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Recently there is an increase in the interest in the secondary or non-primary metabolites produced by the marine flora and fauna. It has become the center of attraction of chemists and pharmacologists in the previous decades. Stakeholders of the natural viewpoint emphasize that the examination of new and unusual organic molecules from marine organisms while the synthetic stakeholders' faiths in targeting these novel structures for the development of new analogs and new synthetic strategies and methodologies. The chemistry of marine organisms has changed dramatically in concern of investigating rationale. Analogous to the examination of terrestrial plants, many of the recent research and studies have concentrated on the potential application of marine extracted products in the treatment, curing of human diseases, and various other works. Marine products are the major components having biomedical-oriented natural products which can be used for various purposes. Marine natural products have enough potential to work prominently and also assisting in various kinds of human needs and works. In this review, we will be focusing on prominently their works, role in biomedical-related aspects.

Due to the lack of conventional therapies and the severe side effects of chemotherapy, cancer is a major public health concern across the world. After cardiac disorder, it is the second leading cause of death globally. Since ancient times, medicinal plants have been utilized to cure a variety of diseases. Natural products play an essential role in the battle against cancer and serve as a useful access source for the development and testing of novel therapeutic agents. The discovery and development of anticancer drugs can be aided by medicinal plants which contain various bioactive secondary phytochemicals viz. Alkaloids, phenolics, flavonoids, carotenoids, and other secondary metabolites. The therapeutic plants and their bioactive constituents exerted anticancer effects by induction of apoptosis, removing free radicals and antioxidant effects, inhibition of angiogenesis, and cell cycle arrest. This review explains an overview of potential therapeutic plants, including a brief description of their pharmacological effect and mechanism of action. Keywords: Cancer, Medicinal plants phytochemicals anticancer agents.

Insomnia Disorder is one of the most prevalent sleep disorders, and it involves both sleep complications and daytime complaints. Adequate quality sleep is crucial for good health and high quality of life. Despite this, the high prevalence and burden of insomnia disorder, which may be acute (short-term) or chronic, is growing globally. This systemic review focuses on insomnia and its management. The main causes and risk factors for insomnia are discussed, as well as the diagnostic criteria for a correct diagnosis. The treatment of insomnia, which is typically a mixture of cognitive-behavioral therapy and pharmacological treatment, is addressed, as well as the vital role pharmacists may play in not just treating insomnia but also determining the root cause/s of sleep disruptions. Keywords: Insomnia, Sleep disorder, Management, Pharmacological Treatment, Diagnosis.

Alzheimer’s disease (AD) is a memory-related neurodegenerative disease that affects individuals as they grow older. AD is highly devastating; beginning with memory problems and progressing to total dependency and failure to perform daily activities. Several trials have been conducted in order to discover therapeutic approaches for AD, however, the proper cure is still unavailable. Late initiation of AD drugs is argued to decrease their efficacy. While AD has no cure, symptomatic therapy can help with memory and other dementia-related issues. Due to the complexities of the underlying pathologies, the lack of diseasemodifying medications necessitates the production of newer medicinal agents and various target-based techniques. Many herbs and herbal formulations have been used for memory and cognitive enhancement in the past, and many of them have been researched thoroughly in the last few years for therapeutic efficacy in AD. The effectiveness of most herbs and plants has been confirmed in clinical trials and has been chemically tested. This study will concentrate on recent scientific results on the effectiveness of different plants in the management of AD based on their memory boosting, neuroprotective, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory effects. Keywords: Alzheimer’s disease, Neurodegenerative disease, Medicinal plants, Therapeutic efficacy.

Herbs and spices are rich sources of potent antioxidants. For over 2000 years, herbs and spices are used in every kind of treatment in TIM (Traditional Indian Medicine) and TCM (Traditional Chinese Medicine), as flavoring, coloring, and fragrance agents. Herbs and spices have various kinds of bioactive constituents which are potential and promising sources of antioxidants. The herb’s and spice’s history is as old and long as the history of mankind. The antioxidants in herbs and spices are very much effective because they have excellent antioxidant activity. In recent times it is an increase in the interest for the recognition, identification of antioxidants compounds that are well-potentiate and have nominal or very much fewer side effects. This interest in growing and it is under various projects at a global level. This study provides some details on the most popular and most widely used herbs and spices and explains their antioxidant properties. Therefore, using herbs and spices is a safer option than using synthetic antioxidants, which have become prevalent and broadly acceptable by consumers.

Wound healing is one of the most complex and dynamic processes in the body of the human. Wound healing is an essential biological development to sustain the integrity of skin after trauma, either by accident or by a deliberate process. In the phases of hemostasis, inflammation, development, re-epithelialization, and remodeling, this includes the spatial and temporal coordination of many cell types with different functions. In understanding the mechanisms of normal wound closure, it is important to unravel the functions of these cell types and their interactions with each other. Micro-environmental changes, including changes in mechanical forces, levels of oxygen, chemokines, extracellular matrix, and synthesis of growth factor, directly influence cellular recruitment and activation, leading to disrupted wound healing conditions. Wounds are cured with different medicinal plants or from their extracts. Plants supply humans with different medicines, and medicinal plants are the blessing of nature used to heal wounds with even lower side effects. This systematic review aims to explain the physiology of the wound healing process, different cellular, and molecular aspects, and to provide insight into the various plants that have possible wound healing properties that could be valuable in healing practice. Keywords: Wound healing, Skin injury, Hemostasis, Inflammation, Reepithelialization, Remodelling, medicinal plants.

