224 results on '"Sofia Malyutina"'
Search Results
2. The relationship between physical performance and alcohol consumption levels in Russian adults
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Nikita A. Mitkin, German E. Kirilkin, Tatiana N. Unguryanu, Sofia Malyutina, Sarah Cook, and Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract Investigating the relationship between alcohol consumption and physical performance, we used data from the 2015–2018 Know Your Heart study on 4215 adults aged 35–69 from Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, Russia. We classified participants’ drinking status into non-drinking, non-problem drinking, hazardous drinking, and harmful drinking based on their self-reported drinking behaviors. To evaluate physical performance, we developed a Composite Physical Performance Scale (CPPS), which combined the results of three functional tests: grip strength (GS), closed-eyes balance, and chair rises (CR). We applied multivariable linear regression to assess the relationship between alcohol consumption and CPPS score, and ordinal logistic regression to explore the associations between alcohol consumption and the three functional tests separately. The results showed that harmful drinking was associated with lower CPPS scores compared to non-problem drinking. Among harmful drinking men, the decrease in CPPS scores was explained by all three tests equally and exceptionally by GS among women. Non-drinking was also associated with decreased CPPS, linked to lower GS and CR scores in men, and only lower GS scores in women. The study revealed a reduced physical performance in the non-drinking and harmful drinking groups compared to non-problem drinking.
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- 2024
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3. Atrial Strain and Strain Rate in a General Population: Do These Measures Improve the Assessment of Elevated NT-proBNP Levels?
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Assami Rösner, Mikhail Kornev, Hatice Akay Caglayan, Sandro Queiros, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Ryabikov, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, and Henrik Schirmer
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background. Noninvasive assessment of elevated filling pressure in the left ventricle (LV) remains an unresolved problem. Of the many echocardiographic parameters used to evaluate diastolic pressure, the left atrial strain and strain rate (LA S/SR) have shown promise in clinical settings. However, only a few previous studies have evaluated LA S/SR in larger populations. Methods. A total of 2033 participants from Norwegian (Tromsø 7) and Russian (Know Your Heart) population studies, equally distributed by age and sex, underwent echocardiography, including atrial and ventricular S/SR and NT-proBNP measurements. Of these, 1069 were identified as healthy (without hypertension (HT), atrial fibrillation (AF), or structural cardiac disease) and were used to define the age- and sex-adjusted normal ranges of LA S/SR. Furthermore, the total study population was divided into groups according to ejection fraction (EF) ≥50%, EF
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- 2024
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4. Awareness of Hypertension, Hypercholesterolemia, and Diabetes Mellitus and Associated Characteristics in Russian Adults
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Filip Sahatqija, Monica Hunsberger, Sarah Cook, Kamila Kholmatova, Marina Shapkina, Sofia Malyutina, and Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Russia has higher cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality compared to other European countries. The major CVD risk factors are age, male sex, and three conditions, namely hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and diabetes mellitus (DM). This study aimed to assess awareness of these three conditions among Russian adults (N = 3803) and the associated socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health characteristics. We used cross-sectional data from a randomly drawn population-based sample of Russians aged 35–69 years, who participated in the Know Your Heart (KYH) study conducted in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk between 2015–2018. Participants’ self-reported awareness of hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, and DM was assessed against the measures at the KYH health check (blood pressure, cholesterol, HbA1c and/or use of medication for each condition). Prevalence estimates for the awareness were age- and sex-standardized to the Standard European Population. Socio-demographic, lifestyle, and health-related correlates of the awareness were investigated using logistic regression modelling. Among participants with hypertension (N = 2206), hypercholesterolemia (N = 3171), and DM (N = 329) recorded at a health check, 79%, 45%, and 61% self-reported these conditions, respectively. Higher awareness of hypercholesterolemia and hypertension was associated with older age, female sex, nonsmoking status, obesity, and history of CVD diagnoses. Low household income and history of CVD diagnoses were associated with being aware of DM. The awareness rates of hypertension were relatively high, whereas awareness rates of hypercholesterolemia and DM were relatively low. CVD prevention and early intervention could be improved in Russia through increasing the awareness of the risk factors.
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- 2024
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5. Blood-Based Epigenetic Age Acceleration and Incident Colorectal Cancer Risk: Findings from a Population-Based Case–Control Study
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Sofia Malyutina, Olga Chervova, Vladimir Maximov, Tatiana Nikitenko, Andrew Ryabikov, and Mikhail Voevoda
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DNA methylation ,epigenetic age ,ageing ,colorectal cancer ,case–control ,population ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
This study investigates the association between epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) derived from DNA methylation and the risk of incident colorectal cancer (CRC). We utilized data from a random population sample of 9,360 individuals (men and women, aged 45–69) from the HAPIEE Study who had been followed up for 16 years. A nested case–control design yielded 35 incident CRC cases and 354 matched controls. Six baseline epigenetic age (EA) measures (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, Skin and Blood (SB), BLUP, and Elastic Net (EN)) were calculated along with their respective EAAs. After adjustment, the odds ratios (ORs) for CRC risk per decile increase in EAA ranged from 1.20 (95% CI: 1.04–1.39) to 1.44 (95% CI: 1.21–1.76) for the Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and BLUP measures. Conversely, the SB and EN EAA measures showed borderline inverse associations with ORs of 0.86–0.87 (95% CI: 0.76–0.99). Tertile analysis reinforced a positive association between CRC risk and four EAA measures (Horvath, Hannum, PhenoAge, and BLUP) and a modest inverse relationship with EN EAA. Our findings from a prospective population-based-case-control study indicate a direct association between incident CRC and four markers of accelerated baseline epigenetic age. In contrast, two markers showed a negative association or no association. These results warrant further exploration in larger cohorts and may have implications for CRC risk assessment and prevention.
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- 2024
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6. All-cause and cardiovascular mortality in relation to lung function in the full range of distribution across four Eastern European cohorts
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Tatyana Sarycheva, Nadezda Capkova, Andrzej Pająk, Sofia Malyutina, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Martin Bobák, and Hynek Pikhart
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Abstract It is unclear whether the dose–response relationship between lung function and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality in the Central and Eastern European populations differ from that reported in the Western European and American populations. We used the prospective population-based HAPIEE cohort that includes randomly selected people with a mean age of 59 ± 7.3 years from population registers in Czech, Polish, Russian and Lithuanian urban centres. The baseline survey in 2002–2005 included 36,106 persons of whom 24,944 met the inclusion criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the dose–response relationship between lung function defined as FEV1 divided by height cubed and all-cause and cardiovascular mortality over 11–16 years of follow-up. Mortality rate increased in a dose–response manner from highest to lower FEV1/height3 deciles. Adjusted hazard ratios (HR) of all-cause mortality for persons in the 8th best, the 5th and the worst deciles were 1.27 (95% CI 1.08‒1.49), 1.37 (1.18–1.60) and 2.15 (1.86‒2.48), respectively; for cardiovascular mortality, the respective HRs were 1.84 (1.29–2.63), 2.35 (1.67–3.28) and 3.46 (2.50‒4.78). Patterns were similar across countries, with some statistically insignificant variation. FEV1/height3 is a strong predictor of all-cause and cardiovascular mortality, across full distribution of values, including persons with preserved lung function.
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- 2022
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7. Impaired lung function and mortality in Eastern Europe: results from multi-centre cohort study
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Tatyana Sarycheva, Nadezda Capkova, Andrzej Pająk, Sofia Malyutina, Galina Simonova, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Martin Bobák, and Hynek Pikhart
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Forced expiratory volume in one second ,Pulmonary function test ,Cohort study ,Mortality ,Diseases of the respiratory system ,RC705-779 - Abstract
Abstract Background The association between impaired lung function and mortality has been well documented in the general population of Western European countries. We assessed the risk of death associated with reduced spirometry indices among people from four Central and Eastern European countries. Methods This prospective population-based cohort includes men and women aged 45–69 years, residents in urban settlements in Czech Republic, Poland, Russia and Lithuania, randomly selected from population registers. The baseline survey in 2002–2005 included 36,106 persons of whom 24,993 met the inclusion criteria. Cox proportional hazards models were used to estimate the hazard ratios of mortality over 11–16 years of follow-up for mild, moderate, moderate-severe and very severe lung function impairment categories. Results After adjusting for covariates, mild (hazard ratio (HR): 1.25; 95% CI 1.15‒1.37) to severe (HR: 3.35; 95% CI 2.62‒4.27) reduction in FEV1 was associated with an increased risk of death according to degree of lung impairment, compared to people with normal lung function. The association was only slightly attenuated but remained significant after exclusion of smokers and participants with previous history of respiratory diseases. The HRs varied between countries but not statistically significant; the highest excess risk among persons with more severe impairment was seen in Poland (HR: 4.28, 95% CI 2.14‒8.56) and Lithuania (HR: 4.07, 95% CI 2.21‒7.50). Conclusions Reduced FEV1 is an independent predictor of all-cause mortality, with risk increasing with the degree of lung function impairment and some country-specific variation between the cohorts.
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- 2022
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8. Prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia, and associated risk factors in the Czech Republic, Russia, Poland and Lithuania: a cross-sectional study
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Wentian Lu, Hynek Pikhart, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Ruzena Kubinova, Nadezda Capkova, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pająk, and Martin Bobak
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Blood pressure ,Fasting plasma glucose ,Total cholesterol ,Dyslipidemia ,Central and Eastern Europe ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Empirical evidence on the epidemiology of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia is limited in many countries in Central and Eastern Europe. We aimed to estimate the prevalence, awareness, treatment and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia in the Czech Republic, Russia, Poland and Lithuania, and to identify the risk factors for the three chronic conditions. Methods We analysed cross-sectional data from the HAPIEE study, including adults aged 45–69 years in the Czech Republic, Russia, Poland and Lithuania, collected between 2002 and 2008 (total sample N = 30,882). Among prevalent cases, we estimated awareness, treatment, and control of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia by gender and country. Multivariate logistic regression was applied to identify associated risk factors. Results In each country among both men and women, we found high prevalence but low control of hypertension, diabetes, and hypercholesterolemia. Awareness rates of hypertension were the lowest in both men (61.40%) and women (69.21%) in the Czech Republic, while awareness rates of hypercholesterolemia were the highest in both men (46.51%) and women (51.20%) in Poland. Polish participants also had the highest rates of awareness (77.37% in men and 79.53% in women), treatment (71.99% in men and 74.87% in women) and control (30.98% in men and 38.08% in women) of diabetes. The common risk factors for the three chronic conditions were age, gender, education, obesity and alcohol consumption. Conclusions Patterns of awareness, treatment and control rates of hypertension, diabetes and hypercholesterolemia differed by country. Efforts should be made in all four countries to control these conditions, including implementation of international guidelines in everyday practice to improve detection and effective management of these conditions.
