Guth, AH, Kaiser, DI, Linde, AD, Nomura, Y, Bennett, CL, Bond, JR, Bouchet, F, Carroll, S, Efstathiou, G, Hawking, S, Kallosh, R, Komatsu, E, Krauss, LM, Lyth, DH, Maldacena, J, Mather, JC, Peiris, H, Perry, M, Randall, L, Rees, M, Sasaki, M, Senatore, L, Silverstein, E, Smoot, GF, Starobinsky, A, Susskind, L, Turner, MS, Vilenkin, A, Weinberg, S, Weiss, R, Wilczek, F, WlTTEN, E, and Zaldarriaga, M
Caso, C, Conforto, G, Gurtu, A, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Hagiwara, K, Hayes, KG, Hernandez, JJ, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, James, F, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Olive, KA, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Schindler, RH, Shrock, RE, Tanabashi, M, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Casas Serradilla, JL, Filimonov, BB, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, SB, Mankov, S, Nicholson, F, Babu, KS, Besson, D, Biebel, O, Cahn, RN, Crawford, RL, Dalitz, RH, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Froidevaux, D, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Geer, S, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Hohler, G, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kolda, C, Kreitz, P, Langacker, P, Landua, R, Littenberg, L, Manley, DM, March-Russell, J, Nakada, T, Quinn, H, Raffelt, G, Renk, B, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Schmitt, M, Schramm, DN, Scott, D, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Srednicki, M, Stanev, T, Suzuki, T, Tkachenko, NP, and Valencia, G
Workman, RL, Burkert, VD, Crede, V, Klempt, E, Thoma, U, Tiator, L, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Bryzgalov, VV, Buchmuller, O, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Cremonesi, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Demers, S, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hamel, M, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, A, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krizan, P, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lin, CJ, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, UG, Melzer-Pellmann, IA, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Monig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nelles, A, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petrov, VA, Pianori, E, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pietropaolo, F, Pomarol, A, Pordes, S, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Robinson, DJ, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, MG, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Schonert, S, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sefkow, F, Seljak, U, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shiltsev, V, Signorelli, G, Silari, M, Simon, F, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terao, K, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thorne, RS, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vivarelli, I, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, Wermes, N, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Wohl, CG, Woody, CL, Yao, WM, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, RY, Zhu, SL, Zimmermann, F, Zyla, PA, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Schaffner, P, Zheng, W, Workman, RL, Burkert, VD, Crede, V, Klempt, E, Thoma, U, Tiator, L, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Barnett, RM, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Beringer, J, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Bonventre, R, Bryzgalov, VV, Buchmuller, O, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Cranmer, K, Cremonesi, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Demers, S, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, El-Khadra, AX, Ellis, J, Eno, SC, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hamel, M, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Hsu, L, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Ianni, A, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krizan, P, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lin, CJ, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, UG, Melzer-Pellmann, IA, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Monig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nelles, A, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petrov, VA, Pianori, E, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pietropaolo, F, Pomarol, A, Pordes, S, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Robinson, DJ, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, MG, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Schonert, S, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sefkow, F, Seljak, U, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shiltsev, V, Signorelli, G, Silari, M, Simon, F, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terao, K, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thorne, RS, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vivarelli, I, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, Wermes, N, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Wohl, CG, Woody, CL, Yao, WM, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, RY, Zhu, SL, Zimmermann, F, Zyla, PA, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Schaffner, P, and Zheng, W
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 2,143 new measurements from 709 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on Machine Learning, and one on Spectroscopy of Light Meson Resonances.The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 97 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 23 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings.The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print, as a web version optimized for use on phones, and as an Android app.
Zyla, PA, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Dahl, O, Dwyer, DA, Groom, DE, Lin, C-J, Lugovsky, KS, Pianori, E, Robinson, DJ, Wohl, CG, Yao, W-M, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Bethke, S, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Buchmuller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, Ellis, J, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Godizov, AA, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Gruenewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Johnson, KF, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Klempt, E, Kowalewski, RV, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, U-G, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Moenig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petcov, ST, Petrov, VA, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pomarol, A, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramani, H, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, M, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Salam, GP, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shutt, T, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thoma, U, Thorne, RS, Tiator, L, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vincter, MG, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vogt, A, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Wascko, MO, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Woody, CL, Workman, RL, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, R-Y, Zhu, S-L, Zimmermann, F, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Lugovsky, VS, Schaffner, P, Zheng, W, Zyla, PA, Barnett, RM, Beringer, J, Dahl, O, Dwyer, DA, Groom, DE, Lin, C-J, Lugovsky, KS, Pianori, E, Robinson, DJ, Wohl, CG, Yao, W-M, Agashe, K, Aielli, G, Allanach, BC, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Aschenauer, EC, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Banerjee, S, Baudis, L, Bauer, CW, Beatty, JJ, Belousov, VI, Bethke, S, Bettini, A, Biebel, O, Black, KM, Blucher, E, Buchmuller, O, Burkert, V, Bychkov, MA, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Cerri, A, Chakraborty, D, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, de Jong, P, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, BA, D'Onofrio, M, Doser, M, Drees, M, Dreiner, HK, Eerola, P, Egede, U, Eidelman, S, Ellis, J, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Freitas, A, Gallagher, H, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gershon, T, Gershtein, Y, Gherghetta, T, Godizov, AA, Gonzalez-Garcia, MC, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grojean, C, Gruenewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hanhart, C, Hashimoto, S, Hayato, Y, Hebecker, A, Heinemeyer, S, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hikasa, K, Hisano, J, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Holtkamp, A, Huston, J, Hyodo, T, Johnson, KF, Kado, M, Karliner, M, Katz, UF, Kenzie, M, Khoze, VA, Klein, SR, Klempt, E, Kowalewski, RV, Krauss, F, Kreps, M, Krusche, B, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Laiho, J, Lellouch, LP, Lesgourgues, J, Liddle, AR, Ligeti, Z, Lippmann, C, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lourenco, C, Lugovsky, SB, Lusiani, A, Makida, Y, Maltoni, F, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Masoni, A, Matthews, J, Meissner, U-G, Mikhasenko, M, Miller, DJ, Milstead, D, Mitchell, RE, Moenig, K, Molaro, P, Moortgat, F, Moskovic, M, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Neubert, M, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petcov, ST, Petrov, VA, Pich, A, Piepke, A, Pomarol, A, Profumo, S, Quadt, A, Rabbertz, K, Rademacker, J, Raffelt, G, Ramani, H, Ramsey-Musolf, M, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Ringwald, A, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Rybka, G, Ryskin, M, Ryutin, RA, Sakai, Y, Salam, GP, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Schwartz, AJ, Schwiening, J, Scott, D, Sharma, V, Sharpe, SR, Shutt, T, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Skands, P, Skwarnicki, T, Smoot, GF, Soffer, A, Sozzi, MS, Spanier, S, Spiering, C, Stahl, A, Stone, SL, Sumino, Y, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, MJ, Takahashi, F, Tanabashi, M, Tanaka, J, Tasevsky, M, Terashi, K, Terning, J, Thoma, U, Thorne, RS, Tiator, L, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tovey, DR, Trabelsi, K, Urquijo, P, Valencia, G, Van de Water, R, Varelas, N, Venanzoni, G, Verde, L, Vincter, MG, Vogel, P, Vogelsang, W, Vogt, A, Vorobyev, V, Wakely, SP, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Wands, D, Wascko, MO, Weinberg, DH, Weinberg, EJ, White, M, Wiencke, LR, Willocq, S, Woody, CL, Workman, RL, Yokoyama, M, Yoshida, R, Zanderighi, G, Zeller, GP, Zenin, OV, Zhu, R-Y, Zhu, S-L, Zimmermann, F, Anderson, J, Basaglia, T, Lugovsky, VS, Schaffner, P, and Zheng, W
