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Copyright of Revista Española de Cardiología (18855857) is the property of Elsevier B.V. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: no previous large prospective studies have assessed the global quality of macronutrients in association with the risk of overweight/ obesity. Objective: to prospectively assess the association of an overall macronutrient quality index (MQI) with weight change and the incidence of overweight/obesity in the Seguimiento Universidad de Navarra (SUN) cohort. Methods: the diet of 9,344 Spanish university graduates free of overweight/obesity (mean age: 36.5 [SD, 11.1]) was assessed through a validated 136-item food frequency questionnaire. The MQI was calculated as the sum of the Carbohydrate Quality Index, the Fat Quality Index, and the Healthy Plate Protein Quality Index. Participants were classified into groups (G) according to MQI. Incident overweight/obesity was defined if follow-up questionnaires indicated BMI was ≥ 25 kg/m2 . Multiple linear regression models and Cox proportional hazard models were used to assess the average yearly weight change and the risk of overweight/obesity over follow-up time. Results: 2,465 cases of incident overweight/obesity were identified (median follow-up: 10.7 years). Increasing MQI was significantly associated with lower annual weight gain (g): b coefficient: -99.0, (95 % CI: -173.6 to -24.5) in the G4 vs G1, p for trend = 0.007. In the fully adjusted model the incidences of overweight/obesity in G4 and G1 were 21.7 % (431 cases) and 29.3 % (954 cases), respectively. The adjusted HR was 0.87 (95 % CI, 0.77-0.98, p for trend = 0.036). When we used repeated analyses updating the MQI after 10 years of follow-up, results remained similar. Conclusions: a significant inverse association between a multidimensional MQI and the risk of overweight/obesity was found in this Mediterranean cohort of adults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To evaluate zoometric variables in obese Landrace pigs undergoing experimental hourglass bariatric surgery with gastro-jejunal bypass (CBERADG-Y). Materials and methods. The evaluation was performed in three phases with 12 purebred animals divided into an experimental group and two control groups. Phase 1: induction of obesity reached in 120 days. Phase 2: practice of experimental surgery. Phase 3: evaluation of zoometric variables [body mass (BM), occipital-coccygeal length (L Occ-Co), abdominal diameter (AD), and body mass index (BMI)] in the experimental pigs; comparing measurements at day zero, day 15, and day 30 between groups and intra-group. Results. At the end of the study, the experimental group reduced MC, DA, and BMI without affecting L Occ-Co, while the two control groups maintained these variables stable. Conclusions. Although there were no significant differences between groups, it was possible to standardize a bariatric surgery that had a quantitative influence on the zoometric variables of the experimental group. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Ciência & Saúde Coletiva is the property of Associacao Brasileira de Pos-Graduacao em Saude Coletiva and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJETIVO: Descrever a prevalência de diabetes mellitus (DM) e excesso de peso autorreferidos em idosos e a associação com fatores sociodemográficos, estilo de vida e outras comorbidades. MÉTODOS: Estudo transversal de base populacional com amostra probabilística de idosos de Goiânia, Goiás. RESULTADOS: Dos 934 idosos, 19,0% autorreferiram DM, e 13,9% excesso de peso. A prevalência de DM e excesso de peso foi superior no sexo feminino, na faixa etária de 60 a 69 anos, nas pessoas que autorreferiram saúde boa e não praticantes de atividade física (excesso de peso). Houve associação e elevadas prevalências das enfermidades hipertensão arterial, hipertrigliceridemia e hipercolesterolemia. CONCLUSÃO: A frequência de DM e de excesso de peso autorrreferidos foi elevada. Sua associação com comorbidades também de alta prevalência são condições que interferem negativamente nos hábitos de vida dessa população vulnerável, requerendo ações que promovam a saúde dessas pessoas.

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension is the property of Revista Latinoamericana de Hipertension and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: Overweight (OW) and obesity (OB) are major health problems both in Mexico and the world. Because of the chronic low-grade inflammatory state that characterizes OW and OB, they are considered as cardiovascular risk factors. The leuko-glycemic index (LGI) is a ratio used as a prognostic factor to predict complications in patients with vascular diseases. Objective: To assess the utility of LGI index as an inflammatory and endothelial dysfunction marker in patients with OW and OB. Material and methods: Comparative cross-sectional study in 124 patients of Family Medicine Unit 80 of Mexican Social Security Institute. Young adults aged between 18-50 years old, and BMI between 18.5 and 40 kg/m2, without diagnosis of chronic diseases, auto immunities or immunodeficiencies were included. Bioelectrical impedance (weight, height, BMI, % body fat, lean mass) and blood sample (blood count, glucose, lipid profile, inflammatory, endothelial dysfunction markers) were assessed. Patients were grouped according to their BMI: OB, OW and normal weight (NW). Results: LGI was found to be significantly elevated in OB and OW patients vs. NW. The LGI correlated positively with inflammation and DE markers: IL-6, TNF-a, vWF. A value = 405 was estimated with ROC curves as cut-off point for LGI to predict the likelihood of inflammation and ED in OW and OB patients. Conclusions: ILG is relevant as a predictive marker of cardiovascular disease by reflecting inflammation and endothelial dysfunction in patients with OW and OB. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective. To describe the magnitude of overweight and obesity (OW+OB) in school-age children and adolescents (5-19y) in Mexico, as well as its association with the consumption of fruits and vegetables (F+V) and added sugars. Materials and methods. The prevalence of OW+OB was estimated in 15 109 schoolchildren and adolescents from the National Health and Nutrition Surveys (Ensanut, in Spanish) from 2020 to 2023, according to the World Health Organization growth standards. The consumption of energy from added sugar and F+V consumption, were estimated in a subsample (n=4 014). The association between energy consumption from added sugars (as a percentage) and F+V consumption with OW+OB was analysed using logistic regression models. Results. The prevalence of OW+OB was 36.5% in schoolchildren and 40.4% in adolescents. The median percentage of energy consumption from sugars was 12.6%, and the median F+V consumption was 200 g/d. The probability of OW+OB decreased as F+V consumption increased in children with a parent with normal body mass index. The probability of OW+OB increased with a higher percentage of energy from added sugars. Conclusions. In Mexican population aged 5 to 19 years, added sugar consumption is high, while F+V consumption is low, these conditions are related with the high prevalence of OW+OB. Interventions to stop that situation are needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: overweight and obesity in children are serious public health problems in Mexico. Objective: to analyze the behavior of the prevalence of overweight and obesity in children from 5 to 11 years of age and to present projections on the prevalence for the period 2022-2026. Methodology: ecological and retrospective study whose units of analysis were groups of children of Mexico with overweight and obesity in the period 1999-2021, according to information collected from six National Health and Nutrition Surveys. For the projections the classical method of least squares was used, for a trend analysis of both conditions for the period 2022-2026. Results: overweight in girls and obesity in boys shows a high prevalence in the period 1999-2021, even though the trend analysis for the period 2022-2026 shows a slight decrease in overweight for the group of boys and a slight increase in overweight for girls, as well in obesity for both groups. Conclusions: due to the high prevalence of overweight and obesity in children from 5 to 11 years of age in Mexico, an interdisciplinary approach is required to identify which dimensions (biochemical, psychological, interpersonal and social) participate in the problem, considering three environments contributing for psychological and social development of children, the ecological-social, the family and the school. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia is the property of Arquivos Brasileiros de Oftalmologia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

