky, Filip, Glenn, Greg, and Heath, Paul T

Published
2022
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5. Seroprevalence of SARS-CoV-2 among Blood Donors and Changes after Introduction of Public Health and Social Measures, London, UK

Author

Amirthalingam, Gayatri, Whitaker, Heather, Brooks, Tim, Brown, Kevin, Hoschler, Katja, Linley, Ezra, Borrow, Ray, Brown, Colin, Watkins, Nick, Roberts, David J., Solomon, Danielle, Gower, Charlotte M., Waroux, Olivier le Polain de, Andrews, Nick J., and Ramsay, Mary E.

Subjects
Epidemics -- Statistics -- Control -- United Kingdom, Blood donors -- Statistics -- Health aspects, Health
Abstract

The first confirmed cases of coronavirus disease (COVID-19) in the United Kingdom were identified at the end of January 2020. As cases increased across all regions, surveillance data indicated that [...]

Published
2021
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11. Systematic review of the body of evidence for the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of dementia

Author

Noel-Storr, Anna H., Flicker, Leon, Ritchie, Craig W., Nguyen, Giang Huong, Gupta, Tarun, Wood, Phillip, Walton, Josephine, Desai, Meera, Solomon, Danielle Fraser, Molena, Emma, Worrall, Rosemary, Hayen, Anja, Choudhary, Prateek, Ladds, Emma, Lanctôt, Krista L., Verhey, Frans R., McCleery, Jenny M., Mead, Gillian E., Clare, Linda, Fioravanti, Mario, Hyde, Chris, Marcus, Sue, and McShane, Rupert