The Review summarizes much of particle physics and cosmology. Using data from previous editions, plus 3,324 new measurements from 878 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons and the recently discovered Higgs boson, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as supersymmetric particles, heavy bosons, axions, dark photons, etc. Particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as Higgs Boson Physics, Supersymmetry, Grand Unified Theories, Neutrino Mixing, Dark Energy, Dark Matter, Cosmology, Particle Detectors, Colliders, Probability and Statistics. Among the 120 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised, including a new review on High Energy Soft QCD and Diffraction and one on the Determination of CKM Angles from B Hadrons. The Review is divided into two volumes. Volume 1 includes the Summary Tables and 98 review articles. Volume 2 consists of the Particle Listings and contains also 22 reviews that address specific aspects of the data presented in the Listings. The complete Review (both volumes) is published online on the website of the Particle Data Group (pdg.lbl.gov) and in a journal. Volume 1 is available in print as the PDG Book. A Particle Physics Booklet with the Summary Tables and essential tables, figures, and equations from selected review articles is available in print and as a web version optimized for use on phones as well as an Android app.
Guth, AH, Kaiser, DI, Linde, AD, Nomura, Y, Bennett, CL, Bond, JR, Bouchet, F, Carroll, S, Efstathiou, G, Hawking, S, Kallosh, R, Komatsu, E, Krauss, LM, Lyth, DH, Maldacena, J, Mather, JC, Peiris, H, Perry, M, Randall, L, Rees, M, Sasaki, M, Senatore, L, Silverstein, E, Smoot, GF, Starobinsky, A, Susskind, L, Turner, MS, Vilenkin, A, Weinberg, S, Weiss, R, Wilczek, F, WlTTEN, E, and Zaldarriaga, M
Hanany, S, Ade, P, Balbi, A, Bock, J, Borrill, J, Boscaleri, A, Bernardis, PD, Ferreira, PG, Hristov, VV, Jaffe, AH, Lange, AE, Lee, AT, Mauskopf, PD, Netterfield, CB, Oh, S, Pascale, E, Rabii, B, Richards, PL, Smoot, GF, Stompor, R, Winant, CD, and Wu, JHP
We present a map and an angular power spectrum of the anisotropy of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) from the first flight of MAXIMA. MAXIMA is a balloon-borne experiment with an array of 16 bolometric photometers operated at 100 mK. MAXIMA observed a 124 square degrees region of the sky with 10 arcminute resolution at frequencies of 150, 240 and 410 GHz. The data were calibrated using in-flight measurements of the CMB dipole anisotropy. A map of the CMB anisotropy was produced from three 150 and one 240 GHz photometer without need for foreground subtractions. Analysis of this CMB map yields a power spectrum for the CMB anisotropy over the range 36 < l < 785. The spectrum shows a peak with an amplitude of 78 +/- 6 micro-Kelvin at l ~ 220 and an amplitude varying between ~40 micro-Kelvin and ~50 micro-Kelvin for 400 < l < 785., Reflects version accepted for publication in Ap J Letters
Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, Dm, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, Rs, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Cf, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez Rey, Jj, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, Ks, Lugovsky, Sb, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Peacock, Ja, Petcov, St, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, Bn, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Salam, Gp, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, Mj, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, Cw, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, Ej, Wells, Jd, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, Lr, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workman, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, Harper, G, Lugovsky, Vs, Schaffner, P., PATRIGNANI, CLAUDIA, Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, Dm, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Cf, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, Jj, Hocker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, Ja, Petcov, St, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, Bn, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Salam, Gp, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, Mj, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, Cw, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, Ej, Wells, Jd, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, Lr, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workman, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, Harper, G, Lugovsky, V, and Schaffner, P
This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus, Vcb & Vub, fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: pdg.lbl.gov.
Amsler, C, Doser, M, Antonelli, M, Asner, Da, Babu, Ks, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, V, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Caso, C, Cecccci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, Rs, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, DE GOUVEA, A, Degrand, T, Dobrescu, B, Drees, A, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Feng, Jl, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Gf, Goodman, A, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagiwara, K, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, HERNANDEZ REY, Jj, Hikasa, K, Hincliliffe, I, Hocker, A, Huston, J, IGO KEMENES, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Knowles, Ig, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Kreitz, P, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Liu, Jc, Lugovsky, Ks, Lugovsky, Sb, Mahlke, H, Mangano, Ml, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, M, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Peacock, Ja, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Rateliff, Bn, Renk, B, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Surniyoshi, T, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trilling, Gh, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, VAN BIBBER, K, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Ward, Dr, Watari, T, Vebber, Br, Weiglein, G, Wells, Jd, Whalley, M, Wheeler, A, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workmnan, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, Zyla, Pa, PATRIGNANI, CLAUDIA, Amsler, C, Doser, M, Antonelli, M, Asner, Da, Babu, K, Baer, H, Band, Hr, Barnett, Rm, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, V, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, Rn, Carena, M, Caso, C, Cecccci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, Mc, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, DE GOUVEA, A, Degrand, T, Dobrescu, B, Drees, A, Edwards, Da, Eidelman, S, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Feng, Jl, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Foster, B, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, Gf, Goodman, A, Grab, C, Gritsan, Av, Grivaz, Jf, Groom, De, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, He, Hagiwara, K, Hagmann, C, Hayes, Kg, HERNANDEZ-REY, Jj, Hikasa, K, Hincliliffe, I, Hocker, A, Huston, J, IGO-KEMENES, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Junk, T, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Knowles, Ig, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, Rv, Kreitz, P, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, Yv, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, Cj, Liss, Tm, Littenberg, L, Liu, Jc, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Mahlke, H, Mangano, Ml, Mannel, T, Manohar, Av, Marciano, Wj, Martin, Ad, Masoni, A, Milstead, M, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, Ka, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, Ja, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Rateliff, Bn, Renk, B, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, Lj, Rosner, Jl, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smith, Jg, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, Sl, Surniyoshi, T, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, Np, Tornqvist, Na, Tovey, D, Trilling, Gh, Trippe, Tg, Valencia, G, VAN BIBBER, K, Vincter, Mg, Vogel, P, Ward, Dr, Watari, T, Vebber, Br, Weiglein, G, Wells, Jd, Whalley, M, Wheeler, A, Wohl, Cg, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Workmnan, Rl, Yamamoto, A, Yao, Wm, Zenin, Ov, Zhang, J, Zhu, Ry, and Zyla, Pa
This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2778 new measurements from 645 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus, Vcb & Vub, top quark, muon anomalous magnetic moment, extra dimensions, particle detectors, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.