La transición nutricional genera gran impacto en la salud de las personas, especialmente en los países más pobres. La globalización, la industrialización y otros factores socioambientales han cambiado las dietas y los patrones alimentarios, lo que ha conllevado a un aumento en las enfermedades crónicas y de malnutrición en poblaciones vulnerables como las comunidades indígenas, afectando principalmente a los niños. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar la alimentación actual y su impacto en el estado nutricional de los niños menores de cinco años pertenecientes a las comunidades Embera Katio del resguardo indígena Gito Dokabú. Se evaluó el estado nutricional de estos menores utilizando los índices antropométricos de peso para la talla según los estándares de la Organización Mundial de la Salud [OMS] (2006). Se indagó, a través de entrevistas semiestructuradas realizadas a los padres de los menores, sobre la frecuencia de consumo de los diferentes grupos de alimentos según las Guías Alimentarias colombianas. La investigación contó con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de la Universidad de Caldas y el consentimiento de los padres. Como resultado, se observó una baja prevalencia de desnutrición (1,74%) pero un alto riesgo de sobrepeso (21%). Se destaca el alto consumo de alimentos del grupo 1 (arroz, plátano y maíz) y la baja ingesta de alimentos del grupo 2 (frutas y verduras). La introducción de alimentos exógenos y el cambio en las preferencias hacia alimentos menos salu dables son factores que afectan la alimentación de las comunidades indígenas del resguardo Gito Dokabú.

La actividad física regular en entornos militares no solo contribuye a mantener la salud física, sino también a mejorar el rendimiento cognitivo y la capacidad de respuesta en situaciones de alta demanda. Por lo tanto, el objetivo de este estudio fue evaluar el impacto de un programa de ejercicios físicos sobre la condición física del personal militar del Batallón de Selva 62 Zamora, específicamente en la reducción de sobrepeso y obesidad. Se empleó una metodología cuasiexperimental y descriptiva con una muestra de 30 participantes de entre 25 y 45 años. El programa de entrenamiento se desarrolló durante 16 semanas, distribuyéndose en fases progresivas de intensidad. Para evaluar el estado físico inicial y final de los participantes, se utilizaron técnicas antropométricas y pruebas de aptitud física como el test de Cooper y evaluaciones de fuerza muscular. Los resultados mostraron una mejora significativa en la capacidad aeróbica y una reducción del IMC en la mayoría de los participantes. El análisis estadístico mediante chi-cuadrado confirmó la efectividad del programa en el incremento del rendimiento físico. Se concluye que la intervención fue efectiva para mejorar la condición física del personal militar, aunque se sugiere complementar el programa con apoyo nutricional y manejo del estrés para optimizar los resultados obtenidos.

Resumen: El objetivo del estudio fue estimar la prevalencia de malnutrición por indicadores antropométricos agrupados y describir los factores sociodemográficos, alimentarios y condiciones de salud determinantes de malnutrición en personas mayores colombianas. Se realizó un análisis secundario del estudio Salud, Bienestar y Envejecimiento (SABE) Colombia, 2015. Incluyó 23.694 personas ≥ 60 años. La malnutrición por exceso se definió agrupando dos indicadores: índice de masa corporal (IMC) y circunferencia de cintura; el déficit de peso se definió agrupando el IMC y las circunferencias de brazo y pantorrilla. Para asociar la malnutrición con variables sociodemográficas, alimentarias y condiciones de salud se usó la prueba chi-cuadrado y para determinar la heterogeneidad de la malnutrición se realizó un análisis de clases latentes. El exceso de peso fue 31,9%; mientras que el déficit de peso según IMC y circunferencia de pantorrilla fue 7,9%, e incrementó a 18,8%, al tener en cuenta además la circunferencia del brazo. Se generaron cinco clases latentes para malnutrición, clase 1: sin exceso de peso y con deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 2: sin déficit de peso y con deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 3: sin malnutrición ni deterioro en condiciones de salud; clase 4: exceso de peso y multimorbilidad, y clase 5: bajo consumo de alimentos proteicos sin déficit ni exceso de peso. Se concluye que existe una prevalencia de malnutrición elevada en las personas mayores, representando más el exceso que el déficit. Tanto los factores sociodemográficos, alimentarios y condiciones de salud, se asocian de forma diferente al exceso que al déficit de peso.

Introducción: Los conductores de taxi están propensos a una serie de factores de riesgo asociados a múltiples enfermedades, producto del sometimiento a estilos de vida no saludables. Objetivo: Estimar factores predictores del sobrepeso y obesidad en conductores de taxi, según variables socioeconómicas y dimensiones del estilo de vida. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, observacional, transversal, explicativo, llevado a cabo en un universo de 131 taxistas hombres, que trabajan en la ciudad de Azogues-Ecuador, aplicando la Escala del Estilo de Vida junto con la medición del peso y la talla de los participantes para obtener el índice de masa corporal. El análisis estadístico recurrió a métodos univariados (frecuencias, medidas de tendencia y dispersión) y multivariados (regresión logística binomial). Resultados: participantes de 35 a 42 años (45.8%), casados (90.84%), conducen más de 8 horas diarias (72.5%), con sobrepeso u obesidad (83.2%), llevan un estilo de vida no saludable global del 86.3%. La regresión logística mostró buen ajuste del modelo para las 3 variables incluidas: alimentación (OR = 1.53), apoyo interpersonal (OR = 0.454) y horas de conducción diarias (OR = 4.078). Discusión: Ser conductor de taxi es una actividad de riesgo para la salud que puede generar sobrepeso u obesidad, condiciones que pueden ser predichas por factores del estilo de vida y por condiciones laborales propias de esta actividad.

