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6. Enkephalinases

Author

Gorenstein, C. and Snyder, S. H.

Published
1980

19. Abstracts

Author

Abdullah, Lubna H., Buchanan, K. D., Akopyan, T. N., Arzumanyan, A. M., Arutunyan, A. A., Berger, H., Oehme, P., Atkinson, M. E., Chaggar, J. S., Bailey, S. J., Featherstone, R. L., Jordan, C. C., Morton, I. K. M., Balfe, A., Skrabanek, P., Powell, D., Barja, F., Mathison, R., Huggel, H., Bittiger, H., Heid, J., Björkroth, Ulla, Rosell, Sune, Boyd, N. D., Anthony, M. P., Leeman, S. E., Briggs, I., Growcott, J. W., Jamieson, A., Tarpey, Ann V., Brodin, E., Meyerson, B. A., Brown, J. R., Hayes, A. G., Meecham, K. G., Tyers, M. B., Burcher, E., Bynke, G., Håkanson, R., Hörig, J., Cann, John R., Rahim, Iffat, Vatter, Albert, Stewart, John M., Cascieri, Margaret A., Liang, Tehming, Cheeseman, H. J., Pinnock, R. O., Henderson, G., Constantinidis, J., Bouras, C., Taban, C. H., Guntern, R., Couture, R., Cuello, A. C., Dalsgaard, C. -J., Jonsson, C. -E., Arvidsson, J., Risling, M., Hökfelt, T., Schultzberg, M., Vincent, S. R., Elfvin, L. -G., de Beaurepaire, R., Iversen, S. D., Delbro, D., Lisander, B., Fändriks, L., Andersson, S. A., Del Fiacco, M., Dessi, M. L., Levarvti, M. C., Del Rio, J., Naranjo, J. R., Domschke, S., Bloom, S. R., Adrian, T. E., Lux, G., Bryant, M. G., McGregor, G. P., Domschke, W., Donnerer, J., Barthó, L., Holzer, P., Lembeck, F., Skofitsch, G., Elliott, P. J., Bannon, M. J., Alpert, J. E., Ferri, G. -L, McGregor, G., Vezzadini, P., Labo, G., Polak, J. M., Fontaine-Perus, J. C., Chanconie, M., Foreman, J. C., Piotrowski, W., Fox, J. E. T., Daniel, E. E., Jury, J., Domoto, T., Berezin, I., Gaudino, G., Mondardini, L., Fasolo, A., Gazelius, B., Kahan, T., Panopoulos, P., Olgart, L., Gintzler, Alan R., Jaffe, Bernard M., Baron, Sheri A., GrÖnstad, K. O., Ahlman, H., Zinner, M. J., Jaffe, B. M., Yeo, C., Gu, J., Huang, W. M., lslam, K. N., Terenghi, G., Morrison, J., Güllner, H. -G., Haeusler, Guenther, Handelmann, Gail E., Selsky, Joyce H., Helme, R. D., White, D. M., Höfler, H., Heitzt, Ph. U., Auböck, L., Petsche, Ulrike, Lippe, Irmgard, Hylden, Janice L. K., Wilcox, George L., Inoue, Atsuko, Nakata, Yoshihiro, Segawa, Tomio, Jakubowska-Naziemblo, B., Potargowicz, E., Traczyk, W. Z., Cannon, D., Rohde, W., JancsÓ, G., Király, E., Karcsú, S., Szebeni, A., Bácsy, E., Jones, R. S. G., Olpe, H. -R., Wrightt, D. M., Jurna, I., Kerdelhué, B., Lenoir, V., Pasqualini, C., El Abed, A., Morel, G., Dubois, P., Hublot, P., Tartar, A., Klingmúller, D., Waltz, C., Kramer, H. J., Koop, H., Luster, W., Gropp, C., Havemenn, K., Arnold, R., Krause, James E., McKelvy, Jeffrey F., Krivoy, W., Couch, J., Strand, F., Leander, S., Folkers, K., Lee, C. M., Snyder, S. H., Lindberg, P., Dahlström, A., Lundberg, J. M., Lindefors, N., Ungerstedt, U., Liu-Chen, L. -Y., Liszczak, T., Mayberg, M. R., Moskowitz, M. A., Lundberg, Jan M., Saria, Alois, Brodin, Ernst, Martling, Claes-Roland, Hökfelt, Tomas, Lundblad, Lars, Änggård, Anders, McGeeney, K. F., O'Donnell, M. D., Blank, M. A., Manolas, K., Linger, W. G., Allen, J. M., Maggio, J. E., Sandberg, B. E. B., Bradley, C. V., Iversen, L. L., Santikarn, S., Williams, D. H., Hunter, J. C., Hanley, M. R., Magnusson, I., Thulin, L., Mandahl, Agneta, Bill, Anders, Manning, Maurice, Martensson, H., Akande, B., Stofer, P., Chappuis, G., Immer, H., Groog, P., Matthews, Margaret R., Connaughton, M., Moratalla, R., Nobin, Anders, Emson, Piers, Sundler, Frank, O'Donohue, T. L., Shults, C. W., Quirion, R., Moody, T. W., Chase, T. N., Otsuka, M., Konishi, S., Yanagisawa, M., Akagi, H., Otten, U., Rüegg, U. T., Pawlik, W., Konturek, S. J., Kania, J., Gustaw, P., Cosgrove, Patricia G., Pazoles, Christopher J., Priestley, J. V., Jensen, R. T., Pert, C. B., Regoli, D., Mizrahi, J., D'Orléans-Juste, P., Caranikas, S., Escher, E., Folkers, Karl, Rüegg, Urs T., Bishai, W. R., Saria, A., Rama Sastry, B. V., Jaiswal, Neelam, Tayeb, Osama S., Schultheiss, Hartmut, Hörig, Joachim, Scott, T. M., Shanahan, F., Befus, A. D., Fox, J., Denburg, J. A., Bienenstock, J., Sheppard, M. N., Kurian, S. S., Siegel, R. A., Weidenfeld, J., Globus, M., Melamed, E., Sjödin, L., Srivastava, G., Hall, Michael E., Suhar, A., Turk, V., Marks, N., Szkudlarek, U., Tarkkanen, A., Tervo, T., Tervo, K., Eränkö, L., Eränkö, O., Huang, W. -M., Morrison, J. F. B., Unger, W. G., Tessler, A., Himes, B. T., Murray, M., Goldberger, M. E., Torrens, Y., Beaujouan, J. C., Viger, A., Glowinski, J., Casanueva, F. F., Knuth, E., Havlicek, V., Friesen, H. G., Triepel, J., Weindl, A., Reinecke, M., Mader, J., Forssmann, W. G., Unger, Thomas, Becker, Hans, König, Manfred, Ganten, Detlev, Lang, Rudolf E., Vacca, L. L., Naftchi, N. E., Guan, X. -M., Ai, M. -K., Vijayan, E., Wang, Y. M., Mashford, M. L., Watson, Stephen P., Sandberg, Bengt E. B., Iversen, Leslie L., Weihe, E., Hartschuh, W., Kuchling, G., Winter, E. A., Keen, P., Yeo, C. J., Ylikoski, Jukka, Tervo, Timo, Tervo, Kaarina, Eränko, Liisa, and Cuello, Claudio

