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Background: The characterisation of autism in fragile X syndrome (FXS) has been a source of controversy due to the complexity of disentangling autism traits from common features of the FXS phenotype. Autism in FXS is significantly underdiagnosed in the community, which may be partly due to insufficient clinical description of the social interaction profile of autism within the FXS phenotype. In this study, we applied a classic framework for characterising social interaction styles in autism to a sample of young adult males with FXS and co‐occurring autism to enhance understanding of how the social challenges associated with autism manifest within FXS. Methods: Participants were 41 males (M age = 18 years) with FXS and co‐occurring autism. Interaction samples were coded for expression of predominately 'active' (characterised by a desire to make social approaches) or 'passive' (characterised by lack of initiation of social approach towards others) interaction profiles. Differences in the expression of phenotypic features of FXS, including anxiety, attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder, cognitive, adaptive and language impairments and autism symptom severity, were examined across those with passive and active interaction styles. Results: Approximately half of the sample was classified as active and half as passive, demonstrating diversity in the social phenotype of autism associated with FXS. The two subtypes did not differ in autism severity, anxiety or attention‐deficit/hyperactivity disorder symptoms or in cognitive, adaptive or language abilities. Conclusions: This study enhances understanding of FXS‐associated autism by documenting phenotypic variability in the social interaction profile in this group, with active and passive social interaction styles represented. The two social interaction styles were not associated with differential expression of common phenotypic features of FXS, suggesting similar support needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Social Industrial Internet of Things (SIIoT) is a new paradigm that integrates social networking features into the Industrial IoT (IIoT) environment to enforce efficient and effective service discovery and collaboration between smart IoT objects in a friendly and scalable way. Therefore, in such environment, the establishment of secure and trust communication scheme is a crucial need between peer IoT devices having similar social profiles. In addition, the limited resource-constrained IoT devices are unable to deal with huge computational overheads. To address these issues, we propose a novel solution offering secure fog-based Social Industrial IoT (Fog-SIIoT) scheme. Fog-SIIoT guarantees mutual authentication, anonymity and secure communication through a trust key agreement between social smart things. The proposed scheme is suitable for the social resource-constrained IIoT as it only uses hash function, bitwise XOR operation and symmetric cryptography. Compared to correlative schemes, our solution presents many advantages in terms of security aspects, efficiency, social awareness and reduced computation overheads. Besides, the security analysis indicates that our scheme can withstand many known attacks and we proved it with the help of the formal security analysis using the BAN logic and the formal security verification using AVISPA tool. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article images the social profile of Andalusian political representatives with the aim of providing an answer to what they are like and how their sociodemographic profile has evolved from 1982 to 2022. The methodology applies statistical analysis to the BAPOLDATA database, which includes all the people who have occupied a seat in the Congress of Deputies and in the 17 autonomous chambers since the constituent legislature. A comparison is also made of the profiles of those parliamentarians who have held a seat in the Andalusian Parliament and of those who have held a seat in the Congress of Deputies for the Andalusian constituencies, showing that the Andalusian Parliament is currently older, with a higher level of education and a female representation of around 50%. In terms of professions, manual workers have practically disappeared, and teachers and lawyers have come to predominate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Sociologia, Problemas e Práticas is the property of Centro de Investigacao e Estudos de Sociologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article discusses the hypothesis of a recovery of the phenomenological and literary paradigms of antiquity to cross the complexity of the existential, educational and relational experience in the digital contemporary world, focusing on the problems of the construction of identity and digital citizenship in social coexistence intended as a place of education.

