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本文分析了自纽伦堡以来专业会议口译中最大的范例性转变：远程同声传译（ISR）的中断。 首先，我们考虑了国际会议翻译协会（AIIC）今年发布的相关准则，欧盟SCIC今年发布的报告，以及对四个远程口译平台的评估结果。随后，我们要求与国际会议翻译组织协会(AIIC)等效的西班牙国际会议翻译协会(AICE)提交有关于远程同声传译的报告。此外，今年夏天，我们还请了西班牙标准化机构翻译服务委员会(CNT174)的两名成员，就标准化过程中发生的情况，当前的状况以及会议召开后的发展情况向在加拿大举行国际标准化组织提出了另一份关于远程同声传译的报告。 最后，我们通过向参与此过程的其他参与者提供有关远程同声传译的调查表来扩展信息，也就是说，这些代表包括：大会组织公司和口译员的雇主，提供远程口译服务的公司，远程口译中心以及口译音响设备供应商。

Although virtual reality (VR) shares common features with video games, it offers different experiences for users based on the mediums unique affordances. Still, there is no cohesive classification system for commercial VR applications. To account for this deficiency, the paper presents an exploratory comparative analysis of titles from the Steam digital store across three platform types: VR only, VR supported, and non-VR. We analyzed data from a subset of the most popular applications within each (N=141, 93, and 1217, respectively). These three classification types were academic game genres, developer defined categories, and user-denoted tags. Results identify the most common content classifications (e.g., Action and Shooter within VR only applications), the relative availability of each classification between platforms (e.g., Casual is more common in VR only than VR supported or non-VR), general platform popularity (e.g., VR only received less positive ratings than VR supported and non-VR), and which content classifications are associated with higher user ratings across platforms (e.g., Action and Music/Rhythm are most positively rated in VR only). These findings provide a novel snapshot of the state of VR applications and lay the foundation for future theoretical constructions of classification systems based on content, market, interactivity, sociality, and service dependencies.

Background aims Cell and gene therapy products (CGTPs) are anticipated to bring many benefits for the treatment of conditions with limited or no satisfactory treatment options. However, they are associated with concerns of potential safety risks because of their high complexity. The National Pharmaceutical Regulatory Agency (NPRA) of Malaysia took the first step toward the regulation of CGTPs by publishing the Malaysian Guidance Document and Guidelines for CGTPs in 2016. As mandatory registration and enforcement of CGTPs were scheduled to begin January 1, 2021, the aim of this study was to ascertain the industry's readiness for the regulation of CGTPs in terms of awareness of the guidelines, challenges and acceptance of the regulatory requirements. Methods The authors invited 48 CGTP companies to participate in the survey between October 2019 and June 2020, and 30 companies responded. Results The majority of respondents were aware of the mandatory CGTP regulatory control and the availability of the guidelines. Many CGTPs were in the early development phase, and the most difficult registration barriers were dossier preparation and compliance with the pre-clinical and clinical requirements. Conclusions These findings represent the current CGTP landscape in Malaysia from the industry's viewpoint, enabling the NPRA to implement initiatives to facilitate registration and enforcement.

This qualitative study explored the impressions of pregnant Canadian women toward Canada’s Food Guide (CFG) snapshot released in January 2019. Semi-structured interviews were conducted with 8 physically active pregnant women. Interviews were digitally recorded, transcribed verbatim, and analyzed using thematic analysis. Three themes emerged: (i) pregnancy changes what I eat; (ii) what is healthy to me? and (iii) a connection with people and food. Pregnancy was the primary factor influencing dietary changes, and messages in the snapshot reinforced some dietary behaviours that participants had already incorporated. Participants wanted information specific to pregnancy but were not aware of available resources pertaining to nutrition on existing websites. Dietitians and other health care professionals should take steps to raise awareness of and ensure wider dissemination of reliable resources on healthy eating during pregnancy including Canada’s Food Guide website.

This paper examines the experiences of 18 teachers in Wisconsin during the COVID-19 pandemic to address two questions: 1) What do teaching conditions look like during the COVID-19 pandemic? 2) How ...

We theorized that integrating student-led class activities would foster accountability and active learning in a graduate-level public health implementation science course. We used mixed methods to collect students’ feedback about two active-learning teaching techniques, wherein students were randomly selected to lead class discussions and deliver short, informal “snapshot” lectures. Students reported that both activities encouraged student initiative, engagement with the material, and completion of the assigned readings. However, students thought that the student-led discussions were more enjoyable, made the course more interesting, and contributed more to their learning. These techniques can stimulate active learning and student accountability in public health courses.

