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This book comprises 20 chapters that have been divided into two distinct parts: language in educational contexts and language in cultural contexts. The contributions included in this book are the outcome of the conference Contacts and Contrasts that was held in Konin, Poland, in 2021 (C&C2021). The contributions featured in the first part of the part of the book focus on various issues in the field of applied linguistics, in particular language education, second and foreign language learning as well as translator training. The second part of this edited collection features chapters devoted to a range of issues at the intersection of semantics, historical and contact linguistics, as well as literature.

L'histoire des échanges langagiers, confortée par l'expérience de la communication contemporaine, nous enseigne que les innovations technologiques, et les transformations sociales qui les accompagnent, engendrent de nouveaux genres discursifs qui prennent la place des genres plus anciens. Il n'est pas rare que ces derniers deviennent obsolètes et finissent par disparaître complètement. Qui se souvient encore du minitel français, qui pense à envoyer un télégramme, qui adresse des lettres manuscrites par courrier postal etc.? C'est un double mouvement qui se produit: des formes discursives jusqu'alors inconnues voient le jour et en retour elles contribuent elles-mêmes à accélérer de manière irréversible les mutations technologiques et sociales qui les ont rendues possibles. Dans la situation actuelle la multiplication et la vitesse de diffusion de ces mutations technologiques entraînent l'apparition de nombreux genres discursifs encore inconnus il y a quelques années. Toutes les activités humaines professionnelles et personnelles, collectives et intimes en sont affectées.

Deux thèmes ont été traités à l'occasion du 42e Colloque international de linguistique fonctionnelle (Paris) : Les langues à tradition orale (Analyse et description des langues à tradition orale en synchronie. Leur origine, extension géographique, histoire et situation actuelle. Naissance et mort des langues). La langue dans son environnement social et culturel (Analyse et description de données orales recueillies sur le terrain d'un point de vue ethnolinguistique ainsi que d'un point de vue lié à l'ethnomusicologie. À ces contributions s'ajoutent de nombreuses communications individuelles.

The Russian psychologist L. S. Vygotsky (1896–1934) has been one of the central figures in the recent shift from the cognitive to the social and the cultural in educational and psychological research. A. N. Leontiev's (1903–1979) activity theory has had a similar impact in the West. A. A. Leontiev's (1936–2004) psycholinguistic theories have also started to attract increasing attention. The ideas of these scholars have also made their mark on second and foreign language learning research outside Russia. However, there is no one widely accepted, monolithic Vygotskian or Leontievian theory. Furthermore, the nature and role of language in action and activity remain open for debate. This edited volume presents 19 chapters bringing together different views from a number of disciplines for a critical analysis and reappraisal of the relationship between language and action. The topics range from theoretical and methodological issues related to sociocultural and activity theoretical views of language to empirical research reports on classroom interaction, identity, language assessment, teacher education and second and foreign language learning. The overall aim of Language in Action: Vygotsky and Leontievian Legacy Today is to shed light on the nature of human action and activity and the role that language has in mediating and shaping what we think, do, and learn. At the same time, the book serves as a showcase of different socially oriented approaches to the study of what we as human beings are and what we do with language.

Mettre en lumière les processus linguistiques et communicationnels qui sous-tendent la catégorisation à travers la dénomination et les pratiques discursives, tel est l'objectif de ce livre. Les textes explorent les répercussions de la catégorisation sociale, lesquelles peuvent s'appréhender à plusieurs niveaux : la catégorisation linguistique de la société en sociétés, le discours catégorisant des sociétés sur elles mêmes, sur les peuples d'accueil et les populations accueillies dans différents contextes migratoires. Ainsi, les auteurs analysent la catégorisation dans les pratiques sociales, professionnelles et discursives en direction des sociétés traditionnelles africaines, des publics migrants européens ou tirée des oeuvres littéraires.

The effects of language are numerous. Some are known and have been described, other effects are intuitive and are still waiting to be understood, explained and predicted, while – possibly – there might be more effects that we are still unaware of. The book brings together 16 contributions organized into two main sections: The first one relates to the issue of the effects of language in the FL classroom. The second one can, broadly speaking, be subsumed under the heading of sociolinguistics, given that it brings together a number of papers exploring the effects of language on society and/or on the individual. The answers to the questions have been provided by linguists – theoreticians and practitioners - from multiple perspectives. Thus, the conclusions and invitations for further research put forth in the papers collected in this book, should be of use to anyone with an interest in the effects of language, from cognitive scientists to FL teachers.