The world we live in today holds some uncertainties. The processes of automation, big data, the digital environment, global crises, and the interconnectedness of international society are changing common technological patterns and the educational system. Among the essential features of competitiveness of teachers in higher education are mobility, digital competencies, adaptability, participation in scientific networks and projects, and continuous acquisition of new technological skills. For this reason, teachers must continuously develop their professional skills to remain competitive and create professionals in higher education. Current conditions are fostering global demand for teachers who produce pedagogical and scientific developments. This article aims to solve the problem of defining the structure, content, and requirements of scientific and methodological support for higher education teachers' competitiveness in a digital world in the context of global challenges and risks. Theoretically, the problem is defined by the need for new approaches to explaining the concept of teacher competitiveness and the need to develop a psychological and teaching methodology for training and developing teacher competitiveness. In practice, we conclude that researchers must develop personal, professional, procedural, and technological enhancements to support higher education faculty competitiveness in a digital world. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A Mobile Social Network (MSN) consists of nodes that are related socially, in addition to their physical connection through wireless links. In terms of mobile devices, social connection reflects the frequency of encounter, so that the users of these devices are socially connected if they communicate with each other frequently. This layer of social connectivity, combined with the physical connectivity of being in the communication range of each other, can help improve the routing performance. However, it also inherits the challenges of mobile adhoc networks. These challenges include the limited energy resource, intermittent connectivity, and the limited storage. To overcome these challenges and improve routing efficiency, social metrics are exploited to carefully choose the candidate relays in MSNs. In this paper, the routing protocols proposed or candidate to be implemented in MSN are reviewed, focusing on the routing metrics used to select the candidate relays. In addition, the authors describe a list of performance measures that are useful in comparing current and future MSN routing protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Archeologia dell'Architettura is the property of Edizioni all'Insegna del Giglio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Mobile Social Networks (MSNs) enable their users to communicate in an ad-hoc infrastructure-less environment. Therefore, it is considered a very promising means of communication in cases of disasters and emergencies. However, because of the restricted radio coverage, network versatility and device power constraints, MSNs do not have continuous end-to-end connectivity between nodes. Information dissemination is one of the highly requested applications of MSNs. Multicast routing protocols are implemented to help disseminate data to target destinations. Their objective is to maximize the delivery ratio and reduce end-to-end latency. In this paper, directed multicast protocols are addressed, in which message forwarding is conditional on predefined criteria. One of the key factors to improve routing performance in MSNs is to carefully select candidate relays. In this paper, we exploit users' social profile and their interactions to improve relay recommendation and find target destinations. Our proposed protocol, Time-based Encounter of Socially Similar nodes, TESS, uses the social proximity between nodes taking into consideration the time at which nodes encounter. The proposed protocol reduces power consumption and network overhead, while increasing delivery ratios compared to related protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anxiety is the most significant mental health concern for both Williams syndrome (WS) and autism. Whilst WS and autism are characterized by some syndrome‐specific social differences, less is known about cross‐syndrome profiles of anxiety symptoms. Previous research has shown that Intolerance of Uncertainty (IU) is a core mechanism of anxiety maintenance for clinically anxious populations and for autistic children, adolescents, and adults. The only published study in this area for WS has shown some similar patterns—with an added emphasis on the role of sensory sensitivities—in a sample of older teens and adults (mean age = 24), with the authors highlighting the need for younger samples to consider developmental influences. Here we report a cross‐syndrome, cross‐sectional mediation analyses of children diagnosed with WS or autism, including data from parent surveys of 90 children with WS (n = 48) or autism (n = 42). Group differences showed higher trait levels on all measures for the autism group. Importantly, the relationship between social profile and anxiety was fully mediated by IU level for both groups. This suggests possible similar core mechanisms underlying anxiety in these conditions, and the possibility of generalized intervention approaches especially related to managing distress related to uncertainty in multiple contexts. Lay Summary: Autism and Williams Syndrome share some similarities in social profile and also in anxiety traits, but there are also some key differences as well. Comparing them side‐by‐side at the same time improved identification of ways to reduce feelings of anxiety. We found that the intolerance of uncertainty affected the relationship between social profile and anxiety in the same way for young children diagnosed with autism or Williams syndrome, meaning that intervention approaches could be similar for both. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the social and educational characteristics of the statistical unemployed person in Lithuania. Unemployment is one of the biggest, most difficult problems in the world. The declining employment of people of working age who can support disadvantaged sections of society poses significant economic and social challenges to the commonwealth. The long-term unemployed people lose their acquired professional skills, become more socially and psychologically vulnerable, are at risk of social exclusion and poverty, and due to stress they may experience deterioration of health, changes in thinking, decreasing of self-confidence and motivation to seek for a job. According to the data of August 1, 2020, published by the Department of Statistics of Lithuania, 12.8 percent the country’s working-age population was unemployed. It was the highest registered unemployment rate in eight years in Lithuania. Unemployment is usually identified as the main problem of the Lithuanian labor market and is described as a situation where part of the working age people would like and be able to work, but cannot find a job. Although dictionaries and scholarly works provide different interpretations of the concept of unemployment, scholars agree that unemployment is a socioeconomic phenomenon in which part of the population who are able and willing to work is unable to do so. Unemployment can be caused by both objective and subjective reasons. A number of studies have been conducted on employment issues in Lithuania, but there is a lack of work that analyzes the characteristics of the unemployed people and do comparison with the characteristics of employed people. There is a particular lack of research on the educational characteristics of the unemployed. The aim of the research of the article is to describe the profile of the Lithuanian unemployed person in social and educational aspects. To achieve this goal, the data of the International Adult Competences Survey PIAAC conducted by the OECD (The Organisation for Economic Co-operation and Development) were used for the analysis, which allows to measure the employment issues of working age people and to collect data on their social and educational characteristics. The OECD PIAAC survey is currently the largest world-class survey of adult competencies and the socio-educational factors that have relation with those competencies. PIAAC covers almost 40 countries, including Lithuania, and was conducted in 2012-2015. Lithuanian data were collected in 2015. The age range of PIAAC respondents is from 16 to 65 years. These are people of working age. Lithuanian sample: 5093 respondents from all 10 counties and different types of settlements. The database of Lithuanian PIAAC cognitive tests and the block of variables addressed to the topic of unemployment of the background questionnaire was used for the analysis. The analysis was performed by descriptive statistics methods. According to the analysis of the results presented in the article, the statistical unemployed person in Lithuania is a man aged 45–54, living in a village or small town, more often in poorer health than an employed person, have two children, his household usually consists of three people, more often than others he is tending to live without a partner. If he lives with a partner, his partner, more often than in the case of working people, is also unemployed. The statistical Lithuanian unemployed person has a secondary or I–III level vocational education, if he has profession, it is probably in a field of engineering, production or construction. In home he would usually have fewer books than people having a job, and his literacy is significantly lower than that of a person having a job.

The objective of this study was to describe social profile, constraints of swine farmers, and its impact on swine herd size in Tra Vinh Province. This study was conducted in Tra Vinh Province, one of the provinces in Mekong delta, Vietnam. A total of 120 swine farmers selected from small swine farms to commercial swine farms were surveyed with information gathered on 11,466 swine. All of the swine farmers in this study were purposively chosen and interviewed with the questionnaires for data collection. All swine farmers have kept at least 1 swine per farm or had experience at least 1 year for raising and trading swine. The results showed that the majority of farmers were males (57.5%), with the age range of 20-40 years old (47.5%), having more than 10 years of experience (52.5%), having 1-3 members in the family (87.1%), 85% of farmers focused on farm, farmers having livestock farming plus cropping accounted for 55.8%, and farmers having medium farm size with an average of 95-96 heads/farm. In addition, there were 4 constraints that farmers confirmed, i.e., capital (31.6%), disease outbreak (75%), low bargaining power (40%), and the fluctuation of feed price (59.16%). Moreover, experience (p

The objective of this study was to describe social profile, constraints of swine farmers, and its impact on swine herd size in Tra Vinh Province. This study was conducted in Tra Vinh Province, one of the provinces in Mekong delta, Vietnam. A total of 120 swine farmers selected from small swine farms to commercial swine farms were surveyed with information gathered on 11,466 swine. All of the swine farmers in this study were purposively chosen and interviewed with the questionnaires for data collection. All swine farmers have kept at least 1 swine per farm or had experience at least 1 year for raising and trading swine. The results showed that the majority of farmers were males (57.5%), with the age range of 20-40 years old (47.5%), having more than 10 years of experience (52.5%), having 1-3 members in the family (87.1%), 85% of farmers focused on farm, farmers having livestock farming plus cropping accounted for 55.8%, and farmers having medium farm size with an average of 95-96 heads/farm. In addition, there were 4 constraints that farmers confirmed, i.e., capital (31.6%), disease outbreak (75%), low bargaining power (40%), and the fluctuation of feed price (59.16%). Moreover, experience (p<0.01), education (p<0.01), disease outbreak (p<0.05), and the fluctuation of feed price (p<0.05) had a strong influence on swine herd. It could be concluded that farmers having higher experience and education kept a larger number of swine than others. In contrary, when disease outbreak and the fluctuation of feed price emerge, farmers tended to control their swine herd size. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The banking sector is one of the most dynamically developing areas in the field of information technology. Modern big data analytics tools provide a wide range of opportunities for the collection and subsequent analysis of heterogeneous data, including personal one. The need to build a platform for personalization of the client’s offer is due to the exponential growth of information and banks’ desire to go digital. This platform will significantly increase the level of understanding of banks’ customers’ needs and personalize banking products and services properly.