Background: To estimate the prevalence and impact of chronic edema (CE) in two Irish health care settings as part of LIMPRINT, an international study developed and co-ordinated by the International...

The article is devoted to the questions of cultural heritage preservation by creating the digital collection of book monuments. The original documents are monuments of book culture and their dilapidated state requires careful handling, splitting of documents for scanning is extremely undesirable. The market does not present the equipment for contactless scanning of books without embroidering, therefore an algorithm that allows digitalizing book monuments in a contactless way has been developed. The technique has been constructed using an algorithm based on the projection of the light grid on the object scanned. The authors propose a sequence of actions consisting of image processing and comparing the results between two images. The first snapshot determines the initial parameters of the grid; the second snapshot determines the actual distortion of the test snapshot. Subsequent mathematical processing allows getting scanned images without absence of geometric distortions of the scanned page due to the system of using the two-dimensional array of corrections. The application of the system has been modeled on the example of «The legend of the destruction of Siberian cities of Tara and Tyumen by the lesser Tatars / / Collection of moral stories, words, lives and other articles [hand.]». The evaluation parameters of the simulation result have been the following: text distinctness, absence of geometric distortions, color quality, uniformity of document scanning quality within a single book, etc., as checked and recognized as high by the experts.The experience described opens possibilities of book monuments digitization using the new algorithm. The development of the system is aimed at expanding the database of objects of material culture to be digitized, perfecting the software, improving the quality of digital images, as well as the capabilities of image recognition and search for the document itself and information it contains.

Over the last 18 months, the pandemic of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has had dramatic implications for education systems across the globe. At the peak of the crisis, 1.6 billion students fr...

Globally, technology is now a vital element of the school curriculum. Technology has changed the way children learn, and when teachers integrate technology into pedagogical practices, resources, and assessment it expands the way teachers teach. This paper explores how initial teacher education (ITE) programs across Australia position the Technologies Curriculum. It uses data provided at a symposium of teacher educators who deliver ITE in the use of technologies. The paper maps data from 32 universities, including primary, secondary, undergraduate and postgraduate programs. It also investigates the naming conventions of courses in these programs and exemplifies the student experience by providing three vignettes from three programs in three different states. The findings suggest that Technologies education in Australia is offered in many ways to pre-service teachers, thus the landscape of this teaching area is diverse. This paper contributes to the field in being the first research to explore how Australian universities teach Technologies within their ITE programs. It offers a snapshot of how technologies are positioned in Australian ITE programs.

Geoconservation is, at its foundation, a grass-roots movement with geoheritage represented by geosites containing the most scientifically significant and valuable geodiversity elements. Problems arise in the assessment and communication of inventory due in part to inconsistent and traditionally time-consuming, ‘snapshot’ assessments that are difficult to spatially monitor. The case study of kunanyi/Mount Wellington and the encompassing IUCN Category II Wellington Park Reserve (18,250 ha) (42°53′24″ S 147°13′48″ E, Tasmania, Australia) was chosen to explore the complexities of geosite and geodiversity site assessment, detection and communication. Using digital tools, we revised a 25-year-old snapshot inventory, configuring the ESRI ‘Collector for ArcGIS’ app for in-field data collection. Putative geosite and geodiversity site attributes were assessed for scientific value, potential touristic use, and potential educational use, using the Brilha (2016) method. Additional digital tools supported spatially accurate, engaging and interactive online inventory. Our findings suggested that many of the putative geosites in the park had low or moderate scientific values, but higher additional educational or touristic use values, especially in the urban-facing park zones. Though site degradation risk was low-moderate, sites in closer proximity to City of Hobart might experience additional impacts from visitation. The Wellington Park is a significant protected area that aims to tell an important story about the evolution of the periglaciated terrain and the endemic fauna and flora that depend upon it. In this sense, the possibility that not all putative geosites have high scientific value (and instead, might be better classed as geodiversity sites) is of limited concern, because the myriad geodiversity elements and additional value rankings (including 50% being highly ‘representative’ elements) provide an opportunity for all who visit the park to observe a coherent story about Tasmania in an easily accessible location. The opportunities realised in the creation of the digital inventory and assessment process remedy many issues that currently hamper practical Geoconservation, improving cost, consistency and standardisation of the inventory assessment and the quality of geotouristic and educational products. This digital approach could assist protected area managers and geoconservationists to monitor, protect and communicate inventory over the long-term.