Nakamura, K, Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Murayama, H, Tanabashi, M, Watari, T, Amsler, C, Antonelli, M, Asner, DM, Baer, H, Band, HR, Barnett, RM, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Beringer, J, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Cahn, RN, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, M-C, Chivukula, RS, Cowan, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Damour, T, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, DeGrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Doser, M, Drees, M, Edwards, DA, Eidelman, S, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, H-J, Gerbier, G, Gherghetta, T, Giudice, CF, Golwala, S, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Gritsan, AV, Grivaz, J-F, Groom, DE, Grunewald, M, Gurtu, A, Gutsche, T, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hayes, KG, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Hoecker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Junk, T, Karle, A, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, SR, Kolda, C, Kowalewski, RV, Krusche, B, Kuyanov, YV, Kwon, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Ligeti, Z, Lin, C-J, Liss, TM, Littenberg, L, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Manohar, AV, Marciano, WJ, Martin, AD, Masoni, A, Milstead, D, Miquel, R, Moenig, K, Narain, M, Nason, P, Navas, S, Nevski, P, Nir, Y, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Peacock, JA, Petcov, ST, Piepke, A, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Ratcliff, BN, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosenberg, LJ, Rosner, JL, Sachrajda, CT, Sakai, Y, Salam, GP, Sarkar, S, Sauli, F, Schneider, O, Scholberg, K, Scott, D, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Silari, M, Sjostrand, T, Smith, JG, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Stone, SL, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, MJ, Terning, J, Titov, M, Tkachenko, NP, Tornqvist, NA, Tovey, D, Trippe, TG, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Venanzoni, G, Vincter, MG, Vogel, P, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, CW, Ward, DR, Webber, BR, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, EJ, Wells, JD, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, LR, Wohl, CG, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, CL, Workman, RL, Yamamoto, A, Yao, W-M, Zenin, OV, Zhang, J, Zhu, R-Y, Zyla, PA, Harper, G, Lugovsky, VS, Schaffner, P, Grp, PD, Eidelman, S, Hayes, Kg, Olive, Ka, Aguilar Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barnett, Rm, Beringer, J, Burchat, Pr, Carone, Cd, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, Jl, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, De, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernandez Rey, Jj, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, Ml, Manohar, Av, March Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, Na, Trippe, Tg, Vogel, P, Wohl, Cg, Workman, Rl, Yao, Wm, Zyla, Pa, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Harper, G, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, Sb, Lugovsky, V, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, Rn, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, Ma, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, Da, Elvira, Vd, Erler, J, Ezhela, Vv, Fetscher, W, Fields, Bd, Fosler, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L, Gerber, Hj, Gerbier, G, Gilman, Fj, Haber, He, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, Cj, Hohler, G, Igo Kemenes, P, Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, Sr, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, Ig, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Yv, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Littenberg, L, Manley, Dm, Martin, Ad, Narain, M, Nason, P, Nir, Y, Peacock, Ja, Quinn, Hr, Raby, S, Ratcliff, Bn, Razuvaev, Ea, Renk, B, Rolandi, Luigi, Ronan, Mt, Rosenberg, Lj, Sachrajda, Ct, Sakai, Y, Sanda, Ai, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, Njc, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, Np, Trilling, Gh, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, Mg, Ward, Dr, Webber, Br, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, Cl, Zenin, Ov, Zhu, Ry, Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC), Institut des Hautes Etudes Scientifiques (IHES), IHES, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de l'Accélérateur Linéaire (LAL), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Hayes, K, Olive, K, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Barnett, R, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Feng, J, Groom, D, Hernandez-Rey, J, Mangano, M, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Zyla, P, Lugovsky, S, Cahn, R, Dobbs, M, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Ezhela, V, Fields, B, Gaisser, T, Gerber, H, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hogan, C, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Klein, S, Knowles, I, Kuyanov, Y, Manley, D, Martin, A, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Ratcliff, B, Razuvaev, E, Rolandi, G, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sanda, A, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Smoot, G, Spooner, N, Tkachenko, N, Trilling, G, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Zhu, R, Watari, T, Antonelli, M, Baer, H, Band, H, Basaglia, T, Bergren, E, Bernardi, G, Bertl, W, Blucher, E, Blusk, S, Carena, M, Ceccucci, A, Chakraborty, D, Chen, M, de Florian, D, de