The article presents a multiple-criteria analysis of the composition of the Simferopol correctional shelter of the late XIX - early XX centuries. The social well-being of a child who showed elements of destructive behavior is assessed, the role of an educational institution in the life of juvenile delinquents is examined. The authors compiled a social profile of the pupil of the Simferopol correctional shelter, based on dominant indicators according to different criteria: the grounds for sending juvenile delinquents to the shelter, their age, the length of stay of juvenile offenders in the correctional institution, the family composition and literacy of the delinquent, religious and social status, place of residence, crimes committed, determining the definition of juvenile delinquents in a shelter, further life after release. The article analyzes the misconduct of foster children in a shelter and considers the system of punishment for juvenile delinquents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study aims at identifying traits that relate to the underestimation or the overestimation of survival, using information from a rich dataset, the Survey of Health Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE wave 6, 2015) and the Human Mortality Database. The statistical analysis is based on generalized linear regression models. Better cognitive function and higher educational attainment are linked to more accurate predictions. Female gender, smoking, poor health and memory, lower income, and depression seem associated with the underestimation of survival while older age, better quality of life, being employed and having more children are related to overestimation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Sexually transmitted infections are a major health problem affecting women, a study conducted by National AIDS control Organization (NACO) estimated Andhra Pradesh to be having the highest percentage of individuals (22.8%) affected with HIV among those attending STI clinics, so the study conducted to know the prevalence of Sexually transmitted infections among women of reproductive age in the community. Objective: The objective of the study was to assess the prevalence of sexually transmitted infections among women of reproductive age through a syndromic approach and the various socio demographic factors associated. Materials and methods: community based cross- sectional study conducted in urban slums of Guntur city. A pre tested questionnaire was administered for information regarding socio- demographic profile and symptoms of sexually transmitted infections. Women who had symptoms of sexually transmitted infections as per the syndromic approach were examined clinically, treated and referred to government general hospital for further follow-up. Results: 520 women participated in the study. The prevalence of sexually transmitted infections in the total sample was 32.69% (n-170 of 520). The prevalence of vaginal discharge syndrome was 27.88 % (n-145of 520), genital ulcer syndrome was 1.34 %( n-7), and pain lower abdomen was 3.46 %( n-18).The prevalence of symptoms in women with STI was – 156 (91.76%, n-170) had vaginal discharge. 18(10.58%) had pain lower abdomen. 4 (2.35%) had lymphadenopathy, 4(2.35%) had burning micturition, 2(1.17%) had dyspareunia and 18(10.58%) had backache. The prevalence of STIs by clinical diagnosis on per speculum examination of the 170 women were – Bacterial vaginoses- 98(57.65%), Trichomonas vaginalis- 28(16.47%), Candidiasis- 18 (10.59%), cervicitis with PID- 9(5.29%), Herpes- 5(2.94%), syphilis- 2(1.18%) and Venereal warts- 1(0.59%). Conclusion: The prevalence of RTI/STI on the basis of self- reporting and clinical examination was 32.69%. The most common symptom was vaginal discharge 91.76%. The most common infection was bacterial vaginosis 57.65%. The younger age groups, 15- 19yrs- 53.84%were the most affected followed by the age group 20- 34yrs-33.8%. The infections were more common in women working as agriculture labor 50.55%, illiterate women 40.97%, and women of low social status,-Scheduled tribe- 63.64% & scheduled caste – 40.96%.