Published
1983
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20. The molecular basis of communication between cells.

Author

Snyder, Solomon H. and Snyder, S H

Subjects
*CELL communication, *CELLULAR signal transduction, *HORMONES, *NEUROTRANSMITTERS, *NEURAL physiology, *PITUITARY gland physiology, *ENDOCRINE gland physiology, *DRUGS, *ENKEPHALINS, *GASTROINTESTINAL hormones, *GLUCOCORTICOIDS, *SEX hormones, *INSULIN, *MENSTRUAL cycle, *NERVE tissue proteins, *NORADRENALINE
Abstract

Discusses the molecular basis of hormonal and neural communication between cells. Communication between special messenger molecules and specific receptors on target cell; Chemical classes of hormones; Use of unmodified amino acids as neurotransmitters; Importance of intercellular communication on the survival of multicellular organism.

Published
1985
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23. Photodynamic tumor therapy: mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors as a therapeutic target

Author

Verma, A., Facchina, S. L., Hirsch, D. J., Song, S. Y., Dillahey, L. F., Williams, J. R., and Snyder, S. H.

Subjects
Porphyrins, Photochemotherapy, Neoplasms, polycyclic compounds, Tumor Cells, Cultured, heterocyclic compounds, Receptors, GABA-A, Research Article, Mitochondria
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Photodynamic therapy employs photosensitive agents such as porphyrins to treat a variety of tumors accessible to light-emitting probes. This approach capitalizes on the selective retention of porphyrins by cancer cells. Cancer cells also have elevated levels of mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors which bind porphyrins with high affinity. METHODS: Cultured cancer cell lines were exposed to porphyrin and porphyrin-like compounds and then irradiated with light. Cytotoxicity of this treatment was measured via clonogenic assays. Mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptor pharmacology was studied using [3H] PK11195 binding to cancer cell homogenates and isolated kidney mitochondrial membranes. RESULTS: We show that therapeutic potencies of porphyrins correlate closely with affinities for mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors. Sensitivities of tumor cell lines to photodynamic therapy parallel their densities of these receptors. CONCLUSION: We propose that porphyrin photodynamic therapy is mediated by mitochondrial benzodiazepine receptors.

Published
1998

28. Nitric oxide-dependent penile erection in mice lacking neuronal nitric oxide synthase

Author

Burnett, A. L., Randy Nelson, Calvin, D. C., Liu, J. -X, Demas, G. E., Klein, S. L., Kriegsfeld, L. J., Dawson, V. L., Dawson, T. M., and Snyder, S. H.

Subjects
Male, Litter Size, Mice, Transgenic, In Vitro Techniques, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Mice, Reference Values, Isometric Contraction, Copulation, Animals, Ejaculation, Neurons, musculoskeletal, neural, and ocular physiology, Penile Erection, Muscle, Smooth, Stereoisomerism, Electric Stimulation, Rats, Isoenzymes, Mice, Inbred C57BL, Fertility, NG-Nitroarginine Methyl Ester, Enzyme Induction, Female, Nitric Oxide Synthase, circulatory and respiratory physiology, Research Article, Penis
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Nitric oxide (NO) has been implicated as a mediator of penile erection, because the neuronal isoform of NO synthase (NOS) is localized to the penile innervation and NOS inhibitors selectively block erections. NO can also be formed by two other NOS isoforms derived from distinct genes, inducible NOS (iNOS) and endothelial NOS (eNOS). To clarify the source of NO in penile function, we have examined mice with targeted deletion of the nNOS gene (nNOS- mice). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Mating behavior, electrophysiologically induced penile erection, isolated erectile tissue isometric tension, and eNOS localization by immunohistochemistry and Western blot were performed on nNOS- mice and wild-type controls. RESULTS: Both intact animal penile erections and isolated erectile tissue function are maintained in nNOS mice, in agreement with demonstrated normal sexual behaviors, but is stereospecifically blocked by the NOS inhibitor, L-nitroarginine methyl ester (L-NAME). eNOS is abundantly present in endothelium of penile vasculature and sinusoidal endothelium within the corpora cavemosa, with levels that are significantly higher in nNOS- mice than in wild-type controls. CONCLUSIONS: eNOS mediates NO-dependent penile erection in nNOS- animals and normal penile erection. These data clarify the role of nitric oxide in penile erection and may have implications for therapeutic agents with selective effects on NOS isoforms.

Published
1996

30. Clozapine: selective labeling of sites resembling 5HT6 serotonin receptors may reflect psychoactive profile

Author

Glatt, C. E., Snowman, A. M., Sibley, D. R., and Snyder, S. H.