Gouvea, A, Degrand, T, Dissertori, G, Dobrescu, B, Foster, B, Giudice, C, Golwala, S, Gritsan, A, Grivaz, J, Grunewald, M, Gutsche, T, Heffner, M, Heltsley, B, Hoecker, A, Holder, J, Huston, J, Junk, T, Karle, A, Kowalewski, R, Krusche, B, Ligeti, Z, Lin, C, Liss, T, Lys, J, Mahlke, H, Mannel, T, Marciano, W, Milstead, D, Moenig, K, Nevski, P, Petcov, S, Punzi, G, Quadt, A, Richardson, P, Roesler, S, Rolli, S, Romaniouk, A, Rosner, J, Salam, G, Sauli, F, Scholberg, K, Silari, M, Smith, J, Stone, S, Sumiyoshi, T, Syphers, M, Titov, M, Tovey, D, Venanzoni, G, Vogt, A, Walkowiak, W, Walter, C, Weiglein, G, Weinberg, E, Wells, J, Wheeler, A, Wiencke, L, Yamamoto, A, Zhang, J, Schaffner, P, European Organization for Nuclear Research (CERN), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris Diderot - Paris 7 (UPD7)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut des Hautes Études Scientifiques (IHES), University of Zurich, Cecccci, A, Giudice, G, Gruenewald, M, Hincliliffe, I, Liu, J, Rateliff, B, Surniyoshi, T, Vebber, B, Workmnan, R, Yao, W. -M., Amsler, C., Asner, D., Bamett, R. M., Beringer, J., Burchat, P. R., Carone, Cd., Caso, C., Dahl, O., D'Ambrosio, G., Dcgouvca, A., Doscr, M., Eidelman, S., Feng, J. L., Ghcrghctta, T., Goodman, M., Grab, C., Groom, D. E., Gurtu, A., Hagiwara, K., Hayes, K. G., Hernandez-Rey, J. J., Hikasa, K., Jawahcry, H., Kolda, C., Kwon, Y., Mangano, M. L., Manohar, A. V., Masoni, A., Miqucl, R., Monig, K., Murayama, H., Nakamura, K., Navas, S., Olive, K. A., Rape, L., Patrignani, C., Picpkc, A., Punzi, G., Raffclt, G., Smith, J. G., Tanabashi, M., Tcrning, J., Tornqvist, N. A., Trippc, T. G., Vogcl, P., Watari, T., Wohl, C. G., Workman, R. L., Zyla, P. A., Armstrong, B., Harper, G., Lugovsky, V. S., Schaffner, P., Artuso, M., Babu, K. S., Band, H. R., Barberio, E., Battaglia, M., Bichscl, H., Bicbcl, O., Bloch, P., Bluchcr, E., Calm, R. N., Casper, D., Cattal, A., Ccccucci, A., Chakraborty, D., Chivukula, R. S., Cowan, G., Damour, T., Dcgrand, T., Dcslcr, K., Dobbs, M. A., Drees, M., Edwards, A., Edwards, D. A., Elvira, V. D., Erler, J., Ezhela, V. V., Fetscher, W., Fields, B. D., Foster, B., Froidevaux, D., Galsser, T. K., Garren, L., Gerber, H. J., Gerbier, G., Gibbons, L., Gilman, F. J., Giudice, G. F., Gritsan, A. V., Griinewald, M., Haber, H. E., Hagmann, C., Hinchliffe, I., Hocker, A., Igo-Kemenes, P., Jackson, J. D., Johnson, K. F., Karlen, D., Kayser, B., Kirkby, D., Klein, S. R., Kleinknecht, K., Knowles, I. G., Kowalewski, R. V., Kreitz, P., Krusche, B., Kuyanov, Yu. V., Lahav, O., Langacker, P., Liddle, A., Ligeti, Z., Liss, T. M., Littenberg, L., Liu, J. C., Lugovsky, K. S., Lugovsky, S. B., Mannel, T., Manley, D. M., Marciano, W. J., Martin, A. D., Milstead, D., Narain, M., Nason, P., Nir, Y., Peacock, J. A., Prell, S. A., Quadt, A., Raby, S., Ratcliff, B. N., Razuvaev, E. A., Renk, B., Richardson, P., Roesler, S., Rolandi, G., Ronan, M. T., Rosenberg, L. J., Sachrajda, C. T., Sakal, Y., Sarkar, S., Schmitt, M., Schneider, O., Scott, D., Sjostrand, T., Smoot, G. F., Sokolsky, P., Spanier, S., Spieler, H., Stahl, A., Stanev, T., Streitmatter, R. E., Sumiyoshi, T., Tkachenko, N. P., Trilling, G. H., Valencia, G., Vanbibber, K., Vincter, M. G., Ward, D. R., Webber, B. R., Wells, J. D., Whalley, M., Wolfenstein, L., Womersley, J., Woody, C. L., Yamamoto, A., Zenin, O. V., Zhang, J., Zhu, R. Y., De Gouvea, A, Toernqvist, N, Bichel, H, Ceccicco, A, De Grand, T, Hocker, A, Knowles, J, Prell, S, Roman, M, Salao, Y, Sokolsky, P, Staney, T, and Streitmatter, R
This biennial Review summarizes much of particle physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2158 new measurements from 551 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 108 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mass, mixing, and oscillations, QCD, top quark, CKM quark-mixing matrix, Vud & Vus , Vcb & Vub , fragmentation functions, particle detectors for accelerator and non-accelerator physics, magnetic monopoles, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: pdg.lbl.gov.
Ade, PAR, Aghanim, N, Arnaud, M, Ashdown, M, Atrio-Barandela, F, Aumont, J, Baccigalupi, C, Balbi, A, Banday, AJ, Barreiro, RB, Bartlett, JG, Battaner, E, Benabed, K, Benoit, A, Bernard, J-P, Bersanelli, M, Bhatia, R, Bikmaev, I, Bobin, J, Boehringer, H, Bonaldi, A, Bond, JR, Borgani, S, Borrill, J, Bouchet, FR, Bourdin, H, Brown, ML, Burenin, R, Burigana, C, Cabella, P, Cardoso, J-F, Carvalho, P, Castex, G, Catalano, A, Cayon, L, Chamballu, A, Chiang, L-Y, Chon, G, Christensen, PR, Churazov, E, Clements, DL, Colafrancesco, S, Colombi, S, Colombo, LPL, Comis, B, Coulais, A, Crill, BP, Cuttaia, F, Da Silva, A, Dahle, H, Danese, L, Davis, RJ, de Bernardis, P, de Gasperis, G, de Zotti, G, Delabrouille, J, Democles, J, Desert, F-X, Diego, JM, Dolag, K, Dole, H, Donzelli, S, Dore, O, Doerl, U, Douspis, M, Dupac, X, Efstathiou, G, Ensslin, TA, Eriksen, HK, Finelli, F, Flores-Cacho, I, Forni, O, Fosalba, P, Frailis, M, Franceschi, E, Frommert, M, Galeotta, S, Ganga, K, Genova-Santos, RT, Giard, M, Giraud-Heraud, Y, Gonzalez-Nuevo, J, Gorski, KM, Gregorio, A, Gruppuso, A, Hansen, FK, Harrison, D, Hempel, A, Henrot-Versille, S, Hernandez-Monteagudo, C, Herranz, D, Hildebrandt, SR, Hivon, E, Hobson, M, Holmes, WA, Hurier, G, Jaffe, TR, Jaffe, AH, Jagemann, T, Jones, WC, Juvela, M, Keihanen, E, Khamitov, I, Kisner, TS, Kneissl, R, Knoche, J, Knox, L, Kunz, M, Kurki-Suonio, H, Lagache, G, Lahteenmaki, A, Lamarre, J-M, Lasenby, A, Lawrence, CR, Le Jeune, M, Leonardi, R, Liddle, A, Lilje, PB, Lopez-Caniego, M, Luzzi, G, Macias-Perez, JF, Maino, D, Mandolesi, N, Maris, M, Marleau, F, Marshall, DJ, Martinez-Gonzalez, E, Masi, S, Massardi, M, Matarrese, S, Mazzotta, P, Mei, S, Melchiorri, A, Melin, J-B, Mendes, L, Mennella, A, Mitra, S, Miville-Deschenes, M-A, Moneti, A, Montier, L, Morgante, G, Mortlock, D, Munshi, D, Murphy, JA, Naselsky, P, Nati, F, Natoli, P, Norgaard-Nielsen, HU, Noviello, F, Novikov, D, Novikov, I, Osborne, S, Pajot, F, Paoletti, D, Pasian, F, Patanchon, G, Perdereau, O, Perotto, L, Perrotta, F, Piacentini, F, Piat, M, Pierpaoli, E, Piffaretti, R, Plaszczynski, S, Pointecouteau, E, Polenta, G, Ponthieu, N, Popa, L, Poutanen, T, Pratt, GW, Prunet, S, Puget, J-L, Rachen, JP, Reach, WT, Rebolo, R, Reinecke, M, Remazeilles, M, Renault, C, Ricciardi, S, Riller, T, Ristorcelli, I, Rocha, G, Roman, M, Rosset, C, Rossetti, M, Rubino-Martin, JA, Rusholme, B, Sandri, M, Savini, G, Scott, D, Smoot, GF, Starck, J-L, Sudiwala, R, Sunyaev, R, Sutton, D, Suur-Uski, A-S, Sygnet, J-F, Tauber, JA, Terenzi, L, Toffolatti, L, Tomasi, M, Tristram, M, Tuovinen, J, Valenziano, L, Van Tent, B, Varis, J, Vielva, P, Villa, F, Vittorio, N, Wade, LA, Wandelt, BD, Welikala, N, White, SDM, White, M, Yvon, D, Zacchei, A, Zonca, A, and Collaboration, P