Today, poverty is a crucial issue and has a great impact in social and economic development. Waqf (charitable endowment) is one of the sources of Islamic economic system, which refers to the voluntary charity. Waqf has a unique presence in Islam and could potentially alleviate poverty. It was reflected in the historical lesson since prophet Muhammad (PBUH) and his companions developed a system where rich people could donate their wealth for the society development. This concept, nowadays, is adopted by developing a Waqf system that integrates digital technology. Concerning on this issue, the present study aims to snapshot a poverty situation and portray the grand design of digital Waqf system in alleviating the poverty in Indonesia. Under the procedure of qualitative approach, this study employs document analysis and observation of all instruments related to Waqf. The results show that Waqf plays an important role in decreasing poverty in Indonesia. By utilizing digital platforms, the collection of Waqf funds is effective and widely spread to the Muslim community within the country. The results suggest that digital Waqf system has a crucial role and potentially contributes to the sustainable economic development of a developing country, particularly Indonesia. This study can be used in financial inclusion through the application of digital Waqf to alleviate poverty.

This special section is formed by 15 articles of outstanding quality that together comprise a snapshot of cutting edge automated machine learning (AutoML) research.

This review analyzes ideas and themes that emerged from Beyond Multiple Choice 2020 (BMC2020), the third iteration of an annual conference exploring the future of assessment. Taking place online due to restrictions surrounding COVID-19, BMC2020 attracted speakers and delegates from across the globe, representing various facets of the assessment industry. Altogether, the presentations compiled a bird's-eye snapshot of challenges and opportunities for advancing assessment to better meet 21st-century training and education needs.

The COVID-19 pandemic had a far-reaching impact on community colleges. When many campuses closed, students lost the academic and other resources available to them, including financial aid offices. ...

The RETAINER Collaborative Group reports the impact of COVID-19 on international elective inguinal hernia practice.

Introduction: The EU strategy “Europe 2020” sets up the instruments and targets for better educational levels and training as social dialogue, awareness-levels raising, law enforcement in the field of EU and national legislation. There are efficient resource interactions with other policy areas such as public health and education. EU funds, such as the European Social Fund (ESF) and the European Program for Employment and Social Innovation (EaSI), will support the application of rules relating to health and safety at work. Purpose of this study is analysis and evaluation of the employees, knowledge about health and safety at the workplace and how effective were the conducted OHS training. Tasks: Defining the level of awareness of workers for possibilities of health damage at work. Measuring the level of OSH training support for the implementation of preventive approaches to health protection in the workflow. Studying the preliminary psychological attitude towards OHS training both for employers and employees. Method: Survey through a questionnaire held among workers and employees in several branches of the private sector. Results: The study provides summarized information on several subjects: workers’ knowledge about dangerous hazards in their own working environment; adherence of the safety at work rules; proper use of personal protective equipment and specific work protective equipment; types of training, outreach and education the employees have undergone; levels of basic knowledge of the law and regulations related to OHS; most common methods of OHS training and education and their interpretation for safety and health at work. Conclusions: Most workers are well aware of the health risks at their workplaces. All of them have passed at least one educational course related to OHS. More than 2/3 of the respondents have participated in several types of training. Workers have a basic knowledge of Bulgarian employment law, but it’s incomplete and can be extended to a better degree. The most common reason for participating in Health and Safety at work training is obligatory both by law or higher management of the company. There is a high need to supplement the OHS legislation.

The importance of prototyping is unanimous with numerous studies into the media, types, roles and properties of prototypes. However, no recent papers have sought to examine and characterise industry practice and if and how this has changed since the early 2000s.To address this, a snapshot of industrial prototyping practice with particular attention to the what, when, why, how, and by whom is reported. The study involved five small-medium sized design companies based in the South-West of the UK and validation of the findings by two independent practitioners.The snapshot revealed that 3D printing and virtual prototyping tools have reached widespread adoption in SMEs,that their design processes are highly agile and iterative and are difficult to fit to any extant design process model.Rather, the approaches appear to implicitly comprise of three levels of design convergence: macro, meso, and micro, which correspond to finer/more detailed changes.The results also reveal the frequent transitions between digital and physical media and the need to manage these transitions to ensure the product representations in different media are appropriately up-to-date.