Published
2013
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13. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) co-administered with seasonal influenza vaccines: an exploratory substudy of a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Toback, Seth, primary, Galiza, Eva, additional, Cosgrove, Catherine, additional, Galloway, James, additional, Goodman, Anna L, additional, Swift, Pauline A, additional, Rajaram, Sankarasubramanian, additional, Graves-Jones, Alison, additional, Edelman, Jonathan, additional, Burns, Fiona, additional, Minassian, Angela M, additional, Cho, Iksung, additional, Kumar, Lakshmi, additional, Plested, Joyce S, additional, Rivers, E Joy, additional, Robertson, Andreana, additional, Dubovsky, Filip, additional, Glenn, Greg, additional, Heath, Paul T, additional, Soiza, Roy L., additional, Brittain-Long, Robin, additional, Scicluna, Chiara, additional, Edwards, Carole, additional, Mackay, Lynn, additional, D'Allesandro, Mariella, additional, Nicol, Amy, additional, Norris, Karen, additional, Mann, Sandra, additional, Lawrence, Heather, additional, Valentine, Ruth, additional, Viljoen, Marianne Elizabeth, additional, Pretswell, Carol H., additional, Nicholls, Helen, additional, Munsoor, Imrozia, additional, Meyrick, Agnieszka, additional, Kyriakidou, Christina, additional, Iyengar, Shalini, additional, Jamal, Arham, additional, Richards, Nick, additional, Price, Helen, additional, Rowbotham, Bridie, additional, Bird, Danielle, additional, Smith, Karen, additional, Littler, Olga, additional, Fielding, Kirsty, additional, Townsend-Rose, Anna, additional, Miller, Karen, additional, Davis, Jessica, additional, Elliot-Garwood, Alison, additional, Trottier, Lauren, additional, Edwards, Paul, additional, McFarland, Margaret, additional, Osanlou, Orod, additional, Longshaw, Laura, additional, Stockport, Jane, additional, Grundy, Lynne, additional, Broad, Katharine Lucy, additional, Regan, Karen, additional, Storton, Kim, additional, Ryan-Wakeling, Declan, additional, Wilson, Brad, additional, Munisamy, Malathy, additional, Wright, John, additional, Shenoy, Anil, additional, English, Beverley, additional, Brear, Lucy, additional, Cicconi, Paola, additional, Boffito, Marta, additional, Milinkovic, Ana, additional, Byrne, Ruth, additional, Movahedi, Roya, additional, Housman, Rosalie, additional, Kara, Naveed, additional, Brown, Ellen, additional, Cipriani, Andrea, additional, Attenburrow, Mary-Jane, additional, Smith, Katharine A., additional, Packham, Jonathan, additional, Sparrow, Geoff, additional, Smith, Richard, additional, Rosier, Josephine M., additional, Saja, Khalid, additional, Nago, Nyasha, additional, Camilleri, Brian, additional, Immanuel, Anita, additional, Hamblin, Mike, additional, Osagie, Rawlings, additional, Mohan, Mahalakshmi, additional, Floyd, Hilary, additional, Goddard, Suzanne, additional, Mutgi, Sanjay, additional, Evans, John, additional, McKeon, Sean, additional, Vilimiene, Neringa, additional, Chicano, Rosavic, additional, Hayre, Rachel, additional, Pandaan, Alice, additional, Henshall, Catherine, additional, Serrano, Sonia, additional, Mazzella, Andrea, additional, Rajeswaran, Thurkka, additional, Mathew, Moncy, additional, Bisnauthsing, Karen, additional, Bremner, Laura, additional, Fok, Henry, additional, Morselli, Franca, additional, Cinardo, Paola, additional, Merrick, Blair, additional, Sowole, Lucy, additional, Broadhead, Samantha, additional, Palmer, Natalie, additional, Cordle, Jessica, additional, Goldsmith, Jaimie Wilson, additional, Cooney, Enya, additional, Jackson, Beth, additional, Jayatilleke, Thilina, additional, Cheng, Zelda, additional, Helliwell, Toby, additional, Chudyk, Adrian, additional, Giemza, Rafaela, additional, Villajin, John Lord, additional, Yogo, Noah, additional, Makanju, Esther, additional, Dulawan, Pearl, additional, Nagra, Deepak, additional, Buazon, April, additional, Russell, Alice, additional, Bird, Georgie, additional, Heer, Amardeep, additional, Sarmiento, Rex, additional, Sanghera, Balraj, additional, Mullin, Melanie, additional, Champion, Adam, additional, Bevan, Aisling, additional, Iqbal, Kinzah, additional, Johnson, Alshia, additional, Clark, Rebecca, additional, Shaw, Sarah, additional, Shaw, Steven, additional, Chalk, Amanda, additional, Lovatt, Martin, additional, Lillicrap, Caroline, additional, Parker, Angela, additional, Hansel, Jan, additional, Wong, Zhi, additional, Gan, Galvin, additional, Tuma, Eyad, additional, Minton, Jane, additional, Murira, Jennifer, additional, Saman, Razan, additional, Hall, Alistair, additional, Holliday, Kyra, additional, Khan, Zara, additional, Calderwood, James, additional, Twigg, George, additional, Baker, Helena, additional, Corrigan, Julie, additional, Houseman, Katy, additional, Raguvanshi, Subhra, additional, Heining, Dominic, additional, Weddell, Jake, additional, Glaves, Liz, additional, Thompson, Kim, additional, Davies, Francis, additional, Lambley