This volume shows the relevance of the concepts of ‘place'and ‘belonging'for understanding the dynamics of identification through language. It also opens up a new terrain for sociolinguistic and linguistic anthropological study, namely the margins. Rural, as well as urbanized areas that are seen as marginal or peripheral to places that are overtly recognized as mixed and hybridized have received relatively little sociolinguistic attention. Yet, people living in these supposedly less ‘spectacular'margins are not immune to the effects of globalization and rapid technological change. They too constantly form new ensembles from linguistic and cultural resources which they invest with novel, instable, often ambiguous meanings. This volume focusses on the purportedly unspectacular in order to achieve a full understanding of the relation between language, place and belonging. The contributors to this volume, therefore, focus on language practices analyzing them as dialectically related to political-economic processes and language ideologies.

Though positioning has been addressed in social psychology and in identity construction, less attention has been paid to the specific linguistic markers which are drawn upon in discourse to position the self and other(s). This volume focusses on address terms, pragmatic markers, code switching/choice and orthography, the indexicalities of which are explored in different communicative activities. The volume is unusual in: i) the range of languages which are covered: Bergamasco, Brazilian Portuguese, English, Finnish, French, Georgian, Greek, Italian, Latin, Russian, Spanish and Swedish; ii) the inclusion of different communicative settings and text-types: workplace emails, everyday and institutional conversations, interviews, migrant narratives, radio phone-ins, dyadic and group settings, road-signs, service encounters; iii) its consideration of both synchronic and diachronic factors; iv) its mix of theoretical and methodological approaches.The volume illustrates some of the linguistic means speakers draw on to position themselves and others and hopes to stimulate further research studies in this vein.

Sociocultural linguistics has long conceived of languages as well-bounded, separate codes. But the increasing diversity of languages encountered by most people in their daily lives challenges this conception. Because globalization has accelerated population flows, cities are now sites of encounter for groups that are highly diverse in terms of origins, cultural practices, and languages. Further, new media technologies invent communicative genres, foster hybrid semiotic practices, and spread diversity as they intensify contact and exchange between peoples who often are spatially removed and culturally different from each other. Diversity—even super-diversity—is now the norm.In response, recent scholarship complicates traditional associations between languages and social identities, emphasizing the connectedness of communicative events and practices at different scales and the embedding of languages within new physical landscapes and mediated practices. This volume takes stock of the increasing diversity of linguistic phenomena and faces the theoretical-methodological challenges that accounting for such phenomena pose to socio-cultural linguistics. This book stages the debate on super-diversity that will be sure to interest societal linguists and serves as an invaluable reference for academic libraries specializing in the linguistics field.

'For over a century Yiddish served as a major vehicle for expressing left-wing ideas and sensitivities. A language without country, an''ugly jargon''despised by assimilationist Jewish bourgeoisie and nationalist Zionists alike, it was embraced as genuine folk idiom by Jewish adherents of socialism and communism worldwide. Following the Holocaust, Yiddish was the primary language of education, culture and propaganda for millions of people on five continents. This volume examines the diversity of relationships between Yiddish and the Left, from the attitude of Yiddish writers to apartheid in South Africa to the vicissitudes of the Yiddish communist press in the Soviet Union and the USA.'

„Leichte Sprache“ aus einer interdisziplinären sowie internationalen Sicht zu ergründen – das ist Anspruch und Ziel dieses Bandes. Theoretische und empirische Ansätze zur Erforschung „Leichter Sprache“ sowie Möglichkeiten der praktischen Umsetzung in verschiedenen Anwendungsfeldern werden dabei gleichermaßen thematisiert. Die Autorinnen und Autoren gehen Fragen der Teilhabeförderung für benachteiligte Zielgruppen nach und diskutieren, wie eine angemessene Anpassung des Sprachgebrauchs in verschiedenen Lebensbereichen gelingen kann. Schwerpunkte sind u. a. Voraussetzungen, Wirksamkeit und Kontexte „Leichter Sprache“, Fragen adressatenorientierten Sprachgebrauchs, funktionale und intentionale Aspekte der Verwendung „Leichter Sprache“ sowie ihre gesellschaftliche Relevanz und Wirkung.

Réunissant des textes en français et en arabe, le présent ouvrage est le résultat de réflexions de spécialistes (sociolinguistes, anthropologues, géographes, archéologues, littéraires...) sur une notion pluridisciplinaire, l'insularité. Les chercheurs ne portent pas sur cette notion uniquement un regard théorique mais traitent aussi d'aspects concrets relatifs à l'insularité dans les îles telles que Djerba, la Corse, Mayotte, les Comores, Kerkennah, etc.