Subjects
Binding Sites, Cell Membrane, Brain, Receptors, Muscarinic, Recombinant Proteins, Cell Line, Rats, Receptors, Dopamine, Rats, Sprague-Dawley, Radioligand Assay, Receptors, Serotonin, Animals, Humans, Clozapine, Research Article, Antipsychotic Agents
Abstract

BACKGROUND: Clozapine, the classic atypical neuroleptic, exerts therapeutic actions in schizophrenic patients unresponsive to most neuroleptics. Clozapine interacts with numerous neurotransmitter receptors, and selective actions at novel subtypes of dopamine and serotonin receptors have been proposed to explain clozapine's unique psychotropic effects. To identify sites with which clozapine preferentially interacts in a therapeutic setting, we have characterized clozapine binding to brain membranes. MATERIALS AND METHODS: [3H]Clozapine binding was examined in rat brain membranes as well as cloned-expressed 5-HT6 serotonin receptors. RESULTS: [3H]Clozapine binds with low nanomolar affinity to two distinct sites. One reflects muscarinic receptors consistent with the drug's anticholinergic actions. The drug competition profile of the second site most closely resembles 5HT6 serotonin receptors, though serotonin itself displays low affinity. [3H]Clozapine binding levels are similar in all brain regions examined with no concentration in the corpus striatum. CONCLUSIONS: Besides muscarinic receptors, clozapine primarily labels sites with properties resembling 5HT6 serotonin receptors. If this is also the site with which clozapine principally interacts in intact human brain, it may account for the unique beneficial actions of clozapine and other atypical neuroleptics, and provide a molecular target for developing new, safer, and more effective agents.