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- 2022
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9. Work stress, overcommitment personality and alcohol consumption based on the Effort–Reward Imbalance model: A population–based cohort study
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Sung-Wei Chen, Hynek Pikhart, Anne Peasey, Andrzej Pajak, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, and Martin Bobak
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Work stress ,Effort–Reward Imbalance ,Personality ,Overcommitment ,Alcohol consumption ,Drinking ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 ,Social sciences (General) ,H1-99 - Abstract
Work stress has been extensively supported to predict health outcomes like health behaviors. Evidence has linked work stress and personality independently to health, but the interrelationships between work stress and personality and their joint effects on health might deserve more attention in research. This study attempts to integrate recent developments in psychological research (diverse roles of personality in stress processes) into the well–established Effort–Reward Imbalance (ERI) model for work stress. Based on the ERI model, this population–based cohort study aims to investigate the relationships between work stress, personality and alcohol consumption; it particularly focuses on potential roles of overcommitment (OC) personality in ERI–drinking relations, including modifying, antecedent, mediator or direct effects. This two–wave cohort study was conducted in population samples of 3782 men and 3731 women (aged 45–69 years) from Czech Republic, Poland and Russia. Alcohol consumption was assessed by three drinking outcomes: binge drinking, heavy drinking and problem drinking. To assess modifying effect of OC in ERI–drinking relations, logistic regression was used. To assess antecedent or mediator role of OC in ERI–drinking relations, path analysis with the autoregressive and cross–lagged model was conducted. The results showed that OC had no significantly modifying effect in ERI–drinking relations. OC and ERI might have bidirectional relationships in the average follow–up period of 3.5 years; the effect of OC on ERI was remarkably stronger than the reversed causation. Antecedent role of OC in ERI–drinking relationship was significant, but mediator role of OC was not. In conclusion, our findings imply that “antecedent role” of OC in ERI–drinking relations is significant and promising as a potential target for individual intervention; future interventions are suggested to identify and target potential cognitive–behavioral mechanisms via which personality might influence work stress and subsequently health behaviors.
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- 2023
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10. Socioeconomic inequalities in physiological risk biomarkers and the role of lifestyles among Russians aged 35-69 years
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Sergi Trias-Llimós, Sarah Cook, Anne Elise Eggen, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, and David A. Leon
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Cardiovascular risk ,Health inequities ,Health behaviours ,Russia ,Eastern Europe ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Socioeconomic inequalities in cardiovascular (CVD) health outcomes are well documented. While Russia has one of the highest levels of CVD mortality in the world, the literature on contemporary socio-economic inequalities in biomarker CVD risk factors is sparse. This paper aims to assess the extent and the direction of SEP inequalities in established physiological CVD risk biomarkers, and to explore the role of lifestyle factors in explaining SEP inequalities in physiological CVD risk biomarkers. Methods We used cross-sectional data from a general population-based survey of Russians aged 35-69 years living in two cities (n = 4540, Know Your Heart study 2015-18). Logistic models were used to assess the associations between raised physiological risk biomarkers levels (blood pressure levels, cholesterol levels, triglycerides, HbA1C, and C-reactive protein) and socioeconomic position (SEP) (education and household financial constraints) adjusting for age, obesity, smoking, alcohol and health-care seeking behavior. Results High education was negatively associated with a raised risk of blood pressure (systolic and diastolic) and C-reactive protein for both men and women. High education was positively associated with total cholesterol, with higher HDL levels among women, and with low triglycerides and HbA1c levels among men. For the remaining risk biomarkers, we found little statistical support for SEP inequalities. Adjustment for lifestyle factors, and particularly BMI and waist-hip ratio, led to a reduction in the observed SEP inequalities in raised biomarkers risk levels, especially among women. High financial constraints were weakly associated with high risk biomarkers levels, except for strong evidence for an association with C-reactive protein (men). Conclusions Notable differences in risk biomarkers inequalities were observed according to the SEP measure employed. Clear educational inequalities in raised physiological risk biomarkers levels, particularly in blood pressure and C-reactive protein were seen in Russia and are partly explained by lifestyle factors, particularly obesity among women. These findings provide evidence-based information on the need for tackling health inequalities in the Russian population, which may help to further contribute to CVD mortality decline.
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- 2022
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11. Comparing prevalence of chronic kidney disease and its risk factors between population-based surveys in Russia and Norway
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Sarah Cook, Marit D. Solbu, Anne Elise Eggen, Olena Iakunchykova, Maria Averina, Laila A. Hopstock, Kamila Kholmatova, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, David A. Leon, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Ryabikov, Elizabeth Williamson, and Dorothea Nitsch
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Chronic kidney disease ,Epidemiology ,Norway ,Risk factors ,Russian Federation ,Diseases of the genitourinary system. Urology ,RC870-923 - Abstract
Abstract Background Little data exists on the prevalence of chronic kidney disease (CKD) in the Russian population. We aimed to estimate the prevalence of CKD in a population-based study in Russia, compare with a similar study in Norway, and investigate whether differences in risk factors explained between-study differences in CKD. Methods We compared age- and sex-standardised prevalence of reduced eGFR (
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- 2022
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12. Long-term trends in blood pressure and hypertension in Russia: an analysis of data from 14 health surveys conducted in 1975–2017
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Elena Churilova, Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, Svetlana A. Shalnova, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Odd Nilssen, Tiina Laatikainen, and David A. Leon
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Blood pressure ,Hypertension ,Russia ,International differences ,Meta-analysis ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Hypertension is recognized as an important contributor to high cardiovascular mortality in Russia. A comprehensive analysis of data from Russian studies that measured blood pressure in population-based samples has not been previously undertaken. This study aims to identify trends and patterns in mean blood pressure and the prevalence of hypertension in Russia over the most recent 40 years. Methods We obtained anonymized individual records of blood pressure measurements from 14 surveys conducted in Russia in 1975–2017 relating to a total of 137,687 individuals. For comparative purposes we obtained equivalent data from 4 surveys in the USA and England for 23,864 individuals. A meta-regression on aggregated data adjusted for education was undertaken to estimate time trends in mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure (> 140/90 mmHg), and hypertension (defined as elevated blood pressure and/or the use of blood pressure-lowering) medication. A meta-analysis of pooled individual-level data was used to assess male-female differences in blood pressure and hypertension. Results During the period 1975–2017 mean blood pressure, the prevalence of elevated blood pressure and hypertension remained stable among Russian men. Among Russian women, mean systolic blood pressure decreased at an annual rate of 0.25 mmHg (p
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- 2021
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13. Between‐study differences in grip strength: a comparison of Norwegian and Russian adults aged 40–69 years
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Rachel Cooper, Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Ryabikov, Laila Arnesdatter Hopstock, Jonas Johansson, Sarah Cook, David A. Leon, and Bjørn Heine Strand
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Grip strength ,Sarcopenia ,Between‐country differences ,Lifestyle ,Body size ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 ,Human anatomy ,QM1-695 - Abstract
Abstract Background Identifying individuals with low grip strength is an initial step in many operational definitions of sarcopenia. As evidence indicates that contemporaneous Russian populations may have lower mean levels of grip strength than other populations in northern Europe, we aimed to: compare grip strength in Russian and Norwegian populations by age and sex; investigate whether height, body mass index, education, smoking status, alcohol use and health status explain observed differences and; examine implications for case‐finding low muscle strength. Methods We used harmonized cross‐sectional data on grip strength and covariates for participants aged 40–69 years from the Russian Know Your Heart study (KYH) (n = 3833) and the seventh survey of the Norwegian Tromsø Study (n = 5598). Maximum grip strength (kg) was assessed using the same protocol and device in both studies. Grip strength by age, sex and study was modelled using linear regression and between‐study differences were predicted from these models. Sex‐specific age‐standardized differences in grip strength and in prevalence of low muscle strength were estimated using the European population standard of 2013. Results Normal ranges of maximum grip strength in both studies combined were 33.8 to 67.0 kg in men and 18.7 to 40.1 kg in women. Mean grip strength was higher among Tromsø than KYH study participants and this difference did not vary markedly by age or sex. Adjustment for covariates, most notably height, attenuated between‐study differences but these differences were still evident at younger ages. For example, estimated between‐study differences in mean grip strength in fully adjusted models were 2.2 kg [95% confidence interval (CI) 1.4, 3.1] at 40 years and 1.0 kg (95% CI 0.5, 1.5) at 65 years in men (age × study interaction P = 0.09) and 1.1 kg (95% CI 0.4, 1.9) at age 40 years and −0.2 kg (95% CI −0.7, 0.3) at 65 years in women (age × study interaction P
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- 2021
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14. Social networks and cognitive function in older adults: findings from the HAPIEE study
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Yifan Nie, Marcus Richards, Ruzena Kubinova, Anastasiya Titarenko, Sofia Malyutina, Magdalena Kozela, Andrzej Pajak, Martin Bobak, and Milagros Ruiz
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Ageing ,Czech Republic ,Cognitive function ,Cognitive decline ,Poland ,Russia ,Geriatrics ,RC952-954.6 - Abstract
Abstract Background Social networks are associated with better cognitive health in older people, but the role of specific aspects of the social network remains unclear. This is especially the case in Central and Eastern Europe. This study examined associations between three aspects of the social network (network size of friends and relatives, contact frequency with friends and relatives, and social activity participation) with cognitive functions (verbal memory, learning ability, verbal fluency, processing speed, and global cognitive function) in older Czech, Polish, and Russian adults. Methods Linear regression estimated associations between baseline social networks and cognitive domains measured at both baseline and follow-up (mean duration of follow-up, 3.5 ± 0.7 years) in 6691 participants (mean age, 62.2 ± 6.0 years; 53.7% women) from the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study. Results Cross-sectional analyses, adjusted for country, age, and sex, showed positive associations of global cognitive function with social activity participation and network size of friends and relatives, but not with contact frequency in either network. Further adjustment for sociodemographic, behavioural, and health characteristics attenuated the associations with network size of relatives (P-trend = 0.074) but not with network size of friends (P-trend = 0.036) or social activities (P-trend
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- 2021
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15. Novel approach to artefact detection and the definition of normal ranges of segmental strain and strain-rate values
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Henrik Schirmer, Sofia Malyutina, Assami Rösner, Andrew Ryabikov, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Mikhail Kornev, Michael Stylidis, and Hatice Akay Caglayan
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Aims Strain artefacts are known to hamper the correct interpretation of segmental strain and strain-rate (S/SR). Defining the normal ranges of myocardial segmental deformation is important in clinical studies and routine echocardiographic practice. In order to define artefact-free normal ranges for segmental longitudinal S/SR parameters, we investigated the extent to which different types of artefacts and their segmental localisation in the three different myocardial layers created a bias in the results of echocardiographic strain measurements.Methods The study included echocardiograms from men and women aged 40–69 years from two population-based studies, namely the Know Your Heart study (Russia) and the Tromsø Study (Norway). Of the 2207 individuals from these studies, 840 had normal results, defined as the absence of hypertension or indicators of any cardiovascular disease. Two-dimensional (2D) global and segmental S/SR of the three myocardial layers were analysed using speckle tracking echocardiography. Artefacts were assessed with two different methods: visual identification of image-artefacts and a novel conceptual approach of ‘curve-artefacts’ or unphysiological strain-curve formation.Results Segmental strain values were found to have significantly reduced in the presence of strain-curve artefacts (14.9%±5.8% towards −20.7%±4.9%), and increased with the foreshortening of the 2D image. However, the individual global strain values were not substantially altered by discarding segmental artefacts. Reduction due to artefacts was observed in all segments, layers, systolic and diastolic strain, and SR. Thus, we presented normal ranges for basal-septal, basal, medial and apical segment groups after excluding artefacts.Conclusion Strain-curve artefacts introduce systematic errors, resulting in reduced segmental S/SR values. In terms of artefact-robust global longitudinal strain, the detection of curve-artefacts is crucial for the correct interpretation of segmental S/SR patterns. Intersegmental S/SR gradients and artefacts need to be considered for the correct definition of normalcy and pathology.