Abroe, ME, Borrill, J, Ferreira, PG, Hanany, S, Jaffe, AH, Johnson, BR, Lee, AT, Rabii, B, Richards, PL, Smoot, GF, Stompor, R, Winant, CD, and Wu, JHP
We cross-correlate the cosmic microwave background temperature anisotropy maps from the WMAP, MAXIMA-I, and MAXIMA-II experiments. We use the cross-spectrum, which is the spherical harmonic transform of the angular two-point correlation function, to quantify the correlation as a function of angular scale. We find that the three possible pairs of cross-spectra are in close agreement with each other and with the power spectra of the individual maps. The probability that there is no correlation between the maps is smaller than 1 * 10^(-8). We also calculate power spectra for maps made of differences between pairs of maps, and show that they are consistent with no signal. The results conclusively show that the three experiments not only display the same statistical properties of the CMB anisotropy, but also detect the same features wherever the observed sky areas overlap. We conclude that the contribution of systematic errors to these maps is negligible and that MAXIMA and WMAP have accurately mapped the cosmic microwave background anisotropy., 8 pages, 12 figures, accepted by ApJ
Hagiwara, K, Hikasa, K, Nakamura, K, Tanabashi, M, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, Doser, M, Eidelman, S, Feng, JL, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, DE, Gurtu, A, Hayes, KG, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Honscheid, K, Kolda, C, Mangano, ML, Manley, DM, Manohar, AV, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Navas, S, Olive, KA, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Roos, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Vogel, P, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Armstrong, B, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Artuso, M, Asner, D, Babu, KS, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, RN, Cattai, A, Chivukula, RS, Cousins, RD, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Donahue, RJ, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Erler, J, Ezhela, VV, Fasso, A, Fetscher, W, Fields, BD, Foster, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, TK, Garren, L, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, CJ, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Klein, SR, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, IG, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, YV, Landua, R, Langacker, P, Littenberg, L, Martin, AD, Nakada, T, Narain, M, Nason, P, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Raby, S, Raffelt, G, Razuvaev, EA, Renk, B, Rolandi, L, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, GF, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, NJC, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, NP, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, MG, Ward, DP, Webber, BR, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, CL, Zenin, OV, and Grp, PD
This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 2205 new measurements from 667 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. This edition features expanded coverage of CP violation in B mesons and of neutrino oscillations. For the first time we cover searches for evidence of extra dimensions (both in the particle listings and in a new review). Another new review is on Grand Unified Theories. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov.
Eidelman, S, Hayes, K, Olive, K, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barnett, R, Beringer, J, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, J, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, M, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Zyla, P, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Harper, G, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, M, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Fosler, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gerbier, G, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Littenberg, L, Manley, D, Martin, A, Narain, M, Nason, P, Nir, Y, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Ratcliff, B, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, G, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sakai, Y, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Trilling, G, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Zhu, R, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Dobbs, MA, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Manley, DM, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Ratcliff, BN, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Trilling, GH, Vincter, MG, Ward, DR, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, Zenin, OV, Zhu, RY, Eidelman, S, Hayes, K, Olive, K, Aguilar-Benitez, M, Amsler, C, Asner, D, Babu, K, Barnett, R, Beringer, J, Burchat, P, Carone, C, Caso, C, Conforto, G, Dahl, O, D'Ambrosio, G, Doser, M, Feng, J, Gherghetta, T, Gibbons, L, Goodman, M, Grab, C, Groom, D, Gurtu, A, Hagiwara, K, Hernandez-Rey, J, Hikasa, K, Honscheid, K, Jawahery, H, Kolda, C, Kwon, Y, Mangano, M, Manohar, A, March-Russell, J, Masoni, A, Miquel, R, Monig, K, Murayama, H, Nakamura, K, Navas, S, Pape, L, Patrignani, C, Piepke, A, Raffelt, G, Roos, M, Tanabashi, M, Terning, J, Tornqvist, N, Trippe, T, Vogel, P, Wohl, C, Workman, R, Yao, W, Zyla, P, Armstrong, B, Gee, P, Harper, G, Lugovsky, K, Lugovsky, S, Lugovsky, V, Rom, A, Artuso, M, Barberio, E, Battaglia, M, Bichsel, H, Biebel, O, Bloch, P, Cahn, R, Casper, D, Cattai, A, Chivukula, R, Cowan, G, Damour, T, Desler, K, Dobbs, M, Drees, M, Edwards, A, Edwards, D, Elvira, V, Erler, J, Ezhela, V, Fetscher, W, Fields, B, Fosler, B, Froidevaux, D, Fukugita, M, Gaisser, T, Garren, L, Gerber, H, Gerbier, G, Gilman, F, Haber, H, Hagmann, C, Hewett, J, Hinchliffe, I, Hogan, C, Hohler, G, Igo-Kemenes, P, Jackson, J, Johnson, K, Karlen, D, Kayser, B, Kirkby, D, Klein, S, Kleinknecht, K, Knowles, I, Kreitz, P, Kuyanov, Y, Lahav, O, Langacker, P, Liddle, A, Littenberg, L, Manley, D, Martin, A, Narain, M, Nason, P, Nir, Y, Peacock, J, Quinn, H, Raby, S, Ratcliff, B, Razuvaev, E, Renk, B, Rolandi, G, Ronan, M, Rosenberg, L, Sachrajda, C, Sakai, Y, Sanda, A, Sarkar, S, Schmitt, M, Schneider, O, Scott, D, Seligman, W, Shaevitz, M, Sjostrand, T, Smoot, G, Spanier, S, Spieler, H, Spooner, N, Srednicki, M, Stahl, A, Stanev, T, Suzuki, M, Tkachenko, N, Trilling, G, Valencia, G, van Bibber, K, Vincter, M, Ward, D, Webber, B, Whalley, M, Wolfenstein, L, Womersley, J, Woody, C, Zenin, O, Zhu, R, Hayes, KG, Olive, KA, Babu, KS, Barnett, RM, Burchat, PR, Carone, CD, Feng, JL, Groom, DE, Hernandez-Rey, JJ, Mangano, ML, Manohar, AV, Tornqvist, NA, Trippe, TG, Wohl, CG, Workman, RL, Yao, WM, Zyla, PA, Gee, PS, Lugovsky, KS, Lugovsky, SB, Lugovsky, VS, Cahn, RN, Chivukula, RS, Dobbs, MA, Edwards, DA, Elvira, VD, Ezhela, VV, Fields, BD, Gaisser, TK, Gerber, HJ, Gilman, FJ, Haber, HE, Hogan, CJ, Jackson, JD, Johnson, KF, Klein, SR, Knowles, IG, Kuyanov, YV, Manley, DM, Martin, AD, Peacock, JA, Quinn, HR, Ratcliff, BN, Razuvaev, EA, Ronan, MT, Rosenberg, LJ, Sachrajda, CT, Sanda, AI, Seligman, WG, Shaevitz, MH, Smoot, GF, Spooner, NJC, Tkachenko, NP, Trilling, GH, Vincter, MG, Ward, DR, Webber, BR, Woody, CL, Zenin, OV, and Zhu, RY
This biennial Review summarizes much of Particle Physics. Using data from previous editions, plus 1726 new measurements from 512 papers, we list, evaluate, and average measured properties of gauge bosons, leptons, quarks, mesons, and baryons. We also summarize searches for hypothetical particles such as Higgs bosons, heavy neutrinos, and supersymmetric particles. All the particle properties and search limits are listed in Summary Tables. We also give numerous tables, figures, formulae, and reviews of topics such as the Standard Model, particle detectors, probability, and statistics. Among the 119 reviews are many that are new or heavily revised including those on neutrino mixing, CP violation in K, D, and B mesons, V-cb, the new exotic e(1540) particle, extra-dimensions, grand unified theories, cosmic background radiation, dark matter, cosmological parameters, and big bang cosmology. A booklet is available containing the Summary Tables and abbreviated versions of some of the other sections of this full Review. All tables, listings, and reviews (and errata) are also available on the Particle Data Group website: http://pdg.lbl.gov
Smoot, Gf, Mandolesi, N, Bersanelli, M, Cesarsky, C, Lachiezerey, M, Danese, Luigi, Vittorio, N, Debernardis, P, Dalloglio, G, Sironi, G, Crane, P, Janssen, M, Partridge, B, Beckman, J, Rebolo, R, Puget, Jl, Bussoletti, E, Raffelt, G, Davies, R, Encrenaz, P, Natale, V, Tofani, G, Merluzzi, P, Toffolatti, L, Scaramella, R, Martinezgonzales, E, Saez, D, Lasenby, A, Kogut, A, and Efstathiou, G.
Smoot, Gf, Deamici, G, Friedman, Sd, Witebsky, C, Mandolesi, N, Partridge, Rb, Sironi, G, Danese, Luigi, and Dezotti, G.
Groom, DE, Aguilar-Benitez, M., Amsler, C., Barnett, Rm, Burchat, Pr, Carone, Cd, Caso, C., Conforto, G., Dahl, O., Doser, M., Eidelman, S., Feng, Jl, Gibbons, L., Goodman, M., Grab, C., Gurtu, A., Hagiwara, K., Hayes, Kg, Hernandez, Jj, Hikasa, K., Honscheid, K., Kolda, C., Mangano, Ml, Manohar, Av, Masoni, A., Monig, K., Murayama, H., Nakamura, K., Navas, S., Olive, Ka, Pape, L., Piepke, A., Roos, M., Tanabashi, M., Tornqvist, Na, Trippe, Tg, Vogel, P., Wohl, Cg, Workman, Rl, Yao, Wm, Armstrong, B., Casas Serradilla, Jl, Filimonov, Bb, Gee, Ps, Lugovsky, Sb, Nicholson, F., Babu, Ks, Besson, D., Biebel, O., Bloch, P., Cahn, Rn, Cattai, A., R Sekhar Chivukula, Cousins, Rd, Damour, T., Desler, K., Donahue, Rj, Edwards, Da, Erler, J., Ezhela, Vv, Fasso, A., Fetscher, W., Froidevaux, D., Fukugita, M., Gaisser, Tk, Garren, L., Geer, S., Gerber, Hj, Gilman, Fj, Haber, He, Hagmann, C., Hinchliffe, I., Hogan, Cj, Hohler, G., Igo-Kemenes, P., Jackson, Jd, Johnson, Kf, Karlen, D., Kayser, B., Klein, Sr, Kleinknecht, K., Knowles, Ig, Kolb, Ew, Kreitz, P., Landua, R., Langacker, P., Littenberg, L., Manley, Dm, March-Russell, J., Nakada, T., Quinn, Hr, Raffelt, G., Renk, B., Rolandi, L., Ronan, Mt, Rosenberg, Lj, Sadrozinski, Hfw, Sanda, Ai, Schmitt, M., Schneider, O., Scott, D., Seligman, Wg, Shaevitz, Mh, Sjostrand, T., Smoot, Gf, Spanier, S., Spieler, H., Srednicki, M., Stahl, A., Stanev, T., Suzuki, M., Tkachenko, Np, Turner, Ms, Valencia, G., Vanbibber, K., Voss, R., Ward, D., Wolfenstein, L., Womersley, J., and Particle Data Grp
Mather, Jc, Hauser, Mg, Bennett, Cl, Boggess, Nw, Cheng, Es, Eplee, Re, Freudenreich, Ht, Isaacman, Rb, Kelsall, T., Carey Lisse, Moseley, Sh, Shafer, Ra, Silverberg, Rf, Spiesman, Wj, Toller, Gn, Weiland, Jl, Gulkis, S., Janssen, M., Lubin, Pm, Meyer, Ss, Weiss, R., Murdock, Tl, Smoot, Gf, Wilkinson, Dt, Wright, El, Kovalevsky, J., Perryman, Mac, Wesselius, Pr, Barthel, Pd, and Schilizzi, Rt
Mather, Jc, Hauser, Mg, Bennett, Cl, Boggess, Nw, Cheng, Es, Eplee, Re, Freudenreich, Ht, Gulkis, S., Isaacman, Rb, Janssen, M., Kelsall, T., Carey Lisse, Lubin, Pm, Meyer, Ss, Moseley, Sh, Murdock, Tl, Shafer, Ra, Silverberg, Rf, Smoot, Gf, Spiesman, Wj, Toller, Gn, Weiland, Jl, Weiss, R., Wilkinson, Dt, Wright, El, and Kaldeich, B.