Published
1995

35. Climate Change and the Integrity of Science

Author

Gleick, P. H., primary, Adams, R. M., additional, Amasino, R. M., additional, Anders, E., additional, Anderson, D. J., additional, Anderson, W. W., additional, Anselin, L. E., additional, Arroyo, M. K., additional, Asfaw, B., additional, Ayala, F. J., additional, Bax, A., additional, Bebbington, A. J., additional, Bell, G., additional, Bennett, M. V. L., additional, Bennetzen, J. L., additional, Berenbaum, M. R., additional, Berlin, O. B., additional, Bjorkman, P. J., additional, Blackburn, E., additional, Blamont, J. E., additional, Botchan, M. R., additional, Boyer, J. S., additional, Boyle, E. A., additional, Branton, D., additional, Briggs, S. P., additional, Briggs, W. R., additional, Brill, W. J., additional, Britten, R. J., additional, Broecker, W. S., additional, Brown, J. H., additional, Brown, P. O., additional, Brunger, A. T., additional, Cairns, J., additional, Canfield, D. E., additional, Carpenter, S. R., additional, Carrington, J. C., additional, Cashmore, A. R., additional, Castilla, J. C., additional, Cazenave, A., additional, Chapin, F. S., additional, Ciechanover, A. J., additional, Clapham, D. E., additional, Clark, W. C., additional, Clayton, R. N., additional, Coe, M. D., additional, Conwell, E. M., additional, Cowling, E. B., additional, Cowling, R. M., additional, Cox, C. S., additional, Croteau, R. B., additional, Crothers, D. M., additional, Crutzen, P. J., additional, Daily, G. C., additional, Dalrymple, G. B., additional, Dangl, J. L., additional, Darst, S. A., additional, Davies, D. R., additional, Davis, M. B., additional, de Camilli, P. V., additional, Dean, C., additional, Defries, R. S., additional, Deisenhofer, J., additional, Delmer, D. P., additional, Delong, E. F., additional, Derosier, D. J., additional, Diener, T. O., additional, Dirzo, R., additional, Dixon, J. E., additional, Donoghue, M. J., additional, Doolittle, R. F., additional, Dunne, T., additional, Ehrlich, P. R., additional, Eisenstadt, S. N., additional, Eisner, T., additional, Emanuel, K. A., additional, Englander, S. W., additional, Ernst, W. G., additional, Falkowski, P. G., additional, Feher, G., additional, Ferejohn, J. A., additional, Fersht, A., additional, Fischer, E. H., additional, Fischer, R., additional, Flannery, K. V., additional, Frank, J., additional, Frey, P. A., additional, Fridovich, I., additional, Frieden, C., additional, Futuyma, D. J., additional, Gardner, W. R., additional, Garrett, C. J. R., additional, Gilbert, W., additional, Goldberg, R. B., additional, Goodenough, W. H., additional, Goodman, C. S., additional, Goodman, M., additional, Greengard, P., additional, Hake, S., additional, Hammel, G., additional, Hanson, S., additional, Harrison, S. C., additional, Hart, S. R., additional, Hartl, D. L., additional, Haselkorn, R., additional, Hawkes, K., additional, Hayes, J. M., additional, Hille, B., additional, Hokfelt, T., additional, House, J. S., additional, Hout, M., additional, Hunten, D. M., additional, Izquierdo, I. A., additional, Jagendorf, A. T., additional, Janzen, D. H., additional, Jeanloz, R., additional, Jencks, C. S., additional, Jury, W. A., additional, Kaback, H. R., additional, Kailath, T., additional, Kay, P., additional, Kay, S. A., additional, Kennedy, D., additional, Kerr, A., additional, Kessler, R. C., additional, Khush, G. S., additional, Kieffer, S. W., additional, Kirch, P. V., additional, Kirk, K., additional, Kivelson, M. G., additional, Klinman, J. P., additional, Klug, A., additional, Knopoff, L., additional, Kornberg, H., additional, Kutzbach, J. E., additional, Lagarias, J. C., additional, Lambeck, K., additional, Landy, A., additional, Langmuir, C. H., additional, Larkins, B. A., additional, Le