Camera traps - remote cameras that capture images of passing wildlife - have become a ubiquitous tool in ecology and conservation. Systematic camera trap surveys generate ‘Big Data’ across broad spatial and temporal scales, providing valuable information on environmental and anthropogenic factors affecting vulnerable wildlife populations. However, the sheer number of images amassed can quickly outpace researchers’ ability to manually extract data from these images (e.g., species identities, counts, and behaviors) in timeframes useful for making scientifically-guided conservation and management decisions. Here, we present ‘Snapshot Safari’ as a case study for merging citizen science and machine learning to rapidly generate highly accurate ecological Big Data from camera trap surveys. Snapshot Safari is a collaborative cross-continental research and conservation effort with 1500+ cameras deployed at over 40 eastern and southern Africa protected areas, generating millions of images per year. As one of the first and largest-scale camera trapping initiatives, Snapshot Safari spearheaded innovative developments in citizen science and machine learning. We highlight the advances made and discuss the issues that arose using each of these methods to annotate camera trap data. We end by describing how we combined human and machine classification methods (‘Crowd AI’) to create an efficient integrated data pipeline. Ultimately, by using a feedback loop in which humans validate machine learning predictions and machine learning algorithms are iteratively retrained on new human classifications, we can capitalize on the strengths of both methods of classification while mitigating the weaknesses. Using Crowd AI to quickly and accurately ‘unlock’ ecological Big Data for use in science and conservation is revolutionizing the way we take on critical environmental issues in the Anthropocene era.

Are green goals and eco-sensitivity manifestations of delusional human exceptionalism? In this paper I grapple with the question of why/if humans should/must address environmental issues (both local and global) created or exacerbated by human activity. This question can be framed in terms of (a) whether human activity is as natural as that of other organisms and carries with it similar responsibilities, and (b) whether our activity, natural or not, matters in the very long term. It is a consideration of our responsibilities to ourselves, future generations, other organisms, and the earth itself. The recently published A Book of Ecological Virtues: Living Well in the Anthropocene is explored as it challenges the author of this article to confront these issues and their bearing on his and others’ behaviors and actions vis a vis the earth and its inhabitants. (Inuktitut translation generously provided by Brenda Amaklak Putulik)

This study explored the educational and employment profiles and the psychosocial wellbeing of 65 Australian adults with dyslexia. Participants were also asked about their age at diagnosis of dyslex...

The term ‘impact’ is everywhere. Organizations and individuals want to fund projects for impact, measure impact, and showcase the impact of effort, expertise and financial investment, but clear def...

The burden of ectoparasitic infestations is aggravated by the lack of vaccines and the inability to prevent the most serious vector-borne infections. This makes the administration of effective and safe ectoparasiticide drugs vital for prevention and treatment. However, adverse clinical consequences of treatment with ectoparasiticides affect many companion animals in the UK each year. In this study, information about the frequency of adverse drug events associated with the use of some ectoparasiticides in dogs and cats was collected, from data obtained from The National Office of Animal Health compendium datasheets and data available from published studies. Different ectoparasiticides were associated with different prevalences and types of adverse dermatological, gastrointestinal and neurological events. The heterogeneity between studies and the lack of field safety data for some products precludes head-to-head comparison of adverse events associated with ectoparasiticide treatment between studies. Therefore, caution should be exercised about making any conclusions when comparing ectoparasiticides. However, the data indicated an association between ectoparasiticide treatment and adverse events and demonstrated that this association can vary across different drug administration routes and classes. The low number of observations of the adverse drug events, relative to the number of administered doses, confirms that the health benefits of ectoparasiticides far outweigh the potential risks associated with their use. Further research is required on how adverse drug events can be predicted and prevented.

This preliminary mixed methods study utilized an online survey and phone interviews to examine the benefits, challenges and user experience of farmers utilizing hydroponic shipping container farms (HSCFs). Due to the novelty of this crop production method, and thus the relatively small number of commercial farmers adopting this technology, 12 commercial HSCF businesses, of 46 identified online and via social media, participated in this study. Because population size was small, and 11 of the 12 farms had been in business a very short amount of time (two years or less), the following results are preliminary. The results showed that HSCFs gave farmers the ability to produce locally, sustainably and in new areas. Seventy-five percent of the farmers (n = 9) strongly agreed or agreed that the HSCF helped their farm become more productive, did everything they expected it to do and was efficient. Most participants were satistifed (n = 8; 66.7%) with their HSCFs; one was very satisfied (8.3%), while others were neutral (n = 1; 8.3%) and dissatisfied (n = 2; 16.7%). Participant expectations were most met regarding incorporation of technology, reduced resource use and efficiency; however, 50.0% of the farmers (n = 6) disagreed or strongly disagreed that the HSCF was profitable. Some farmers reported that HSCFs are efficient in production, although their units were not as productive and profitable, nor as user friendly as they expected. Regarding HSCF challenges, power usage and startup costs were ranked most highly, while finding labor was the least challenging. Following phone interviews with three profitable farmers, it was revealed that their success was due to growing local food that was in demand by their community. While this study identified several challenges of HSCFs, this technology may have benefits, for example in areas with limited arable land and water resources, and may offer some farmers a way to be profitable, especially by tapping the growing consumer demand for local produce.

