27 results on '"Smok, Carolina"'
Search Results
2. Effect of hypoxia in the post-hatching development of the salmon (Salmo salar L.) spinal cord.
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Rojas, Mariana, Herna'ndez, Hilda, Smok, Carolina, Pello'n, Mario, Sandoval, Cristian, Salvatierra, Renato, Birditt, Katherine, and Castro, Rodrigo
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ATLANTIC salmon ,SPINAL cord ,NERVOUS system ,AGRICULTURE ,EMBRYOLOGY - Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia has a teratogenic effect on the fish during embryonic development. Nevertheless, the effects on the larval stage are not yet known. Therefore, the aim of this study was to assess the effects of hypoxia on the number of neurons and their apoptotic rate in the spinal cord of Salmo salar alevins after hatching. Methods: We used a total of 400 alevins, establishing both hypoxia and control (normoxia) groups (n = 8), considering post-hatching days 1, 3, 5, and 7, each with 50 individuals. Transversal sections of 50 mm thickness were cut from the alevin body. We performed cresyl-violet staining and counted the spinal cord neurons. Also, immunohistochemistry for HIF-1a and caspase-3 were used. For statistical analysis ANOVA one-way and Tukey's Test were used. Results: HIF-1a was expressed in spinal neurons in both the hypoxic and normoxic groups, with the former being significantly higher. Both the hypoxic and normoxic groups evidenced the process of neuronal apoptosis, with the hypoxic groups demonstrating a higher significance. The number of neurons in the spinal cord was significantly lower in the hypoxic group. Discussion:We found that when oxygen levels in the aquatic environmentwere low in Salmo salar farming alevins post-hatch, the number of spinal neurons dropped by half. These results contribute to increasing our knowledge of the biological development of salmon, in particular the genesis of the spinal cord, and the effects of hypoxic conditions on the development of this structure of the nervous system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
3. Effect of hypoxia on the posthatching growth of the body of the fry and the caudal fin of the Atlantic Salmon (Salmo salar).
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Rojas, Mariana, Salvatierra, Renato, Smok, Carolina, Sandoval, Cristian, Souza-Mello, Vanessa, and del Sol, Mariano
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ATLANTIC salmon ,HYPOXEMIA ,FISH farming ,HISTOLOGICAL techniques ,STAINS & staining (Microscopy) ,FISH reproduction - Abstract
Introduction: Hypoxia is a recurring problem in the fish farming industry. Currently, it is known that the exposure of fish and fry to a hypoxic environment induces important changes in their metabolism, compromising not only their development but also their reproduction and mortality rates. Our hypothesis is that hypoxia constitutes one of the etiological factors causing deformation of the body and caudal fin in this species, as well as affecting its growth. Methods: We analyzed two hundred forty Salmo salar salmon fry, differentially cultured at 100% saturation (normoxia condition) and 60% (hypoxia condition) for 2, 4, 6, and 8 days, including a group under continuous hypoxia. We performed diaphanization and Alcian blue staining, along with standard histological techniques. The polyclonal anti-HIF-1a antibody was used as a marker of hypoxia in Salmo salar, and hypoxia in these fish was associated with the immunopositivity of this antibody. Results and discussion: The results indicate that there is an association between exposure to hypoxia and the deformation of the body and fin, as well as an agreement between hypoxia and the total length of the fry and fin. Several months after the event occurred, we were able to find and describe angiogenesis, blood vessel disorganization, and vasodilation histologically. Finally, hypoxic cells in the fry (HIF-1a) could be recognized and confirmed as hypoxia sensors. All of this indicates that hypoxia not only affects the fry during the development phase of the event, but that its results can be evident much later and affect the fry throughout their entire ontogeny. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. Cellullae sustentaculares o Sustentocytus: Un Error en Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria y Terminologia Embryologica.
