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Transjugular intrahepatic portosystemic shunt (TIPS) is a nonsurgical intervention to reduce portal pressure by creating a low-resistance channel between the portal and systemic circulations. It is a well-accepted treatment for gastroesophageal varices and refractory ascites. This review aims to discuss the evidence-based applications of TIPS in other complications of portal hypertension beyond gastroesophageal varices and refractory ascites. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose of review: The purpose of this review is to highlight the current role of machine learning and artificial intelligence and in the field of interventional oncology. Recent findings: With advancements in technology, there is a significant amount of research regarding the application of artificial intelligence and machine learning in medicine. Interventional oncology is a field that can benefit greatly from this research through enhanced image analysis and intraprocedural guidance. These software developments can increase detection of cancers through routine screening and improve diagnostic accuracy in classifying tumors. They may also aid in selecting the most effective treatment for the patient by predicting outcomes based on a combination of both clinical and radiologic factors. Furthermore, machine learning and artificial intelligence can advance intraprocedural guidance for the interventional oncologist through more accurate needle tracking and image fusion technology. This minimizes damage to nearby healthy tissue and maximizes treatment of the tumor. While there are several exciting developments, this review also discusses limitations before incorporating machine learning and artificial intelligence in the field of interventional oncology. These include data capture and processing, lack of transparency among developers, validating models, integrating workflow, and ethical challenged. Summary: In summary, machine learning and artificial intelligence have the potential to positively impact interventional oncologists and how they provide cancer care treatments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Image-guided tumor ablative therapies are mainstay cancer treatment options but often require intra-procedural protective tissue displacement to reduce the risk of collateral damage to neighboring organs. Standard of care strategies, such as hydrodissection (fluidic injection), are limited by rapid diffusion of fluid and poor retention time, risking injury to adjacent organs, increasing cancer recurrence rates from incomplete tumor ablations, and limiting patient qualification. Herein, a "gel-dissection" technique is developed, leveraging injectable hydrogels for longer-lasting, shapeable, and transient tissue separation to empower clinicans with improved ablation operation windows and greater control. A rheological model is designed to understand and tune gel-dissection parameters. In swine models, gel-dissection achieves 24 times longer-lasting tissue separation dynamics compared to saline, with 40% less injected volume. Gel-dissection achieves anti-dependent dissection between free-floating organs in the peritoneal cavity and clinically significant thermal protection, with the potential to expand minimally invasive therapeutic techniques, especially across locoregional therapies including radiation, cryoablation, endoscopy, and surgery., (© 2024 Wiley‐VCH GmbH.)