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- 2022
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16. The Relationship between All-Cause Natural Mortality and Copy Number of Mitochondrial DNA in a 15-Year Follow-Up Study
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Sofia Malyutina, Vladimir Maximov, Olga Chervova, Pavel Orlov, Anastasiya Ivanova, Ekaterina Mazdorova, Andrew Ryabikov, Galina Simonova, and Mikhail Voevoda
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mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) ,ageing ,mortality ,circulatory system diseases ,cancer ,case–control ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
We explored the relationship between the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA-CN) and all-cause natural mortality. We examined a random population sample in 2003/2005 (n = 9360, men/women, 45–69, the HAPIEE project) and followed up for 15 years. Using a nested case–control design, we selected non-external deaths among those free from baseline cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer (n = 371), and a sex- and age-stratified control (n = 785). The odds ratios (ORs) of death were 1.06 (95%CI 1.01–1.11) per one-decile decrease in mtDNA-CN independent of age, sex, metabolic factors, smoking, alcohol intake and education. The age–sex-adjusted ORs of death in the second and first tertiles of mtDNA-CN vs. the top tertile were 2.35 (95% CI 1.70–3.26) and 1.59 (1.16–2.17); an increased risk was confined to the second tertile after controlling for smoking and metabolic factors. The multivariable-adjusted OR of CVD death was 1.92 (95% CI 1.18–3.15) in tertile 2 vs. the top tertile of mtDNA-CN, and for cancer-related death the ORs were 3.66 (95% CI 2.21–6.05) and 2.29 (95% CI 1.43–3.68) in tertiles 2 and 1 vs. the top tertile. In the Siberian population cohort, the mtDNA-CN was an inverse predictor of the 15-year risk of natural mortality, due to the greatest impact of CVD and cancer-related death. The findings merit attention for exploring further the role of mtDNA in human ageing and the diversity of mortality.
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- 2023
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17. Association of Common Variants of APOE, CETP, and the 9p21.3 Chromosomal Region with the Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Study
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Sergey Semaev, Elena Shakhtshneider, Liliya Shcherbakova, Pavel Orlov, Dinara Ivanoshchuk, Sofia Malyutina, Valery Gafarov, Mikhail Voevoda, and Yuliya Ragino
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rs1333049 ,rs708272 ,rs7412 ,rs429358 ,myocardial infarction ,cardiovascular disease ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 ,Chemistry ,QD1-999 - Abstract
The individual risk of an unfavorable cardiovascular outcome is determined by genetic factors in addition to lifestyle factors. This study was aimed at analyzing possible associations of several genetic factors with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). For our study, we selected genes that have been significantly associated with MI in meta-analyses: the chromosomal region 9p21.3, the CETP gene, and the APOE gene. In total, 2286 randomly selected patients were included. Rs708272 and rs429358 and rs7412 were analyzed using RT-PCR via the TaqMan principle, and rs1333049 vas analyzed via a commercial KASP assay. In our sample, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes were consistent with frequencies in comparable populations of Eastern and Western Europe. Allele C of rs1333049 was significantly associated with MI among males (p = 0.027) and in the whole study sample (p = 0.008). We also revealed a significant association of the ɛ2/ɛ4 genotype of APOE with MI among males (p < 0.0001) and in the whole study sample (p < 0.0001). Thus, among the tested polymorphisms, some genotypes of rs1333049 and rs429358 and rs7412 are the most strongly associated with MI and can be recommended for inclusion into a genetic risk score.
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- 2023
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18. Socio-Demographic, Lifestyle, and Cardiometabolic Characteristics Associated with Low-Grade Systemic Inflammation in Russian Adult Population
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Olga Mirolyubova, Kamila Kholmatova, Anna Postoeva, Galina Kostrova, Sofia Malyutina, and Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
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low-grade systemic inflammation ,high-sensitivity C-reactive protein ,socio-demographic factors ,lifestyle ,abdominal obesity ,dyslipidemia ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
Mortality from cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) is higher in Russia compared to other European countries. High-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hs-CRP) is a biomarker of inflammation, and its elevated levels indicate increased CVD risks. We aim to describe the prevalence of low-grade systemic inflammation (LGSI) and the associated factors in a Russian population. The Know Your Heart cross-sectional study was conducted in Arkhangelsk, Russia in 2015–2017 with a population sample aged 35–69 years (n = 2380). LGSI was defined as hs-CRP ≥ 2 and
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- 2023
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19. Prevalence of symptoms, ever having received a diagnosis and treatment of depression and anxiety, and associations with health service use amongst the general population in two Russian cities
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Sarah Cook, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Natalia Bobrova, Lyudmila Saburova, Diana Denisova, Sofia Malyutina, Glyn Lewis, and David A. Leon
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Russian Federation ,Depression ,Anxiety ,Mental disorders ,Treatment of mental disorders ,Anti-depressants ,Psychiatry ,RC435-571 - Abstract
Abstract Background Little is known about the burden of common mental disorders in Russia despite high levels of suicide and alcohol-related mortality. Here we investigated levels of symptoms, self-reports of ever having received a diagnosis and treatment of anxiety and depression in two Russian cities. Methods The study population was men and women aged 35–69 years old participating in cross-sectional population-based studies in the cities of Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015–18). Participants completed an interview which included the PHQ-9 and GAD-7 scales, questions on whether participants had ever received a diagnosis of depression or anxiety, and health service use in the past year. Participants also reported current medication use and medications were coded in line with the WHO anatomical therapeutic classification (ATC). Depression was defined as PHQ-9 ≥ 10 and Anxiety as GAD-7 ≥ 10. Results Age-standardised prevalence of PHQ-9 ≥ 10 was 10.7% in women and 5.4% in men (GAD-7 ≥ 10 6.2% in women; 3.0% in men). Among those with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 17% reported ever having been diagnosed with depression (equivalent finding for anxiety 29%). Only 1.5% of those with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 reported using anti-depressants and 0.6% of those with GAD-7 ≥ 10 reported using anxiolytics. No men with PHQ-9 ≥ 10 and/or GAD-7 ≥ 10 reported use of anti-depressants or anxiolytics. Use of health services increased with increasing severity of both depression and anxiety. Conclusion There was a large gap between symptoms and reporting of past diagnosis and treatment of common mental disorders in two Russian cities. Interventions aimed at improving mental health literacy and reducing stigma could be of benefit in closing this substantial treatment gap.
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- 2020
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20. Pharmacological management of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors (blood pressure and lipids) following diagnosis of myocardial infarction, stroke and diabetes: comparison between population-based studies in Russia and Norway
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Sarah Cook, Laila A. Hopstock, Anne Elise Eggen, Katie Bates, Olena Iakunchykova, Anna Kontsevaya, Martin McKee, Henrik Schirmer, Michael Voevoda, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, and David A. Leon
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Secondary prevention ,Russian Federation ,Norway ,Myocardial infarction ,Stroke ,Diabetes ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background Cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality is substantially higher in Russia than in neighbouring Norway. We aimed to compare blood pressure- and lipid-lowering medication use and proportion meeting treatment targets between general population samples in the two countries in those with CVD and diabetes. Methods The study population was adults aged 40–69 years reporting a diagnosis of myocardial infarction (MI), stroke and/or diabetes participating in cross-sectional population-based studies in Russia (Know Your Heart (KYH) 2015–18 N = 626) and Norway (The Tromsø Study 2015–16 (Tromsø 7) N = 1353). Reported medications were coded according to the 2016 WHO Anatomical Therapeutic Chemical Classification system. Treatment targets were defined using the Joint European Societies guidelines for CVD prevention in clinical practice (2016). Results Age- and sex-standardized prevalence of use of lipid-lowering medications was higher in Tromsø 7 for all three conditions with a disproportionately large difference in those reporting MI (+ 48% (95% CI 39, 57%)). Proportion meeting treatment targets for LDL cholesterol was poor in both studies (age- and sex-standardized prevalence of control KYH vs Tromsø 7: MI 5.1% vs 10.1%; stroke 11.6% vs 5.8%; diabetes 24.9% vs 23.3%). Use of antihypertensive medication was higher in KYH for stroke (+ 40% (95% CI 30, 50%)) and diabetes (+ 27% (95% CI 19, 34%)) groups but approximately equal for the MI group (− 1% (95% CI -1, 1%)). Proportion meeting blood pressure targets was lower in KYH vs Tromsø 7 (MI 51.8% vs 76.3%; stroke 49.5% vs 69.6%; diabetes 51.9% vs 63.9%). Conclusions We identified different patterns of medication use in people with CVD and diabetes. However despite higher use of lipid-lowering medication in the Norwegian study treatment to target for total cholesterol was poor in both Russian and Norwegian studies. In contrast we found higher levels of use of antihypertensive medications in the Russian study but also that less participants met treatment targets for blood pressure. Further work should investigate what factors are responsible for this seeming paradox and how management of modifiable risk factors for secondary prevention could be improved.
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- 2020
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21. Time trends in smoking in Russia in the light of recent tobacco control measures: synthesis of evidence from multiple sources
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Vladimir M. Shkolnikov, Elena Churilova, Dmitry A. Jdanov, Svetlana A. Shalnova, Odd Nilssen, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Sarah Cook, Sofia Malyutina, Martin McKee, and David A. Leon
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Tobacco epidemic ,Anti-smoking measures ,Male-female gap ,Educational differences ,Forest plots ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background The study aims at identifying long-term trends and patterns of current smoking by age, gender, and education in Russia, including the most recent period from 2008 during which tobacco control policies were implemented, and to estimate the impact on mortality of any reductions in prevalence. We present an in-depth analysis based on an unprecedentedly large array of survey data. Methods We examined pooled micro-data on smoking from 17 rounds of the Russian Longitudinal Monitoring Study of 1996–2016, 11 other surveys conducted in Russia in 1975–2017, and two comparator surveys from England and the USA. Standardization by age and education, regression and meta-analysis were used to estimate trends in the prevalence of current smoking by gender, age, and educational patterns. Results From the mid-1970s to the mid-2000s smoking prevalence among men was relatively stable at around 60%, after which time prevalence declined in every age and educational group. Among women, trends in smoking were more heterogeneous. Prevalence more than doubled above the age of 55 years from very low levels (
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- 2020
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22. Uncontrolled and apparent treatment resistant hypertension: a cross-sectional study of Russian and Norwegian 40–69 year olds
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Jakob Petersen, Sofia Malyutina, Andrey Ryabikov, Anna Kontsevaya, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Anne Elise Eggen, Martin McKee, Sarah Cook, Laila A. Hopstock, Henrik Schirmer, and David A. Leon
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Cardiovascular diseases ,Hypertension ,Antihypertensive agents ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background Uncontrolled hypertension is a major cardiovascular risk factor. We examined uncontrolled hypertension and differences in treatment regimens between a high-risk country, Russia, and low-risk Norway to gain better understanding of the underlying factors. Methods Population-based survey data on 40–69 year olds with hypertension defined as taking antihypertensives and/or having high blood pressure (140+/90+ mmHg) were obtained from Know Your Heart Study (KYH, N = 2284), Russian Federation (2015–2018) and seventh wave of The Tromsø Study (Tromsø 7, N = 5939), Norway (2015–2016). Uncontrolled hypertension was studied in the subset taking antihypertensives (KYH: N = 1584; Tromsø 7: 2792)and defined as having high blood pressure (140+/90+ mmHg). Apparent treatment resistant hypertension (aTRH) was defined as individuals with uncontrolled hypertension on 3+ OR controlled on 4+ antihypertensive classes in the same subset. Results Among all those with hypertension regardless of treatment status, control of blood pressure was achieved in 22% of men (KYH and Tromsø 7), while among women it was 33% in Tromsø 7 and 43% in KYH. When the analysis was limited to those on treatment for hypertension, the percentage uncontrolled was higher in KYH (47.8%, CI 95 44.6–50.9%) than Tromsø 7 (38.2, 36.1–40.5%). The corresponding figures for aTRH were 9.8% (8.2–11.7%) and 5.7% (4.8–6.8%). Antihypertensive monotherapies were more common than combinations and used by 58% in Tromsø 7 and 44% in KYH. In both KYH and Tromsø 7, untreated hypertension was higher in men, those with no GP visit in the past year and problem drinkers. In both studies, aTRH was associated with older age, CVD history, obesity, and diabetes. In Tromsø 7, also male gender and any drinking. In KYH, also chronic kidney disease. Conclusion There is considerable scope for promoting combination therapies in line with European treatment guidelines in both study populations. The factors associated with untreated hypertension overlap with known correlates of treatment non-adherence and health check non-attendance. In contrast, aTRH was characterised by obesity and underlying comorbidities potentially complicating treatment.
