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In recent years, interest has been growing among policymakers in how to leverage special economic zone (SEZ) policies to support local entrepreneurship. With a few recent exceptions, the academic literature to date has been silent on the matter. This article aims to contribute to addressing this gap. First, it develops a conceptual framework linking SEZ policies and entrepreneurship development. Second, it explores the state of play of entrepreneurship promotion in SEZs in Africa using a survey of African SEZs and two case studies. We And significant appetite among African SEZs to promote local entrepreneurship; however, it is less clear how best to accomplish the task. Many of the policies, facilities and services offered are open to local entrepreneurs rather than being tailored specifically to their needs. The support required in some policy areas also seems to be more straightforward than in others. Adapting the SEZ offering to the needs of local entrepreneurs is one of the key challenges to increasing the effectiveness of the support. Keywords : special economic zones, entrepreneurship, developing countries, local economic development, knowledge spillovers, sourcing linkages JEL classification codes : L26, O31, O55, O25, R58, 1. Introduction Special economic zones (SEZs) are an ever-popular policy tool for promoting investment, generating employment and stimulating innovation. Policymakers put their hopes in them to overcome key developmental challenges [...]

While older adults and family carers have important contributions to make to social and civic life in Canada, meaningful opportunities for engaging in democratic governance are often limited. Using the [...]

Studies of Latin American Jews under Cold War dictatorships have primarily focused on Jewish victims of dictatorial state violence. More recent scholarship, however, has offered individual case studies of Argentine Jewish activists as political actors rather than victims. Building on this newer work, this article examines the participation of Jewish high school and university students in the student movement and armed struggle against the Brazilian military regime (1964-85). Drawing on secret police records, memoirs, and oral history interviews, it explores the experiences of a dozen Jewish activists, tracing their politicization to family ties, Jewish elementary schools and summer camps, and elite public high schools. Blurring the boundaries between the 'communalist' and 'dispersionist' approaches to Jewish history by demonstrating how social networks established through leftist Jewish institutions had lasting impacts on ostensibly unaffiliated Jewish activists, this article offers the first extended examination of Jewish anti-dictatorship activism in the Latin American sixties. Key words: Brazil, Cold War, Latin America, military dictatorship, sixties, On a Saturday afternoon in August 1971, a 20-year-old university student named Ney Roitman was driving his father's Volkswagen Beetle on Vieira Souto Avenue in the beachside Rio de Janeiro [...]

Lasting moral formation should be measured not in decades but in generations--in the ability of one generation to pass its moral ideals and practices on to the next. But what [...]

This article examines how Bangkok's religious economy has been diversified by Ahmad Wahab (1883-1956), Direk Kulsiriswad (also known as Ibrahim Qureshi) (1922-2005) and Sheikh Rida Ahmad Samadi (1969-) from the 1920s onwards. In addition to engaging with a series of recent empirically rich contributions from Thai Muslim scholars, we introduce elements of Nile Green's conceptual framework--such as 'religious economies', 'terrains of exchange' and 'transcultural religious entrepreneurs'--that bring into focus how developments in Bangkok resemble accounts of religious change elsewhere. We completed local case studies around the time that other scholars were documenting Muslim elements of central Bangkok's cultural kaleidoscope that highlighted the complex cultural geography of Bangkok's Muslim enclaves and transnational connections with the wider Muslim world. Keywords: Thailand, Bangkok, Islam, religious economy, connected histories., More has been written on Thailand's Muslim minorities than on any other minority group in mainland Southeast Asia, including works published by a cohort of Thai scholars who have contributed [...]

Women-owned businesses are not only among the fastest-growing entrepreneurial ventures in the world but also have a significant impact on other women businesses and the economies at large. This paper uses an in-depth multiple-case study design to study twenty-two Women Entrepreneurs (WE) from diverse geographical, social, economic, and industrial sectors in two of the world's fastest-growing emerging markets, India and the Philippines. The main message of our study is that in emerging markets, WEs ability to (simultaneously) sell products or offer solutions to niche segments and their capabilities to optimize resources by being innovative in identifying sources of funding, despite the institutional voids in emerging markets, enhances the competitive advantage of their businesses. To this extent, we introduce 'A Framework to Explain the Paths of Building Women-Owned Businesses ' Competitive Advantage ' and identify some 'propositions ' as anchors for further theory building. Finally, the findings of this study provide guidelines for entrepreneurs, educators, and policymakers that boosting women 's entrepreneurship and economic empowerment requires systemic solutions at scale. Key Words: Women Entrepreneurs, Emerging Markets, Case-Study Research Method, India, Philippines, Opportunity Recognition, Competitive Advantage, Social Networks, 1. Introduction The international business community realizes that 'the emerging world, long a source of cheap labor, now rivals rich countries for business innovation and that these innovations are changing [...]

Autoerotic asphyxiation (AEA) is a sexual interest that involves heightening sexual arousal by deliberately self-inducing a reduced supply of oxygen to the brain. Most of the literature on AEA is [...]

