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Literature dedicated to growth patterns and growth rate influencing factors of radiation-induced meningiomas (RIMs) is limited. To deliver new insights into the topic, a volumetric growth analysis of RIMs was performed.This single-center, retrospective cohort study included patients diagnosed with intracranial meningioma who received radiation treatment at least 5 years before the RIM diagnosis. Volumetric analysis of individual RIMs was performed using 3D volumetry at the time of RIM diagnosis and during follow-up. RIM growth was determined by calculating absolute (AGR), and relative (RGR) growth rates. Prognostic factors associated with RIM growth were evaluated.A total of 26 patients with 33 meningiomas were enrolled in the study and radiologically/clinically followed up during a median duration of 5.6 years (IQR 3.9-8.8 years). Median AGR was 0.19 cmTo diagnose RIM as early as possible comprehensive MRI surveillance is required. Younger patients with shorter latency periods may profit from shortened MRI intervals, with further management being dependent on the growth rate and eventual symptomatology.

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Gabriela Sochová Supervisor: doc. PharmDr. Iva Boušová, Ph.D. Advisor: Mgr. Gabriela Svobodová Title of diploma thesis: Expression and activities of antioxidant enzymes in the in vivo models of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease is one of the most common liver diseases. This disease is caused by an imbalance between fat intake and fat degradation. Lipid accumulation can be caused by several factors (genetic predisposition, diet, metabolic diseases, etc.). If these factors act for a long enough period, the disease can lead to liver fibrosis or even cirrhosis. The aim of this diploma thesis was to compare the expression and activity of the antioxidant enzymes glutathione-S-transferase (GST), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), glutathione reductase (GR), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase in two models of NAFLD (dietary model (K) - high fat, fructose, and cholesterol diet (FFC); chemical model - induced by monosodium glutamate (MSG)). Furthermore, the effect of LiPR31 and liraglutide on the expression and activity of antioxidant enzymes were investigated in these models. Expression and activity were determined in 20,000×g supernatant of mouse liver. RT-qPCR was used...

The title of this bachelor thesis is "Ways of Identifying Linguistically Talented Pupils by Primary School Teachers". It deals with the methods of identification of linguistically talented pupils by primary school teachers. The thesis is divided into two parts. The first part is theoretical and describes talent and its definitions, characteristics of a talented individual and criteria of talent, types and kinds of talented individuals and their classification. It also describes displays talented pupils and their identification in a school environment, sampling of talented individuals and their education. Attention is equally dedicated to linguistic talent and talent for foreign languages itself. Practical part targets the linguistically talented pupils at primary schools and their teachers. The thesis deals especially with the talent for foreign languages. The research is concerned with the main question: How do the teachers at primary schools identify linguistically talented pupils? Furthermore, there are two sub-questions to be answered. First research sub-question relates to the characteristics of talented pupils through the eyes of their educators. The second one refers to the most used educational methods. Qualitative research in a form of half-structured interviews and follow-up analysis was...

European forests are undergoing an important transition due to the current climate change, as monocultures are being gradually replaced by mixed forests. Understanding tree growth in mixed forests under a changing climate is challenging because of tree species’ adaptation and long-term forest planning. In this study, we evaluate the long-term behaviour of Norway spruce (Picea abies), silver fir (Abies alba) and European beech (Fagus sylvatica) from a low montane range at the Czech-Austrian border. Species-specific tree-ring width chronologies have revealed significantly decreasing growth trends since the 2000s. Temporally unstable climate–growth relationships showed an increasing negative effect of current growing season drought on spruce growth and a positive effect of dormant season temperature on fir and beech growth. Our results suggest that though species’ response to climate change differs in the mixed forest, growth reduction in the last years has been proved for all species, likely due to frequent climate extremes.

The methodology of drug-related crimes in theory and practice ABSTRACT This thesis is focused on issues of drug-related crimes, mainly from the investigative point of view. This means from the point of view of the methods and techniques that are used by police authority. According to the inherent connection between criminalistics and criminal law, the thesis also reflects procedural aspects of the acts and descriptions of particular crimes under criminal substantive law. The thesis consists of an introduction, eight chapters and a conclusion. The first chapter is dedicated to definition of particular terms which are commonly used within this topic. Each definition is expounded upon in the context of legal development. The system of legal adjustment is compared with foreign systems. The second chapter analyses the structure of realtionships and positions of each person within the drug's hierarchy which are reflected in investigative tactics. A description of the criminal acts under criminal substantive law is contained in the third chapter. This description must be included to properly explain the facts of the case. The chapter number four examines the legal adjustment of police authority's procedure and the options and methods of international cooperation. Through of the existence of unified code of...