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- 2020
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23. Evaluation of Epigenetic Age Acceleration Scores and Their Associations with CVD-Related Phenotypes in a Population Cohort
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Olga Chervova, Elizabeth Chernysheva, Kseniia Panteleeva, Tyas Arum Widayati, Natalie Hrbkova, Jadesada Schneider, Vladimir Maximov, Andrew Ryabikov, Taavi Tillmann, Hynek Pikhart, Martin Bobak, Vitaly Voloshin, Sofia Malyutina, and Stephan Beck
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DNAm age ,epigenetic clock ,epigenetic age acceleration ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
We evaluated associations between nine epigenetic age acceleration (EAA) scores and 18 cardiometabolic phenotypes using an Eastern European ageing population cohort richly annotated for a diverse set of phenotypes (subsample, n = 306; aged 45–69 years). This was implemented by splitting the data into groups with positive and negative EAAs. We observed strong association between all EAA scores and sex, suggesting that any analysis of EAAs should be adjusted by sex. We found that some sex-adjusted EAA scores were significantly associated with several phenotypes such as blood levels of gamma-glutamyl transferase and low-density lipoprotein, smoking status, annual alcohol consumption, multiple carotid plaques, and incident coronary heart disease status (not necessarily the same phenotypes for different EAAs). We demonstrated that even after adjusting EAAs for sex, EAA–phenotype associations remain sex-specific, which should be taken into account in any downstream analysis involving EAAs. The obtained results suggest that in some EAA–phenotype associations, negative EAA scores (i.e., epigenetic age below chronological age) indicated more harmful phenotype values, which is counterintuitive. Among all considered epigenetic clocks, GrimAge was significantly associated with more phenotypes than any other EA scores in this Russian sample.
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- 2022
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24. Correction: Transcatheter mitral valve repair: an overview of current and future devices
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Henrik Schirmer, Sofia Malyutina, Maria Averina, David Leon, Tom Wilsgaard, Olena Iakunchykova, Andrew Ryabikov, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Mikhail Kornev, Ekaterina Voronina, and Andrey Paramonov
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Published
- 2021
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25. Heavy alcohol drinking and subclinical echocardiographic abnormalities of structure and function
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Henrik Schirmer, Sofia Malyutina, Maria Averina, David Leon, Tom Wilsgaard, Olena Iakunchykova, Andrew Ryabikov, Alexander Kudryavtsev, Mikhail Kornev, Ekaterina Voronina, and Andrey Paramonov
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Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Objective The aim of the study is to assess changes in heart structure and function associated with heavy alcohol use by comparing echocardiographic indices in a population-based sample to those in patients admitted to an inpatient facility with severe alcohol problems.Methods and results We used data from the Know Your Heart study (2015–2017) which is a cross-sectional study that recruited 2479 participants aged 35–69 years from the general population of the city of Arkhangelsk in Northwest Russia and 278 patients from the Arkhangelsk Regional Psychiatric Hospital with a primary diagnosis related to chronic alcohol use (narcology clinic subsample). The drinking patterns of the population-based sample were characterised in detail. We used regression models controlling for age, sex, smoking, education and waist to hip ratio to evaluate the differences in echocardiographic indices in participants with different drinking patterns. The means of left ventricular end-diastolic diameter and indexed left atrial systolic diameter were increased among heavy drinkers (narcology clinic subsample), while mean left ventricular ejection fraction was decreased in this group compared with the population-based sample. In contrast, the harmful and hazardous drinkers in the population-based sample did not differ from non-problem drinkers with respect to echocardiographic indices of systolic and diastolic function.Conclusions Extremely heavy drinking is associated with a specific set of structural and functional abnormalities of the heart that may be regarded as precursors of alcohol-related dilated cardiomyopathy.
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- 2021
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26. Phenome-wide association analysis of LDL-cholesterol lowering genetic variants in PCSK9
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Amand F. Schmidt, Michael V. Holmes, David Preiss, Daniel I. Swerdlow, Spiros Denaxas, Ghazaleh Fatemifar, Rupert Faraway, Chris Finan, Dennis Valentine, Zammy Fairhurst-Hunter, Fernando Pires Hartwig, Bernardo Lessa Horta, Elina Hypponen, Christine Power, Max Moldovan, Erik van Iperen, Kees Hovingh, Ilja Demuth, Kristina Norman, Elisabeth Steinhagen-Thiessen, Juri Demuth, Lars Bertram, Christina M. Lill, Stefan Coassin, Johann Willeit, Stefan Kiechl, Karin Willeit, Dan Mason, John Wright, Richard Morris, Goya Wanamethee, Peter Whincup, Yoav Ben-Shlomo, Stela McLachlan, Jackie F. Price, Mika Kivimaki, Catherine Welch, Adelaida Sanchez-Galvez, Pedro Marques-Vidal, Andrew Nicolaides, Andrie G. Panayiotou, N. Charlotte Onland-Moret, Yvonne T. van der Schouw, Giuseppe Matullo, Giovanni Fiorito, Simonetta Guarrera, Carlotta Sacerdote, Nicholas J. Wareham, Claudia Langenberg, Robert A. Scott, Jian’an Luan, Martin Bobak, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pająk, Ruzena Kubinova, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Hynek Pikhart, Niels Grarup, Oluf Pedersen, Torben Hansen, Allan Linneberg, Tine Jess, Jackie Cooper, Steve E. Humphries, Murray Brilliant, Terrie Kitchner, Hakon Hakonarson, David S. Carrell, Catherine A. McCarty, Kirchner H. Lester, Eric B. Larson, David R. Crosslin, Mariza de Andrade, Dan M. Roden, Joshua C. Denny, Cara Carty, Stephen Hancock, John Attia, Elizabeth Holliday, Rodney Scott, Peter Schofield, Martin O’Donnell, Salim Yusuf, Michael Chong, Guillaume Pare, Pim van der Harst, M. Abdullah Said, Ruben N. Eppinga, Niek Verweij, Harold Snieder, Lifelines Cohort authors, Tim Christen, D. O. Mook-Kanamori, the ICBP Consortium, Stefan Gustafsson, Lars Lind, Erik Ingelsson, Raha Pazoki, Oscar Franco, Albert Hofman, Andre Uitterlinden, Abbas Dehghan, Alexander Teumer, Sebastian Baumeister, Marcus Dörr, Markus M. Lerch, Uwe Völker, Henry Völzke, Joey Ward, Jill P. Pell, Tom Meade, Ingrid E. Christophersen, Anke H. Maitland-van der Zee, Ekaterina V. Baranova, Robin Young, Ian Ford, Archie Campbell, Sandosh Padmanabhan, Michiel L. Bots, Diederick E. Grobbee, Philippe Froguel, Dorothée Thuillier, Ronan Roussel, Amélie Bonnefond, Bertrand Cariou, Melissa Smart, Yanchun Bao, Meena Kumari, Anubha Mahajan, Jemma C. Hopewell, Sudha Seshadri, the METASTROKE Consortium of the ISGC, Caroline Dale, Rui Providencia E. Costa, Paul M. Ridker, Daniel I. Chasman, Alex P. Reiner, Marylyn D. Ritchie, Leslie A. Lange, Alex J. Cornish, Sara E. Dobbins, Kari Hemminki, Ben Kinnersley, Marc Sanson, Karim Labreche, Matthias Simon, Melissa Bondy, Philip Law, Helen Speedy, James Allan, Ni Li, Molly Went, Niels Weinhold, Gareth Morgan, Pieter Sonneveld, Björn Nilsson, Hartmut Goldschmidt, Amit Sud, Andreas Engert, Markus Hansson, Harry Hemingway, Folkert W. Asselbergs, Riyaz S. Patel, Brendan J. Keating, Naveed Sattar, Richard Houlston, Juan P. Casas, and Aroon D. Hingorani
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Genetic association studies ,Mendelian randomisation ,LDL-cholesterol ,Phenome-wide association scan ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Abstract Background We characterised the phenotypic consequence of genetic variation at the PCSK9 locus and compared findings with recent trials of pharmacological inhibitors of PCSK9. Methods Published and individual participant level data (300,000+ participants) were combined to construct a weighted PCSK9 gene-centric score (GS). Seventeen randomized placebo controlled PCSK9 inhibitor trials were included, providing data on 79,578 participants. Results were scaled to a one mmol/L lower LDL-C concentration. Results The PCSK9 GS (comprising 4 SNPs) associations with plasma lipid and apolipoprotein levels were consistent in direction with treatment effects. The GS odds ratio (OR) for myocardial infarction (MI) was 0.53 (95% CI 0.42; 0.68), compared to a PCSK9 inhibitor effect of 0.90 (95% CI 0.86; 0.93). For ischemic stroke ORs were 0.84 (95% CI 0.57; 1.22) for the GS, compared to 0.85 (95% CI 0.78; 0.93) in the drug trials. ORs with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) were 1.29 (95% CI 1.11; 1.50) for the GS, as compared to 1.00 (95% CI 0.96; 1.04) for incident T2DM in PCSK9 inhibitor trials. No genetic associations were observed for cancer, heart failure, atrial fibrillation, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, or Alzheimer’s disease – outcomes for which large-scale trial data were unavailable. Conclusions Genetic variation at the PCSK9 locus recapitulates the effects of therapeutic inhibition of PCSK9 on major blood lipid fractions and MI. While indicating an increased risk of T2DM, no other possible safety concerns were shown; although precision was moderate.
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- 2019
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27. Evidence-based proposal for the number of ambulatory readings required for assessing blood pressure level in research settings: an analysis of the IDACO database
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Wen-Yi Yang, Lutgarde Thijs, Zhen-Yu Zhang, Kei Asayama, José Boggia, Tine W. Hansen, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Jørgen Jeppesen, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Sofia Malyutina, Edoardo Casiglia, Yuri Nikitin, Yan Li, Ji-Guang Wang, Yutaka Imai, Kalina Kawecka-Jaszcz, Eoin O’Brien, and Jan A. Staessen
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blood pressure monitoring ,cardiovascular risk ,diagnosis ,hypertension ,population science ,Diseases of the circulatory (Cardiovascular) system ,RC666-701 - Abstract
Background: Guidelines on the required number of ambulatory blood pressure (ABP) readings focus on individual patients. Clinical researchers often face the dilemma of applying recommendations and discarding potentially valuable information or accepting fewer readings. Methods: Starting from ABP recordings with ≥30/≥10 awake/asleep readings in 4277 participants enrolled in eight population studies in the International Database on Ambulatory Blood Pressure in Relation to Cardiovascular Outcomes (IDACO), we randomly selected a certain number of readings (from 30 to 1 awake and 10 to 1 asleep readings) at a time over 1000 bootstraps at each step. We evaluated: (i) concordance of the ABP level; (ii) consistency of the cross-classification based on office blood pressure and ABP; and (iii) accuracy in predicting cardiovascular complications. For each criterion, we fitted a regression line joining data points relating outcome to the number of readings covering the ranges of 30-20/10-7 for awake/asleep readings. Results: Reducing readings widened the SD of the systolic/diastolic differences between full (reference) and selected recordings from 1.7/1.2 (30 readings) to 14.3/10.3 mm Hg (single reading) during wakefulness, and from 1.9/1.4 to 10.3/7.7 mm Hg during sleep; lowered the κ statistic from 0.94 to 0.63, and decreased the hazard ratio associated with 10/5 mm Hg increments in systolic/diastolic ABP from 1.21/1.14 to 1.06/1.04 during wakefulness and from 1.26/1.17 to 1.14/1.08 during sleep. The first data points falling off these regression lines during wakefulness/sleep corresponded to 8/3 and 8/4 readings for criteria (i) and (iii) and to 5 awake readings for criterion (ii). Conclusions: 24-h ambulatory recordings with ≥8/≥4 awake/asleep readings yielded ABP levels similar to recordings including the guideline-recommended ≥20/≥7 readings. These criteria save valuable data in a research setting, but are not applicable to clinical practice.