Introduction: Childhood excess weight is a growing public health problem. The aim of this study was to assess temporal trends in the prevalence of overweight, obesity and central obesity in schoolchildren aged 6–9 years in Spain between 2011 and 2019 based on demographic and socioeconomic characteristics. Methodology: The analysis included data from the 2011, 2015 and 2019 rounds of the cross-sectional observational and descriptive ALADINO study in schoolchildren of both sexes aged 6–9 years. We conducted a descriptive analysis of the trends in the prevalence of overweight and obesity (defined according to the criteria of the World Health Organization and the International Obesity Task Force) and of central obesity, in addition to associated demographic and socioeconomic variables. Results: Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight (WHO criteria) decreased in boys aged 6, 7 and 8 years (by −5.4%, −5.7% and −5.3%, respectively) and boys whose parents had a higher educational attainment (by −5.3%). In relation to the socioeconomic level, overweight in boys declined at all income levels. However, between 2011 and 2019, both the prevalence of overweight in girls and the prevalence of obesity (applying the WHO and IOTF criteria) and the prevalence of central obesity in both sexes remained stable. Conclusions: The prevalence of overweight and the prevalence of obesity in schoolchildren aged 6–9 years in Spain remain high. Between 2011 and 2019, the prevalence of overweight in children aged 6–8 years and in children whose parents had university degrees decreased, whereas obesity in boys, overweight and obesity in girls and central obesity in both sexes remained stable. Resumen: Introducción: El exceso de peso infantil es un problema de salud pública creciente. El objetivo del trabajo es estudiar la evolución de la prevalencia de sobrepeso, obesidad y obesidad central en escolares de 6 a 9 años en España entre 2011 y 2019 según características demográficas y socioeconómicas. Metodología: Se incluyeron las rondas 2011, 2015 y 2019 del estudio observacional, descriptivo y transversal ALADINO en escolares de ambos sexos de 6 a 9 años. Se realizó un análisis descriptivo de la evolución de la prevalencia de sobrepeso y obesidad según los criterios de la Organización Mundial de la Salud (OMS) y la International Obesity Task Force (IOTF), así como obesidad central, y las variables demográficas y socioeconómicas asociadas. Resultados: Entre 2011 y 2019 se redujo la prevalencia de sobrepeso (critrerios OMS) en niños de 6, 7 y 8 años (−5,4, −5,7 y −5,3 puntos porcentuales respectivamente) y niños cuyos progenitores tenían estudios superiores (−5,3 puntos porcentuales). Por renta, el sobrepeso en niños se redujo en todos los niveles de ingresos. Sin embargo, entre 2011 y 2019, se mantuvieron estables tanto la prevalencia de sobrepeso en niñas como la prevalencia de obesidad según las referencias OMS e IOTF y la de obesidad central en ambos sexos. Conclusiones: Las prevalencias de sobrepeso y obesidad en escolares de 6 a 9 años en España siguen siendo altas. Entre 2011 y 2019 disminuyó la prevalencia de sobrepeso en niños de 6 a 8 años y aquellos cuyos progenitores tienen estudios universitarios, mientras que la obesidad en niños, el sobrepeso y la obesidad en niñas, y la obesidad central en ambos sexos han permanecido estables.

Introducción. La convivencia o matrimonio puede conllevar a cambios en los patrones alimenticios y actividad física, afectando parámetros antropométricos como el perímetro abdominal. Objetivo. Determinar la relación entre el estado conyugal y el perímetro abdominal en adultos peruanos. Metodología. Estudio observacional, analítico, retrospectivo y transversal a partir de datos de la encuesta nacional de salud familiar. La población fue de 29206 adultos desde los 18 años. Las variables fueron: estado conyugal, sexo y perímetro abdominal. Se usó las pruebas Ji-cuadrado, V de Cramer, Odds Ratio y razón de prevalencias crudo y ajustado mediante regresión logística binaria, y regresión de Poisson, respectivamente, siendo las variables de ajuste: consumo de alcohol, etnia, lengua materna, nivel educativo, índice de masa corporal, presión arterial sistólica y diastólica y edad. Resultados. El promedio de perímetro abdominal fue mayor en adultos con estado conyugal casado/conviviente en ambos sexos, llegando en el rango de riesgo. Las mujeres con estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron altos porcentajes de perímetro abdominal de riesgo (85,30%) mientras que en hombres del grupo casado/conviviente fue más frecuente (57,70%) el perímetro normal. En el análisis multivariado mediante regresión logística binaria, las mujeres con el estado conyugal casado/conviviente tuvieron 2,39 veces mayor de perímetro abdominal de riesgo que las solteras con una prevalencia 1,42 veces mayor. En hombres casados/convivientes, la probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado fue 1,40 veces mayor que en solteros, con una prevalencia 1,31 veces mayor. Conclusión. El estado conyugal casado/conviviente está asociado a una mayor probabilidad de perímetro abdominal elevado en esta población.