Over the recent decades, a many oak tree-ring width chronologies have been used for archaeological, climatological and ecological studies, particularly across western, southern and central Europe. However, a general summary of research in the easternmost distribution of European oaks, represented mainly by Quercus robur L. and Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl., has been missing. Therefore, we herein overview the current state-of-the-art of oak dendrochronology in Eastern Europe. Many tree-ring width chronologies were created across this area mostly from living trees and applied in the investigation of climate-growth relationships or dendroecological studies, especially in Baltic States. In contrast, dendrochronological dating is fairly rare in the Baltic area because of a low occurrence of oak wood in historical constructions. The only long multi-centennial tree-ring width (TRW) chronology compiled using living trees as well as historical buildings exists in western Ukraine, though many preserved historical buildings still remain unexplored in some regions (e.g. Transcarpathia). The general lack of long and well-replicated TRW chronologies resulted in usage of radiocarbon methods or TRW chronologies representing distant regions for dating purposes. Nevertheless, some regions show great dendrochronological potential for compilation of long tree-ring width chronologies and its usability in dendroarchaeology or paleo-climatology.

Charles University Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biochemical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Andrea Sochová Supervisor: prof. RNDr. Lenka Skálová, Ph. D. Title of diploma thesis: Monitoring of albendazole transfer from ovine faeces to fodder plants by LC-MS In general, drugs might be a significant source of pollution in the environment especially drugs with high persistence. Albendazole (ABZ) belongs to a benzimidazole group of anthelmintic drugs. These drugs are regularly and frequently used to limit and treat parasitic infections in animals. ABZ enters the environment via animal excrements and it can have negative effects on non-target organisms. Laboratory experiments have shown that the plants can uptake and even biotransform the ABZ, however, it is not known whether these phenomena occur in the real field conditions. The present study monitors the transfer of ABZ and its transformation products (TPs) from the faeces of treated sheep to common fodder plants such as Medicago sativa and Trifolium pratense. We wanted to know whether the possibility of transferring these compounds from excrement into the soil and from soil to plants exits in real field conditions. Our study successfully revealed the occurrence of ABZ TPs (ABZ-SO and ABZ-SO2) in both fodder plants. The highest...

This thesis focuses on the skills necessary to detect children being at risk from the adults in their surroundings based on the signals that the children manifest. The specific signs are described in the theoretical part, for example, different child expressions (on psychological, physical or behavioural level etc.) which can accompany risk exposure. The thesis also focuses on analysis of different environments in which these signals can be detected (family, school, medical examination etc.). Risk factors of children being exposed to danger in their own families are also analysed. Knowledge of these factors can facilitate the detection by surrounding people. The empirical part examines the signals most frequently used for the detection of children at risk by the adults in their proximity, as well as signs which don't get much attention (the adults are unable to perceive those signals, or they don't consider them as important). This analysis uses the data from "Children Crisis Center" (Dětské krizové centrum). Quantitative content analysis was used for the data survey. The quantity of signals registered by the family carers was compared to the quantity of signals only discovered by psychological examination. The conclusion reached by this analysis suggests, that family carers are not yet very...

Longstanding demographic growth accompanied by rising settlement activities and development of industry led to an increasing demand on utilization of wood. Tree species were selected for their specific properties. As a consequence of regional differences of forest species composition, wood has become an extremely important trade commodity. Therefore, the utilization of individual species could substantially change in space and time. In this study, we use 8´135 precisely dated timber constructions from a dendrochronological database to investigate spatio-temporal changes in wood utilization across the Czech lands from the 15th to the 19th century. Our results suggest that the utilization of individual species in historical timber constructions was primarily limited by their availability. Species selection was also based on wood properties and stem geometry. Most of historical constructions (99.7%), represented mainly by roofs and ceilings, are made of fir, spruce, pine, and oak. While fir constructions prevail in eastern Moravia and Silesia, spruce constructions are largely spread across the western and central part of the Czech Republic. Pine and oak constructions reflect natural occurrence of such forests in lower elevated central Bohemia and southern Moravia. Although fir prevailed in timber construction in the late-Medieval and post-Medieval times, planting of spruce monocultures resulted in its significantly increased utilization by the end of the 19th century. This study demonstrates the value of dendrochronological databases as an indicator of historical wood utilization.