In the midst of a global pandemic in spring 2020, physical chemistry faculty gathered to share strategies and resources for teaching remotely. During this conversation, instructors created a shared document compiling the challenges they faced in spring 2020 and ways to improve teaching and learning in the physical chemistry classroom and laboratory when institutions reopened in the fall. We present a content analysis of the shared document that provides a snapshot of physical chemists’ thoughts at that moment in June 2020. The themes that emerged from our analysis are assessment, choice of learning objectives, course management, opportunities, resources, student motivation, and wellbeing. We have summarized the numerous strategies, resources, and implementation ideas that were shared by participants, many of which we believe will remain in use when traditional in-person instruction resumes. Finally, the conversation connected physical chemists, strengthening our community. Continued community engagement has occurred through further synchronous conversations, asynchronous conversations on our Slack workspace, and the creation of the repository PChem Inspired Pedagogical Electronic Resource (PIPER).

Purpose of the study: This paper reveals the feelings and experiences of the researcher regarding the transition from a familiar to an unfamiliar context and understanding the concept of 'independent learners and 'independent learning' throughout a one-year MA in the University of Southampton, UK. Methodology: Written in the form of a narrative by employing a diary, this article presents a brief account (a snapshot) of the researcher’s journey, which includes the struggles, gains, and losses during survival as a novice independent learner who had come from a completely different culture and educational setting. Main findings: The study concludes that training (guiding and facilitating) novice independent learners and developing their metacognitive awareness about ‘independent learning’ might help in empowering and producing efficient independent learners. Applications of this study: The paper proposes some useful suggestions for the teachers and educators in learner training, based on and limited to the researcher’s observations and experiences. Novelty/Originality of this study: Based on the theory regarding meta-cognitive awareness and discussing it as a vital part of learner training and the significant role that it plays in dealing with the challenges of independent learning

Despite a rise in the observed prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children, few estimates exist of the share of US outpatient mental health treatment facilities that provide services for children with autism spectrum disorder. We identified key facility- and county-level characteristics in offering mental health care for children with autism spectrum disorder. This study utilized a secret shopper telephone survey to contact almost all outpatient mental health treatment facilities in the contiguous United States. We estimated multivariable regressions to examine county- and facility-level predictors of offering services for children with autism spectrum disorder. We found that 50.3% of 6156 outpatient facilities reported offering care for children with autism spectrum disorder. Non-metro counties, counties with a lower percentage of non-White residents, counties with a higher percentage of uninsured residents, and counties with a higher poverty rate had fewer outpatient mental health treatment facilities providing care for children with autism spectrum disorder. Facilities accepting Medicaid as a form of payment, offering telehealth, and private for-profit facilities were more likely to provide services for children with autism spectrum disorder. Only half of outpatient mental health treatment facilities offered care for children with autism spectrum disorder, and both rural and lower socioeconomic status counties were less likely to have a facility offering care for children with autism spectrum disorder. Lay abstract There has been a rise in the observed prevalence of autism spectrum disorder among children. Existing studies show the share of counties with a treatment facility that offers care for children with autism spectrum disorder. However, no estimates exist of the share of US outpatient mental health treatment facilities that provide services for children with autism spectrum disorder. We identified key facility-level characteristics in offering mental health care for children with autism spectrum disorder. We used a telephone survey to contact almost all outpatient mental health treatment facilities in the contiguous United States. We asked the facilities if they provided mental health care for children with autism spectrum disorder. We took the results of this survey and estimated multivariable regressions to examine county- and facility-level predictors of offering services. We found that over half (50.3%) of the 6156 outpatient facilities reported offering care for children with autism spectrum disorder. Non-metro counties, counties with a lower percentage of non-White residents, counties with a higher percentage of uninsured residents, and counties with a higher poverty rate had fewer outpatient mental health treatment facilities providing care for children with autism spectrum disorder. Facilities accepting Medicaid as a form of payment, offering telehealth, and private for-profit facilities were more likely to provide services for children with autism spectrum disorder. Because only half of outpatient mental health treatment facilities offer care for children with autism spectrum disorder, public health officials and policymakers should do more to ensure that this vulnerable population has access to mental health services.