Introduction: Evidence points to the vulnerability of individuals with mental disorders to risk factors associated with cardiovascular disease. Objective: To assess risk factors for cardiovascular disease in users assisted at a Psychosocial Care Center (CAPS) in Itaqui. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study with users of both sexes and aged ≥ 20 years. Sociodemographic, clinical, food consumption and lifestyle data were obtained by applying a questionnaire and medical records; and anthropometric measurements were taken (weight, height and waist circumference). For the assessment of risk factors for cardiovascular diseases, the following factors were considered: anthropometric (excess weight and increased waist circumference); clinical (diseases and use of medication); dietary (daily consumption: lower for fruits and vegetables; and high for foods high in sugar and fat) and lifestyle (physical inactivity, alcohol and tobacco consumption). Data analysis was performed through descriptive analysis. Results: There was a predominance of female users, older, with lower income and education. A large number of participants with pre-existing illnesses and medication use were identified. The most prevalent risk factors were: overweight, increased waist circumference; presence of at least one pathology; medication use; low daily consumption of beans, fruits, vegetables and legumes; daily consumption of foods high in sugar, fat and sodium; and physical inactivity. Conclusion: The evidenced presence of cardiovascular risk factors points to the need for regular actions to promote health and a healthy lifestyle in this population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Salud Uninorte is the property of Fundacion Universidad del Norte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista CES Psicologia is the property of Universidad CES and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Obesity and overweight is the abnormal and excessive accumulation of body fat. In recent decades they have become a global public health problem. The intestinal microbiota, which is the microbial ecosystem that colonizes the gastrointestinal tract, is involved in the pathogenesis of obesity. The objective of the present review is to compile the latest advances on the relationship between the intestinal microbiota in obesity and establish dysbiosis as an important factor in obesity, as well as the influence of diet on the intestinal microbiota and the consumption of prebiotics and probiotics. A methodology was used based on the bibliographic review of research related to the microbiota and obesity, carried out by exploring digital platforms specialized in health, such as Pubmed, Google Academic, ScIELO and Dialnet, in the period between 2019 and 2023. The results revealed that an imbalance in the intestinal microbiota is associated with an increased risk of obesity and related diseases. It is clear that the intestinal microbiota plays an important role in the pathogenesis of obesity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: To describe clinical, biochemical and psycho-emotional characteristics of Mexican patients with class I obesity. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cross-sectional study of clinical, biochemical, psychoemotional and physical activity characteristics in patients aged 18 to 60 years with body mass index between 30 and 34.9 kg/m2. RESULTS: There were included 90 participants. Average excess weight of 23.2 kg was found secondary to 40.1% of total body fat, and visceral fat of 139 cm2; 56.8% of the patients had abnormal blood pressure, 13.1% alterations in blood glucose, all had positive blood ketone levels; 35.5% had alterations in liver enzymes and 50.6% had dyslipidemia; 21% agreed to perform more than 120 min/week of physical activity; 41.2% showed some degree of depression and less than 10% some degree of anxiety. CONCLUSIONS: Patients with class I obesity are not free of clinical or metabolic alterations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Venezolana de Gerencia (RVG) is the property of Revista de Filosofia-Universidad del Zulia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Actualización en Nutrición is the property of Sociedad Argentina de Nutricion and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Healthy behaviors have traditionally been promoted through persuasive messages that provide information about figures or arguments and are designed with an openly persuasive objective. However, other strategies have recently been established, such as the use of narrative messages and mixed formats (which combine information and tell a story). The evidence is not conclusive about the efficacy of these three modalities of persuasion (informational, narrative, and mixed) nor about the mechanisms responsible. Methodology: Two experiments were carried out that compared the effects of the three modalities of persuasive messages mentioned and that were designed to promote sleep hygiene as a factor in controlling body weight. In addition, the role of involvement with the theme of the message and the need for cognition were considered as possible moderator variables. Results: It was observed that the informational message exerted significant indirect effects on the perceived effectiveness of the message, beliefs, and behavioral intention through the self-reference mechanism. In contrast, the narrative and mixed messages owed their persuasive effectiveness to emotional activation, narrative transport, and identification with the protagonist. Conclusions: This paper advances knowledge about persuasion and the most effective strategies to design campaigns to control body weight through the promotion of sleep hygiene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cardiovascular Diseases are the main cause of death in men and women. However, in females the prognostics are worse, which may suggest there is a different physiopathology for cardiovascular risk and diseases for males and females, despite this, women are underdiagnosed and underrepresented in studies on this matter. Objectives: To evaluate the cardiovascular risk in adult women residing at a city of Pernambuco's Zona da Mata. Materials and Methods: Cross-sectional study, in which were done socioeconomic, anthropometric evaluations, as well as cardiovascular risk prediction in women, which were grouped as: eutrophic, overweight obese, accordingly with the BMI. Data occurred between April and December 2022. Statistical analyzes were performed using the SPSS program, executing tests: Anova one-way, Kruskal-Wallis and Pearson's Chi-squared test, to obtain parametric data, non-parametric data and correlation, respectively. Results: 54 women were evaluated, of which 25,9% were classified as eutrophic (control group), 31,5% overweight and 42,6% obese. Socioeconomic classification was similar among all the groups, however the obese group presented higher levels of systolic and diastolic blood pressure; body fat percentage; and higher cardiovascular risk. Correlations between the rise of waist-hip ratio and Framingham's score were found. Conclusion: Our findings describe correlations between weight excess and the presence of modifiable cardiovascular risk factors, being able to infer that weight reduction may contribute to a decrease of cardiovascular diseases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: the development of specialised nutritional support techniques allows the maintenance of an adequate supply of nutrients in those patients in whom oral feeding is not possible or is insufficient in relation to their requirements, trying to improve the quality of life, especially in those with chronic diseases. Methods: single-center clinical study carried out in a clinical-nutritional center consisting of a medically supervised nasogastric-duodenal tube feeding treatment for overweight, obesity and increased body fat percentage in patients requiring it by means of duodeno-enteral feeding, expecting losses of more than 10 %. Results: twenty-nine patients completed the protocol (20.4 % male and 79.6 % female) with a mean age of 38 years (SD: 12.4); 87.2 kg (SD: 18.5) mean weight; 37.9 kg (SD: 4.8) mean iFat%; 32.4 (SD: 5.4) iMean body mass index (BMI); 100 cm (SD: 16.0) iMean waist; 113.6 cm (SD: 10.4) iMean hip; 33.8 cm (SD: 3.9) iMean upper arm circumference; 65.5 cm (SD: 7.5) iMean thigh circumference; 9.7 (SD: 4.8) iVisceral fat index; and 22.9 days (SD: 13.9) mean treatment. A mean of 22.9 (SD: 13.9) days of MESUDEFT influences weight loss, fat loss, visceral fat loss and decreased arm, hip and thigh circumferences (p < 0.05) (i: initial). Conclusions: MESUDEFT is shown to be an effective alternative as a sole treatment or as an adjunct prior to bariatric surgery for obesity or overweight treatment with a minimum of 10 % loss of BMI and fat mass at completion and 3-6 months follow-up. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Estudos demonstram que o sobrepeso/obesidade aumenta o risco de complicações maternas e neonatais, e o risco de diabetes mellitus gestacional (DMG), hipertensão arterial gestacional (HAG), pré-eclâmpsia, eclâmpsia, parto prematuro, dentre outros. Assim, o objetivo do presente trabalho foi analisar o perfil clínico-epidemiológico de uma amostra de gestantes com sobrepeso/obesidade de Sinop, Mato Grosso (MT), e aplicar um modelo computacional nestas gestantes a fim de estimular a prática de atividade física e a notificação dos sinais e sintomas por meio de um wearable device e chatbot. Trata-se de um estudo coorte prospectivo realizado na Escola Técnica Estadual de Sinop. As gestantes foram monitoradas através de exames de sangue, medições de peso e pressão arterial; além disso, foram estimuladas a realizar atividade física leve e orientadas quanto ao seu monitoramento através de um wearable device e chatbot. Os critérios de inclusão foram gestantes, atendidas por duas Unidades Básicas de Saúde de Sinop-MT, com gestação única e no segundo trimestre gestacional de março a maio de 2023. Os resultados demonstram que a maioria das gestantes tinham em média 26 anos, eram casadas, pardas, apresentavam sobrepeso/obesidade e eram sedentárias. As pressões arteriais estavam dentro dos valores de referência para pressão normal, e 7 apresentaram anemia, 4 apresentaram alterações hematológicas sugestivas de resposta inflamatória e 12 gestantes apresentaram infecção urinária. Quanto às complicações maternas e neonatais, 4 gestantes apresentaram DMG e 1 apresentou HAG, 1 neonato apresentou macrossomia e 1 era grande para a idade gestacional (GIG), sendo todos do grupo de sobrepeso/obesidade. Ainda, 94,4% das gestantes utilizaram o wearable device para o controle dos passos diários e/ou prática de atividade física, sendo registrados 2.938.468 passos em 800 registros, equivalente a uma média de 3.673 passos em cada registro contabilizado. Conclui-se, pois, que o aumento do IMC materno está intimamente relacionado com desfechos materno-fetais desfavoráveis com maior porcentagem de gestante que apresentaram DMG e HAG, e que o uso do wearable device foi efetivo em estimular a prática de atividade física e a notificação de sinais e sintomas.