Burke, Ruth, additional, Thomson, Emma C., additional, Saralaya, Dinesh, additional, Berry, Lisa, additional, Hopewell, Nancy, additional, Gerdes, Leigh, additional, Pacurar, Mihaela, additional, Faust, Saul N., additional, Turner, Jeremy, additional, Jeanes, Christopher, additional, Cooper, Adele, additional, Keshet-Price, Jocelyn, additional, Coke, Lou, additional, Cambell-Kelly, Melissa, additional, Dhatariya, Ketan, additional, Williams, Claire, additional, Marks, Georgina, additional, Sudbury, James, additional, Rodolico, Lisa, additional, Bradley, Judy, additional, Carr, Sharon, additional, Martin, Roisin, additional, Madden, Angelina, additional, Biagioni, Paul, additional, McKenna, Sonia, additional, Clinton, Alison, additional, O'Kane, Maurice, additional, Carter, Justin, additional, Dewhurst, Matthew, additional, Wetherill, Bill, additional, Hoggarth, Thandiwe, additional, Collins, Katrina Lennon, additional, Chowdhury, Marie, additional, Nathoo, Adil, additional, Heinen, Anna, additional, MacDonald, Orla, additional, Hurducas, Claudia, additional, Cifuentes, Liliana, additional, Gill, Harjeevan, additional, Gibson, Andy, additional, West, Raha, additional, Ewing, Jane, additional, Blacow, Rachel, additional, Haughney, John, additional, MacDonald, Jonathan, additional, Seenan, John Paul, additional, Webb, Stewart, additional, O'Leary, Colin, additional, Muir, Scott, additional, White, Beth, additional, Ritchie, Neil, additional, McAuley, Daniel F., additional, Stewart, Jonathan, additional, D'Alessandro, Mariella, additional, Lakeman, Nicki, additional, Purandare, Laura, additional, Browne, Duncan, additional, Tucker, David, additional, Luck, Peter, additional, Everden, Angharad, additional, Trembath, Lisa, additional, Visick, Michael, additional, Morley, Nick, additional, Reid, Laura, additional, Chenoweth, Helen, additional, Maclean, Kirsty, additional, Sheridan, Ray P., additional, Burden, Tom, additional, Lunt, Craig Francis, additional, Todd, Shirley, additional, Estcourt, Stephanie, additional, Pearce, Jasmine Marie, additional, Wilkins, Suzanne, additional, Love-Rouse, Cathryn, additional, Torok-Pollok, Eva, additional, Youle, Mike, additional, Madge, Sara, additional, Solomon, Danielle, additional, Nandani, Aarti, additional, North, Janet M., additional, Hemat, Nargis, additional, Newport, Rachel, additional, Kalra, Philip A., additional, Chukwu, Chukwuma, additional, Wickens, Olivia, additional, O'Loughlin, Vikki, additional, Mistry, Hema, additional, Harrison, Louise, additional, Oliver, Robert, additional, Peers, Anne-Marie, additional, Zadik, Jess, additional, Doyle, Katie, additional, Chadwick, David R., additional, Colling, Kerry, additional, Wroe, Caroline, additional, Branch, Marie, additional, Chilvers, Alison, additional, Essex, Sarah, additional, Stone, Mark, additional, San Francisco Ramos, Alberto, additional, Beales, Emily, additional, Bird, Olivia, additional, Danos, Zsofia, additional, Fofie, Hazel, additional, Hultin, Cecilia, additional, Ikram, Sabina, additional, Mabesa, Fran, additional, Mescall, Aoife, additional, Pereira, Josyanne, additional, Pearce, Jennifer, additional, Sutton, Natalina, additional, Snashall, Emma, additional, Baxter, David Neil, additional, Bennett, Sara, additional, Suggitt, Debbie, additional, Hughes, Kerry, additional, Woodyatt, Wiesia, additional, Beacon, Lynsey, additional, Kent, Alissa, additional, Cooper, Chris, additional, Rudic, Milan, additional, Tunstall, Simon, additional, Jackson, Matthew, additional, Hombersley, Claire, additional, Moore, Patrick, additional, Cutts, Rebecca, additional, Higham, Andrew, additional, Bukhari, Marwan, additional, Elnaggar, Mohamed, additional, Glover, Michelle, additional, Richardson, Fiona, additional, Dent, Alexandra, additional, Mirza, Shahzeb, additional, Ark, Rajiv, additional, Han, Jennie, additional, Hope, Suzy V., additional, Mitchelmore, Philip J., additional, Osanlou, Rostam, additional, Freedman, Andrew, additional, Cooper, Alison, additional, Burton, Katherine, additional, Katechia, Kashyap, additional, Barrett, Michael, additional, Salkeld, Jo, additional, Hill, Natalie, additional, Lee, Nathaniel, additional, Perkins, Jon, additional, and Fox, Polly, additional