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- 2018
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28. Longitudinal trajectories of blood lipid levels in an ageing population sample of Russian Western-Siberian urban population.
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Jaroslav A Hubacek, Yuri Nikitin, Yulia Ragino, Ekaterina Stakhneva, Hynek Pikhart, Anne Peasey, Michael V Holmes, Denes Stefler, Andrey Ryabikov, Eugeny Verevkin, Martin Bobak, and Sofia Malyutina
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
This study investigated 12-year blood lipid trajectories and whether these trajectories are modified by smoking and lipid lowering treatment in older Russians. To do so, we analysed data on 9,218 Russian West-Siberian Caucasians aged 45-69 years at baseline participating in the international HAPIEE cohort study. Mixed-effect multilevel models were used to estimate individual level lipid trajectories across the baseline and two follow-up examinations (16,445 separate measurements over 12 years). In all age groups, we observed a reduction in serum total cholesterol (TC), LDL-C and non-HDL-C over time even after adjusting for sex, statin treatment, hypertension, diabetes, social factors and mortality (P 60 years at baseline). In smokers, TC, LDL-C, non-HDL-C and TG decreased less markedly than in non-smokers, while HDL-C decreased more rapidly while the LDL-C/HDL-C ratio increased. In subjects treated with lipid-lowering drugs, TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C decreased more markedly and HDL-C less markedly than in untreated subjects while TG and LDL-C/HDL-C remained stable or increased in treatment naïve subjects. We conclude, that in this ageing population we observed marked changes in blood lipids over a 12 year follow up, with decreasing trajectories of TC, LDL-C and non-HDL-C and mixed trajectories of TG. The findings suggest that monitoring of age-related trajectories in blood lipids may improve prediction of CVD risk beyond single measurements.
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- 2021
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29. Untreated hypertension in Russian 35-69 year olds - a cross-sectional study.
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Jakob Petersen, Anna Kontsevaya, Martin McKee, Alexander V Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Sarah Cook, and David A Leon
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND:The Russian Federation has among the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) in the world and a high rate of untreated hypertension remains an important risk factor. Understanding who is at greatest risk is important to inform approaches to primary prevention. METHODS:2,353 hypertensive 35-69 year olds were selected from a population-based study, Know Your Heart, conducted in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, Russian Federation, 2015-2018. The associations between untreated hypertension and a range of co-variates related to socio-demographics, health, and health behaviours were examined. RESULTS:The age-standardised prevalence of untreated hypertension was 51.1% (95% CI 47.8-54.5) in males, 28.8% (25.4-32.5) in females, and 40.0% (37.5-42.5) overall. The factors associated with untreated hypertension relative to treated hypertension were younger ages, self-rated general health as very good-excellent, not being obese, no history of CVD events, no evidence of diabetes or chronic kidney disease, and not seeing a primary care doctor in the past year as well as problem drinking for women and working full time, lower education, and smoking for men. CONCLUSION:The study found relatively high prevalence of untreated hypertension, especially, in men. Recent initiatives to strengthen primary care provision and implementation of a general health check programme (dispansarisation) are promising, although further studies should evaluate other, potentially more effective strategies tailored to the particular circumstances of this population.
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- 2020
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30. Know Your Heart: Rationale, design and conduct of a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular structure, function and risk factors in 4500 men and women aged 35-69 years from two Russian cities, 2015-18 [version 3; referees: 3 approved]
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Sarah Cook, Sofia Malyutina, Alexander V Kudryavtsev, Maria Averina, Natalia Bobrova, Sergey Boytsov, Soren Brage, Taane G. Clark, Ernest Diez Benavente, Anne Elise Eggen, Laila A Hopstock, Alun Hughes, Heidi Johansen, Kamila Kholmatova, Anastasiya Kichigina, Anna Kontsevaya, Michael Kornev, Darryl Leong, Per Magnus, Ellisiv Mathiesen, Martin McKee, Katy Morgan, Odd Nilssen, Ilya Plakhov, Jennifer K Quint, Alicja Rapala, Andrey Ryabikov, Lyudmila Saburova, Henrik Schirmer, Marina Shapkina, Suhail Shiekh, Vladimir M Shkolnikov, Michael Stylidis, Michael Voevoda, Kate Westgate, and David A Leon
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Russia has one of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease in the world. The International Project on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia (IPCDR) was set up to understand the reasons for this. A substantial component of this study was the Know Your Heart Study devoted to characterising the nature and causes of cardiovascular disease in Russia by conducting large cross-sectional surveys in two Russian cities Novosibirsk and Arkhangelsk. The study population was 4542 men and women aged 35-69 years recruited from the general population. Fieldwork took place between 2015-18. There were two study components: 1) a baseline interview to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, usually conducted at home, and 2) a comprehensive health check at a primary care clinic which included detailed examination of the cardiovascular system. In this paper we describe in detail the rationale for, design and conduct of these studies.
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- 2018
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31. Know Your Heart: Rationale, design and conduct of a cross-sectional study of cardiovascular structure, function and risk factors in 4500 men and women aged 35-69 years from two Russian cities, 2015-18 [version 2; referees: 3 approved]
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Sarah Cook, Sofia Malyutina, Alexander V Kudryavtsev, Maria Averina, Natalia Bobrova, Sergey Boytsov, Soren Brage, Taane G. Clark, Ernest Diez Benavente, Anne Elise Eggen, Laila A Hopstock, Alun Hughes, Heidi Johansen, Kamila Kholmatova, Anastasiya Kichigina, Anna Kontsevaya, Michael Kornev, Darryl Leong, Per Magnus, Ellisiv Mathiesen, Martin McKee, Katy Morgan, Odd Nilssen, Ilya Plakhov, Jennifer K Quint, Alicja Rapala, Andrey Ryabikov, Lyudmila Saburova, Henrik Schirmer, Marina Shapkina, Suhail Shiekh, Vladimir M Shkolnikov, Michael Stylidis, Michael Voevoda, Kate Westgate, and David A Leon
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Russia has one of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease in the world. The International Project on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia (IPCDR) was set up to understand the reasons for this. A substantial component of this study was the Know Your Heart Study devoted to characterising the nature and causes of cardiovascular disease in Russia by conducting large cross-sectional surveys in two Russian cities Novosibirsk and Arkhangelsk. The study population was 4542 men and women aged 35-69 years recruited from the general population. Fieldwork took place between 2015-18. There were two study components: 1) a baseline interview to collect information on socio-demographic characteristics and cardiovascular risk factors, usually conducted at home, and 2) a comprehensive health check at a primary care clinic which included detailed examination of the cardiovascular system. In this paper we describe in detail the rationale for, design and conduct of these studies.
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- 2018
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32. Mediterranean diet and physical functioning trajectories in Eastern Europe: Findings from the HAPIEE study.
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Denes Stefler, Yaoyue Hu, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pajak, Ruzena Kubinova, Anne Peasey, Hynek Pikhart, Fernando Rodriguez-Artalejo, and Martin Bobak
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
BACKGROUND:Unhealthy diet may increase the risk of impaired physical functioning in older age. Although poor diet and limited physical functioning both seem to be particularly common in Eastern Europe, no previous study has assessed the relationship between these two factors in this region. The current analysis examined the association between overall diet quality and physical functioning in Eastern European populations. METHODS:We used data on 25,504 persons (aged 45-69 years at baseline) who participated in the Health Alcohol and Psychosocial factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study. Dietary assessment at baseline used food frequency questionnaire, and the overall diet quality was evaluated by the Mediterranean diet score (MDS). Physical functioning (PF) was measured by the physical functioning subscale (PF-10) of the 36-item Short-Form Health Survey at baseline and three subsequent occasions over a 10-year period. The cross-sectional and longitudinal relationships between the MDS and PF were examined simultaneously using growth curve models. RESULTS:Men and women with higher adherence to the Mediterranean diet had significantly better PF at baseline; after multivariable adjustment, the regression coefficient per 1-unit increase in the MDS was 0.39 (95% CI: 0.25, 0.52) in men and 0.50 (0.36, 0.64) in women. However, we found no statistically significant link between baseline MDS and the subsequent slope of PF decline in neither gender; the coefficients were -0.02 (-0.04, 0.00) in men and -0.01 (-0.03, 0.02) in women. DISCUSSION:Our results do not support the hypothesis that the Mediterranean diet has a substantial impact on the trajectories of physical functioning, although the differences existing at baseline may be related to dietary habits in earlier life.
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- 2018
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33. Psychosocial and socioeconomic determinants of cardiovascular mortality in Eastern Europe: A multicentre prospective cohort study.
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Taavi Tillmann, Hynek Pikhart, Anne Peasey, Ruzena Kubinova, Andrzej Pajak, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Steptoe, Mika Kivimäki, Michael Marmot, and Martin Bobak
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Medicine - Abstract
BackgroundEastern European countries have some of the highest rates of cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality, much of which cannot be adequately accounted for by conventional CVD risk factors. Psychosocial and socioeconomic factors may affect risk of CVD, but relatively few studies on this issue have been undertaken in Eastern Europe. We investigated whether various psychosocial factors are associated with CVD mortality independently from each other and whether they can help explain differences in CVD mortality between Eastern European populations.MethodsParticipants were from the Health, Alcohol and Psychological factors in Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) cohort study in Russia, Poland and the Czech Republic, including a total of 20,867 men and women aged 43-74 years and free of CVD at baseline examination during 2002-2005. Participants were followed-up for CVD mortality after linkage to national mortality registries for a median of 7.2 years.ResultsDuring the follow-up, 556 participants died from CVD. After mutual adjustment, six psychosocial and socioeconomic factors were associated with increased risk of CVD death: unemployment, low material amenities, depression, being single, infrequent contacts with friends or relatives. The hazard ratios [HRs] for these six factors ranged between 1.26 [95% confidence interval 1.14-1.40] and 1.81 [95% confidence interval 1.24-2.64], fully adjusted for each other, and conventional cardiovascular risk factors. Population-attributable fractions ranged from 8% [4%-13%] to 22% [11%-31%] for each factor, when measured on average across the three cohorts. However, the prevalence of psychosocial and socioeconomic risk factors and their HRs were similar between the three countries. Altogether, these factors could not explain why participants from Russia had higher CVD mortality when compared to participants from Poland/Czech Republic. Limitations of this study include measurement error that could lead to residual confounding; and the possibilities for reverse causation and/or unmeasured confounding from observational studies to lead to associations that are not causal in nature.ConclusionsSix psychosocial and socioeconomic factors were associated with cardiovascular mortality, independent of each other. Differences in mortality between cohorts from Russia versus Poland or Check Republic remained unexplained.