Copyright of América Latina Hoy is the property of Ediciones Universidad de Salamanca and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Földrajzi Közlemények is the property of Magyar Foldrajzi Tarsasag and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Previous studies have shown that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan has a high incidence of epilepsy and a high proportion of low socioeconomic background and high treatment gap. Considering the changes over the past 20 years little is known about the current epidemiological characteristics of epilepsy in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current study was focused to find the impact of various contributing factors on the clinical response to anti-epileptic drugs in the KP population, Pakistan. A total of 315 participants aged 19.1 ± 8.6 years were examined. Mean age of the patients was 18 ± 8.1 year. Epilepsy was high in male patients (64.39%) and urban areas (60.1%). Mostly, 88.6% of patients were belonging to low socioeconomic status background. 42.4% patients have positive family history for epilepsy and 42.8% patients had consanguineous marriages. Middle SES class patients (OR, 2.22 [CI, 0.54–9.1]) were slightly associated with controlled response to CBZ and VPA therapy. Absence seizure (OR, 1.16 [CI, 0.59–2.3]), and Complex partial seizure (OR, 1.29 [CI, 0.58–6.3]) showed good response to CBZ therapy while, Myoclonic seizure (OR, 2.23 [CI, 0.05–8.8]) was responsive to VPA therapy. However, non-compliance (R2 0.82, P < 0.0001) and nature of seizures (R2 0.83, P < 0.0001) were associated with the high risk for poor response to both CBZ and VPA therapy. Epilepsy was high in male patients and in urban areas. Most patients were belonging to low socioeconomic status. Non-compliance, low socioeconomic and nature of seizures strongly predict poor clinical response of anti-epileptic drugs therapy.

Previous studies have shown that Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan has a high incidence of epilepsy and a high proportion of low socioeconomic background and high treatment gap. Considering the changes over the past 20 years little is known about the current epidemiological characteristics of epilepsy in Khyber Pakhtunkhwa, Pakistan. The current study was focused to find the impact of various contributing factors on the clinical response to anti-epileptic drugs in the KP population, Pakistan. A total of 315 participants aged 19.1 ± 8.6 years were examined. Mean age of the patients was 18 ± 8.1 year. Epilepsy was high in male patients (64.39%) and urban areas (60.1%). Mostly, 88.6% of patients were belonging to low socioeconomic status background. 42.4% patients have positive family history for epilepsy and 42.8% patients had consanguineous marriages. Middle SES class patients (OR, 2.22 [CI, 0.54–9.1]) were slightly associated with controlled response to CBZ and VPA therapy. Absence seizure (OR, 1.16 [CI, 0.59–2.3]), and Complex partial seizure (OR, 1.29 [CI, 0.58–6.3]) showed good response to CBZ therapy while, Myoclonic seizure (OR, 2.23 [CI, 0.05–8.8]) was responsive to VPA therapy. However, non-compliance (R 2 0.82, P < 0.0001) and nature of seizures (R 2 0.83, P < 0.0001) were associated with the high risk for poor response to both CBZ and VPA therapy. Epilepsy was high in male patients and in urban areas. Most patients were belonging to low socioeconomic status. Non-compliance, low socioeconomic and nature of seizures strongly predict poor clinical response of anti-epileptic drugs therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: In the past 60 years the incidence, distribution and clinical severity of dengue has increased dramatically. Population growth in the tropics provides many susceptible hosts. Uncontrolled urbanization leads to inadequate management of water and waste product, providing a range of large water stores and disposable, non-biodegradable container that have became habitats for the larvae. Objectives: To study the social profile of dengue fever among children. Methodology:. Study design: Cross sectional study. Study period: 1 year from 1st Jan 2014 to 31st Dec 2014. Study area: Teaching hospitals of J.J.M Medical College. Materials and methods: Method of face to face interview with informant was done for filling up of predesigned, pretested proforma for all confirmed cases of dengue. For the most of the variables chi-square (χ²) test was applied, if 20% or more than 20% have expected count less than 5 then fisher's exact test was applied. Results: Out of 150 paediatric dengue cases 41% were in the age group of 5-9 years, M:F ratio was 1.03:1. 74.7% of cases were from class III, IV and V socioeconomic status. 44.7% cases were reported in postmonsoon period. 65.3% cases were Anti Ig M positive and 34.7% were NS 1 Ag positive. Conclusion: From the current study it can be concluded that, the dengue infection with reference to the parameters such as age, sex, urban/rural area, season, socioeconomic, socio-environment varies widely. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]