Published
2022
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20. The association between severe menopausal symptoms and engagement with HIV care and treatment in women living with HIV

Author

Solomon, Danielle, primary, Sabin, Caroline A., additional, Burns, Fiona, additional, Gilson, Richard, additional, Allan, Sris, additional, de Ruiter, Annamiek, additional, Dhairyawan, Rageshri, additional, Fox, Julie, additional, Gilleece, Yvonne, additional, Jones, Rachael, additional, Post, Frank, additional, Reeves, Iain, additional, Ross, Jonathan, additional, Ustianowski, Andrew, additional, Shepherd, Jane, additional, and Tariq, S., additional

Published
2020
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21. The association between severe menopausal symptoms and engagement with HIV care and treatment in women living with HIV.

Author

Solomon, Danielle, Sabin, Caroline A., Burns, Fiona, Gilson, Richard, Allan, Sris, de Ruiter, Annamiek, Dhairyawan, Rageshri, Fox, Julie, Gilleece, Yvonne, Jones, Rachael, Post, Frank, Reeves, Iain, Ross, Jonathan, Ustianowski, Andrew, Shepherd, Jane, and Tariq, S.

Subjects
*DISEASE complications, *CLINICAL drug trials, *SYMPTOMS, *CONFIDENCE intervals, *HIV infections, *PSYCHOLOGY of HIV-positive persons, *MEDICAL care use, *PATIENT compliance, *QUESTIONNAIRES, *LOGISTIC regression analysis, *ANTIRETROVIRAL agents, *SEVERITY of illness index, *POSTMENOPAUSE, *ODDS ratio
Abstract

Using data from the PRIME Study, an observational study of the menopause in women living with HIV in England, we explored the association between menopausal symptoms and: (i) antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence and (ii) HIV clinic attendance. We measured menopausal symptom severity with the Menopause Rating Scale (MRS, score ≥17 indicating severe symptoms), adherence with the CPCRA Antiretroviral Medication Adherence Self-Report Form, and ascertained HIV clinic attendance via self-report. Odds ratios were obtained using logistic regression. Women who reported severe menopausal symptoms had greater odds of suboptimal ART adherence (adjusted odds ratio (AOR) 2.22; 95% CI 1.13, 4.35) and suboptimal clinic attendance (AOR 1.52; 95% CI 1.01, 2.29). When psychological, somatic and urogenital domains of the MRS were analysed individually there was no association between adherence and severe symptoms (all p > 0.1), however there was an association between suboptimal HIV clinic attendance and severe somatic (AOR 1.98; 95% CI 1.24, 3.16) and psychological (AOR 1.76; 95% CI 1.17, 2.65) symptoms. Severe menopausal symptoms were significantly associated with sub-optimal ART adherence and HIV clinic attendance, however we cannot infer causality, highlighting the need for longitudinal data. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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25. Systematic review of the body of evidence for the use of biomarkers in the diagnosis of dementia

Author

Noel‐Storr, Anna H., primary, Flicker, Leon, additional, Ritchie, Craig W., additional, Nguyen, Giang Huong, additional, Gupta, Tarun, additional, Wood, Phillip, additional, Walton, Josephine, additional, Desai, Meera, additional, Solomon, Danielle Fraser, additional, Molena, Emma, additional, Worrall, Rosemary, additional, Hayen, Anja, additional, Choudhary, Prateek, additional, Ladds, Emma, additional, Lanctôt, Krista L., additional, Verhey, Frans R., additional, McCleery, Jenny M., additional, Mead, Gillian E., additional, Clare, Linda, additional, Fioravanti, Mario, additional, Hyde, Chris, additional, Marcus, Sue, additional, and McShane, Rupert, additional

Published
2012
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27. Characterization of Halyomorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bug) biogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their role in secondary organic aerosol formation.

Author

Solomon, Danielle, Dutcher, Dabrina, and Raymond, Timothy

Subjects
*STINKBUGS, *AEROSOLS, *EMISSIONS (Air pollution), *MASS spectrometer focusing systems, *GAS chromatography
Abstract

The formation of aerosols is a key component in understanding cloud formation in the context of radiative forcings and global climate modeling. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are a significant source of aerosols, yet there is still much to be learned about their structures, sources, and interactions. The aims of this project were to identify the BVOCs found in the defense chemicals of the brown marmorated stink bugHalymorpha halysand quantify them using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and test whether oxidation of these compounds by ozone-promoted aerosol and cloud seed formation. The bugs were tested under two conditions: agitation by asphyxiation and direct glandular exposure. Tridecane, 2(5H)-furanone 5-ethyl, and (E)-2-decenal were identified as the three most abundant compounds.H. halyswere also tested in the agitated condition in a smog chamber. It was found that in the presence of 100–180 ppm ozone, secondary aerosols do form. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and a cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) were used to characterize the secondary aerosols that formed. This reaction resulted in 0.23 µg/bug of particulate mass. It was also found that these secondary organic aerosol particles could act as cloud condensation nuclei. At a supersaturation of 1%, we found a kappa value of 0.09. Once regional populations of these stink bugs stablilize and the populations estimates can be made, the additional impacts of their contribution to regional air quality can be calculated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2013
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28. Characterization of Halyomorpha halys(brown marmorated stink bug) biogenic volatile organic compound emissions and their role in secondary organic aerosol formation