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- 2017
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34. Analysis of Polymorphism rs1333049 (Located at 9P21.3) in the White Population of Western Siberia and Associations with Clinical and Biochemical Markers
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Elena Shakhtshneider, Pavel Orlov, Sergey Semaev, Dinara Ivanoshchuk, Sofia Malyutina, Valery Gafarov, Yuliya Ragino, and Mikhail Voevoda
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rs1333049 ,risk of cardiovascular disease ,lipid profile ,white population ,Western Siberia ,Microbiology ,QR1-502 - Abstract
The 9p21.3 chromosomal region is a marker of the risk of cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to analyze single-nucleotide polymorphism rs1333049 (chr9:22125504) in the population of Western Siberia (Russia) and possible associations with clinical and biochemical parameters. The population included in the analyses was selected from a sample surveyed within the framework of the Health, Alcohol and Psychosocial Factors In Eastern Europe (HAPIEE) study (9360 participants, >90% white, aged 45−69, males: 50%). In total, 2729 randomly selected patients were included. Plasma lipid levels were determined by standard enzymatic assays. Rs1333049 was analyzed by RT-PCR (BioLabMix, Russia). Frequencies of rs1333049 genotypes C/C (homozygote), C/G (heterozygote), and G/G were 0.22, 0.51, and 0.27 in this population. The Allele G frequency was 0.53. We found an association of allele G with total cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels among male participants (p = 0.004 and p = 0.002, respectively). Allele C was significantly associated with the risk of myocardial infarction among the male participants (odds ratio 1.96, 95% confidence interval 1.14−3.38, p = 0.017) and the study population (odds ratio 1.83, 95% confidence interval 1.23−2.72, p = 0.004). Thus, rs1333049 is associated with myocardial infarction in the white population of Western Siberia (Russia).
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- 2019
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35. Does inclusion of education and marital status improve SCORE performance in central and eastern europe and former soviet union? findings from MONICA and HAPIEE cohorts.
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Olga Vikhireva, Grazyna Broda, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pająk, Abdonas Tamosiunas, Zdena Skodova, Galina Simonova, Martin Bobak, and Hynek Pikhart
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
The SCORE scale predicts the 10-year risk of fatal atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease (CVD), based on conventional risk factors. The high-risk version of SCORE is recommended for Central and Eastern Europe and former Soviet Union (CEE/FSU), due to high CVD mortality rates in these countries. Given the pronounced social gradient in cardiovascular mortality in the region, it is important to consider social factors in the CVD risk prediction. We investigated whether adding education and marital status to SCORE benefits its prognostic performance in two sets of population-based CEE/FSU cohorts.The WHO MONICA (MONItoring of trends and determinants in CArdiovascular disease) cohorts from the Czech Republic, Poland (Warsaw and Tarnobrzeg), Lithuania (Kaunas), and Russia (Novosibirsk) were followed from the mid-1980s (577 atherosclerotic CVD deaths among 14,969 participants with non-missing data). The HAPIEE (Health, Alcohol, and Psychosocial factors In Eastern Europe) study follows Czech, Polish (Krakow), and Russian (Novosibirsk) cohorts from 2002-05 (395 atherosclerotic CVD deaths in 19,900 individuals with non-missing data).In MONICA and HAPIEE, the high-risk SCORE ≥5% at baseline strongly and significantly predicted fatal CVD both before and after adjustment for education and marital status. After controlling for SCORE, lower education and non-married status were significantly associated with CVD mortality in some samples. SCORE extension by these additional risk factors only slightly improved indices of calibration and discrimination (integrated discrimination improvement
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- 2014
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36. Drinking pattern, abstention and problem drinking as risk factors for depressive symptoms: evidence from three urban Eastern European populations.
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Steven Bell, Annie Britton, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, Andrzej Pajak, Yuri Nikitin, and Martin Bobak
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
PURPOSE:To examine whether the frequency and amount of alcohol consumed in binge drinking sessions, total annual volume of alcohol consumed, problem drinking and abstaining from alcohol are associated with depressive symptoms in Eastern Europe. SUBJECTS AND METHODS:Cross-sectional data from a total of 24,381 participants from general population samples of the Czech Republic (N = 7,601), Russia (N = 6,908) and Poland (N = 9,872) aged 45-69 years in 2002-2005. Depressive symptoms were defined as ≥ 16 points on the Centre for Epidemiological Studies - Depression (CES-D) scale. Several alcohol related measures were derived using responses from the graduated frequency questionnaire. Binge drinking was defined at several sex-specific thresholds (ranging from 60+ to 140+ g of ethanol) and two frequencies (at least monthly or weekly). Total annual alcohol intake in grams was also extracted. Problem drinking was defined as ≥ 2 positive answers on the CAGE questionnaire. RESULTS:Problem drinking was consistently associated with approximately a 2-fold increase in odds of depressive symptoms across all countries and in both sexes. Abstaining from alcohol was typically associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms. Analyses separating lifelong abstainers and former drinkers in the Russian cohort revealed that this increased odds was driven by former drinkers. Amongst men, heavy frequent binge drinking was associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms in the Czech Republic and Poland. In women, heavy infrequent binge drinking was associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms in Russia and Poland. Only in Polish men was higher annual volume of alcohol intake associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms. CONCLUSION:Abstaining from alcohol and problem drinking were associated with increased odds of depressive symptoms in these Eastern European populations. Annual volume of alcohol intake as well as frequency and amount of alcohol consumed in a binge drinking session were less consistently associated with depressive symptoms.
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- 2014
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37. Binge drinking and blood pressure: cross-sectional results of the HAPIEE study.
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Andrzej Pajak, Krystyna Szafraniec, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, Anne Peasey, Hynek Pikhart, Yuri Nikitin, Michael Marmot, and Martin Bobak
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
ObjectivesTo investigate whether binge drinking pattern influences blood pressure independently from drinking volume or whether it modifies the effect of volume of drinking.MethodsWe used cross-sectional data from population samples of 7559 men and 7471 women aged 45-69 years in 2002-05, not on antihypertensive medication, from Russia, Poland and Czech Republic. Annual alcohol intake, drinking frequency and binge drinking (≥ 100 g in men and ≥ 60 g in women in one session at least once a month) were estimated from graduated frequency questionnaire. Blood pressure was analysed as continuous variables (systolic and diastolic pressure) and a binary outcome (≥ 140/90 mm Hg).ResultsIn men, annual alcohol intake and drinking frequency were strongly associated with blood pressure. The odds ratio of high blood pressure for binge drinking in men was 1.62 (95% CI 1.45-1.82) after controlling for age, country, body mass index, education and smoking; additional adjustment for annual alcohol intake reduced it to 1.20 (1.03-1.39). In women, the fully adjusted odds ratio of high blood pressure for binge drinking was 1.31 (1.05-1.63). Binge drinking did not modify the effect of annual alcohol intake. Consuming alcohol as wine, beer or spirits had similar effects.ConclusionsThe results suggest that the independent long-term effect of binge drinking was modest, that binge drinking did not modify the effect of alcohol intake, and that different alcoholic beverages had similar effects on blood pressure.
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- 2013
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38. Association of Common Variants of APOE, CETP, and the 9p21.3 Chromosomal Region with the Risk of Myocardial Infarction: A Prospective Study
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Ragino, Sergey Semaev, Elena Shakhtshneider, Liliya Shcherbakova, Pavel Orlov, Dinara Ivanoshchuk, Sofia Malyutina, Valery Gafarov, Mikhail Voevoda, and Yuliya
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rs1333049 ,rs708272 ,rs7412 ,rs429358 ,myocardial infarction ,cardiovascular disease ,prospective study - Abstract
The individual risk of an unfavorable cardiovascular outcome is determined by genetic factors in addition to lifestyle factors. This study was aimed at analyzing possible associations of several genetic factors with the risk of myocardial infarction (MI). For our study, we selected genes that have been significantly associated with MI in meta-analyses: the chromosomal region 9p21.3, the CETP gene, and the APOE gene. In total, 2286 randomly selected patients were included. Rs708272 and rs429358 and rs7412 were analyzed using RT-PCR via the TaqMan principle, and rs1333049 vas analyzed via a commercial KASP assay. In our sample, the frequencies of alleles and genotypes were consistent with frequencies in comparable populations of Eastern and Western Europe. Allele C of rs1333049 was significantly associated with MI among males (p = 0.027) and in the whole study sample (p = 0.008). We also revealed a significant association of the ɛ2/ɛ4 genotype of APOE with MI among males (p < 0.0001) and in the whole study sample (p < 0.0001). Thus, among the tested polymorphisms, some genotypes of rs1333049 and rs429358 and rs7412 are the most strongly associated with MI and can be recommended for inclusion into a genetic risk score.
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- 2023
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39. The Relationship between All-Cause Natural Mortality and Copy Number of Mitochondrial DNA in a 15-Year Follow-Up Study
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Voevoda, Sofia Malyutina, Vladimir Maximov, Olga Chervova, Pavel Orlov, Anastasiya Ivanova, Ekaterina Mazdorova, Andrew Ryabikov, Galina Simonova, and Mikhail
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mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) ,ageing ,mortality ,circulatory system diseases ,cancer ,case–control ,population - Abstract
We explored the relationship between the copy number of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA-CN) and all-cause natural mortality. We examined a random population sample in 2003/2005 (n = 9360, men/women, 45–69, the HAPIEE project) and followed up for 15 years. Using a nested case–control design, we selected non-external deaths among those free from baseline cardiovascular diseases (CVD) and cancer (n = 371), and a sex- and age-stratified control (n = 785). The odds ratios (ORs) of death were 1.06 (95%CI 1.01–1.11) per one-decile decrease in mtDNA-CN independent of age, sex, metabolic factors, smoking, alcohol intake and education. The age–sex-adjusted ORs of death in the second and first tertiles of mtDNA-CN vs. the top tertile were 2.35 (95% CI 1.70–3.26) and 1.59 (1.16–2.17); an increased risk was confined to the second tertile after controlling for smoking and metabolic factors. The multivariable-adjusted OR of CVD death was 1.92 (95% CI 1.18–3.15) in tertile 2 vs. the top tertile of mtDNA-CN, and for cancer-related death the ORs were 3.66 (95% CI 2.21–6.05) and 2.29 (95% CI 1.43–3.68) in tertiles 2 and 1 vs. the top tertile. In the Siberian population cohort, the mtDNA-CN was an inverse predictor of the 15-year risk of natural mortality, due to the greatest impact of CVD and cancer-related death. The findings merit attention for exploring further the role of mtDNA in human ageing and the diversity of mortality.