This study acoustically analyses the vowel space of adult New Zealand English speakers from a predominantly Pasifika suburb in Auckland (Papatoetoe). These speakers (n = 13) are compared to two equivalent groups from non-Pasifika Auckland suburbs, Mount Roskill (n = 14) and Titirangi (n = 6). All participants are New Zealand English speakers aged 16–25. There were equal numbers of male and female participants. For the acoustic analysis vowels with sentence stress were identified and extracted and formant values were calculated at the vowel target. This study looks at over 8000 monophthongs and 4000 diphthongs. The study found minimal differences between speakers from different suburbs, but all groups had notable differences from the traditional New Zealand English (NZE) vowel space. These differences align with previous comments regarding the vowels of Pasifika New Zealand English. The paper concludes by contemplating what these results say about Pasifika New Zealand English and New Zealand English in Auckland.

COVID-19 has had a profound effect on higher education institutions across the world. The rapid shift to blended teaching has meant changes to ways of teaching and learning. Author One (Australia) and Author Two (New Zealand) are tertiary academics in initial teacher education programmes. In this paper, they draw on narrative enquiry as a way to tell their stories of how they had to rapidly move from of face-to-face teaching to an emergency situation of online (cloud) teaching and learning. Through shared reflection, they offer a snapshot of their lived experience teaching music education, managing students and staff. In the findings, they discuss key challenges and opportunities they encountered in relation to student participation and engagement, teaching and learning, and wellbeing. Staying connected with each other across the Tasman Sea, using email and Zoom were important forms of providing mutual support that contributed positively to their sense of wellbeing as academics during this stressful time. They contend that universities need to consider the more human aspect of changes that have impacted staff and students. They question what the future will hold for initial teacher education programs post 2020. They suggest working collaboratively with schools, professional organisations, and industry when designing new programmes as the landscape of higher education changes due to the ongoing pandemic.

This special issue marks the 100th anniversary of the founding of the Liverpool Tidal Institute (LTI), one of a number of important scientific developments in 1919. The preface gives a brief history of how the LTI came about and the roles of its first two Directors, Joseph Proudman and Arthur Doodson. It also gives a short overview of the research on tides at the LTI through the years. Summaries are given of the 26 papers in the special issue. It will be seen that the topics of many of them could be thought of as providing a continuation of the research first undertaken at the LTI. Altogether, they provide an interesting snapshot of work on tides now being made by groups around the world.

We present snapshot hyperspectral light field tomography (Hyper-LIFT), a highly efficient method in recording a 5D ( x , y , spatial coordinates; θ , φ , angular coordinates; λ , wavelength) plenoptic function. Using a Dove prism array and a cylindrical lens array, we simultaneously acquire multi-angled 1D en face projections of the object like those in standard sparse-view computed tomography. We further disperse those projections and measure the spectra in parallel using a 2D image sensor. Within a single snapshot, the resultant system can capture a 5D data cube with 270 × 270 × 4 × 4 × 360 voxels. We demonstrated the performance of Hyper-LIFT in imaging spectral volumetric scenes.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive dysfunction is prevalent in multiple sclerosis (MS) and can have a negative effect on several aspects of the daily lives of individuals with MS. In 2010, members of the Consortium of Multiple Sclerosis Centers (CMSC) were surveyed to understand MS clinicians’ screening, assessment, and treatment practices for cognitive problems. Given the advancements made in the field in the past decade, it was deemed time to reevaluate how cognitive dysfunction is managed in the clinical setting. METHODS: An online questionnaire was completed by 56 CMSC members. They were asked to describe their clinical practices, procedures for screening and further evaluation, and treatment recommendations for cognitive dysfunction. Participants were also asked whether their practice had changed in terms of the number of cognitive screenings, prescriptions for cognitive problems, and referrals for neuropsychological assessment and cognitive remediation in the past 5 years to allow for clinicians who had not been in practice for 10 years. RESULTS: Participants reported an increase in the number of cognitive screenings and referrals for neuropsychological assessments and cognitive remediation during the past 5 years. Compared with 2010, participants endorsed greater use of person-administered screening measures, such as the Symbol Digit Modalities Test, and fewer prescriptions for medications to improve cognitive functioning. CONCLUSIONS: Clinical practices are becoming more in line with the literature, with increased use of cognitive screening and remediation. Continued attention to cognitive problems will be an ongoing important component of MS-related care.

