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The Arctic ecozone is undergoing a rapid transformation in response to climate change. Establishing a baseline of current Arctic biodiversity is necessary to be able to track changes in species diversity and distribution over time. Here, we report a vascular plant floristic study of Katannilik Territorial Park, Kimmirut and vicinity within Circumpolar Arctic Bioclimate Subzone D on southern Baffin Island, Nunavut, Canada. We compiled a dataset of 1596 collections gathered in the study area throughout the last century, including 838 we made in 2012. The vascular flora comprises 35 families, 98 genera, 211 species, two nothospecies and seven infraspecific taxa. We newly recorded 51 taxa in 22 families in the study area: Erigeron eriocephalus, Taraxacum holmenianum (Asteraceae), Draba arctica, D. fladnizensis, D. lactea (Brassicaceae), Campanula rotundifolia (Campanulaceae), Arenaria longipedunculata, Honckenya peploides subsp. diffusa, Sabulina rossii, Silene uralensis subsp. uralensis, Viscaria alpina (Caryophyllaceae), Carex brunnescens subsp. brunnescens, C. krausei, C. microglochin, C. subspathacea, C. williamsii, Eriophorum scheuchzeri subsp. arcticum (Cyperaceae), Andromeda polifolia, Orthilia secunda subsp. obtusata (Ericaceae), Oxytropis podocarpa (Fabaceae), Luzula groenlandica (Juncaceae), Triglochin palustris (Juncaginaceae), Utricularia ochroleuca (Lentibulariaceae), Huperzia continentalis (Lycopodiaceae), Montia fontana (Montiaceae), Corallorhiza trifida, Platanthera obtusata subsp. obtusata (Orchidaceae), Hippuris lanceolata, H. vulgaris, Plantago maritima (Plantaginaceae), Calamagrostis neglecta subsp. groenlandica, C. purpurascens, Festuca prolifera var. lasiolepis, F. rubra subsp. rubra, F. rubra subsp. arctica, Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, Leymus mollis subsp. mollis, L. mollis subsp. villosissimus, Puccinellia vaginata (Poaceae), Primula egaliksensis (Primulaceae), Cryptogramma stelleri (Pteridaceae), Coptidium × spitsbergense (Ranunculaceae), Potentilla crantzii, P. hyparctica subsp. hyparctica, Rubus chamaemorus, Sibbaldia procumbens (Rosaceae), Salix fuscescens (Salicaceae), Micranthes foliolosa, M. nivalis, M. tenuis (Saxifragaceae) and Woodsia alpina (Woodsiaceae). We recorded 196 taxa in Katannilik Territorial Park (191 species, three infraspecific taxa and two nothospecies); 145 of these taxa are first records for the park. We recorded 170 taxa in Kimmirut and vicinity (166 species, three infraspecific taxa and one nothospecies) in Kimmirut and vicinity; 15 of these taxa are first records for Kimmirut and vicinity. All study area species are native, except two grasses that grew in Kimmirut: F. rubra subsp. rubra, which may have been seeded and Hordeum jubatum subsp. jubatum, of unknown origin. We summarize the distribution on Baffin Island for each taxon recorded in the study area, including several unpublished southern Baffin Island records.

Isoetes jarmaniae sp. nov. is described as a new lycophyte endemic to Tasmania, Australia, where it is confined to peat-bound karstic wetlands in several river valleys in the south-west wilderness. While seemingly morphologically closest to I. drummondii, this quillwort has features that are globally uncommon in Isoetes and unknown in other Australasian taxa. Most notable are its markedly flattened, strongly recurved leaves and disproportionately large sporangium ligules that are more suggestive of South American than Australian taxa. As well, the exceptionally thin and wide (alate) megaspore equatorial ridge is swollen at suture intersections, presenting a slightly triangular shape suggestive of the Indian taxon I. udupiensis. The microspores of I. jarmaniae exhibit exceptionally, perhaps uniquely, fine-papillate ornamentation. An original key placing I. jarmaniae in context with the other Tasmanian Isoetes species is provided. This diminutive, apparently diploid species is evidently maintaining a self-sustaining population within a regionally unique habitat and small geographic range.

