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The role of NaOH concentration on the oriented attachment growth kinetics was studied by investigating the crystal growth kinetics of ZnS nanoparticles coarsened less than 100 degree Celsius with NaOH concentration from 2 to 8 M. The findings suggest that the concentration of solute is very important for enhancing the oriented attachment growth rate and achieve exclusively oriented attachment growth of nanoparticles at a large size scale.

The observation of an exclusive multistep oriented attachment (OA) during hydrothermal growth of ZnS nanoparticles under 4 M NaOH is reported. The effect of concentrated NAOH on the OR is discussed and is proved to be the key that hinders the OR process, attributing to the almost exclusive pure OA-based growth of ZnS particles in the first stage.

Abstract -- A length of stain detector for reproducibly performing a variety of colorimetric analysis was designed and constructed. Hydrochloric acid and sodium hydroxide solutions containing methyl red were exploited [...]

A study demonstrates that by carefully optimizing the reaction condition, it is possible to selectively fabricate niobate structures of high purity, including the delicate microporous fibers, through a direct reaction between concentrated NaOH solution and Nb2O6 units. Nioblates with different structures are found to exhibit remarkable differences in light absorption and photoluminescence properties.

Abstract -- A method for the determination of 5-phenyl-1,3,4-oxadiazole-2-thiol involving its reaction with iodine in an alkaline medium has been presented. In volumetric titration with potentiometric endpoint detection, the determination [...]

The first purification and characterization of the much-studies fullerenes prepared by reaction of C60 in toulene with an oxygenated, aqueous NaOH solution using tetrabutylammonium hydroxide as phase transfer catalyst. The stability of the S=1/2Na(super +)-fullerenol radical is likely due to a highly derivatized C60 surface that protects a cyclopentadienyl radical center on the fullerene.

FePt nanoparticles have been synthesized using a liquid process, by mixing two precursor liquids: ferric acetyl ferric acetyl acetonate, Fe(acac)3, and platinum acetyl acetonate, Pt(acac)2 in polyol solution of sodium hydroxide at high temperatures. The highest room temperature coercivity (up to 10 kOe) was observed in Fe53Pt47 sample after annealed at 580 degree centigrade, which also exhibited the most ordered fct structure.

The method of deposition-precipitation with NaOH (DP NaOH) developed by Haruta and co-workers is the best way to prepare Au/TiO2 catalysts. This method helps to obtain small gold metal particles (2-3nm) but the corresponding gold loading remains rather low at ~3 wt percent.

A study showing that N,N-dialkyl-tert-alkylamines are convenient borane carriers for hydroboration is demonstrated. The alkylboranes obtained after hydroboration were oxidized with hydrogen perodixe/sodium hydroxide and the product alcohols were obtained in quantitative yields.

The montmorillonite clay-catalyzed reactions of nucleotides generate oligomers as long as 50-mers and the protonated montmorillonite, titrated to pH 6-7, has served as a catalyst for the formation of RNA oligomers. The larger negative charge on the montmorillonites is shown by almost 2-fold greater amounts of sodium hydroxide required to titrate noncatalytic montmorillonites as compared to the catalytic montmorillonites.

The changes in composition and structure of sodium hydroxide rich aluminosilicate gel yielding zeolite A are studied. The studies have shown the unrivaled sensitivity of hyperpolarized (HP) [super 129]Xe NMR that is capable of identifying presence of small amounts of crystalline zeolite material in amorphous medium with detection limit extending below 1 wt%.

An atom-economical and solvent-free catalytic procedure is described for the mono-3-alkylation of oxindole with alcohols. The reaction is mediated by the in situ generated catalyst from Ru[Cl.sub.3].x[H.sub.2]O and [PPh.sub.3] in the presence of sodium hydroxide and they have proceeded with a wide range of aromatic, heteroaromatic and aliphatic alcohols.

