1. Portable Method for the Rapid Detection of Honey Adulterated with C4 Sugar Using Handheld X-ray Fluorescence Spectrometry (hXRF) and Logistic Regression.
- Author
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Bauyon, Mary Margareth T., Bolivar, John Philip M., Magtaas, Remjohn Aron H., Yu, Andrei Joshua R., Solis, Kurt Louis B., Bautista, Norwell Brian C., Baroga-Barbecho, Jessica B., Cervancia, Cleofas R., and Bautista VII, Angel T.
- Subjects
FOOD chemistry ,X-ray fluorescence ,FLUORESCENCE spectroscopy ,FOOD safety ,RATIO analysis ,HONEY ,TRACE elements - Abstract
Honey has become one of the prime targets for adulteration and mislabeling. As the demand for honey increases, adulteration becomes more rampant. This study is an offshoot of the previous findings of the significant prevalence of C4-sugar adulterated honey from the local market analyzed using the International Standard Carbon Isotope Ratio Analysis AOAC 998.12 (ISCIRA) method. Employing a combination of handheld X-ray fluorescence (hXRF) spectrometry and logistic regression, we analyzed 25 authentic and 25 adulterated honey samples previously identified with ISCIRA. The point-and-shoot hXRF method detects six elements (Ca, Cr, Cu, Fe, K, and Ni) in both authentic and adulterated samples. Logistic regression models, optimized for 70-30 and leave-one-out cross-validation, achieve accuracies between 80.0-86.7% based on three elements (K, Cr, and Ni). Setting threshold probabilities at 0.5 and 0.8 prevents the misclassification of adulterated samples as authentic, but some authentic samples can be misclassified. The proposed portable hXRF method demonstrates remarkable capability in rapidly and cost-effectively detecting C4 sugar adulteration in honey, potentially alleviating reliance on resource-intensive laboratory techniques. While additional validation steps remain essential for precise classification, our study significantly contributes to ensuring the authenticity of local honey products in the Philippine market. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2024