Pichon, X. T., additional, Lenski, R. E., additional, Leopold, E. B., additional, Levin, S. A., additional, Levitt, M., additional, Likens, G. E., additional, Lippincott-Schwartz, J., additional, Lorand, L., additional, Lovejoy, C. O., additional, Lynch, M., additional, Mabogunje, A. L., additional, Malone, T. F., additional, Manabe, S., additional, Marcus, J., additional, Massey, D. S., additional, McWilliams, J. C., additional, Medina, E., additional, Melosh, H. J., additional, Meltzer, D. J., additional, Michener, C. D., additional, Miles, E. L., additional, Mooney, H. A., additional, Moore, P. B., additional, Morel, F. M. M., additional, Mosley-Thompson, E. S., additional, Moss, B., additional, Munk, W. H., additional, Myers, N., additional, Nair, G. B., additional, Nathans, J., additional, Nester, E. W., additional, Nicoll, R. A., additional, Novick, R. P., additional, O'Connell, J. F., additional, Olsen, P. E., additional, Opdyke, N. D., additional, Oster, G. F., additional, Ostrom, E., additional, Pace, N. R., additional, Paine, R. T., additional, Palmiter, R. D., additional, Pedlosky, J., additional, Petsko, G. A., additional, Pettengill, G. H., additional, Philander, S. G., additional, Piperno, D. R., additional, Pollard, T. D., additional, Price, P. B., additional, Reichard, P. A., additional, Reskin, B. F., additional, Ricklefs, R. E., additional, Rivest, R. L., additional, Roberts, J. D., additional, Romney, A. K., additional, Rossmann, M. G., additional, Russell, D. W., additional, Rutter, W. J., additional, Sabloff, J. A., additional, Sagdeev, R. Z., additional, Sahlins, M. D., additional, Salmond, A., additional, Sanes, J. R., additional, Schekman, R., additional, Schellnhuber, J., additional, Schindler, D. W., additional, Schmitt, J., additional, Schneider, S. H., additional, Schramm, V. L., additional, Sederoff, R. R., additional, Shatz, C. J., additional, Sherman, F., additional, Sidman, R. L., additional, Sieh, K., additional, Simons, E. L., additional, Singer, B. H., additional, Singer, M. F., additional, Skyrms, B., additional, Sleep, N. H., additional, Smith, B. D., additional, Snyder, S. H., additional, Sokal, R. R., additional, Spencer, C. S., additional, Steitz, T. A., additional, Strier, K. B., additional, Sudhof, T. C., additional, Taylor, S. S., additional, Terborgh, J., additional, Thomas, D. H., additional, Thompson, L. G., additional, Tjian, R. T., additional, Turner, M. G., additional, Uyeda, S., additional, Valentine, J. W., additional, Valentine, J. S., additional, van Etten, J. L., additional, van Holde, K. E., additional, Vaughan, M., additional, Verba, S., additional, von Hippel, P. H., additional, Wake, D. B., additional, Walker, A., additional, Walker, J. E., additional, Watson, E. B., additional, Watson, P. J., additional, Weigel, D., additional, Wessler, S. R., additional, West-Eberhard, M. J., additional, White, T. D., additional, Wilson, W. J., additional, Wolfenden, R. V., additional, Wood, J. A., additional, Woodwell, G. M., additional, Wright, H. E., additional, Wu, C., additional, Wunsch, C., additional, and Zoback, M. L., additional