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- 2023
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40. Influence of hypertension on systolic and diastolic left ventricular function including segmental strain and strain rate
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Mikhail Kornev, Hatice Akay Caglayan, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Ryabikov, Henrik Schirmer, and Assami Rösner
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Radiology, Nuclear Medicine and imaging ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine - Published
- 2023
41. Association between Alcohol Consumption and Body Composition in Russian Adults and Patients Treated for Alcohol-Related Disorders: The Know Your Heart Cross-Sectional Study
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Nikita A. Mitkin, Tatiana N. Unguryanu, Sofia Malyutina, and Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
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hip circumference ,body composition ,alcohol ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,body mass index ,waist-to-hip ratio ,waist circumference ,body fat percentage - Abstract
There is conflicting evidence about the association between alcohol consumption and body composition (BC). We aimed to investigate this association in Russian adults. The study population included 2357 residents of Arkhangelsk aged 35–69 years, and 272 in-patients treated for alcohol problems (narcological patients) who participated in the Know Your Heart (KYH) cross-sectional study in 2015–2017. The participants were divided into five subgroups based on their alcohol use characteristics: non-drinkers, non-problem drinkers, hazardous drinkers, harmful drinkers, and narcological patients. Considering men, hazardous drinkers had a larger waist circumference (WC), waist-to-hip ratio (WHR), and percentage of body fat mass (%FM) compared to non-problem drinkers. In harmful drinking men, these differences were the opposite: a lower body mass index (BMI), hip circumference (HC), and %FM. Men among narcological patients had the lowest mean BMI, WC, HC, WHR, and %FM compared to other subgroups of men. As for women, non-drinkers had a lower BMI, WC, HC, and %FM compared to non-problem drinkers. Women among narcological patients had the lowest mean BMI and HC but an increased WHR compared to other subgroups of women. In conclusion, alcohol consumption levels had an inverted J-shaped association with adiposity-related BC parameters: they were elevated in hazardous drinkers but were reduced in harmful drinkers, and were even lower in patients with alcohol-related diagnoses.
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- 2023
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42. Relation between hypertension and systolic and diastolic left ventricular function including segmental strain and strain rate
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Assami Rösner, Michael Kornev, Hatice Akay Caglayan, Alexander Kudryavtsev V, Sofia Malyutina, Andrew Ryabikov, and Henrik Schirmer
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Background Left ventricular (LV) systolic and diastolic functions are important cardiovascular risk predictors in patients with hypertension. However, data on segmental, layer-specific strain, and diastolic strain rates in these patients are limited. The aim of this study was to investigate segmental two-dimensional strain rate imaging (SRI)-derived parameters to characterize LV systolic and diastolic function in hypertensive individuals compared with that in normotensive individuals. Methods The study sample comprised 1194 participants from population studies in Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk, Russia, and 1013 individuals from the Seventh Tromsø Study in Norway. The study population was divided into four subgroups: A. healthy individuals with normal blood pressure (BP), B. individuals on antihypertensive medication with normal BP, C. individuals with systolic BP 140–159 mmHg and/or diastolic BP >90 mm HG, and D. individuals with systolic BP ≥160 mmHg. In addition to conventional echocardiographic parameters, global and segmental layer-specific strains and strain rates in early diastole and atrial contraction (SR E, SR A) were extracted. The strain and SR (S/SR) analysis included only segments without strain curve artifacts. Results With increasing BP, the systolic and diastolic global and segmental S/SR gradually decreased. SR E, a marker of impaired relaxation, showed the most distinctive differences between the groups. In normotensive controls and the three hypertension groups, all segmental parameters displayed apico-basal gradients, with the lowest S/SR in the basal septal and highest in apical segments. Only SR A did not differ between the segmental groups but increased gradually with increasing BP. End-systolic strain showed incremental epi-towards endocardial gradients, irrespective of the study group. Conclusion Arterial hypertension reduces global and segmental systolic and diastolic left ventricular S/SR parameters. Impaired relaxation determined by SR E is the dominant factor of diastolic dysfunction, whereas end-diastolic compliance (by SR A) does not seem to be influenced by different degrees of hypertension. Segmental strain, SR E and SR A provide new insights into the LV cardiomechanics in hypertensive hearts.
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- 2022
43. The Profile of Glucose Lowering Therapy in Persons with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus in an Aging Russian Population
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Sofia Malyutina, Elena Mazurenko, Ekaterina Mazdorova, Marina Shapkina, Ekaterina Avdeeva, Svetlana Mustafina, Galina Simonova, and Andrey Ryabikov
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diabetes mellitus type 2 ,glucose lowering therapy ,glycemic control ,HAPIEE cohort ,population ,Medicine (miscellaneous) - Abstract
We aimed to analyze the profile of glucose lowering therapy (GLT) in persons with diabetes mellitus type 2 (DM2) in an aging Russian population. A random population sample (n = 3898, men/women, 55–84) was examined in Novosibirsk, during 2015–2018 (HAPIEE Project). The design of the present work is a cross-sectional study. DM2 was defined in those with a history of DM2 receiving GLT, or at a level of fasting plasma glucose (FPG) ≥7.0 mmol/L. The entire DM2 group was included in the analysis (n = 803); of these, 476 persons were taking GLT and were included in the analysis at stage 2. Regular GLT medication intake for 12 months was coded with ATC. In studied sample, the prevalence of DM2 was 20.8%. Among subjects with DM2, 59% of individuals received GLT, 32% did not. Glycemic control (FPG < 7.0 mmol/L) was achieved in every fifth participant with DM2 (35% in those receiving GLT). In frequency of GLT use, biguanides ranked in first place (75%), sulfonylurea derivatives in second (35%), insulins in third (12%), and iDPP-4 in fourth (5%). Among those receiving GLT, 24% used combined oral therapy, and 6% used insulin-combined therapy. In conclusion, in a population sample aged 55–84 examined in 2015–2018, glycemic control was achieved in every fifth participant with DM2, and in every third participant receiving GLT. The proportion of participants using new GLT drugs was small, and there was a lack of HbA1c monitoring for intensive glycemic control.
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- 2022
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44. Predictive power of 24-h ambulatory pulse pressure and its components for mortality and cardiovascular outcomes in 11 848 participants recruited from 13 populations
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Benjamin Gavish, Michael Bursztyn, Lutgarde Thijs, Dong-Mei Wei, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Zhen-Yu Zhang, José Boggia, Tine W. Hansen, Kei Asayama, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Masahiro Kikuya, Wen-Yi Yang, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Sofia Malyutina, Edoardo Casiglia, Lars Lind, Yan Li, Kalina Kawecka-Jaszcz, Jan Filipovský, Valérie Tikhonoff, Natasza Gilis-Malinowska, Eamon Dolan, Edgardo Sandoya, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Ji-Guang Wang, Yutaka Imai, Gladys E. Maestre, Eoin O’Brien, and Jan A. Staessen
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Adult ,Male ,Physiology ,Systole ,Blood Pressure ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,Middle Aged ,Cohort Studies ,Cardiovascular Diseases ,Hypertension ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,Female ,Cardiology and Cardiovascular Medicine ,Aged - Abstract
The role of pulse pressure (PP) 'widening' at older and younger age as a cardiovascular risk factor is still controversial. Mean PP, as determined from repeated blood pressure (BP) readings, can be expressed as a sum of two components: 'elastic PP' (elPP) and 'stiffening PP' (stPP) associated, respectively, with stiffness at the diastole and its relative change during the systole. We investigated the association of 24-h ambulatory PP, elPP, and stPP ('PP variables') with mortality and composite cardiovascular events in different age classes.Longitudinal population-based cohort study of adults with baseline observations that included 24-h ambulatory BP. Age classes were age 40 or less, 40-50, 50-60, 60-70, and over 70 years. Co-primary endpoints were total mortality and composite cardiovascular events. The relative risk expressed by hazard ratio per 1SD increase for each of the PP variables was calculated from multivariable-adjusted Cox regression models.The 11 848 participants from 13 cohorts (age 53 ± 16 years, 50% men) were followed for up for 13.7 ± 6.7 years. A total of 2946 participants died (18.1 per 1000 person-years) and 2093 experienced a fatal or nonfatal cardiovascular event (12.9 per 1000 person-years). Mean PP, elPP, and stPP were, respectively, 49.7, 43.5, and 6.2 mmHg, and elPP and stPP were uncorrelated ( r = -0.07). At age 50-60 years, all PP variables displayed association with risk for almost all outcomes. From age over 60 years to age over 70 years, hazard ratios of of PP and elPP were similar and decreased gradually but differently for pulse rate lower than or higher than 70 bpm, whereas stPP lacked predictive power in most cases. For age 40 years or less, elPP showed protective power for coronary events, whereas stPP and PP predicted stroke events. Adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratio variations were similar over the entire age range.This study provides a new basis for associating PP components with outcome and arterial properties in different age groups and at different pulse rates for both old and young age. The similarity between adjusted and unadjusted hazard ratios supports the clinical usefulness of PP components but further studies are needed to assess the prognostic significance of the PP components, especially at the young age.
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- 2022
45. Work stress, overcommitment personality and alcohol consumption based on the Effort-Reward Imbalance model: A population-based cohort study
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Sung-Wei Chen, Hynek Pikhart, Anne Peasey, Andrzej Pajak, Ruzena Kubinova, Sofia Malyutina, and Martin Bobak
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Health (social science) ,Health Policy ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health - Abstract
Work stress has been extensively supported to predict health outcomes like health behaviors. Evidence has linked work stress and personality independently to health, but the interrelationships between work stress and personality and their joint effects on health might deserve more attention in research. This study attempts to integrate recent developments in psychological research (diverse roles of personality in stress processes) into the well-established Effort-Reward Imbalance (ERI) model for work stress. Based on the ERI model, this population-based cohort study aims to investigate the relationships between work stress, personality and alcohol consumption; it particularly focuses on potential roles of overcommitment (OC) personality in ERI-drinking relations, including modifying, antecedent, mediator or direct effects. This two-wave cohort study was conducted in population samples of 3782 men and 3731 women (aged 45-69 years) from Czech Republic, Poland and Russia. Alcohol consumption was assessed by three drinking outcomes: binge drinking, heavy drinking and problem drinking. To assess modifying effect of OC in ERI-drinking relations, logistic regression was used. To assess antecedent or mediator role of OC in ERI-drinking relations, path analysis with the autoregressive and cross-lagged model was conducted. The results showed that OC had no significantly modifying effect in ERI-drinking relations. OC and ERI might have bidirectional relationships in the average follow-up period of 3.5 years; the effect of OC on ERI was remarkably stronger than the reversed causation. Antecedent role of OC in ERI-drinking relationship was significant, but mediator role of OC was not. In conclusion, our findings imply that "antecedent role" of OC in ERI-drinking relations is significant and promising as a potential target for individual intervention; future interventions are suggested to identify and target potential cognitive-behavioral mechanisms via which personality might influence work stress and subsequently health behaviors.