Transcarpathian wooden churches started to dilapidate after World War I. To preserve the architectural heritage, five oak churches were transported from the region to the territory of today's Czech Republic. However, an exact date of their construction and origin of wood have not been specified and evidenced in literature. In this study, 63 samples have been collected and processed using standard dendrochronological methods. Three Baroque churches, coming from the Mukachevo district, were absolutely dated thanks to the preserved waney edge or sapwood tree rings to periods 1734–1744, 1753–1755, and 1783–1795. Two other churches, representing Gothic architecture, were transported from a more eastern part of Transcarpathian Ukraine. One of them was dated to the period after 1655 and the other could not be reliably dated using available reference chronologies. The created mean tree-ring width series representing individual churches showed strong correlations with the reference chronologies for Slovakia and northern Romania whereas correlations with the only Ukrainian chronology (Lviv region) were negligible. This could suggest low Transcarpathian tree-ring coherency and may indicate the need to create a dense network of regional tree-ring width chronologies in the regions surrounding the Carpathian Mountains.

This bachelor's thesis consists of mapping risk and protective factors to which children are exposed in the family where they are growing up and which can affect the child either immediately or after longer time and can influence the following development of the child. The theoretical part of the work describes selected important factors and their influences which are divided according to their relation to the family structure, stability, or functioning. The proposal of the research project focuses on the comparison of children coming from families with married and unmarried parents and examines if the wellbeing of children coming from unmarried parents is worse than wellbeing of children coming from married parents.

The aim of the thesis was to make a constructional-historical research and dendrochronological dating of the roof frame (truss) of St. James´s church in Stará Ves near Bílovce (the district of Novy Jicin). It is the case of the roof frame structure of hammerbeam type which was made from fir timber. The result of the dendrochronological analysis has shown that the trees used for the construction of the roof of the nave were fell down between 1712 and 1713. The trees used for the construction of the roof over the chancel were also fell down between 1712 and 1713. The oak bell stool could not be reliably dendrochronologically dated. The results of the dendrochronological analysis correspond to the historical development of the church found out from the literary and historical sources

The polychlorinated insecticide toxaphene belonged to the most used pesticides in the 20th century. Even recently, significant residues have been found in soils at various sites in the world. However, knowledge on toxicity to soil organisms is limited. In this study, the effects of toxaphene on soil invertebrates Folsomia candida, Eisenia fetida, Enchytraeus albidus, Enchytraeus crypticus, Caenorhabditis elegans, and microorganisms were investigated. Among the organisms tested, F. candida was the most sensitive. The 50% effect on survival and reproduction output (LC50 and EC50) was found at concentrations of 10.4 and 3.6 mg/kg, respectively. Sensitivity of other organisms was significantly lower with effective concentrations at tens or hundreds of mg/kg. Our data on soil toxicity were recalculated to soil pore-water concentrations and good accordance with available data reported for aquatic toxicity was found. Since soil concentrations at some sites are comparable to concentrations effective in our tests, toxaphene may negatively affect soil communities at these sites.

Caenorhabditis elegans is a free-living soil nematode that is commonly used as a model for toxicity tests. The aim of this study was to investigate the toxicity of seven organic pollutants: four azaarenes (quinoline, acridine, phenazine, and 1,10-phenanthroline), short-chain chlorinated paraffins, and two organochlorinated pesticides (toxaphene and hexachlorobenzene). The exposure to all chemicals was carried out in three test media (soil, agar, and aquatic medium), and adult mortality was evaluated after 24 and 48 h. Toxaphene was the most toxic substance with LC50 (48 h) of 379 mg/kg in the soil and 0.2 mg/L in the aquatic medium. Quinoline was the most toxic chemical in agar test with LC50 (48 h) of 10 mg/L. HCB showed a very low toxicity in all tests, maybe due to its very low water solubility. Longer than 24-h test duration was found necessary for getting more correct data on toxicity. In comparison with other studies, C. elegans was less sensitive than other soil invertebrates. Different response might be attributed to different exposure routes and shorter test duration. Equilibrium partitioning theory was used to calculate Koc from results of soil and aquatic tests but this approach was found not working. Our results suggest that the tests with nematode C. elegans should be included to the battery of tests for risk assessment of POPs in soil. Keywords: Caenorhabditis elegans, Azaarenes, Toxaphene, Hexachlorobenzene, Chlorinated paraffins, Toxicity