This volume explores the complex relationship between language and identity from various critical perspectives and by means of different research methodologies. Following the earlier collection, Languaging Diversity: Identities, Genres, Discourses, this book provides further insights into the multifaceted process of identity construction through language. The choice of dealing with the broad concept of ‘diversity'underlines the inclusiveness of this text, which was conceived to analyse how identities are linguistically and socially construed, maintained and challenged in a vast array of sociolinguistic contexts.The choice of collecting papers concerning the thorny issue of language and diversity is grounded on the idea that individual identities are dynamic and socially negotiated in interaction and discourse, with language choices being true acts of identity (Le Page and Tabouret-Keller, 1985) by means of which people's selves are performed and defined. To offer wide yet accurate descriptions of how identities are variously conveyed linguistically, this volume offers a varied approach to diversity, by covering different fields of research, from the investigation of ethnic minorities'identities to the socio-linguistic and cultural status of Scots, to mention but two examples. The book consists of nine selected papers dealing with professional, cultural, ethnic and social identities, gender ideologies and national stereotypes built and negotiated in language practices and discourse.In particular, this work tackles a wide set of key topics: the construction and legitimation of ESOL teachers'identities in their community of practice, multidimensional research on Italian immigrants'distinctiveness, the negotiation of self in bilingual families, Scottish national belonging and attitudes towards the Scots language, the correlation between sexism and gender categories, and the development of a positive approach to diversity via enhanced critical awareness of culture-bound stereotypes.

This is the first of two thematically arranged volumes with papers that were presented at the'World Conference of Pluricentric Languages and their non-dominant Varieties'(WCPCL). It comprises papers about 20 PCLs and 14 NDVs around the world. The second volume encompasses a further 17 papers about the pluricentricity of Portuguese and Spanish. The conference was held at the University of Graz (Austria) on July 8th-11th 2015. The papers fall into five categories: (1) Theoretical aspects of pluricentricity and the description of variation; (2) Different types of pluricentricity in differing environments; (3) African pluricentric languages and non-dominant varieties; (4) The pluricentricity of Arabic and Asian languages; (5) The pluricentricity of European languages inside Europe (Austrian German, Bosnian/Serbian/Croatian, Hungarian, Belgium Dutch, French, Greek, Swedish, Russian).

This is the second of two thematically arranged volumes with papers that were presented at the «World Conference of Pluricentric Languages and their non-dominant Varieties» (WCPCL). It comprises 17 papers about two major pluricentric languages: Portuguese and Spanish. The first volume encompasses a further 30 papers about 20 PCLs and 14 NDVs. The conference was held at the University of Graz (Austria) on July 8th–11th 2015. The papers fall into six categories: (1) Theoretical aspects of pluricentricity and the description of variation in Portuguese; (2) Characteristics and developments of Brazilian Portuguese; (3) Features of non-dominant varieties of Portuguese in Asia and Africa; (4) Characteristics of national varieties of Spanish; (5) Second level pluricentricity in European Spanish and European Portuguese; (6) Migrant pluricentricity of Portuguese.

This volume presents a selection of papers from the «3rd International Conference on Non-Dominant Varieties of Pluricentric Languages» that was held in 2014 at the University of Surrey, Guildford (UK). The papers in section one deal with the theoretical aspects of pluricentricity and methods of description of the variations in pluricentric languages. Section two contains a number of papers about «new» pluricentric languages and «new» non-dominant varieties that have not been described before. Section three showcases pluricentric languages that are used alongside indigenous languages and section four deals with the pluricentricity of special languages.

Der vorliegende Band versammelt aktuelle Beiträge zur linguistischen Sprachkritik. Diese verfolgt das Ziel, systematisch die linguistischen Dimensionen sprachkritischer Untersuchungsgegenstände sowie die komplexeren Handlungs- und Diskurszusammenhänge aufzuarbeiten, in denen diese Gegenstände als kontroverse Bindeglieder zwischen Sprache und Gesellschaft zutage treten. Die linguistische Sprachkritik unterscheidet sich von laienlinguistischer Sprachkritik darin, dass sie ihre Beurteilungskriterien ausgehend von einer systematischen Analyse des jeweiligen Untersuchungsgegenstandes formuliert. Ihr Hauptziel ist die Ausbildung von Sprachbewusstsein und die Reflexion des eigenen Sprachgebrauchs im Hinblick auf das Kriterium der Angemessenheit. Angemessenheit ist dabei insbesondere im Hinblick auf situative, kontextuelle und kulturelle Faktoren zu beurteilen. Die Beiträge in diesem Band spiegeln die Vielfalt der Faktoren und Zusammenhänge wider, die für linguistische Sprachkritik eine Rolle spielen. Sie zeigen, dass sprachkritische Praktiken an gesellschaftlich brisanten und relevanten Diskursen ihren Anteil haben, dass sie aber auch in situierten alltäglichen und institutionellen Kontexten umgesetzt werden, sei es in den neuen Medien oder in der Face-to-face-Interaktion. Darüber hinaus diskutieren die Beiträge aber auch die didaktischen Herausforderungen und Möglichkeiten, die damit verbunden sind, den Themenkomplex Sprachkritik in Schul- und Hochschulkontexten zum Unterrichtsgegenstand zu machen. Das Buch richtet sich an Sprachwissenschaftlerinnen und Sprachwissenschaftler sowie Lehrerinnen und Lehrer, ist aber auch interessant für Laien, die an linguistischer Sprachkritik interessiert sind.