Objetivo. Evaluar variables zoométricas en cerdos Landrace obesos intervenidos con la cirugía bariátrica experimental reloj de arena con derivación gastro-yeyunal (CBERADG-Y). Materiales y métodos. La evaluación se realizó en tres fases con 12 animales puros divididos en un grupo experimental y dos grupos control. Fase 1: inducción de obesidad alcanzada en 120 días. Fase 2: práctica de la cirugía experimental. Fase 3: evaluación de variables zoométricas [masa corporal (MC), longitud occipito-coccígea (L Occ-Co), diámetro abdominal (DA) e índice de masa corporal (IMC)] en los cerdos del experimento; comparando medidas al día cero, día 15 y día 30 entre grupos e intra-grupo. Resultados. Al final del estudio, el grupo experimental redujo la MC, el DA y el IMC sin afectar la L Occ-Co, mientras que los dos grupos control mantuvieron estables estas variables. Conclusiones. Pese a no existir diferencias significativas entre grupos, se logró estandarizar una cirugía bariátrica que influyó cuantitativamente sobre las variables zoométricas del grupo experimental.

Introducción. Las conductas alimentarias son rasgos que permiten el control o moderación de la alimentación. Objetivo. Analizar la relación que existe entre las conductas alimentarias de las personas adultas mayores con el sobrepeso y obesidad. Materiales y método. Este estudio se trata de una revisión integrativa empleando una búsqueda avanzada en cuatro bases de datos electrónicas (PudMed, EbscoHost, Web of Science y LILACS) en el que se emplearon los buscadores booleanos, así como descriptores MeSH y DeCS. Resultados y conclusiones. Se identificaron 973 artículos de los cuales se seleccionaron 8 que cumplieron con los criterios de inclusión. Los estudios arrojan la existencia de una relación entre las conductas alimentarias de los adultos mayores y el sobrepeso/obesidad, sin embargo, destacan otros factores que ocasionan la presencia de esta condición.

Introducción. La odontología, una profesión con elevados niveles de estrés, se asocia con una disminución en la calidad de vida y posibles riesgos para la salud bucal. Objetivo. Identificar el riesgo cariogénico a partir de los alimentos consumidos por estudiantes de odontología en la región Biobio. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo transversal con 178 estudiantes de odontología de la región del Biobio (Chile), cuyo análisis consideró la autoevaluación del estrés académico con el Inventario de Estrés Académico, riesgo cariogénico, a través de la Encuesta de Consumo de Alimentos Cariogénicos de Lipari y Andrade, y el índice glicémico se evaluó a partir de las Tablas Internacionales de Índice Glicémico. El análisis estadístico consideró la prueba Chi-cuadrado, siendo el tamaño del efecto determinado por la V de Cramer. Resultados. Los estudiantes tenían 22,2 ± 3,1 años. La prevalencia de sobrepeso u obesidad fue del 44.4% (n = 79), el 52.8% (n = 94) presentaba normopeso y el 2.8% (n = 5) tenía bajo peso. El 59.6% (n = 106) reportó un nivel de estrés bajo y el 57.8% (n = 103) tenía riesgo cariogénico medio. El análisis del riesgo cariogénico reveló diferencias significativas en la ingesta de 14 grupos de alimentos, destacando los ricos en azúcares. En el subgrupo con sobrepeso u obesidad, se observaron diferencias significativas en el consumo de leche, galletas, galletas de soda, caramelos y pastel dulce. Conclusión. Se encontró una asociación entre los alimentos ricos en azúcares, el estado nutricional y el riesgo cariogénico, mientras que los alimentos apetitosos se relacionaron con el estrés académico.