Bersanelli, M, Mandolesi, N, Cesarsky, C, Danese, Luigi, Efstathiou, G, Griffin, M, Lamarre, Jm, Norgaardnielsen, Hu, Pace, O, Puget, Jl, Raisanen, A, Smoot, Gf, Tauber, J, and Volonte, S.
Mandolesi, N, Bersanelli, M, Cesarsky, C, Danese, Luigi, Efstathiou, G, Griffin, M, Lamarre, Jm, Norgaard Nielsen HU, Pace, O, Puget, Jl, Raisanen, A, Smoot, Gf, Tauber, J, and Volonte, S.
Smoot, GF
Schopp N, Abdikamalov E, Mostovyi AI, Parkhomenko HP, Solovan MM, Asare EA, Bazan GC, Nguyen TQ, Smoot GF, and Brus VV
The term 'Solar Cell' is commonly used for Photovoltaics that convert light into electrical energy. However, light can be harvested from various sources not limited to the Sun. This work considers the possibility of harvesting photons from different star types, including our closest neighbor star Proxima Centauri. The theoretical efficiency limits of single junction photovoltaic devices are calculated for different star types at a normalized light intensity corresponding to the AM0 spectrum intensity with AM0 = 1361 W/m
Hazra DK, Paoletti D, Finelli F, and Smoot GF
Cosmic microwave background (CMB) temperature and polarization anisotropies from Planck have estimated a lower value of the optical depth to reionization (τ) compared to WMAP. A significant period in the reionization history would then fall within 6
King J, Chalfie M, Chomsky N, Cirincione J, Decatur S, Franklin M, Gerson J, Goldenberg DP, Goldstein G, Hartung W, Helfand I, Holz D, Kahn PC, Krimsky S, Loechler E, Moghadam V, Newman SA, Ozonoff D, Parthasarathi P, Phillips W, Politzer HD, Redwine RP, Roberts RJ, Robock A, Royer CA, Scarlata S, Scarry E, Smoot GF, Socolow R, Solomon S, Strominger A, Sundberg EJ, Sur M, Tegmark M, Tierney JF, van der Ziel C, VanElzakker M, von Hippel FN, Wittner L, and Wortis HH
Ferreira IS, Tello C, Bergano M, Villela T, Barbosa D, and Smoot GF
Background: We describe the design, the construction and performance of a narrow band ortho-mode transducer, currently used in the 5 GHz polarimetric receiver of the Galactic Emission Mapping project., Results: The ortho-mode transducer was designed to achieve a high degree of transmission within the 400 MHz of the GEM band around the 5 GHz (4.8-5.2 GHz). It is composed of a circular-to-square waveguide transition, a septum polarizer, a thin waveguide coupler and a smooth square-to-rectangular waveguide transition with custom waveguide bends to the output ports., Conclusion: Our simulations and measurements show a very low level of cross-polarization of about -60 dB and a good impedance match for all three ports (S11; S22; S33 < -30 dB) with only 0:25 dB of insertion loss offset across the 400 MHz (4.8-5.2 GHz) of the reception bandwidth.
Bergano M, Rocha A, Cupido L, Barbosa D, Villela T, Boas JV, Rocha G, and Smoot GF
The detailed knowledge of the Milky Way radio emission is important to characterize galactic foregrounds masking extragalactic and cosmological signals. The update of the global sky models describing radio emissions over a very large spectral band requires high sensitivity experiments capable of observing large sky areas with long integration times. Here, we present the design of a new 10 GHz (X-band) polarimeter digital back-end to map the polarization components of the galactic synchrotron radiation field of the Northern Hemisphere sky. The design follows the digital processing trends in radio astronomy and implements a large bandwidth (1 GHz) digital complex cross-correlator to extract the Stokes parameters of the incoming synchrotron radiation field. The hardware constraints cover the implemented VLSI hardware description language code and the preliminary results. The implementation is based on the simultaneous digitized acquisition of the Cartesian components of the two linear receiver polarization channels. The design strategy involves a double data rate acquisition of the ADC interleaved parallel bus, and field programmable gate array device programming at the register transfer mode. The digital core of the back-end is capable of processing 32 Gbps and is built around an Altera field programmable gate array clocked at 250 MHz, 1 GSps analog to digital converters and a clock generator. The control of the field programmable gate array internal signal delays and a convenient use of its phase locked loops provide the timing requirements to achieve the target bandwidths and sensitivity. This solution is convenient for radio astronomy experiments requiring large bandwidth, high functionality, high volume availability and low cost. Of particular interest, this correlator was developed for the Galactic Emission Mapping project and is suitable for large sky area polarization continuum surveys. The solutions may also be adapted to be used at signal processing subsystem levels for large projects like the square kilometer array testbeds.