Is language one of the main components of national identity? How does it define one's national identity? Does its role change for each nation? These are the crucial questions that are explored in this volume, which describes the Nation-Identity dyad through the prism of language.The centuries-old theory on the role language plays in shaping national identity is discussed here in a new perspective appropriate to the 21st century. The analysis is provided from various points of view, and details changes in the relationship between these three elements (language, nation, and identity) in different historical, social and linguistic contexts. The book looks at several different languages in its analysis, such as English, Portuguese, French, Spanish and Italian. It brings together a wide variety of approaches to the linguistic educational system in a multilingual Africa and in countries with a rich migration history, like Australia and United States. It also discusses the role literature and textbooks play in shaping the sense of national belonging. The answers to the central questions described above are both highly individual and very general, but will, no doubt, stimulate the reader's reflection about “me” and the “other”.

By bringing the concepts of “identity,” “comparativism,” and “communication” together, this volume invites a reinterpretation of these defining concepts of postmodernism. Composed of contributions from Australia, Azerbaijan, Japan, Romania and the Ukraine, this interdisciplinary and intercultural book investigates the multiple identities activated in broader discursive contexts.This collection of nineteen chapters opens with an introductory overview followed by two parts: the first, focusing on Plural identities and comparativism, contains a series of “case studies” that can be subsumed within imagology and comparativism; the second, Communication and discourse, illustrates two directions of research: literary communication and terminology. In spite of the methodological and thematic polyphony of its contributions, the volume adopts a unified and coherent tone. By integrating the study of contextual and discursive identities, this book will be of interest to all those involved in image and literary studies, in both linguistics and culture.

This book, by an international group of scholars, focuses on a number of sociolinguistic issues, some of them complex and controversial, linked to language education in the age of globalisation. It examines these in different contexts of immigration and super-diversity, in the light of new mobilities and new conceptualisations of changing social realities and language communities. The various investigations presented in the volume are often united and interconnected in their approaches to these key areas of focus, although each peer-edited chapter brings its own relevance to the work as a whole, and each reflects the complexities and practices of the particular contexts and speech communities examined.The insights presented provide a useful way of looking at the current state of the art of language education across the different levels of schooling and also within the various contexts analysed. Because of the increasing interest in language education as a result of both the growing number of migrant children in schools and the globalisation associated with the rapid spread of English, the volume will be of interest to a wide international readership, including scholars and students of sociolinguistics and language education.

The essays in this collection examine the public construction of languages, the linguistic construction of publics, and the relationship between these two processes. Cultural categories such as named languages, linguistic standards and genres are the products of expert knowledge as well as of linguistic ideologies more widely shared among speakers. Translation, grammars and dictionaries, the policing of correctness, folklore collections and linguistic academies are all part of the work that produces not only languages but also social groups and spheres of action such as'the public'. Such representational processes are the topic of inquiry in this voume. They are explored as crucial aspects of power, figuring among the means for establishing inequality, imposing social hierarchy, and mobilizing political action.Contributions to this volume investigate two related questions: first, how different images of linguistic phenomena gain social credibility and political influence; and, secondly, the role of linguistic ideology and practices in the making of political authority. Using both historical and ethnographic approaches, they examine empirical cases ranging from small-scale societies to multi-ethnic empire, from nineteenth-century linguistic theories to contemporary mass media, and from Europe to Oceania to the Americas.Contributors include Susan Gal, Kathryn Woolard, Judith Irvine, Richard Bauman, Michael Silverstein, Jane Hill, Joseph Errington, Bambi Schieffelin, Jacqueline Urla and Ben Lee.

The origins of this volume lie in the international conference Cognitive Linguistics in the Year 2012, convened by the Polish Cognitive Linguistics Association. The proceedings of the conference revolved around three major thematic areas: metaphorical and metonymic underpinnings of meaning in language and beyond, prototypical and gradual phenomena pertaining to linguistic categorization across the lexicogrammatical continuum, and the need for advancing theoretical tools. These recurring themes are reflected in the three-part structure of this volume, with contributions from nearly two dozen researchers exploring a broad array of linguistic as well as non-linguistic data.