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Smok, Carolina, del Sol, Mariano, and Rojas, Mariana
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BASAL lamina , *STAINS & staining (Microscopy) , *FETAL development , *GERM cells , *GROWTH factors - Abstract
During prenatal development, the cells found inside the testicular cord, together with the primordial germ cells, have been called Cellullae sustentaculares in Nomina Embryologica Veterinaria (International Committee on Veterinary Embryological Nomenclature, 2017) and as Sustentocytus in Terminologia Embryologica (Federative International Program for Anatomical Terminology, 2013, 2017). Such a name can be explained because it is stated that these cells fulfill the important functions of providing support and nutrition to the germ line starting at puberty. Our hypothesis is that the name Sustentocytus is an error in both the NEV and the TE, so the objectives of this study were to demonstrate that the term Sustentocytus is erroneous, both in the NE and the TE, and to propose a new name that contemplates the morphofunctional characteristics of this cell. For this, human fetal testicles of the eighth, ninth and tenth weeks of development were histologically analyzed, which were cut serially at 5 µm thickness, using standard H-E and Alcian Blue techniques. During the initial fetal phase, Sustentocytus cannot fulfill the support functions assigned to them, because they are in the formation and proliferation stage. It is widely known that at this stage of development its main function is to produce the Factor antiparamesonephrico, which induces or triggers the involution of the Ductus mesonephricus destined for the formation of the Tuba uterina, Uterus, Pars superior vaginae. Furthermore, in the later phases of development these cells are arranged to form an epithelium on the basement membrane of the Chorda seminifera, at the same time that they secrete growth factors (Conei & Rojas, 2018). Taking into consideration the histological appearance and functionality, the proposed new name is: Endocrinocytus epithelii prenatalis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2024
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5. !Estudiando el Desarrollo Embrionario y Fetal con el Microscopio Virtual! En Tiempos de Covid-19/Studying Embryonic and Fetal Development with the Virtual Microscope! In the Times of Covid-19
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Rojas, Mariana, Cuevas, Fabrizio, Smok, Carolina, Roa, Ignacio, Conei, Daniel, Prieto, Ruth, and del Sol, Mariano
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- 2020
6. Embryo-fetal Development of Iris: Immunohistochemestry of Morphogen Shh/Desarrollo Embriofetal del Iris: Inmunotincion del Morfogeno Shh
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Pellon, Mario, Conei, Daniel, Saint-Pierre, Gustavo, Smok, Carolina, Donoso, Viviana, del Sol, Mariano, and Rojas, Mariana
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- 2019
7. Transiting from Embryo to Fetus: The Metamorphosis of the Chordata/ Transitando de Embrión a Feto: La Metamorfosis de los Cordados
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Smok, Carolina, Roa, Ignacio, Prieto, Ruth, and Rojas, Mariana
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- 2018
8. Similarities between Ontogeny and Post-fracture Bone Regeneration/ Similitudes entre Ontogenia y Regeneracion Osea Post-fractura
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Smok, Carolina and Rojas, Mariana
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- 2016
9. Bioestructura de la Piel de la Aleta Caudal del Salmón del Atlántico, en Estado Smolt y sus Interacciones con el Estado Chalimus del Caligus Rogercresseyi
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Pellón, Mario, primary, Smok, Carolina, additional, Vásquez, Bélgica, additional, del Sol, Mariano, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Desarrollo Embriofetal del Iris: Inmunotinción del Morfógeno Shh
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Pellón,Mario, Conei,Daniel, Saint-Pierre,Gustavo, Smok,Carolina, Donoso,Viviana, del Sol,Mariano, and Rojas,Mariana
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Sonic hedgehog ,Desarrollo Embrionario ,Iris ,Bulbo ocular - Abstract
RESUMEN: Para que se desarrolle el iris, se requiere una especificación de la capa periférica de la copa óptica a un destino no neuronal y además la migración de células mesenquimales perioculares. Nuestro objetivo fue reconocer los cambios histológicos de los derivados periféricos de la copa óptica y mesénquima periocular, como también reconocer la presencia del morfógeno Sonic hedgehog (Shh) en las capas que constituyen el esbozo de iris. Se utilizaron 15 ratones hembras (Mus musculus) adultas jóvenes gestantes. Se realizó eutanasia con tiopental sódico. Los embriones y fetos de 12, 14,5 y 17 días post-coital (dpc) fueron procesados con técnica histológica e inmunohistoquímica con anticuerpo anti-Shh (scbt, H-160, conejo) con dilución 1:100 en PBS. A los 12 dpc, se observa una cópa óptica que presenta capas retinianas interna y externa, y el iris no se observa. Entre el cristalino y el ectodermo superficial se identifican 4 capas de células mesenquimales. A los 14,5 dpc, el iris contiene dos capas epiteliales (interna y externa) que se continúan con las capas neural y pigmentaria de la retina. Se observan 8 capas de células mesenquimales. A los 17 dpc, la capa epitelial interna del iris presenta un segmento más elongado con inmunotinción positiva a Shh y otra parte que constituye un epitelio de células cilíndricas simples negativas a este anticuerpo. La capa epitelial externa presenta el mismo epitelio inmunonegativo. Las capas de la retina también son positivas, como también la periferia del cristalino. No esta formado el iris ni tampoco el cuerpo ciliar. La inmunopositividad en el cristalino, en el primer segmento de la capa interna del esbozo del iris y en la capa ganglionar retinal a los 17 dpc, se relaciona con la diferenciación tardía del iris y con los ojos cerrados de las crías al nacimiento.
