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Byline: Chirag. Solanki, Mariano. Socolovsky, B. Devi, Dhananjaya. BhatThe first alleged nerve coaptation was performed by a Persian physician named Avicenna. Before that, the field of peripheral nerves (PN) was [...]

Byline: Chirag. Solanki, Dhananjay. Bhat, Bhagavatula. Devi There are only a few case reports comprising exclusively of os omovertebrale. Here, we discuss various types, varied clinical presentations, associated abnormalities, and [...]

Byline: Bhagavatula. Devi, Chirag. Solanki, Dhananjay. Bhat From the beginning of civilization, pain has been the oldest and the most distressing ailment. Painful conditions constitute a major public health burden, [...]

Byline: Chirag. Solanki, Sudheesh. Ramachandran, Bhagvatula. Devi, Rajeev. Sharma Rare type of calvarial defects seen in patients with neurofibromatosis type-1 (NF1) is presented. The issues of pathogenesis and management are [...]

Background : Stroke or cerebrovascular accident is the sudden loss of neurological function caused by an interruption of the blood flow to the brain. Stroke leads to various signs and symptoms, which includes alteration in tone (commonly spasticity), loss of superficial and deep sensations, muscle weakness, abnormal synergy patterns, abnormal reflexes, gait abnormality, altered coordination, etc. Modified Modified Ashworth scale and Modified Tardieu scale both are tools to assess spasticity in stroke patients. Modified Ashworth Scale was less reliable than Modified Tardieu scale hence Ansari et al. developed Modified Modified Tardieu scale. Aim: The aim of the study is to correlate Modified Modified Ashworth Scale with H-reflex and Modified Tardieu Scale with H-reflex to assess Planterflexor spasticity in Chronic post-Stroke patients. Method: This Observational study which included 40 chronic post- stroke patients whose age was between 45-60 years and having stroke since at least 1 year. The patients were assessed with MMAS and MTS along with H/M ratio to find spasticity in Planterflexors. Result: Data was analysed using SPSS software version 23.0 using Spearman's correlation test. The statistical analysis showed MMAS has more positive correlation has H/M ratio as compared to MTS. (p<0.05) Conclusion: From the above study it can be concluded that both MTS and MMAS have a positive correlation with H/M ratio. But MMAS has better positive correlation when compared and hence should be used as assessment tool in assessing planterflexor spasticity in chronic post-stroke patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Stroke is one of the most commonly occurring disease which leads to hemiparesis along with other symptoms like spasticity, sensory disturbances etc. considered to be a part of positive signs of upper motor neuron (UMN) syndrome. Spasticity is a common disorder in patients with injury of the brain and spinal cord. Aim: The aim of the present study was to corelate the foot posture index, H/M ratio and spatial gait parameters in the assessment of poststroke patients with ankle planter-flexor spasticity. Methodology: It was an observational study which consisted of 32 chronic stroke patients. Both male and female with age group 45-70 years and stroke duration more than 3 months were included in the study. Spasticity was assessed using H/M ratio, foot posture was assessed by Foot Posture Index (FPI) and Step length and Stride length were taken. Result: Statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20 for windows. The correlation between Hmax/Mmax ratio, FPI, step length and Stride length were evaluated using Spearman's correlation coefficient test. It was suggestive of strong negative correlation between FPI and Hmax/Mmax ratio, weak negative correlation between step length Hmax/Mmax ratio, strong negative co-relation between stride length and H/M ratio, moderate positive co-relation between Foot Posture Index (FPI) and step length and strong positive corelation between FPI and stride length. (p<0.05) Conclusion: From the present study it can be concluded that there is co-relation between Spasticity, Foot posture and Gait parameters in planter-flexor spasticity in post-stroke patients. It can also be concluded that Hmax/Mmax ratio and FPI are needed to be assessed in every post stroke patient as it has influence on Gait parameters such as step length and stride length. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]