Introducción: El sobrepeso y la obesidad a causa del consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados es una problemática de salud pública, este tipo de alimentos tiene una alta densidad energética a diferencia de los alimentos autóctonos que brinda nutrimentos saludables como fibra, vitaminas y minerales. Objetivo: Describir el consumo de alimentos ultraprocesados y autóctonos en familias mayas con escolares que presentan sobrepeso u obesidad. Metodología: Estudio cuantitativo, descriptivo, observacional y transversal. Participaron 58 familias con al menos un escolar con sobrepeso u obesidad. Se aplicó el instrumento dieta habitual y frecuencia de consumo de alimentos y se clasificaron los alimentos en ultraprocesados y autóctonos. Todos los datos fueron analizados con estadística descriptiva con frecuencias y porcentajes. Resultados: 67.2 % contaba con educación secundaria, 89.7 % eran maya hablante y 15.5 % producía alimentos en la milpa. De los alimentos autóctonos incluidos en la dieta habitual predominó el tomate 63.8 %, chile habanero 46.6 %, frijol negro 44.8 %, y leche bronca 41.4 %. En los ultraprocesados los de mayor consumo fueron la tortilla 96.6 %, azúcar 77.7 %, aceite comestible 75.9 % y la masa 60.3 %. Conclusiones: Los alimentos ultraprocesados con alto contenido calórico y poco contenido nutricional han llegado incluso a zonas rurales, es fundamental promover y educar para la salud, así como ejecutar intervenciones para crear huertos familiares con el fin de obtener alimentos autóctonos que mejoren los hábitos alimentarios en escolares con sobrepeso u obesidad.

INTRODUCCIÓN: La Fundación Banco de Alimentos de Córdoba (FBAC) tiene como objetivo el recupero de alimentos y así evitar el desperdicio de los mismos. Los alimentos recuperados son entregados a organizaciones sociales beneficiarias (OSB)1. En la actualidad los principales beneficiarios de los servicios de alimentación son los niños, niñas y adolescentes (NNA)2. Desde el 2017, sus esfuerzos están en aumentar el recupero y la entrega de frutas y verduras1. OBJETIVO: determinar el estado nutricional y su consumo de frutas y verduras de NNA de 1 mes a 18 años, que asisten a OSB de la FBAC durante los años 2022-2023. MATERIAL Y MÉTODOS: estudio observacional de corte transversal realizado a 1533 NNA pertenecientes a 35 OSB. Se realizó una evaluación antropométrica y los diagnósticos nutricionales con tablas de la Sociedad Argentina de Pediatría3. En una primera instancia se realizó un análisis exploratorio de los datos a partir del cálculo de medidas resumen. Luego, se aplicó la prueba de Chi Cuadrado (95% de confianza) para valorar la asociación entre diagnóstico nutricional y la frecuencia de consumo de frutas y verduras. CONSIDERACIONES ÉTICAS: El trabajo cuenta con la aprobación del Comité de Ética de la Clínica Universitaria Reina Fabiola. La participación de los sujetos de estudio fue voluntaria, previa firma de consentimiento informado. El protocolo de estudio cumple con la declaración de Helsinki RESULTADOS: La media de edad de los NNA es 7,91 años (D.S ±3,83), de los cuales el 42% se encuentran en un peso saludable para la edad, 47% presenta sobrepeso u obesidad, y el 11% presenta malnutrición por déficit. El grupo etario que presenta mayor proporción de malnutrición por exceso es el de 7 a 12 años. Se encontraron asociación entre el diagnóstico nutricional de toda la muestra y la frecuencia de consumo de frutas (p=0,001) pero no así con la frecuencia de consumo de verduras (p=0,18). CONCLUSIONES: El estado nutricional de los NNA, reflejó altas proporciones de sobrepeso y obesidad. Como así también se demostró que el consumo de alimentos como frutas, influye en el estado nutricional de los beneficiarios.

Introdução: As Doenças Cardiovasculares (DCV) lideram o número de óbitos entre homens e mulheres. Contudo, em mulheres os prognósticos são piores, sugerindo haver fisiopatologia diferente para doenças e risco cardiovascular entre os sexos, ainda assim, mulheres são subdiagnosticadas e sub representadas em estudos sobre DCV. Objetivo: Avaliar o risco cardiovascular em mulheres em idade adulta em uma cidade da Zona da Mata de Pernambuco. Materiais e Métodos: Estudo transversal, realizado com mulheres adultas no qual foram investigadas variáveis socioeconômicas, antropométricas e de predição do risco cardiovascular. As mulheres foram subdivididas em grupos: eutrofia, com sobrepeso e obesidade conforme o índice de massa corporal. A coleta de dados ocorreu entre abril e dezembro de 2022. As análises estatísticas foram realizadas, pelo programa SPSS, sendo realizados os testes: Anova one-way, Kruskal - Wallis e correlação de Pearson, para dados paramétricos, não paramétricos e correlação, respectivamente. Resultados: Foram avaliadas 54 mulheres das quais 25,9% foram classificadas como eutróficas, 31,5% com sobrepeso e 42,6% com obesidade. O perfil socioeconômico foi semelhante entre os grupos, contudo, o grupo com obesidade apresentou índices elevados de: pressão arterial sistólica e diastólica; percentual de gordura corporal e maior risco cardiovascular. Também foram encontradas correlações entre o aumento da RCQ e o Escore de Framingham. Conclusões: Nossos achados descrevem correlações entre excesso de peso e presença de fatores de risco cardiovasculares modificáveis, podendo inferir que a redução do peso corporal contribua para a diminuição das doenças cardiovasculares.