This volume grew out of the 34th International LAUD Symposium, which was held in March 2010 at the University of Koblenz-Landau in Landau, Germany. The symposium was dedicated to the ongoing convergence between the disciplines of Cognitive Linguistics and Sociolinguistics, bringing together concepts and methods from both fields. The 15 studies contained in this volume explore the relations between linguistic (structural), socio-cultural and cognitive aspects involved in language variation. Methodologically, the contributions range from individual case studies to larger-scale corpus analyses and combine both qualitative and quantitative findings.

This volume comprises 28 papers presented at the 1st International Conference on Non-Dominant Varieties of Pluricentric Languages in Graz (Austria) in July 2011. The conference was also held in memory of Michael Clyne – eminent linguist, scholar, language enthusiast and advocate of multilingualism who died in October 2010. The volume pays homage to his important contributions in many fields of linguistics and in the theory of pluricentric languages. The conference in Graz was the first international event to document the situation of non-dominant varieties world-wide in order to identify common or diverging features. It provided substantial insights into the codification and in corpus and status planning of non-dominant varieties. The volume deals with 18 languages and 31 different national and other varieties in 29 countries of the world.

Le mot hybridité est peut-être devenu un peu trop passe-partout dans certaines disciplines. Cependant, le concept cherche à dire un certain rapport à l'autre, à la langue. D'autres mots le taquinent comme métissage, mixité, créolisation. Cet ouvrage, issu d'une rencontre en octobre 2009 à Turku, questionne notamment ses croisements éventuels avec le dialogisme, la polyphonie, la contamination sémantique, l'hétérogénéité du sujet. La pluralité des voix dans toute énonciation appelle-t-elle une hybridation discursive?

Narratives are fundamental to our lives: we dream, plan, complain, endorse, entertain, teach, learn, and reminisce through telling stories. They provide hopes, enhance or mitigate disappointments, challenge or support moral order and test out theories of the world at both personal and communal levels. It is because of this deep embedding of narrative in everyday life that its study has become a wide research field including disciplines as diverse as linguistics, literary theory, folklore, clinical psychology, cognitive and developmental psychology, anthropology, sociology, and history.In Telling Stories leading scholars illustrate how narratives build bridges among language, identity, interaction, society, and culture; and they investigate various settings such as therapeutic and medical encounters, educational environments, politics, media, marketing, and public relations. They analyze a variety of topics from the narrative construction of self and identity to the telling of stories in different media and the roles that small and big life stories play in everyday social interactions and institutions. These new reflections on the theory and analysis of narrative offer the latest tools to researchers in the fields of discourse analysis and sociolinguistics.

This second of two volumes brings together invited papers of the 32nd International Wittgenstein Symposium (Kirchberg/W. (Austria), 2009). The collection not only contains articles related to some of Wittgenstein's central arguments but also holds contributions that deal with the role and function of signs, as well as with the relations between language and action, consciousness and metaphysics. An interdisciplinary workshop was dedicated to “Wittgenstein and Literature”, an area of study which has been prominent in the philosophical discourse of the last decade. Contributors to this volume are Anat Biletzki, Michael Dummett, Laurence Goldstein, Peter Janich, Brian McGuinness, Marjorie Perloff, David Schalkwyk, Joachim Schulte, Pirmin Stekeler-Weithofer, David Stern, Eike von Savigny among others.

Language is a tool used to express thoughts, to hide thoughts or to hide lack of thoughts. It is often a means of domination. The question is who has the power to define the world around us. This book demonstrates how language is being manipulated to form the minds of listeners or readers. Innocent words may be used to conceal a reality which people would have reacted to had the phenomena been described in a straightforward manner. The nice and innocent concept'cost sharing', which leads our thoughts to communal sharing and solidarity, may actually imply privatization. The false belief that the best way to learn a foreign language is to have it as a language of instruction actually becomes a strategy for stupidification of African pupils. In this book 33 independent experts from 16 countries in the North and the South show how language may be used to legitimize war-making, promote Northern interests in the field of development and retain colonial speech as languages of instruction, languages of the courts and in politics. The book has been edited by two Norwegians: Birgit Brock-Utne is a professor at the University of Oslo and a consultant in education and development. From 1987 until 1992 she was a professor at the University of Dar es Salaam. Gunnar Garbo, author and journalist and former member of the Norwegian Parliament, was the Norwegian Ambassador to Tanzania from 1987 to 1992.