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- 2019
11. Embryo-fetal Development of Iris: Immunohistochemestry of Morphogen Shh
- Author
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Pellón, Mario, Conei, Daniel, Saint-Pierre, Gustavo, Smok, Carolina, Donoso, Viviana, del Sol, Mariano, and Rojas, Mariana
- Subjects
Sonic hedgehog ,Desarrollo Embrionario ,Eyeball ,embryonic structures ,Iris ,Embryonic Development ,Bulbo ocular - Abstract
RESUMEN: Para que se desarrolle el iris, se requiere una especificación de la capa periférica de la copa óptica a un destino no neuronal y además la migración de células mesenquimales perioculares. Nuestro objetivo fue reconocer los cambios histológicos de los derivados periféricos de la copa óptica y mesénquima periocular, como también reconocer la presencia del morfógeno Sonic hedgehog (Shh) en las capas que constituyen el esbozo de iris. Se utilizaron 15 ratones hembras (Mus musculus) adultas jóvenes gestantes. Se realizó eutanasia con tiopental sódico. Los embriones y fetos de 12, 14,5 y 17 días post-coital (dpc) fueron procesados con técnica histológica e inmunohistoquímica con anticuerpo anti-Shh (scbt, H-160, conejo) con dilución 1:100 en PBS. A los 12 dpc, se observa una cópa óptica que presenta capas retinianas interna y externa, y el iris no se observa. Entre el cristalino y el ectodermo superficial se identifican 4 capas de células mesenquimales. A los 14,5 dpc, el iris contiene dos capas epiteliales (interna y externa) que se continúan con las capas neural y pigmentaria de la retina. Se observan 8 capas de células mesenquimales. A los 17 dpc, la capa epitelial interna del iris presenta un segmento más elongado con inmunotinción positiva a Shh y otra parte que constituye un epitelio de células cilíndricas simples negativas a este anticuerpo. La capa epitelial externa presenta el mismo epitelio inmunonegativo. Las capas de la retina también son positivas, como también la periferia del cristalino. No esta formado el iris ni tampoco el cuerpo ciliar. La inmunopositividad en el cristalino, en el primer segmento de la capa interna del esbozo del iris y en la capa ganglionar retinal a los 17 dpc, se relaciona con la diferenciación tardía del iris y con los ojos cerrados de las crías al nacimiento. SUMMARY: In order for the iris to develop, a specification of the peripheral layer of the optic cup to a non-neuronal target is required, as well as the migration of periocular mesenchymal cells. Our aim was to recognize the histological changes of peripheral derivatives of the optic cup and periocular mesenchyme, as well as recognize the presence of the morphogen Sonic hedgehog (Shh) in the layers constituting the outline of the iris. 15 female mice (Mus musculus) pregnant young adults were used. Euthanasia was performed with sodium thiopental. Embryos and fetuses of 12, 14.5 and 17 days post-coital (dpc) were processed with histological and immunohistochemical technique with anti-Shh antibody (scbt, H 160, rabbit) with dilution 1:100 in PBS. At 12 dpc, an optic cup showing internal and external retinal layers is observed, and the iris is not observed. Between the lens and the superficial ectoderm, 4 layers of mesenchymal cells are identified. At 14.5 dpc, the iris contains two epithelial layers (internal and external) that are continued with the neural and pigmentary layers of the retina. 8 layers of mesenchymal cells are observed. At 17 dpc, the inner epithelial layer of the iris presents a more elongated segment with positive immunostaining to Shh and another part that constitutes an epithelium of simple cylindrical cells negative to this antibody. The outer epithelial layer presents the same immunonegative epithelium. The layers of the retina are also positive, as well as the periphery of the lens. The iris is not formed nor is the ciliary body.The immunopositivity in the lens, in the first segment of the inner layer of the iris outline and in the retinal ganglion layer at 17 dpc, is related to the late differentiation of the iris and the closed eyes of the offspring at birth.