Migration was a key social process contributing to the creation of the 'Chaco World' between AD 800 and 1200. Dynamic social network analysis allows for evaluation of several migration scenarios, and demonstrates that Chaco 's earliest ninth-century networks show interaction with areas to the west and south, rather than migration to the Canyon from the Northern San Juan. By the late eleventh century, Chaco Canyon was tied strongly to the Middle and Northern San Juan, while a twelfth-century retraction of networks separated the Northern and Southern San Juan areas prior to regional depopulation. Understanding Chaco migration is important for comprehending both its uniqueness in U.S. Southwest archaeology and for comparison with other case studies worldwide. Keywords: Chaco Canyon, Pueblo Period, migration, social network analysis, regional interaction, Migration is a key demographic variable and one that archaeologists contend with around the world (Anthony 1990). Archaeological case studies of migration among Southwest agriculturalists emphasise several key variables, including [...]

Social media has become a valuable platform that enables public and private stakeholders to participate and interact in various transport policies. Using a network-based perspective and a case study of bike-sharing pricing strategies in China, this paper aims to quantitatively characterize the pattern and structure of multi-stakeholders engagement networks. Furthermore, this paper also empirically examines the confirmation bias that might exist among participants. Dataset on retweets from the Chinese Twitter-Sina Weibo is collected. Results reveal two types of important actors with unequal roles in terms of information diffusion: the “network root” and the “network bridge.” The former is mainly comprised of organizations and influential individuals who dominate message sharing, whereas the latter is comprised of the general public with various occupational backgrounds who control the efficiency and the scope of information spreading. The result also reveals a hierarchical structure in both networks and a community gathering like-minded individuals. The empirical result also demonstrates the existence of echo chambers in the transport participation network of governments and enterprises. Most echo chambers operate such that organizations or influential individuals amplify the views of the general public with more critical viewpoints. These findings of this study can assist transport stakeholders in crafting more sustainable strategies based on the understanding of uneven patterns in online public participation. Furthermore, this study sheds insights on how social media could be used to facilitate the collection of diverse people's opinions and the evaluation of multi-stakeholder engagement for major transport issues., Author(s): Qian Ye [1]; Xiaohong Chen [1]; Hua Zhang (corresponding author) [2]; Junjie Cai [3,4]; Kaan Ozbay [3] 1. Introduction Making appropriate policies or strategies is essential to the sustainable [...]

ABSTRACT. The city of Vitoria-Gasteiz in Spain is considered a 'healthy city' and has implemented sustainable actions to increase the mobility of its healthcare professionals. The objectives of this study [...]

In contrast to studies of transnational care-giving that focus on the Global South and transnational parenting, this article examines the care practices and relations of permanent residents and foreign born citizens in Halifax, Nova Scotia, Canada, whose care encompasses broader kin ties and social networks across borders and generations. By exploring the nature, modalities, frequency, financial and well-being consequences of transnational care provisions, gender-specific patterns are discerned, as well as implications for citizenship. Our findings show that the consequences of these gendered provisions of transnational care are not always the reinforcement of stereotypical gender roles, but, at times, can also include their contestation. Moreover, although caring bonds remain strong across borders, 'bi-focality' does not undermine social cohesion but can strengthen feelings of belonging and Canadian citizenship. Ultimately, this local case study, which includes the social, economic, political and emotional dimensions of transnational caregiving, points to the broader repercussions of such care practices, involving a potentialy more inclusive and feminist global citizenship. Keywords: Care, transnational families, gender and migration, belonging, citizenship, Halifax Contrairement aux etudes sur les soins transnationaux axes sur le soutien de l'axe Sud mondial et du parrainage transnational, cet article examine les pratiques de soins et les relations des residents permanents et des citoyens etrangers nes a Halifax, en Nouvelle-Ecosse au Canada, dont les soins englobent des liens parentaux plus larges et des reseaux sociaux a travers les frontieres et les generations. En explorant les consequences de la nature, des modalites, de la frequence, de la finance et du bien-etre des dispositions relatives aux soins transnationaux, on distingue les tendances sexospecifiques, ainsi que les implications pour la citoyennete. Nos resultats montrent que les consequences de ces dispositions sexospecifiques de soins transnationaux ne sont pas toujours le renforcement des roles stereotypes de genre, mais parfois peuvent aussi inclure leur contestation. En outre, bien que les liens charitaux restent forts a travers les frontieres, la <> ne porte pas atteinte a la cohesion sociale, mais peut renforcer le sentiment d'appartenance et de la citoyennete canadienne. En fin de compte, cette etude de cas local, qui comprend les dimensions sociales, economiques, politiques et emotionnelles de la prise en charge transnationale, souligne les repercussions plus larges de ces pratiques de soins, impliquant une citoyennete globale potentiellement plus inclusive et feministe. Mots cles: Soins, families transnationales, genre et migration, appartenance, citoyennete, Halifax, INTRODUCTION The literature (1) on transnational care has burgeoned over the last few decades, sensitizing social scientists and policy-makers to the forms and social implications of care work across borders. [...]