Introducción: El síndrome de intestino irritable (sii) es común en México; es causa de disminución en la calidad de vida. La obesi-dad y sobrepeso se asocian con sii, no así el peso bajo o normal. Objetivo: Determinar la asociación entre la calidad de vida (cv) y el índice de masa corporal (imc) en pacientes con sii. Material y método: Estudio observacional, prolectivo, transversal, analítico, ingresaron 200 pacientes >18 años con criterios Roma IV de sii; se aplicó cuestionario de salud SF-36 e imc. Para el análisis es-tadístico se usaron frecuencias, porcentajes y medidas de ten-dencias central, según la distribución de datos; análisis inferencial mediante prueba de chi cuadrada, t de student. Resultados: La edad promedio en pacientes con buena cv fue de 48 años (19-87), mala 47 (14-77) p=0.150. Mujeres con buena cv fueron 81(75.7%), hombres 26(24.3%) p=0.072. Pacientes con buena cv e imc bajo fueron 2(1.9%), normal 36(33.6%), sobrepeso 35(32.7%) y obesi-dad 34(31.8%); mala cv con imc bajo fueron 1(1.1%), normal 27(29%), sobrepeso 35(37.6%) y obesidad 30(32.3%) p=0.827. Conclusión:El imc no se asoció a calidad de vida en pacientes con sii pese a que la mayoría padecía sobrepeso y obesidad

Foundation: cervical cancer emerges as a relevant concern, given its high incidence and impact on women's health, on a global scale. In recent years, in Ecuador, there has been an increase in new cases of cervical cancer. Objective: identify the relationship between some risk factors for cervical cancer according to the degrees of aggressiveness. Method: an observational, analytical and cross-sectional study was carried out. The population was made up of 224 patients from a hospital in the Amazon region of Ecuador. To identify the relationship between the variables age and body mass index, the analysis of variance test was used, while the X2 test was used for the variables: family history and smoking. Results: 3 patients with grade 1 of cervical cancer; 97 patients with grade 2 and 124 with grade 3, were identified. 62,05 % were 35 years old or older, 69,64 % of the patients were overweight or obese, 49,11 % had a family history of cervical cancer and 51,34 %, smoking. An association was found between the degree of aggressiveness of cervical cancer and body mass index (F = 3,440; p = 0,034), family history of cervical cancer (X2 = 10,618; p < 0,005) and smoking (X2 = 18,109; p < 0,001). Conclusions: a higher incidence of cervical cancer was found in women over 35 years of age. Factors such as body mass index, family history of cervical cancer and smoking showed a relationship with the grade of cancer.

Introdução: Indivíduos com sobrepeso (57,25%) e obesidade (22,35%) no Brasil é a população com maior risco de adquirir e desenvolver a forma mais grave da Covid-19. Objetivo: Apresentar estratégias de intervenção conservadoras não-farmacológicas utilizadas com indivíduos com sobrepeso e obesidade durante a Covid-19. Materiais e métodos: Como desfechos investigamos o efeito destas intervenções em aspectos como a massa corporal, o nível de atividade física, a qualidade de vida, os fatores emocionais (ansiedade e depressão), o sono, os hábitos alimentares e a relação social. Buscas nas bases de dados PubMed, Scopus, Scielo, Pedro e BVS foram realizadas, incluindo estudos de intervenção. Resultados: Entre os 4 estudos selecionados para a revisão, 3 foram considerados com boa qualidade metodológica. Dois estudos foram avaliados com baixo e um com alto risco de viés. Três estudos tem nível II de evidência. Conclusão: Apesar de poucos estudos selecionados, as intervenções conservadoras não-farmacológicas apresentadas, presenciais ou remotas, trouxeram significativos benefícios referentes à perda de peso corporal, ao aumento da força muscular e do nível de atividade física e melhora dos hábitos alimentares da população investigada.

Introdução: A adesão às recomendações de atividade física moderada a vigorosa (AFMV), o tempo de tela e a duração do sono têm sido associados a menores indicadores de adiposidade em crianças e adolescentes. Além disso, apesar das evidências sobre a relação entre sono, atividade física e comportamento sedentário como fatores importantes associados à promoção da saúde na infância, poucos estudos com o objetivo de identificar o comportamento de movimento em 24 horas como indicador de risco para a saúde cardiometabólica estão disponíveis em crianças. Objetivo: Descrever a proporção de crianças que atendem às recomendações das Diretrizes de Movimento das 24 horas (DM24h) e verificar associações com indicadores de sobrepeso/obesidade. Materiais e Métodos: Participaram deste estudo 129 crianças. A AFMV foi avaliada por acelerômetros, tempo de tela e de sono foram calculados por meio de relatos parentais. Foram utilizados o Índice de Massa Corporal (IMC) e Circunferência da Cintura (CC) como indicadores de sobrepeso/obesidade. O cumprimento da DM24h compreendeu ≥60min/dia de AFMV, ≤2h/dia de tempo de tela e 9-11h de sono por noite. As associações entre as DM24h e indicadores de sobrepeso/obesidade foram analisadas por meio de Modelos Lineares Generalizados ajustados para idade, sexo e nível socioeconômico. Resultados: Um total de 3,1% de todos os alunos atendeu às três recomendações sugeridas. Isoladamente, o não cumprimento das recomendações de AFMV e tempo de tela foram associados ao maior aumento dos valores médios de IMC e CC. Conclusão: O não cumprimento das recomendações das DM24h está associado ao sobrepeso e a obesidade.

Com o objectivo de Avaliar a prevalência da obesidade no município da Cela, província do Cuanza-sul Angola, utilizando a métodologia que melhor se adaptou de demodos a satifazer o estudo na recolha de dados, no qual foi utilizando guia de entrevista com perguntas abertas e fechadas, obtendo uma amostra de 1097 individuos todos residentes na comuna sede, onde 11,8% da população intrevistrada pertecem ao bairro Azul, 11,6% pertecente ao Bairro Moreno, 11,3% pertecente aos bairros Pecuária e Bairro valódia respectivamente, ao passo que o bairro do Tunga, Bairro Militar, Campo, Cidade, Bairro 5 representam cerca de 10% cadas. Da população inquirida, a maior representação da população de baixo peso consiste na faixa etária dos 11 á 20 anos para os três subgrupos, cujo 27,5% são género femenino e 33,9% são os masculinos. As idades compreendidas entre 11 á 40 anos de idades para o género feminino e dos 11 á 30 para o masculino apresentaram maior índice de sobre peso com 23,3% para o género feminino e 33,2% masculino com grande risco de doênça e 3,2% do género Feminino e 7,8% Masculino com elevado risco de doênça, desta feita, adolescente e jovens estão na ordem dos 88,99% com o baixo peso e 70,2 % com o excesso de peso. 26,6% do género Feminino e 23,7 % dos masculinos não praticam actividades físicas. O surgimento da obesidade na Cela, esta ligado aos hábito alimentar inadequada, o que justifica os 9,95% da população com baixo peso, 37,37% acima do peso.