The bachelor thesis work analyses the range of wooden carved toys and surface finishing that is currently manufactured in the Czech Republic. The first part deals with the analysis of the current trend of finishing wooden carved toys. In the second part safety and environmental requirements for children's carved toys are defined. Then it examines the physico-mechanical and ecological properties of finished wooden segments used in the manufacture of children's carved toys. And last but not least the laboratory tests and measurements of physico-mechanical and ecological properties of finished surfaces of children's carved toys are being performed. And the result of the thesis work is evaluating the outcomes of the tests and measurements and comparison of the properties of finished surfaces according to ČSN and EN applicable standards and determining the proper properties of finished surfaces for children's toys.

This bachelor's thesis is about comparison of tested social benefits within the social support in the Czech Republic, Great Britain and Sweden. Theoretical comparative analysis is supplemented by interpretation of the practical research part, i. e. of the survey. Its objective was to find out the Czech respondents' satisfaction with tested social benefits within the social support in the Czech Republic. The results indicate disagreement with the amount of all three benefits or their redundancy. Child benefit is in all age categories insufficient, the housing benefit should be eligible only for the economically active population or a completely different form of support should be used. Sure start maternity grant is not the motivation for giving birth to another child and there is a trend to its universal payment or complete cancellation. Hypothesis that the amount and payment conditions of tested social benefits within the social support in the Czech Republic are set inappropriately was on the basis of the analysis and the survey accepted.

Author: Jitka Sochová Institution: Department of Rehabilitation Medicine The Faculty of Medicine in Hradec Králové Title: Kinesiotherapy and physical therapy for carpal tunnel syndrome Supervisor: Mgr. Zuzana Hamarová Pages: 128 Inserts: 7 The year of presentation: 2013 Keywords: Carpal tunnel, rehabilitation therapy, entrapment syndromes, electromyography This Bachelor Diploma deals with carpal tunnel syndrome. In theoretical part I focus on anatomy, lead and innervation of the median nerve, etiology, pathophysiology, classification of carpal tunnel syndrome according to clinical findings, diagnosis, treatment, complications and prevention of carpal tunnel syndrome. Noninvasive physiotherapy method of carpal tunnel syndrome include: physical therapy, mobilization and manipulation therapy, techniques on neurodynamic base, proprioceptive neuromuscular facilitation and kinesiotaping. The practical part contains two case reports. The first case study deals with the physical therapy treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome by conservative method. The second case study deals with the physical therapy treatment of carpal tunnel syndrome by operative method. The aim of this work is to determine and compare the effectiveness of treatment.

Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Candidate: Pavlína Sochová Consultant: PharmDr. Marcel Špulák, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Quinazoline derivatives as compounds with potential bronchodilatory effect II The aim of this thesis is to synthesize various derivatives of (-)vasicin and (-)vasicinone and explore their bronchodilatory activity. Two most active compounds from previous screening were selected as model structures and the relationship between the bronchodilatory effect and a) the number of nitrogen atoms in heterocyclic core, b) the presence of benzene ring and c) the substitution of benzene ring was investigated. Preliminary results of bronchodilatory screening showed some promising effects of certain compounds. Even though the activity of the most successful derivatives are not yet comparable to ipratropium bromide, due to the fact that their mode of action is still not explored, it renders them possible target for further development.

HPLC analysis of drugs V Diploma thesis Veronika Sochová Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové, Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control In this diploma thesis was established the methodology for the evaluation of dexamethasone in biological material using solid phase microextraction and HPLC. For the measurements was used extraction fibre polydimethylsiloxane in combination with divinylbenzene. The fiber was used for microextraction of dexamethasone from water samples and plasma samples. Conditions were optimized for SPME evaluation of dexamethasone and diazepam (internal standard) in plasma sample. Sorption time was 10 minutes, desorption time was 20 minutes to 0,2 ml methanol. Chromatographic conditions - column C18, eluent acetonitrile - water, 55:45 (v/v) and detection at a wavelength of 240 nm.