'Ca pèse combien une langue?'C'est à cette question qu'ont tenté de répondre les participants au colloque Le poids des langues qui s'est tenu à l'Université de Provence en septembre 2007. Cette métaphore, dont la pertinence a fait l'objet d'un regard critique, a motivé des réflexions relatives à ce que pourrait être le'poids'des langues. Quels critères faut-il prendre en compte? Quels sont les facteurs déterminants qui confèrent à une langue un certain'poids'au niveau local ou international? Quels effets ce'poids'peut-il exercer sur les rapports mutuels entre les langues?

This book is a collection of articles which were presented at the II-nd International Linguistic Conference in Taganrog, Russia. The most interesting and the most important ideas and researches are represented. The book consists of five parts: Historical linguistics, Lexicology, Grammar, Pragmatics, Ethnolinguistics and Translation. In the first part there are articles of the yenisseic phenomenon from historical point of view by prof. H.Werner (Germany), the role of mythology in the linguistic researching, the diachronic approach to the typological analysis of mental vocabulary, the expression of possessivity in the paleoaisatic languages, the diachrony of grammatical categories in different languages, historical linguistics and Lev Gumilev's theory of ethnogenesis.The second part deals with a concept-centered approach to the researching of the vocabulary on the base of cognitive theory, some articles are devoted to the problems of lexicography. In the third part articles consider different grammatical problems, for example – the problem of the zero-sign by Pyotr Tschesnokov.The next part deals with problems of pragmalinguistics, and the last part considers the questions of etnolinguistics and translation, as simultaneous interpreting, ethical Concepts formation of national linguo-cultural communities.The book appeals to philologists, teachers and students.

In February 2006 the first international conference on Multilingualism and Applied Comparative Linguistics (MACL) was held in Brussels, Belgium. The aim of the MACL conference was to bring together scholars from various branches of applied linguistics with a shared interest in cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communication. The conference thus fostered an exchange of knowledge and expertise among researchers from various disciplines, including educational linguistics, cultural linguistics, terminography, translation studies and studies of specialised languages. The present book is the second of two volumes containing a selection from the approximately 120 papers that were presented at that three-day event. The book comprises five chapters, reflecting different research perspectives on cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communication. The first chapter covers research articles on metaphors and planned languages. The second chapter comprises articles dealing with language attitudes, language proficiency and language practices in cross-linguistic and cross-cultural, communicative contexts. Chapter three features articles in the field of discourse-analysis research. In the fourth chapter research is presented that pertains to terminology and specialised languages. Finally, chapter five deals with translation studies.

Que les stéréotypes soient utiles voire indispensables pour le confort de la communication entre membres d'une même communauté culturelle, comme le pensent certains ou qu'il faille les dénoncer, pour d'autres, en raison de leur nocivité intra et intercommunautaire, leur prégnance et leur impact sont tels qu'ils constituent, pour les sciences de l'homme et de la société dans leur ensemble, des objets d'étude dont l'intérêt n'a cessé de se confirmer durant ces dernières années.

Issus du IVème Congrès'Langue, littérature, démocratie'qui s'est tenu en Allemagne à l'automne 2004, les textes rassemblés dans ce volume mettent à la disposition du public intéressé par la traduction dans son rapport avec le système littéraire de riches réflexions sur les motivations des traducteurs (choix des textes, stratégies mises en oeuvre dans l'acte de traduire) et sur le rôle joué par la traduction dans les processus de transferts culturels.

Issu d'une rencontre entre professionnels et (socio)linguistes autour des notions de langues, insertions, formations, ce recueil s'intéresse aux questions de mobilités linguistiques et identitaires d'appropriation du français pour des apprenants fragilisés d'un point de vue sociolinguistique, migrants allophones ou adultes en situation d'illettrisme.

This timely volume moves away considerably from traditional topics investigated in studies of multilingualism and linguistic identity to propose new analytical approaches that investigate postcolonial societies from the standpoint of their specific internal structures. The book uses postcolonial multilingual societies as gateways into complex webs of identity construction and group boundary definition, the interplay and functions of oral (indigenous) and written (foreign) languages in multilingual communities, the birth of new diaspora generations at home and abroad, the redefinitions of gender roles, and the impact of linguistic identities on the different nation states focused upon in the contributions.“This book could not be published at a better time. The contributors present informative facts about the complex dynamics of the co-existence of ex-colonial languages with the ancestral languages of their new speakers, and about how, on the one hand, they are embraced by some as socio-economic assets and, on the other, they are treated by others as alienating colonial legacies. The reader will learn about various “ecological” factors that have contributed to the indigenization of English, the maintenance or revitalization of indigenous languages, and the emergence of new cultural identities that foster new forms of linguistic diversity in Asia and Africa. This book is a gold mine of information about postcolonial identity in Africa, Asia, Ireland, and the Americas.”Prof. Salikoko S. MufweneDistinguished Service Professor of Linguistics and the CollegeUniversity of Chicago