Isoetes jarmaniae D.F.Brunt., G. Kantvilas & M. Garrett, sp. nov. (Figures 1, 4, 5, 6) Diagnosis:— A diminutive species restricted to alkaline seepage areas in Tasmanian buttongrass moorland and most similar to the larger Isoetes drummondii, from which it differs most conspicuously by its strongly recurved leaves, disproportionately large ligules and congested, boldly ornamented regulate-cristate to columnar, slightly triangular megaspores and finely papillate microspores. Type: — AUSTRALIA: Tasmania, Maxwell Valley near Lancelot Hill, 42°31’S 145°55’E, in alkaline pan, 190 m elevation, 26 April 1985, S. J. Jarman (holotype HO 314939!; isotype DFB! [fragment]). Description:— PLANTS: short (leaf rosette above corm en masse. Distribution and Habitat:— In coarse, peaty quartzite/ silica sand substrate in periodically inundated (flowing) seepage areas over limestone bedrock, with sparse associated vegetation; found only in southwestern Tasmania, Australia. Chromosome Number:— Inferred diploid (2 n =2x=22) by spore size conformity with cytologically confirmed diploid Tasmanian taxa: I. drummondii, I. elatior and I. gunnii (Marsden 1979, D.M. Britton pers. comm.). Etymology:— The epithet honours Dr. S. Jean Jarman of Hobart, Tasmania, who first collected this species and recognised it as unique. The vernacular name Limestone Quillwort is suggested, as per Tasmanian State Government (2021). Paratypes: — Tasmania: tributaries of the Giblin River, E of Lawson Range, 42°56’S 145°44’E, J. Jarman (HO 31378!); Maxwell Valley, 42°30’S 145°55’E, 190 m, 26April 1985, S. J. Jarman (HO 314082!); Maxwell River, 42°31’S 145°55’E, 200 m, 26 April 1985, M. J. Brown (HO 531819!); Middle Giblin River basin, 8 km NW of Mt Gaffney, 43°00’S 145°45’E, 30 m, 17 Feb. 1989, J. R. Croft 10114 & M. M. Richardson (AD, CANB, HO!); Alfhild Creek, Giblin River Valley, 43°03’S 145°43’E, Feb. 1989, L. Gilfedder (HO 114427!); Giblin River 43.0156°S 145.7467°E, M. Garrett s.n., 20 February 1994 (DFB!, OAC); Giblin River, 42°57’S 145°46’E, 20 m, 8 Jan 2005, G. Kantvilas & M. Garrett (HO 531818!); Giblin River valley, 42°56’S 145°45’E, 40 m, 18 Aug. 2016, M. Visoiu (HO 591035!); Maxwell River Valley, c. 700 m SW of Prince Rivulet, 42°29’S 145°55’E, 190 m, 12 Dec. 2017, M. F. de Salas 1915 (DFB (fragment)!, HO 590554!); Algonkian Rivulet valley, c. 800 m NW of junction with Ridge Creek, 42°27’S 145°57’E, 210 m, 12 Dec. 2017, M. F. de Salas 1903 (DFB (fragment)!, HO 590544!); Giblin Valley, c. 2.75 km SE of Pass Hill, 42°56’S 145°45’E, 40 m, 21 Mar 2018, M. F. de Salas 2005 (DFB (fragment)!, HO 593072!)., Published as part of Brunton, Daniel F., Garrett, Michael, Sokoloff, Paul C. & Kantvilas, Gintaras, 2021, Description, distribution and ecology of endemic Tasmanian quillwort, Isoetes jarmaniae, sp. nov. (Isoetaceae; Lycopodiopsida), pp. 27-37 in Phytotaxa 522 (1) on pages 29-30, DOI: 10.11646/phytotaxa.522.1.3, http://zenodo.org/record/5548985, {"references":["Garrett, M. (1996) The ferns of Tasmania; their ecology and distribution. Tasmanian Forest Research Council Inc., Hobart.","Marsden, C. R. (1979) Morphology and Taxonomy of Isoetes in Australia, India, North-East and South-East Asia, China and Japan. Department of Botany, University of Adelaide [Phd Thesis].","Tasmanian State Government (2021) Tasmanian Species Protection Act 1995 - 83: Schedule 5 - Taxa of native flora and fauna which are rare. Available from: https: // www. legislation. tas. gov. au / view / html / inforce / current / act- 1995 - 083 JS 5 @ HS 2 @ HT 3 @ EN (accessed 13 June 2021)"]}

Saxifraga tricuspidata Rottbøll Figure 17G Materials examined. CANADA – Nunavut • Ellesmere Island, CFS Alert; 82°26′39″N, 61°57′18″W; 159 m a.s.l.; 26 Jul. 2019; habitat: mesic, with till and rocks as substrates, dominated by Juncus biglumis, moss, and lichen; QFA0635004. Identification. Plants 3.5–7.5 cm high; herbaceous; caespitose (cushion shape). Taproots and rhizomes present. Stems 2.5–7.0 cm long; erect; hairy, with glandular hairs. Leaves basal and cauline; heterophyllous; alternate; subsessile (basal leaves) or sessile (cauline leaves). Basal leaf blades 3–10 mm long, 1.5–4.0 mm wide; linear or oblanceolate; bases cuneate; lobed, with 1–3 triangular, cuspidate lobes; green or red; abaxial and adaxial surfaces both glabrous; margins ciliate, with non-glandular hairs. Cauline leaf blades 2.5–6.5 mm long, 0.5–1.5 mm wide; elliptic or oblanceolate; unlobed or sometimes lobed, with narrow triangular lobes; abaxial and adaxial surfaces both glabrous; margins ciliate, with non-glandular hairs; apices cuspidate. Inflorescence a cyme, with 2–7 flowers. Pedicels hairy. Sepals 5; 1.5–2.0 mm long, 0.8– 1.5 mm wide; ovate; green or purple; surface glabrous; margins glabrous; apices obtuse. Petals 5; 2.5–5.0 mm long, 1–3 mm wide; obovate or oblanceolate; unlobed; ivory or yellow, with apically yellow, orange, or red dots. Androecium with 10 stamens and 0.3–0.7 mm long anthers. Gynoecium with 2 styles. Characteristics allowing to distinguish S. tricuspidata from the other Saxifraga species present on Ellesmere Island can be found under S. cernua., Published as part of Desjardins, Émilie, Lai, Sandra, Payette, Serge, Dubé, Martin, Sokoloff, Paul C., St-Louis, Annie, Poulin, Marie-Pier, Legros, Jade, Sirois, Luc, Vézina, François, Tam, Andrew & Berteaux, Dominique, 2021, Survey of the vascular plants of Alert (Ellesmere Island, Canada), a polar desert at the northern tip of the Americas, pp. 181-225 in Check List 17 (1) on page 219, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.181