- Published
- 2019
12. Transitando de Embrión a Feto: La Metamorfosis de los Cordados
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Smok, Carolina, Roa, Ignacio, Prieto, Ruth, and Rojas, Mariana
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Embryo ,Organogenesis ,Embrión ,Prefetal ,Período metamórfico ,Organogénesis - Abstract
RESUMEN: Durante el período del desarrollo conocido como prefetal, el embrión cambia sus características ictiomórficas comunes a todos los vertebrados y adquiere gradualmente las formas propias de la especie que representa. Durante este período se forma la cara, involucionan los arcos faríngeos (branquiales) formándose el cuello, y aparecen los miembros. Se constituye, además, la hernia umbilical fisiológica, que consiste en la presencia de asas intestinales dentro del cordón umbilical. El sistema nervioso origina las vesículas telencefálicas, el diencéfalo, mesencéfalo, metencéfalo, y mielencéfalo. Este periodo corresponde a una etapa de máxima susceptibilidad ante los teratógenos que pueden generar malformaciones en todas las especies animales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar los principales eventos acontecidos durante el periodo prefetal, además de una visión y opinión de los autores, proponiendo una nueva denominación a la etapa: periodo metamórfico. SUMMARY: During the period of development known as prefetal, the embryo changes its ictiomorphic characteristics common to all vertebrates and gradually acquires the proper forms of the species it represents. During this period the face is formed, the pharyngeal arches (branchial) involute forming the neck, and the limbs appear. In addition, the physiological umbilical hernia is constituted, which consists of the presence of intestinal loops inside the umbilical cord. The nervous system originates the telencephalic vesicles, the diencephalon, mesencephalon, metencephalon, and myelencephalon. This period corresponds to a stage of maximum susceptibility to teratogens that can generate malformations in all animal species. The objective of this paper is to present the main events that took place during the preferential period, as well as a vision and opinion of the authors, proposing a new name for the stage: metamorphic period.
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- 2018
13. Transitando de Embrión a Feto: La Metamorfosis de los Cordados
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Smok,Carolina, Roa,Ignacio, Prieto,Ruth, and Rojas,Mariana
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Embrión ,Prefetal ,Período metamórfico ,Organogénesis - Abstract
RESUMEN: Durante el período del desarrollo conocido como prefetal, el embrión cambia sus características ictiomórficas comunes a todos los vertebrados y adquiere gradualmente las formas propias de la especie que representa. Durante este período se forma la cara, involucionan los arcos faríngeos (branquiales) formándose el cuello, y aparecen los miembros. Se constituye, además, la hernia umbilical fisiológica, que consiste en la presencia de asas intestinales dentro del cordón umbilical. El sistema nervioso origina las vesículas telencefálicas, el diencéfalo, mesencéfalo, metencéfalo, y mielencéfalo. Este periodo corresponde a una etapa de máxima susceptibilidad ante los teratógenos que pueden generar malformaciones en todas las especies animales. El objetivo del presente trabajo es presentar los principales eventos acontecidos durante el periodo prefetal, además de una visión y opinión de los autores, proponiendo una nueva denominación a la etapa: periodo metamórfico.
- Published
- 2018
14. Desarrollo Embriofetal del Iris: Inmunotinción del Morfógeno Shh
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Pellón, Mario, primary, Conei, Daniel, additional, Saint-Pierre, Gustavo, additional, Smok, Carolina, additional, Donoso, Viviana, additional, del-Sol, Mariano, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2019
- Full Text
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15. Similitudes entre Ontogenia y Regeneración Ósea Post-fractura
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Smok, Carolina and Rojas, Mariana
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Fractura ósea ,Bone fractures ,Regeneración ,Regeneration ,Osificación ,Ossification - Abstract
La osificación es un proceso que ocurre durante la embriogénesis al iniciar el periodo fetal. Se caracteriza por una condensación de células mesenquimáticas con una bipotencialidad condro y osteogénica para formar tejido óseo mediante osificación endocondral y membranosa respectivamente. La regeneración ósea es la respuesta generada con el fin conseguir la restitución del tejido tras un trauma. Este evento se caracteriza por la formación de un callo perióstico secundario cuya ontogénesis sigue los patrones embrionarios al presentar ambos tipos de osificación, además de la regulación molecular propia durante la etapa fetal, concluyendo que ambos procesos están íntimamente relacionados durante la ontogenia del individuo, con la excepción del proceso inflamatorio generado luego de una injuria. Bone ossification is a process that occurs during embryogenesis when fetal period begins. It is characterized by a condensation of mesenchymal cells with chondro and osteogenic bipotentiality, to form bone tissue by endochondral and membranous ossification respectively. Bone regeneration is the response generated in order to obtain the return of tissue after a trauma. This event is characterized by the formation of a secondary periosteal callus, which follows embryonic osteogenesis patterns introducing both types of ossification, besides their own molecular regulation during the fetal stage, concluding that both processes are closely related during ontogeny of the specimen, with the exception of the inflammatory process generated after an injury.