Hazra DK, Shafieloo A, Smoot GF, and Starobinsky AA
Motivated by the idea that inflation occurs at the grand unified theory symmetry breaking scale, in this Letter we construct a new class of large field inflaton potentials where the inflaton starts with a power law potential; after an initial period of relatively fast roll that lasts until after a few e folds inside the horizon it transits to the attractor of the slow roll part of the potential with a lower power. Because of the initial fast roll stages of inflation, we find a suppression in scalar primordial power at large scales and at the same time the choice of the potential can provide us a tensor primordial spectrum with a high amplitude. This suppression in scalar power with a large tensor-to-scalar ratio helps us to reconcile the Planck and BICEP2 data in a single framework. We find that a transition from a cubic to quadratic form of inflaton potential generates an appropriate suppression in the power of the scalar primordial spectrum that provides a significant improvement in fit compared to the power law model when compared with Planck and BICEP2 data together. We calculate the extent of non-Gaussianity, specifically, the bispectrum for the best fit potential, and show that it is consistent with Planck bispectrum constraints.
Jeong S, Nam JW, Ahn KB, Park IH, Kim SW, Lee J, Lim H, Brandt S, Budtz-Jørgensen C, Castro-Tirado AJ, Chen P, Cho MH, Choi JN, Grossan B, Huang MA, Jung A, Kim JE, Kim MB, Kim YW, Linder EV, Min KW, Na GW, Panasyuk MI, Ripa J, Reglero V, Smoot GF, Suh JE, Svertilov S, Vedenkin N, and Yashin I
We report on design, manufacture, and testing of a Slewing Mirror Telescope (SMT), the first of its kind and a part of Ultra-Fast Flash Observatory-pathfinder (UFFO-p) for space-based prompt measurement of early UV/optical light curves from Gamma-Ray Bursts (GRBs). Using a fast slewing mirror of 150 mm diameter mounted on a 2 axis gimbal stage, SMT can deliver the images of GRB optical counterparts to the intensified CCD detector within 1.5~1.8 s over ± 35 degrees in the slewing field of view. Its Ritchey-Chrétien telescope of 100 mm diameter provides a 17 × 17 arcmin² instantaneous field of view. Technical details of design, construction, the laboratory performance tests in space environments for this unique SMT are described in conjunction with the plan for in-orbit operation onboard the Lomonosov satellite in 2013.
Smoot GF
Santos MG, Balbi A, Borrill J, Ferreira PG, Hanany S, Jaffe AH, Lee AT, Magueijo J, Rabii B, Richards PL, Smoot GF, Stompor R, Winant CD, and Wu JH
We use the measurement of the cosmic microwave background taken during the MAXIMA-1 flight to estimate the bispectrum of cosmological perturbations. We propose an estimator for the bispectrum that is appropriate in the flat sky approximation, apply it to the MAXIMA-1 data, and evaluate errors using bootstrap methods. We compare the estimated value with what would be expected if the sky signal were Gaussian and find that it is indeed consistent, with a chi(2) per degree of freedom of approximately unity. This measurement places constraints on models of inflation.
Wu JH, Balbi A, Borrill J, Ferreira PG, Hanany S, Jaffe AH, Lee AT, Rabii B, Richards PL, Smoot GF, Stompor R, and Winant CD
Gaussianity of the cosmological perturbations is one of the key predictions of standard inflation, but it is violated by other models of structure formation such as cosmic defects. We present the first test of the Gaussianity of the cosmic microwave background (CMB) on subdegree angular scales, where deviations from Gaussianity are most likely to occur. We apply the methods of moments, cumulants, the Kolmogorov test, the chi(2) test, and Minkowski functionals in eigen, real, Wiener-filtered, and signal-whitened spaces, to the MAXIMA-1 CMB anisotropy data. We find that the data, which probe angular scales between 10 arcmin and 5 deg, are consistent with Gaussianity. These results show consistency with the standard inflation and place constraints on the existence of cosmic defects.
Jaffe AH, Ade PA, Balbi A, Bock JJ, Bond JR, Borrill J, Boscaleri A, Coble K, Crill BP, de Bernardis P, Farese P, Ferreira PG, Ganga K, Giacometti M, Hanany S, Hivon E, Hristov VV, Iacoangeli A, Lange AE, Lee AT, Martinis L, Masi S, Mauskopf PD, Melchiorri A, Montroy T, Netterfield CB, Oh S, Pascale E, Piacentini F, Pogosyan D, Prunet S, Rabii B, Rao S, Richards PL, Romeo G, Ruhl JE, Scaramuzzi F, Sforna D, Smoot GF, Stompor R, Winant CD, and Wu JH
Recent results from BOOMERANG-98 and MAXIMA-1, taken together with COBE DMR, provide consistent and high signal-to-noise measurements of the cosmic microwave background power spectrum at spherical harmonic multipole bands over 2
Devlin MJ, Clapp AC, Fischer ML, Gundersen JO, Holmes W, Lange AE, Lubin PM, Meinhold PR, Richards PL, and Smoot GF
Bennett CL, Boggess NW, Cheng ES, Hauser MG, Kelsall T, Mather JC, Moseley SH Jr, Murdock TL, Shafer RA, Silverberg RF, Smoot GF, Weiss R, and Wright EL
The National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) has flown the COBE satellite to observe the Big Bang and the subsequent formation of galaxies and large-scale structure. Data from the Far-Infrared Absolute Spectrophotometer (FIRAS) show that the spectrum of the cosmic microwave background is that of a black body of temperature T = 2.73 +/- 0.06 K, with no deviation from a black-body spectrum greater than 0.25% of the peak brightness. The data from the Differential Microwave Radiometers (DMR) show statistically significant cosmic microwave background anisotropy, consistent with a scale-invariant primordial density fluctuation spectrum. Measurements from the Diffuse Infrared Background Experiment (DIRBE) provide new conservative upper limits to the cosmic infrared background. Extensive modeling of solar system and galactic infrared foregrounds is required for further improvement in the cosmic infrared background limits.
Davis RL, Hodges HM, Smoot GF, Steinhardt PJ, and Turner MS
Gorenstein MV, Muller RA, Smoot GF, and Tyson JA
We have developed a 33-GHz airborne radiometer system to map large angular scale variations in the temperature of the 3 K cosmic background radiation. A ferrite circulator switches a room-temperature mixer between two antennas pointing 60 degrees apart in the sky. In 40 min of observing, the radiometer can measure the anisotropy of the microwave background with an accuracy of +/-1 mK rms, or about 1 part in 3000 of 3 K. The apparatus is flown in a U-2 jet to 20 km altitude where 33-GHz thermal microwave emission from the atmosphere is at a low level. A second radiometer, tuned to 54 GHz near oxygen emission lines, monitors spurious signals from residual atmospheric radiation. The antennas, which have an extremely low side-lobe response of less than -65 dB past 60 degrees , reject anisotropic radiation from the earth's surface. Periodic interchange of the antenna positions and reversal of the aircraft's flight direction cancel equipment-based imbalances. The system has been operated successfully in U-2 aircraft flown from NASA-Ames at Moffett Field, CA.
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