Author

Solomon, Danielle, Dutcher, Dabrina, and Raymond, Timothy

Abstract

The formation of aerosols is a key component in understanding cloud formation in the context of radiative forcings and global climate modeling. Biogenic volatile organic compounds (BVOCs) are a significant source of aerosols, yet there is still much to be learned about their structures, sources, and interactions. The aims of this project were to identify the BVOCs found in the defense chemicals of the brown marmorated stink bug Halymorpha halysand quantify them using gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (GC/MS) and test whether oxidation of these compounds by ozone-promoted aerosol and cloud seed formation. The bugs were tested under two conditions: agitation by asphyxiation and direct glandular exposure. Tridecane, 2(5H)-furanone 5-ethyl, and (E)-2-decenal were identified as the three most abundant compounds. H. halyswere also tested in the agitated condition in a smog chamber. It was found that in the presence of 100–180 ppm ozone, secondary aerosols do form. A scanning mobility particle sizer (SMPS) and a cloud condensation nuclei counter (CCNC) were used to characterize the secondary aerosols that formed. This reaction resulted in 0.23 µg/bug of particulate mass. It was also found that these secondary organic aerosol particles could act as cloud condensation nuclei. At a supersaturation of 1%, we found a kappa value of 0.09. Once regional populations of these stink bugs stablilize and the populations estimates can be made, the additional impacts of their contribution to regional air quality can be calculated.Implications:Halymorpha halys (brown marmorated stink bugs) are a relatively new invasive species introduced in the United States near Allentown, Pennsylvania. The authors chemically speciated the bugs’ defense pheromones and found that tridecane, 5-ethyl-2(5H)-furanone, and (E)-2-decenal dominated their emissions. Their defense emissions were reacted with atmospherically relevant concentrations of ozone and resulted in 0.23 μg of particulate matter per emission per bug. Due to the large population of these bugs in some regions, these emissions could contribute appreciably to a region's PM2.5(particulate matter with an aerodynamic diameter ≤2.5 μm) levels.

Published
2013
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29. Safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of a COVID-19 vaccine (NVX-CoV2373) co-administered with seasonal influenza vaccines: an exploratory substudy of a randomised, observer-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial

Author

Toback, Seth, Galiza, Eva, Cosgrove, Catherine, Galloway, James, Goodman, Anna L, Swift, Pauline A, Rajaram, Sankarasubramanian, Graves-Jones, Alison, Edelman, Jonathan, Burns, Fiona, Minassian, Angela M, Cho, Iksung, Kumar, Lakshmi, Plested, Joyce S, Rivers, E Joy, Robertson, Andreana, Dubovsky, Filip, Glenn, Greg, Heath, Paul T, Soiza, Roy L., Brittain-Long, Robin, Scicluna, Chiara, Edwards, Carole, Mackay, Lynn, D'Allesandro, Mariella, Nicol, Amy, Norris, Karen, Mann, Sandra, Lawrence, Heather, Valentine, Ruth, Viljoen, Marianne Elizabeth, Pretswell, Carol H., Nicholls, Helen, Munsoor, Imrozia, Meyrick, Agnieszka, Kyriakidou, Christina, Iyengar, Shalini, Jamal, Arham, Richards, Nick, Price, Helen, Rowbotham, Bridie, Bird, Danielle, Smith, Karen, Littler, Olga, Fielding, Kirsty, Townsend-Rose, Anna, Miller, Karen, Davis, Jessica, Elliot-Garwood, Alison, Trottier, Lauren, Edwards, Paul, McFarland, Margaret, Osanlou, Orod, Longshaw, Laura, Stockport, Jane, Grundy, Lynne, Broad, Katharine Lucy, Regan, Karen, Storton, Kim, Ryan-Wakeling, Declan, Wilson, Brad, Munisamy, Malathy, Wright, John, Shenoy, Anil, English, Beverley, Brear, Lucy, Cicconi, Paola, Boffito, Marta, Milinkovic, Ana, Byrne, Ruth, Movahedi, Roya, Housman, Rosalie, Kara, Naveed, Brown, Ellen, Cipriani, Andrea, Attenburrow, Mary-Jane, Smith, Katharine A., Packham, Jonathan, Sparrow, Geoff, Smith, Richard, Rosier, Josephine M., Saja, Khalid, Nago, Nyasha, Camilleri, Brian, Immanuel, Anita, Hamblin, Mike, Osagie, Rawlings, Mohan, Mahalakshmi, Floyd, Hilary, Goddard, Suzanne, Mutgi, Sanjay, Evans, John, McKeon, Sean, Vilimiene, Neringa, Chicano, Rosavic, Hayre, Rachel, Pandaan, Alice, Henshall, Catherine, Serrano, Sonia, Mazzella, Andrea, Rajeswaran, Thurkka, Mathew, Moncy, Bisnauthsing, Karen, Bremner, Laura, Fok, Henry, Morselli, Franca, Cinardo, Paola, Merrick, Blair, Sowole, Lucy, Broadhead, Samantha, Palmer, Natalie, Cordle, Jessica, Goldsmith, Jaimie Wilson, Cooney, Enya, Jackson, Beth, 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Abstract

The safety and immunogenicity profile of COVID-19 vaccines when administered concomitantly with seasonal influenza vaccines have not yet been reported. We therefore aimed to report the results of a substudy within a phase 3 UK trial, by evaluating the safety, immunogenicity, and efficacy of NVX-CoV2373 when co-administered with licensed seasonal influenza vaccines.

Published
2021
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