Hydrothermal reaction is used for preparing [Cu.sub.2][(OH).sub.3]Cl, which is treated with NaOH solution for converting the green crystals to blue sisal-like Cu[(OH).sub.2] with needle-like nanorods. The results have shown that the as-prepared CuO has a band gap of 2.27 eV and high specific surface area and its surface is highly rich in O.

Phase-sensitive sum-frequency vibrational spectroscopy is used for studying water/vapor interfaces of HCl, HI, and NaOH solutions. The weak change of the 'liquid-like' band and disappearance of the 'ice-like' band in the spectrum has indicated that O[H.sup.-] ions must have excess at the interface in the NaOH solution.

The reaction between sodium hydrogen carbonate (NaHC[O.sub.3]) and vinegar (C[H.sub.3]COOH), which is used to demonstrate concepts titration, stoichiometry and limiting reagent, is illustrated. The experiment is used as a chemistry classroom activity to explain students the concept of limiting reagent by observing the change in gas volume when a fixed volume of vinegar reacts with a gradually increasing mass of sodium hydrogen carbonate.

The effect of sodium hydroxide on the liquid phase hydrodechlorination (LPHDC) of polychlorinated dibenzo-p-dioxins/polychlorinated dibenzofurans (PCDD/Fs) over Pd/[gamma]-[Al.sub.2][O.sub.3] is evaluated. An optimum amount of sodium hydroxide is required for degrading dioxin extracts from fly ash at short reaction times to avoid poisoning and leaching of Pd and to reduce Na deposition over the active phase.

A study focuses on the effectiveness of infrared radiation for drying fresh blueberries by dipping pretreatment in hot sodium hydroxide solution (NaOH) and also discovers microstructure and moisture diffusion properties of blueberry coat. Results show that the size of the blueberries significantly affected drying rate and moisture diffusivity and the pretreatment with hot NaOH solution helped in reducing the number of broken berries by increasing the drying rate and moisture diffusivity.

The palladium-catalyzed vinylation of aryl iodides, bromides and chlorides with different vinyltrialkoxysilanes promoted by aqueous sodium hydroxide for synthesis of styrenes is described. The regio- and diastereoselectivity in the arylation and vinylation of alkenyltrialkoxysilanes for the synthesis of stilbenes, alkenylbenzene, and conjugate dienes is also described.

The effect of NaCl salt concentration on the aqueous solvation and surface concentration of hydroxyl radicals is determined by using classical molecular dynamics simulations. The results have showed that increased NaCl salt concentration enhanced hydroxyl radical solvation, which increased its accommodation on water droplets, and the origin for the effect was found to be very favorable hydroxyl radical-chloride ion interactions, being stronger than those for water-chloride.

Hydrothermal reactions between lanthanide salts, titanium trifluoride or TiO2 (anatase), and transition metal salts in aqueous sodium hydroxide is described which yields highly crystalline mixed-metal oxides related to the mineral loparite. It is found that most of these reactions require the use of hydrothermal conditions (100-240 degree Celsius and periods of heating of several hours) but it is noteworthy that NaCeTi2O6 also forms at room temperature.

The generation of o-quinone alpha-phenylmethide as a short lived transient species in aqueous solution by flash photolysis of o-hydroxy-alpha-phenylbenzyl alcohol, and its rate of decay measured in HClO4 and NaOH solutions as well as in CH3CO2H, H2PO4-, and HCO3- buffers is detailed. It was observed that a preequilibrium exists in the acid-catalyzed reaction.

Model distribution studies have demonstrated that the principle of synergistic pseudo-hydroxide extraction in which cation host molecules synergistically enhance liquid-liquid cation exchange of sodium ion by w weakly acidic hydrogen acid at high pH. This novel approach is based on the simultaneous utilizations of ion-exchange recovery and recycles in industrial applications.

The diiron(II) complex is synthesized as a model of nonheme diiron proteins. A diiron(III) peroxo species followed by a high-valent FE(III)Fe-(IV) complex is generated by the compounds reaction with dioxygen at low temperatures.