Published
2010
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43. Serine racemase binds to PICK1: potential relevance to schizophrenia

Author

Fujii, K, primary, Maeda, K, additional, Hikida, T, additional, Mustafa, A K, additional, Balkissoon, R, additional, Xia, J, additional, Yamada, T, additional, Ozeki, Y, additional, Kawahara, R, additional, Okawa, M, additional, Huganir, R L, additional, Ujike, H, additional, Snyder, S H, additional, and Sawa, A, additional

Published
2005
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46. Nitric oxide synthase distribution in the enteric nervous system of Hirschsprung's disease.

Author

Vanderwinden, Jean-Marie, De Laet, Marc-Henri, Schiffmann, Serge N., Mailleux, Pierre, Lowenstein, C J, Snyder, S. H., Vanderhaeghen, Jean-Jacques, Vanderwinden, Jean-Marie, De Laet, Marc-Henri, Schiffmann, Serge N., Mailleux, Pierre, Lowenstein, C J, Snyder, S. H., and Vanderhaeghen, Jean-Jacques

Abstract

BACKGROUND: Hirschsprung's disease is characterized histologically by aganglionosis and functionally by impaired relaxation of the gut. Nitric oxide has recently been described pharmacologically as a major inhibitory mediator in the gut musculature in laboratory animals. The present study hypothesized that NO could be involved in motility disorders of the human gut. The aim was to study the neuronal enzyme synthetizing NO in the ganglionic and aganglionic human gut. METHODS: Reduced nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide phosphate-diaphorase histochemistry and immunohistochemistry with a specific polyclonal antiserum were used to examine NO synthase distribution in the enteric nervous system in six patients with Hirschsprung's disease and five control patients. RESULTS: NO synthase was selectively absent in the plexus area and in the musculature of the aganglionic segments, whereas moderate staining was observed in the hypertrophied nerve bundles in the submucosa. In contrast, in the ganglionic segment NO synthase was abundantly present, in a pattern similar to that of the normal colon. CONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest the involvement of NO in the physiopathology of Hirschsprung's disease., Journal Article, Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't, Research Support, U.S. Gov't, P.H.S., info:eu-repo/semantics/published

Published
1993

48. Journal Club

Author

Warner, David S., primary, Eliasson, M JL, additional, Sampei, K, additional, Mandir, A S, additional, Hum, P D, additional, Traystman, R J, additional, Bao, J, additional, Pieper, A, additional, Wang, Z-Q, additional, Dawson, T M, additional, Snyder, S H, additional, and Dawson, V L., additional

Published
1998
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49. Inositol trisphosphate and thapsigargin discriminate endoplasmic reticulum stores of calcium in rat brain

Author

Verma, A, Hirsch, D J, Hanley, M R, Thastrup, Ole, Christensen, Søren Brøgger, Snyder, S H, Verma, A, Hirsch, D J, Hanley, M R, Thastrup, Ole, Christensen, Søren Brøgger, and Snyder, S H

Abstract

ATP dependent Ca2+ accumulation into oxalate-loaded rat brain microsomes is potently inhibited by thapsigargin with an IC50 of 2 nM and maximal inhibition at 10 nM. Approximately 15% of the total A23187-releasable microsomal calcium store is insensitive to thapsigargin concentrations up to 100 microM. Inositol-1,4,5-trisphosphate (IP3) maximally inhibits 40% of the net Ca2+ accumulation by whole brain microsomes. Its effects are non-additive with thapsigargin suggesting that the IP3-sensitive Ca2+ pool is a subset of the thapsigargin sensitive Ca2+ pool. Marked regional differences occur in Ca2+ transport rates and sensitivity to both thapsigargin and IP3.

Published
1990

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