BACKGROUND: A contributing factor to the higher unemployment rates of adults with disabilities is the limited opportunities to gain insight into employment options. Assessments are often used to learn a job seekers skills, preferences, and support needs. Situational assessments in real work settings create hands-on experiences with a variety of work tasks and work environments which better inform the employment choices of job seekers. METHODS: This article explores situational assessments and introduces a tool designed for the employment support professional conducting the assessment to capture information necessary to make more informed employment choices. RESULTS: This article defines situational assessments while introducing a person-centered tool to support employment support professionals to effectively document and analyze the observations of each situational assessment.

Using a combination of ethnography, empirical measures of microtiming between rhythm-section musicians and ethno/musicological analyses, this article examines and measures groove in three real-world performances of the popular dance tradition of Cuban son and salsa. The findings paint a complex picture of groove that is shaped by rhythmic-harmonic structure, shared concepts of timing, individual preferences, group dynamics and rhythmic interactions between musicians as they work together to negotiate a groove with the ‘correct’ feel. Microtiming analyses produce a snapshot of how rhythmic timing relationships are ‘played out’ between musicians in live performances and provide quantitative measures of the level of synchrony and separation within the rhythm section. They also suggest that microtiming is influenced by certain metric locations within the rhythmic-harmonic structure, particularly those locations that anticipate harmonic changes and mark the beginning of repeated rhythmic-harmonic sequences.

The activism efforts of Latinx students from the 1960s to 1990s at Michigan State University preceded the current resources available to Latinxs on campus today. Guided by transformational resistance, university library archival sources are used to showcase various activism efforts demonstrated by these collegians. Some include a grape purchasing boycott, a sit-in, and a massive library book check-out protest, which all collectively played salient roles in the development of transformational changes for Latinx students. Recommendations from the findings are provided to advance future research and practice for institutional agents in working for and alongside student activists versus against them.

The purpose of the study is to present a snapshot of big data academic research in accounting and finance, and to highlight the applications in the organization. The analysis is conducted through information provided by Scopus in the period 2016-2020. Relevant literature is identified and sampled to derive a taxonomy of topics, which are studied from the perspective of a taxonomy of topics. These topics are studied from a quantitative perspective by identifying the volume of scientific production in different parameters such as year of publication, area of knowledge, author or authors, and qualitative by highlighting the analysis of the position shown by different research papers referring to the topic related above. This will help to answer the research question How is the accounting and financial practice and research through the analysis of Big data in the period 2016-2020?

Purpose The non-material benefits which people derive from ecosystems, cultural ecosystem services (CES), can be difficult to measure and quantify. This study aims to demonstrate the usefulness of social media analysis. Design/methodology/approach The widespread use of social media applications has provided a novel methodology for obtaining crowd-sourced data, which can reveal patterns in how social media users interact with urban greenspace and participate in place-making activities. This study explores how urban trees are represented in images tagged with the city of Bolzano, Italy, and uploaded over the course of a year to the image-sharing application Instagram. Findings A third of all the images contained some elements of green nature, with 3.1% of the images portraying urban trees as the main subject and 11% with urban trees as background features. Seasonal preferences for winter and summer scenes emerged. Accompanying text, in the form of hashtags and image descriptions, was mostly positive and showed how enthusiastically people describe urban nature. An assessment of the images in terms of CES revealed that beyond aesthetic factors and the inspiration to take photographs of nature, a wide range of CES are represented, reflecting the recognition of the benefits of urban trees by Instagrammers. The collection of images provided a unique snapshot of the city of Bolzano. Practical implications This reinforces the importance of urban trees within planning policy for providing sense of place, recreation and stress relief for residents and tourists. Originality/value The study builds on recent advances in social media research, focussing on the important field of urban CES.