In February 2006 the first international conference on Multilingualism and Applied Comparative Linguistics (MACL) was held in Brussels, Belgium. The aim of the MACL conference was to bring together scholars from various branches of applied linguistics with a shared interest in cross-linguistic and cross-cultural communication. The conference thus fostered an exchange of knowledge and expertise among researchers from various disciplines, including educational linguistics, cultural linguistics, terminography, translation studies and studies of specialised languages. The present book is the first of two volumes containing a selection from the approximately 120 papers that were presented at that three-day event.

A practical reference and guide to the essential educational needs of nursing students and health care professionals within the context of the most recent guidelines set by the South African Nursing Council. Integrates a wide range of perspectives, giving students a sense of their multiple responsibilities, while at the same time demonstrating and reinforcing the values and ethics that must form the foundation of all their duties. Aimed at nursing students and health care professionals. Contents include the following: • Professional ethical practice • Legal rights and responsibilities • Professional regulation, competencies, responsibilities and accountability • The management and planning processes • Financial management • Organisation and coordination of a health care unit • Staffing and staff development • Clinical leadership and supervision • Control and safety measures • Overview of the research process

This book brings together a collection of articles characterized by two main themes: the contrastive study of parallel phenomena in two or more languages, and an essentially functional approach in which language is regarded, first and foremost, as a rich and complex communication system, inextricably embedded in sociocultural and psychological contexts of use. The majority of the studies reported is empirical in nature, many making use of corpora or other textual materials in the language(s) under investigation. The book begins with an introductory section in which the editors provide surveys.

'Taking as its theme the interaction between Italian and other languages, and marking the 50th anniversary of the publication of Weinreich's seminal Languages in Contact, this volume provides an up-to-date survey of the role of linguistic and cultural interaction in the process of language change. The range of contributions covers: theoretical issues; different forms of language contact in Medieval and Renaissance Italy; dialect transition and diversity in the North and South of Italy; lexical and morphological borrowings; register and syntactic loans in the Romance area; old and new contact varieties of Italian in the Mediterranean, including Malta and North Africa; and, finally, Italian under pressure from English in EU institutions. The volume is published in memory of Joseph Cremona (1922-2003), and includes a bibliography of his work. Anna Laura Lepschy is Visiting Professor at the Universities of Reading and Toronto, and Emeritus Professor at University College London. Arturo Tosi is Professor of Italian at Royal Holloway, University of London. With the contributions: Peter Matthews - On Re-reading Weinreich's Languages in Contact; Nigel Vincent; Languages in Contact in Medieval Italy; Brian Richardson - Latin and Italian in Contact in Some Renaissance Grammars; Cecilia Robustelli - Latin and Vernacular in Contact in the Sixteenth Century: The Latin Model of Giambullari's Grammar; and, Mair Parry - Markedness, Salience and Language Change: Exploring an Italo-Romance Transition Area. It also includes: John Green - The North-South Axis of Romance: Contact Reinforcing Typology? Martin Maiden - Accommodating Synonymy: How Some Italo-Romance Verbs React to Lexical and Morphological Borrowing; Chris Pountain - Syntactical Borrowing as a Function of Register; Adam Ledgeway - The Dual Complementizer System in Southern Italy: Spirito Greco, Materia Romanza? Rosanna Sornicola - Dialectology and History: The Problem of the Adriatic-Tyrrhenian Dialect Corridor; Alberto Varvaro - The Maghreb Papers in Italian Discovered by Joe Cremona; Joseph Brincat - Languages and Varieties in Use in Malta Today: Maltese, English, Italian, Maltese English and Maltaliano; and, Arturo Tosi - Languages in Contact with and without Speaker Interaction.'

Sont ici réunies les principales contributions au colloque organisé par le groupe'Ecriture'au centre de Recherches Sémiotiques de Limoges les 20 et 21 novembre 2003. Les points de vue exposés sont multiples: anthropologiques, ethnologiques, plus généralement socio-sémiotiques et sémio-linguistiques. Ils sont fédérés par le projet commun d'interroger la matérialité des supports dans le fonctionnement de l'écriture en tant qu'entité singulière dans ses déploiements et ses significations symbolique, religieuse, sociale, culturelle, esthétique ou littéraire.