Sabulina rubella (Wahlenberg) Dillenberger & Kadereit Figure 6D Materials examined. CANADA – Nunavut • Ellesmere Island, CFS Alert; 82°26′22″N, 062°50′39″W; 201 m a.s.l.; 7 Aug. 2019; habitat: barren ground in a slope, with till and rocks as substrates; QFA0635573. Identification. Plants 1.5–3.5 cm high; herbaceous; caespitose. Taproots present. Stems 0.8–2.5 cm long; prostrate, decumbent, or ascending; hairy, with glandular hairs. Leaves cauline; opposite; sessile. Leaf blades 3.0– 5.7 mm long, 0.5–1.0 mm wide; lanceolate or linear; straight or acending; veins 3; green; abaxial and adaxial surfaces both glabrous; margins ciliate, with glandular hairs; apices acute or apiculate. Inflorescence a solitary flower. Pedicels hairy. Sepals 5; 2–3 mm long, 0.5–1.4 mm wide; lanceolate; purple or green, with hyaline margins; surface glabrous or hairy, with glandular hairs; margins glabrous; apices acute. Petals 5; 2–3 mm long, 1.0– 1.5 mm wide; oblanceolate or obovate; unlobed; white. Androecium with 10 stamens and 0.2–0.3 mm long, yellow anthers. Gynoecium with 3 styles and 1 stigma per style. Fruit a capsule; 2.8–3.0 mm long, 1.4– 1.6 mm wide; ovoid or conical; straw-colored; glabrous. Characteristics allowing to distinguish S. rubella from the other Sabulina species present on Ellesmere Island can be found under S. rossii., Published as part of Desjardins, Émilie, Lai, Sandra, Payette, Serge, Dubé, Martin, Sokoloff, Paul C., St-Louis, Annie, Poulin, Marie-Pier, Legros, Jade, Sirois, Luc, Vézina, François, Tam, Andrew & Berteaux, Dominique, 2021, Survey of the vascular plants of Alert (Ellesmere Island, Canada), a polar desert at the northern tip of the Americas, pp. 181-225 in Check List 17 (1) on page 196, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.181

Dryas integrifolia Vahl subsp. integrifolia Figure 15A–C Materials examined. CANADA – Nunavut • Ellesmere Island, CFS Alert; 82°28′34″N, 062°26′49″W; 128 m a.s.l.; 2 Jul. 2019; habitat: barren ground, with till and rocks as substrates, and sparse dominance of Saxifraga oppositifolia; QFA0635001. Identification. Plants 3–8 cm high; dwarf shrubs. Taproots and rhizomes present. Branches prostrate, sometimes rooting at nodes. Leaves evergreen; basal and cauline; isomorphic; alternate; petiolate. Stipules green or brown; hairy. Petioles 2–5 mm long; hairy, with white hairs. Leaf blades 4–9 mm long, 1–3 mm wide; lanceolate; bases cordate or truncate; unlobed; abaxial surface tomentose, with white hairs; adaxial surface shiny dark green, glabrous or sparsely hairy on the midvein; margins entire or slightly crenate, revolute, and glabrous; apices acute. Inflorescence a solitary flower. Pedicels 15– 25 mm long; erect; hairy with woolly hyaline hairs and dark purple glandular hairs. Epicalyx absent. Sepals 7 or 8; 3–7 mm long, 1–2 mm wide; linear or lanceolate; dark green; surface hairy, with woolly hyaline hairs and dark purple glandular hairs; margins ciliate; apices acute. Petals 8; 7–11 mm long, 3–5 mm wide; obtrullate or obovate; unlobed; white or ivory. Androecium with 40–70 stamens and 0.5–0.9 mm long anthers. Gynoecium consisting of numerous separate carpels, with 5–6 mm long conical styles. Fruit an achene, with elongate plumose styles., Published as part of Desjardins, Émilie, Lai, Sandra, Payette, Serge, Dubé, Martin, Sokoloff, Paul C., St-Louis, Annie, Poulin, Marie-Pier, Legros, Jade, Sirois, Luc, Vézina, François, Tam, Andrew & Berteaux, Dominique, 2021, Survey of the vascular plants of Alert (Ellesmere Island, Canada), a polar desert at the northern tip of the Americas, pp. 181-225 in Check List 17 (1) on page 214, DOI: 10.15560/17.1.181