Introdução e objetivo: Entre os diversos fatores de risco para o desenvolvimento das doenças crônicas não transmissíveis, como o diabetes mellitus, estão o envelhecimento, excesso de peso e hábitos de vida e alimentação inadequados. Este estudo objetivou realizar a avaliação nutricional de pacientes idosos com e sem diabetes atendidos em um ambulatório de nutrição. Materiais e métodos: Estudo longitudinal através da análise de prontuários da primeira e da última consulta. As variáveis analisadas foram: índice de massa corporal, circunferência da cintura, circunferência do pescoço, índice de conicidade, variação de peso, tempo e prática de atividade física, consumo alimentar, entre outras. As análises foram feitas no Stata 14.0®, com significância de 5%. Resultados: A maioria dos pacientes apresentou sobrepeso, risco aumentado para doenças metabólicas, sedentarismo e baixo consumo de alimentos considerados não saudáveis. Discussão: Estudos mostram que o controle do peso, melhora dos hábitos alimentares auxiliam na prevenção e no tratamento de doenças crônicas. Conclusão: A partir das melhoras significativas encontradas percebe-se a importância do acompanhamento nutricional e da adesão do paciente a novos hábitos de vida e de alimentação.

La circunferencia de cuello es una medida de fácil acceso y bajo costo, que podría ayudar a la identificación del sobrepeso u obesidad. Objetivo. Determinar la precisión diagnóstica de la circunferencia de cuello para la predicción de sobrepeso y obesidad en estudiantes universitarios mexicanos y analizar la correlación entre la circunferencia de cuello con otros indicadores antropométricos y la presión arterial como factor de riesgo cardiovascular. Materiales y métodos. Estudio transversal, analítico en 236 universitarios. Se realizaron mediciones antropométricas y presión arterial. Se realizaron análisis de las curvas ROC para obtener la sensibilidad y especificidad de los puntos de corte para la predicción de sobrepeso u obesidad y correlaciones de Pearson de circunferencia de cuello vs variables antropométricas. Resultados. Se observó, en hombres y mujeres, una correlación fuerte entre circunferencia de cuello y peso [r= 0,74 y r= 0,82 (p

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This article aims to highlight the effect of adiposity on reproductive function, emphasizing the immediate effect of some adipokines on ovarian function. Our methodology involved the bibliographic review of scientific articles. Our review provided an update concerning the prevalence figures for overweight and obesity in Mexico, and we highlight the effects of adiposity on regulating adipokines for ovarian function and reproductive health. Besides this, we reveal the benefits derived from making lifestyle changes. The results allow concluding that it is essential to publicize the repercussions of adiposity at the reproductive level and advocate the implementation of measures that promote healthy weight. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Prejudice and stigmatization are problems that are not linked to a particular society or culture, compromising the coexistence of two kinds of people: individuals who possess characteristics that can be evaluated as negative, and those who devalue people who possess such characteristics. In modern societies, what in some cultures was considered a positive virtue, today is seen as a stigma that comes from a negative stereotype. Being overweight implies being seen as a sick, negligent and inactive person, transcending the scope of what organic health is and conditioning those who are overweight to become part of a socially stigmatized group. The purpose of this investigation is to evaluate both the impact of the overweight observer's perception and the normal-weight observer's perception. In addition, it will be described the breadth of the problem as a modern social stigma. A total of 241 people who perceived themselves as being overweight and 215 people who considered themselves as being normal-weight participated in this research. Both groups answered instruments that measured prejudice against overweight people in two different versions: one focused on the perception of being prejudiced and the other focused on the perception of prejudicing against people with overweight. When it comes to discrimination, it was measured through self and heteronomous perception, as the case may be. It also looks for the existence of interpersonal abuse towards the stigmatized group as well as the proposed non-discrimination norms. As a consequence, the instrument measures two norms for confronting discrimination: the norm of equity, which seeks to equalize competence conditions between the groups, and the norm of equality, which aims to establish the same rules for everyone. The four specific strategies for coping with discrimination-related stress are: discrimination minimization, intra group comparison, attribution to discrimination, and selective disengagement. It is postulated that both stigmatized and stigmatizing groups will differ not only in their number, but also in the degree to which different perceptions of the phenomenon are presented. The results of our investigation are aligned with our hypotheses. The main analysis indicates a higher perception of being the object of subtle prejudice in overweight people (M = 2.70, SD = 1.12), while those who belong to the group of normal-weight (M = 2.30, SD = 1.11) outnumber the group of overweight people in terms of adherence to manifest prejudice and interpersonal abuse (t (454) = -3.92, p = .001). Both groups agree on focusing on equity, as a non-discrimination norm, in order to effectively confront discrimination and promote fair and respectful treatment (t (454) = 0.90, ns). A greater preference is observed in the focusing on equality, as the non-discrimination norm by the overweight group (F (1, 452) = 379.2, p = .001). They indicate that they wish, in order not to feel discriminated against, to be considered equal to normal weight people and that the same rules and conditions apply to them. Therefore, in relation to the stigmatized and stigmatizing groups, the differences shown are in all types of prejudice, even though the neutral point indicated a low score in prejudice. Nevertheless, in the stigmatizing group the average is higher in manifest prejudice and total prejudice, perceiving that they prejudice more of what is known as manifest prejudice. Alternatively, the stigmatized group indicates perceiving a greater reception of subtle prejudice. Finally, the stigmatizing group (normal weight people) claims to commit more interpersonal abuse than the stigmatized group perceives to be the object (t(454) = 8.12, p = .001). The stigmatized group (overweight people) (M = 3.99, SD = 0.88) declares that they use more the coping strategy of minimizing discrimination, unlike the stigmatizing people (M = 3.46, SD = 0.85), t(454) = -6.48, p = .001. The latter, on the other hand, mention that they use significantly more the strategies to cope with discrimination, such as those of attribution to discrimination and selective disengagement t(454) = 3.30, p = .001. These results are discussed to understand how a visible and controllable stigma is experienced, their potential consequences for intergroup relations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]