Sociolinguistic Variation brings together a group of leading scholars in the field of language variation and change to address the directions that sociolinguistic research is taking in the new millennium. Among the main themes of the volume are the construction of identity, the nature of'place'as distinct from'community', and the role of attitudes in language variation. These themes are explored through a variety of types of data, from traditional sources such as narratives, to relatively new sources, such as postings on the Internet or television documentaries. Combining the voices of established scholars in the field with the perspectives of promising younger scholars this volume provides crucial guidance for anyone interested in doing research on sociolinguistic variation. Contributors include Guy Bailey, Penelope Eckert, Barbara Johnstone, William Labov, Ronald Macaulay, Lesley Milroy, Dennis Preston, John Rickford, Gillian Sankoff, Natalie Schilling-Estes, Jan Tillery, and Walt Wolfram.

Metalanguage brings together new, original contributions on people's knowledge about language and representations of language, e.g., representations of dialects, styles, utterances, stances and goals in relation to sociolinguistic theory, sociolinguistic accounts of language variation, and accounts of linguistic usage. Drawing on a variety of data sources such as lay and linguists'metalanguage, the media, parliamentary debates, education, and retail shopping, the book comprises four sections and an integrative commentary. The main thematic parts deal with metalanguage in relation to the following issues: the theory of metalanguage, ideology, social evaluation, and stylisation. Other key themes discussed include constructionism, identity formation, in- and out-grouping, deception, discrimination, manipulation, and the increasing semiotisation of the socio-cultural landscape. Apart from the strictly linguistic concerns, some contributions focus on discourse in a broader sense examining meta-commentary construed in modalities other than language. The book follows from and complements a great tradition of the study of metalanguage, reflexivity, and metapragmatics, and offers a new, integrating perspective from various fields of sociolinguistics: perceptual dialectology, variationism, pragmatics, critical discourse analysis, and social semiotics. The broad range of theoretical issues and accessible style of writing will appeal to advanced students and researchers in sociolinguistics and in other disciplines across the social sciences and humanities including linguists, communication researchers, anthropologists, sociologists, social psychologists, critical and social theorists. The book includes chapters by Deborah Cameron, Nikolas Coupland, Dariusz Galasinski, Peter Garrett, Adam Jaworski, Tore Kristiansen, Ulrike Hanna Meinhof, Dennis Preston, Theo van Leeuwen, Kay Richardson, Itesh Sachdev, Angie Williams, and John Wilson.

L'écologie des langues tente d'expliquer la communication sociale dans sa globalité en faisant appel à l'éclairage de plusieurs disciplines, permettant ainsi de prendre en compte de nombreux facteurs susceptibles d'expliquer la revitalisation des langues, leur maintien, leur fragilisation ou leur disparition. En 2002, s'est tenu au Nouveau-Brunswick (Canada), en hommage à William Mackey, éminent linguiste canadien, un colloque international sur le thème de l'écologie des langues, qui a réuni une soixantaine de spécialistes d'une dizaine de pays qui ont traité du thème sous l'angle distinct de leur discipline respective.

Die Buchreihe Linguistik – Impulse & Tendenzen (LIT) ist ein attraktives Forum für hochwertige Arbeiten zur Sprachwissenschaft – insbesondere zur germanistischen Linguistik. Sie sucht aktuelle Tendenzen aufzunehmen und widerzuspiegeln, gleichzeitig aber wegweisende Impulse für das Fach und seine weitere Entwicklung zu geben. Ihr Fokus ist die synchrone Sprachwissenschaft mit all ihren Facetten. Die Reihe versammelt ebenso Arbeiten zur Pragmatik, Computerlinguistik und Grammatiktheorie wie zur Soziolinguistik, Fachsprachenforschung oder Textlinguistik. Ihre Leitlinien sind Innovativität, Transdisziplinarität und qualitative Exzellenz. Sie steht Monographien ebenso offen wie systematisch angelegten Sammel- und Tagungsbänden.

Language across Boundaries is a selection of papers from the millennium conference of the British Association of Applied Linguistics. The thirteen papers are written by applied linguists, from Britain, mainland Europe, the USA, Australia and Singapore, working in a variety of sub-disciplines of the field. The'boundaries'of the title have been widely interpreted and the book reflects a spectrum of research, ranging from work on the linguistic repercussions of individual and group identity boundaries to work dealing with ways of crossing national and cultural boundaries through language learning and language mediation in the form of translation. Included in the volumes are the plenary papers given by Jennifer Coates, well known for her work on language and gender, on the expression of alternative masculinities; and by Bencie Woll, holder of the first chair of Sign Language and Deaf Studies in the UK, on the insights to be gained from sign language in exploring language, culture and identity.