Parkinson’s disease is a progressive neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the loss of the nigrostriatal system’s pigmented dopaminergic neurons with a subsequent drop in dopamine. PD refers to such motor disorders such as resting tremor, muscle stiffness, and slow motion. Recent studies have shown that there has been an increasing interest in natural products particularly plants, for the treatment of Parkinson’s disease. The anti-PD effects of these natural products are considered to be due to their regulation ability; development of reactive oxygen species, neuroinflammation, production of dopamine, excitotoxicity, metal homeostasis, mitochondrial function, and cellular signaling pathways, all of which are disordered in the PD brain.This review explores neuronal degeneration observed in Parkinson’s disease has been slowed down or reversed by medicinal plants and natural products and their constituents. Keywords: Parkinson’s disease, Medicinal plants constituents, Dopamine, Neurodegeneration.

As per World Health Organization cancer remains as a leading killer disease causing nearly 10 million deaths in 2020. Since the burden of cancer increases worldwide, warranting an urgent search for anti-cancer compounds from natural sources. Secondary metabolites from plants, marine organisms exhibit a novel chemical and structural diversity holding a great promise as therapeutics in cancer treatment. These natural metabolites target only the cancer cells and the normal healthy cells are left unharmed. In the emerging trends of cancer treatment, the natural bioactive compounds have long become a part of cancer chemotherapy. In this review, we have tried to compile about eight bioactive compounds from plant origin viz. combretastatin, ginsenoside, lycopene, quercetin, resveratrol, silymarin, sulforaphane and withaferin A, four marine-derived compounds viz. bryostatins, dolastatins, eribulin, plitidepsin and three microorganisms viz. Clostridium, Mycobacterium bovis and Streptococcus pyogenes with their well-established anticancer potential, mechanism of action and clinical establishments are presented.

Mental disease, often known as mental health problems, encompasses a broad variety of disorders that impact your emotions, thought, and behavior. Depression, anxiety disorders, schizophrenia, eating disorders, and addictive behaviors are all examples of mental illness. Many people suffer from mental health issues from time totime. When persistent indications and symptoms create regular stress and impair your capacity to operate, a mental health problem becomes a mental disease.Mental illness can make you unhappy and cause issues in your everyday life, such as in school, work, or in your relationships. Symptoms may usually be controlled with a combination of medicines and talk therapy (psychotherapy). Mental illness has no age, gender, geography, money, social position, race/ethnicity, religion/spirituality, sexual orientation, background, or other element of cultural identification; it can afflict anybody. While mental illness can strike at any age, 3/4 of all cases begin before the age of 24.

Vitamin D is one of the essential nutrients to sustain the human health. Vitamin D functions in the body through both an endocrine mechanism (regulation of calcium absorption) and an autocrine mechanism (facilitation of gene expression). The role of Vitamin D deficiency in increasing the risk factor of many common and serious chronic diseases, including cancers, type 1 diabetes, cardiovascular disease and osteoporosis. Numerous epidemiologic studies suggest that exposure to sunlight, which enhances the production of Vitamin D₃ in the skin, is important in preventing many chronic diseases. 25(OH)D (25-hydrovitamin D) is the metabolite that should be measured in the blood to determine Vitamin D status. 25(OH)D deficiency is prevalent in infants who are solely breastfed and who do not receive Vitamin D₃ supplementation and in adults of all ages who have increased skin pigmentation or who always wear sun protection or limit their outdoor activities. It is therefore necessary to know the adverse health effects of 25(OH)D deficiency and to design intervention and early treatments for those who are likely to have low levels of 25(OH)D.

We have learned over the last several decades that the brain is an important target for insulin action. In central nervous system (CNS) it mainly affects feeding behaviour and various aspects of memory and cognition. Insulin signalling in CNS has emerged as a novel field of research since decreases brain insulin levels and signalling were associated to impaired learning, memory and age-related neurodegenerative diseases. Alterations of these functional activities may contribute to the manifestation of several clinical entities, such as central insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and Alzheimer’s disease (AD). A close alliance between T2DM and AD has been reported, to the extent that AD is twice more frequent in diabetic patients. There are links between T2DM and AD through mitochondrial alterations and oxidative stress, altered energy and glucose metabolism, cholesterol modifications, dysfunctional protein O-GlcNAcylation, formation of amyloid plaques, altered Aβ metabolism and tau hyperphosphorylation. Herewith, we aim to integrate the metabolic, neuromodulatory, and neuroprotective roles of insulin in two age-related pathologies: T2DM and AD, both in terms of intracellular signalling and potential therapeutic approach.

Morin combat against oxidative stress induced different diseases in experimental models: a review - Phytochemicals including