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- 2022
46. Obesity Prevalence and Associated Socio-Demographic Characteristics and Health Behaviors in Russia and Norway
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Kamila Kholmatova, Alexandra Krettek, David A. Leon, Sofia Malyutina, Sarah Cook, Laila A. Hopstock, Ola Løvsletten, and Alexander V. Kudryavtsev
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Male ,obesity ,alcohol ,Norway ,Health, Toxicology and Mutagenesis ,Health Behavior ,waist-to-hip ratio ,cross-sectional study ,socio-demographic factors ,smoking ,sex ,Russia ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,Public Health, Global Health, Social Medicine and Epidemiology ,Toxicology ,Body Mass Index ,Folkhälsovetenskap, global hälsa, socialmedicin och epidemiologi ,Risk Factors ,Obesity, Abdominal ,Prevalence ,Humans ,Female ,Obesity - Abstract
Associations between obesity and socio-demographic and behavioral characteristics varybetween populations. Exploring such differences should throw light on factors related to obesity. Weexamined associations between general obesity (GO, defined by body mass index) and abdominalobesity (AO, defined by waist-to-hip ratio) and sex, age, socio-economic characteristics (education,financial situation, marital status), smoking and alcohol consumption in women and men aged40–69 yearsfrom the Know Your Heart study (KYH, Russia,N= 4121, 2015–2018) and the seventhTromsø Study (Tromsø7, Norway,N= 17,646, 2015–2016). Age-standardized prevalence of GO andAO was higher in KYH compared to Tromsø7 women (36.7 vs. 22.0% and 44.2 vs. 18.4%, respectively)and similar among men (26.0 vs. 25.7% and 74.8 vs. 72.2%, respectively). The positive associationof age with GO and AO was stronger in KYH vs. Tromsø7 women and for AO it was stronger inmen in Tromsø7 vs. KYH. Associations between GO and socio-economic characteristics were similarin KYH and Tromsø7, except for a stronger association with living with spouse/partner in KYHmen. Smoking had a positive association with AO in men in Tromsø7 and in women in both studies.Frequent drinking was negatively associated with GO and AO in Tromsø7 participants and positivelyassociated with GO in KYH men. We found similar obesity prevalence in Russian and Norwegianmen but higher obesity prevalence in Russian compared to Norwegian women. Other results suggestthat the stronger association of obesity with age in Russian women is the major driver of the higherobesity prevalence among them compared to women in Norway. CC BY 4.0Correspondence: kamila.k.kholmatova@uit.noFunding: The KYH study was part of the International Project on Cardiovascular Disease in Russia (IPCDR). It was funded by the Wellcome Trust Strategic Award (100217), by funds from UiT The Arctic University of Norway; Norwegian Institute of Public Health; the Norwegian Ministry of Health and Social Affairs. Tromsø7 was funded by UiT The Arctic University of Norway, Northern Norway Regional Health Authority, Norwegian Ministry of Health and Social Services, and Troms County. Contribution of Sofia Malyutina was supported by the Russian Academy of Science, State target (#122031700094).
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- 2022
47. The Determinants of the 13-Year Risk of Incident Atrial Fibrillation in a Russian Population Cohort of Middle and Elderly Age
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Marina Shapkina, Andrey Ryabikov, Ekaterina Mazdorova, Anastasia Titarenko, Ekaterina Avdeeva, Elena Mazurenko, Lilia Shcherbakova, Hynek Pikhart, Martin Bobak, and Sofia Malyutina
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arterial hypertension ,obesity ,aging ,prevalence ,Medicine (miscellaneous) ,determinants ,Article ,HAPIEE study ,Russian population cohort ,diabetes mellitus ,Cox regression analysis ,Medicine ,atrial fibrillation ,atherosclerosis - Abstract
Atrial fibrillation (AF) is the most common arrhythmia and a predictor of the complications of atherosclerotic cardiovascular diseases (ASCVDs), particularly thromboembolic events and the progression of heart failure. We analyzed the determinants of the 13-year risk of incident AF in a Russian population cohort of middle and elderly age. A random population sample (n = 9360, age 45–69 years) was examined at baseline in 2003–2005 and reexamined in 2006–2008 and 2015–2017 in Novosibirsk (the HAPIEE study). Incident AF was being registered during the average follow-up of 13 years. The final analysis included 3871 participants free from baseline AF and cardiovascular disease (CVD) who participated in all three data collections. In a multivariable-adjusted Cox regression model, the 13-year risk of AF was positively associated with the male sex (hazard ratio (HR) = 2.20; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.26–3.87); age (HR = 1.10 per year; 95% CI 1.07–1.14); body mass index (BMI), (HR = 1.11 per unit; 95% CI 1.07–1.15); systolic blood pressure (SBP), (HR = 1.02 per 1 mmHg; 95% CI 1.01–1.02), and it was negatively associated with total cholesterol (TC), (HR = 0.79 per 1 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.66–0.94). In women, the risk of AF was more strongly associated with hypertension (HT) and was also negatively related to total cholesterol (TC) level (HR = 0.74 per 1 mmol/L; 95% CI 0.56–0.96). No independent association was found with mean alcohol intake per drinking occasion. These results in a Russian cohort have an implication for the prediction of AF and ASCVD complications in the general population.
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- 2022
48. Leukocyte telomere length and mitochondrial DNA copy number association with colorectal cancer risk in an aging population
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Sofia Malyutina, Vladimir Maximov, Olga Chervova, Pavel Orlov, Vitaly Voloshin, Andrew Ryabikov, Mikhail Voevoda, and Tatiana Nikitenko
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In this study, we evaluated the association of blood leukocyte telomere length (LTL) and mitochondrial DNA copy number (mtDNA-CN) with the risk of incident colorectal cancer (CRC). We studied and followed-up a cohort of Russian men and women (aged 45 – 69 years, n = 9360, 54% female) from the HAPIEE study for 15 years. Using the nested case-control design, we selected cases with incident CRC among those free from any baseline cancer (n = 146) and sex- and age-stratified controls among those free from baseline cancer and cardiovascular disease and alive at the end of the follow-up (n = 799). We employed multivariable-adjusted logistic regression to estimate the odds ratios (ORs) of CRC per 1 decile of LTL or mtDNA-CN. We observed an inverse association of LTL and mtDNA-CN baseline values with the 15-year risk of incident CRC. Carriers of shorter telomeres had an increased 15-year risk of incident CRC with adjusted OR 3.2 (95% CI: 2.56 – 3.87, P < 0.001) per 1 decile decrease in LTL, independent of baseline age, sex, smoking, body mass index, blood pressure, lipid levels, and education. Similarly, lower mtDNA-CN was associated with the higher risk of incident CRC with adjusted OR 1.7 (95% CI: 1.12 – 1.89, P < 0.001) per 1 decile decrease in mtDNA-CN, independent of the aforementioned factors. Using the modified values of LTL and mtDNA-CN adjusted for multiple factors and their interactions with a case–control status, the ORs of CRC were 2.53 and 1.52 per 1 decile decrease in adjusted baseline LTL and mtDNA-CN, respectively. In conclusion, LTL and mtDNA-CN were independent inverse predictors of the 15-year risk of CRC in the Russian cohort. These findings highlight the relevance for subsequent research to exploit the mechanisms through which LTL and mtDNA-CN may reflect human health.
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- 2023
49. Opposing Age-Related Trends in Absolute and Relative Risk of Adverse Health Outcomes Associated With Out-of-Office Blood Pressure
- Author
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José Boggia, Antti Jula, Natasza Gilis-Malinowska, Fang Fei Wei, Kalina Kawecka-Jaszcz, Edoardo Casiglia, Kei Asayama, Yuri Nikitin, Eoin O'Brien, Atsushi Hozawa, Lucas S Aparicio, Lars Lind, Lutgarde Thijs, Gladys E. Maestre, Tatiana Kuznetsova, Teemu J. Niiranen, Jan Filipovský, Krzysztof Narkiewicz, Sofia Malyutina, Qi Fang Huang, Wen-Yi Yang, Tine W. Hansen, Jan A. Staessen, Ji-Guang Wang, Masahiro Kikuya, Eamon Dolan, Katarzyna Stolarz-Skrzypek, Jouni K. Johansson, Valérie Tikhonoff, Yutaka Imai, Ichiro Tsuji, Jesus D. Melgarejo, Takayoshi Ohkubo, Yan Li, Kristina Björklund-Bodegård, Zhenyu Zhang, Jessica Barochiner, Edgardo Sandoya, George S. Stergiou, Angeliki Ntineri, RS: CARIM - R3.02 - Hypertension and target organ damage, and RS: Carim - V02 Hypertension and target organ damage
- Subjects
Male ,Internationality ,Office Visits ,PREDICTION ,Health Status ,ambulatory ,030204 cardiovascular system & hematology ,Cohort Studies ,INTERNATIONAL DATABASE ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medicine ,Cardiac and Cardiovascular Systems ,030212 general & internal medicine ,MILLION ADULTS ,POPULATION ,Kardiologi ,CARDIOVASCULAR RISK ,Age Factors ,blood pressure ,Blood Pressure Monitoring, Ambulatory ,Middle Aged ,Ambulatory ,Blood pressure ,Blood pressure monitoring ,Cardiovascular diseases ,Hypertension ,Mortality ,Female ,Life Sciences & Biomedicine ,STROKE ,medicine.medical_specialty ,hypertension ,Health outcomes ,Risk Assessment ,Article ,03 medical and health sciences ,Sex Factors ,Age related ,BASE-LINE CHARACTERISTICS ,Internal Medicine ,Humans ,HOME ,METAANALYSIS ,Aged ,Proportional Hazards Models ,Science & Technology ,business.industry ,Self-Management ,MORTALITY ,Blood Pressure Determination ,mortality ,cardiovascular diseases ,blood pressure monitoring ,Peripheral Vascular Disease ,Relative risk ,Multivariate Analysis ,Emergency medicine ,Cardiovascular System & Cardiology ,business ,TASK-FORCE - Abstract
Participant-level meta-analyses assessed the age-specific relevance of office blood pressure to cardiovascular complications, but this information is lacking for out-of-office blood pressure. At baseline, daytime ambulatory (n=12 624) or home (n=5297) blood pressure were measured in 17 921 participants (51.3% women; mean age, 54.2 years) from 17 population cohorts. Subsequently, mortality and cardiovascular events were recorded. Using multivariable Cox regression, floating absolute risk was computed across 4 age bands (≤60, 61-70, 71-80, and >80 years). Over 236 491 person-years, 3855 people died and 2942 cardiovascular events occurred. From levels as low as 110/65 mm Hg, risk log-linearly increased with higher out-of-office systolic/diastolic blood pressure. From the youngest to the oldest age group, rates expressed per 1000 person-years increased (P
- Published
- 2019
50. Hazardous alcohol consumption and problem drinking in Norwegian and Russian women and men: The Tromsø Study 2015-2016 and the Know Your Heart study 2015-2018
- Author
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Laila A. Hopstock, Alexander V. Kudryavtsev, Sofia Malyutina, and Sarah Cook
- Subjects
alcohol consumption ,Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health ,cross-sectional studies ,Alcohol drinking ,alcohol drinking habits ,epidemiology ,General Medicine ,Public Health ,1117 Public Health and Health Services - Abstract
Aim: Harmful use of alcohol is a worldwide public health concern. Cultural differences may affect responses to questions on alcohol problems, making international comparisons difficult. We aimed to compare self-reported alcohol consumption and problem drinking between Norwegian and Russian populations. Methods: We used data from women and men aged 40–69 years participating in the Tromsø Study seventh survey (Tromsø7, N=17646, participation 65%), Tromsø (2015–2016), Norway, and the Know Your Heart study (KYH, N=4099, participation 51%), Arkhangelsk and Novosibirsk (2015–2018), Russia. Alcohol consumption and problem drinking were measured by the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test (AUDIT) via questionnaires (Tromsø7) and interviews (KYH). We compared AUDIT scores and components between populations, by sex. Results: Non-drinking was more commonly reported in KYH compared with Tromsø7 (men 15.5% versus 4.9%, women 13.3% versus 7.3%). In men, hazardous consumption (41.4% versus 31.5%) and problem drinking (24.8% versus 19.6%) was higher in KYH compared with Tromsø7, but opposite for women (6.5% versus 12.0%, and 2.3% versus 5.8%). KYH men were less likely to report problem drinking behaviours than Tromsø7 men, with the exception of needing a drink first thing in the morning (13.2% versus 2.4%). KYH women consistently reported less consumption and problem drinking than Tromsø7 women. Conclusions: We found between-study differences in hazardous drinking, but in men these were lower than suggested by differences in country-level statistics on alcohol consumption and alcohol-related health-harms. Study sample selection, stronger social desirability bias effects in the Russian samples, and cultural differences in responding could have affected the results.
- Published
- 2021
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