Objectives Proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) have become one of the most frequently prescribed drugs since their introduction 30 years ago. Effectiveness and safety profile of PPIs has led to their overutilization and has exposed patients to a number of potential risks. The objective of this study was to evaluate the use of PPIs in a secondary care hospital in the United Arab Emirates. Methods This prospective observational drug-utilization study was conducted in patients receiving treatment with PPIs and admitted to internal medicine wards of the study site. Electronic patient case records were reviewed and data on PPI prescribing was collected and analysed. Appropriateness of PPI use was assessed as per international guidelines. Key findings Out of 172 patients enrolled, 53.5% were females with median age of 57 years (34.3, 71.0). Four different PPIs were prescribed to study patients, pantoprazole (86.6%), esomeprazole (5.8%), rabeprazole (4.1%) and omeprazole (3.5%). Ninety-two (53.5%) patients were prescribed intravenous PPI, whereas 80 (46.5%) patients were given PPI in oral form. Overall, 103 (59.9%) patients had inappropriate PPI prescriptions. Of these inappropriate prescriptions, 22 patients had no clear indication for PPI use and for 16 patients; PPIs were indicated for stress ulcer prophylaxis in low-risk category. Corticosteroid use [odds ratio (OR): 4.34, 95% confidence interval (CI): 1.22–15.46; P = 0.023] was significantly associated with greater odds of inappropriate PPI use. Conclusions We report a high prevalence of inappropriate PPI prescribing among the hospitalized patients in our study. Inappropriate PPI prescribing is a concerning issue and collective efforts should be made to check and minimize the same.

This extensive volume of essays offers a multidisciplinary and authoritative snapshot of postcrisis, post-15-M Spain and constitutes essential reading for scholars working on contemporary Spain. As...

Currently we find greater inclusion of people with functional diversity at university; however, the attitude and training of university professors is found to be the main barrier. The objective of ...

In addition to selecting a “greatest hit” and a “hidden gem,” here, Sreemati Mitter provides readers with a broad overview of Journal of Palestine Studies (JPS) content on the topic of capitalism i...

Three US professors discuss the challenge of teaching the study of religion within a higher educational setting marked by institutional and student ambivalence. Professors Matthew Baldwin (Mars Hill College), Kevin McGinnis (Stonehill College and Post University), and Leslie Dorrough Smith (Avila University) joined Richard Newton (Editor, Bulletin for the Study of Religion) for a conversation on this challenge, expressing frustrations and sharing tips. The exchange took began at the start of the Spring 2020 semester, paused during the spring recess in response to the COVID-19 pandemic, and resumed at the end of the term, offering a snapshot of the day’s challenges.

The editors of the Journal of World Christianity invited the author to offer an Orthodox reply to four ecumenical responses (Catholic and Protestant) to the historic 2016 Holy and Great Council held on the island of Crete. Written from both a theological and phenomenological perspective, this evaluation serves as a “snapshot in time” regarding the unprecedented significance of this extraordinary event. Furthermore, responses called attention to some major issues that diverse groups of Christians are facing today, vis-à-vis one another, and especially regarding the Orthodox Church.

This article is a snapshot in time of how the COVID pandemic has affected hospital and academic librarians. This story tells how health sciences and hospital libraries have adjusted and continue to...

The article explores the linguistic landscape (LL) of Itaewon, a former American military “camp town” in Seoul, by providing a snapshot of its conflicting portrayals. With the LL serving as a criti...

During the Covid-19 pandemic, nurses who served as frontline healthcare providers are experiencing issues with extreme workload demand and under-provision of protective resources. This study aims to understand nurse readiness for the Covid-19 pandemic in Indonesia. The study uses a qualitative phenomenology approach with purposive sampling. Participants were recruited from the regional hospital in East Java, Indonesia. The criteria of participants were nurses who worked face-to-face with Covid-19 patients from various wards. The total sample size is 20 participants. In-depth interviews were conducted to gather the data, which was analyzed using Colaizzi’s phenomenological method. Five themes emerged: (1) fear of getting infected; (2) PPE adequacy supply; (3) unclear patient distribution flow; (4) nurse supporting ecosystem; (5) education and training in infectious diseases. The evaluation of nurses’ readiness concerned their knowledge, the supply of safety equipment, and support from various ecosystems. Nurses were concerned about various elements including catching the disease themselves, adjusting to the environment and new work procedures, physical discomfort due to special protective equipment, witnessing the suffering and death of patients, and long-term separation from family members. They need an integrated support system to help them fighting Covid-19. Attention from fellow nurses who help each other in crises, family support, and institution support are the support systems that determine the readiness of nurses. Keywords: covid-19, nurse readiness, pandemic, qualitative study

The authors are grateful to the best paper committee of VMV 2019 for recommending the original paper [AFTH19] to Computer Graphics Forum and providing us with an opportunity to present this extended work. This work was supported by King Abdullah University of Science and Technology as part of VCC center baseline funding. Masheal Alghamdi is supported by King Abdulaziz City for Science and Technology scholarship.