- Published
- 2016
16. Implantation of Autologous Stem Cells Derived from Adipose Tissue in Rat Bone Fractures
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Smok, Carolina, primary, Meruane, Manuel, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
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17. Foetal Development in Mammals
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Smok, Carolina, primary, Roa, Ignacio, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2018
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18. Modeling the Body of the Embryo during the Somitic Period
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Rojas, Mariana, primary and Smok, Carolina, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. Transitando de Embrión a Feto: La Metamorfosis de los Cordados
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Smok, Carolina, primary, Roa, Ignacio, additional, Prieto, Ruth, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
20. Similitudes entre Ontogenia y Regeneración Ósea Post-fractura
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Smok, Carolina, primary and Rojas, Mariana, additional
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- 2016
- Full Text
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21. Face and Neck Development in Vertebrates
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Meruane, Manuel, Smok, Carolina, and Rojas, Mariana
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Neural crest cells ,Crestas neurales ,Face ,Malformaciones ,Cara ,Malformations ,Cuello ,Arcos faríngeos ,Pharyngeal arches ,Neck - Abstract
The embryonic development of the facial area, neck, nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities with glands, involves growth and fusion of multi-dimensional processes. There is involvement of elements from the embryo-derived local 3 layers cells further neural crest derived cells from the neighbors rhombomeres. The neural crest cells are involved in the formation of local skeleton, among other structures. The study of evolution from jawless vertebrates shows us how Hox genes are expressed in different species, and how this determines the formation of different structures. The following review contemplate some morphological, molecular and evolutionary basis of facial and neck development, with emphasis on mammals with an epilogue concerning to the face and neck malformations in humans. El desarrollo embrionario de las regiones facial, del cuello, cavidades nasales y oral en conjunto con las glándulas asociadas, involucra el crecimiento y fusión tridimensional de múltiples procesos. Existe participación de elementos derivados de las 3 capas embrionarias locales y adicionalmente de células derivas de la cresta neural, procedentes de los rombómeros vecinos. Estas últimas se ven involucradas en la formación del esqueleto local, entre otras estructuras. El estudio evolutivo desde los vertebrados sin mandíbula nos enseña como se expresan los genes Hox en las diferentes especies, y como esto determina la formación de diferentes estructuras. En la siguiente revisión contemplamos algunos aspectos morfológicos, moleculares y evolutivos básicos del desarrollo facial y cervical, con énfasis en mamíferos con un epílogo referente a las malformaciones de la región en humanos.
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- 2012
22. Face and Neck Development in Vertebrates
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Meruane,Manuel, Smok,Carolina, and Rojas,Mariana
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Neural crest cells ,Face ,Malformations ,Pharyngeal arches ,Neck - Abstract
The embryonic development of the facial area, neck, nasal, oral and pharyngeal cavities with glands, involves growth and fusion of multi-dimensional processes. There is involvement of elements from the embryo-derived local 3 layers cells further neural crest derived cells from the neighbors rhombomeres. The neural crest cells are involved in the formation of local skeleton, among other structures. The study of evolution from jawless vertebrates shows us how Hox genes are expressed in different species, and how this determines the formation of different structures. The following review contemplate some morphological, molecular and evolutionary basis of facial and neck development, with emphasis on mammals with an epilogue concerning to the face and neck malformations in humans.
- Published
- 2012
23. Experiencias de Blog: Placenta Comparada
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Prieto, Ruth, Smok, Carolina, and Rojas, Mariana
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Placental expulsion ,Placenta comparada ,Compared placenta ,Placenta ,Alumbramiento ,Delivery - Abstract
Las Tics son hoy en día la metodología de vanguardia utilizada en todos los niveles de la enseñanza, por ello diseñamos un blogspot sobre Placenta Comparada. Los visitantes encontraron contenidos e imágenes originales en las diferentes etapas del desarrollo. Se utilizaron 10 placentas humanas y 14 de animales para las imágenes y material educativo del blog, éstas se fotografiaron macroscópica y mesoscópicamente, posteriormente se procesaron mediante técnicas histológicas. Para la evaluación de las visitas al blogs se utilizaron parámetros estadísticos pertenecientes al formato blogs, entre los meses de mayo a diciembre de 2010 y una encuesta de opinión en relación a los item: fotografía, diseño del blog y video de alumbramiento. La estadística del blog mostró: un número de 9057 visitas, que en su totalidad fue público hispanohablante. El tema más buscado fue características macroscópicas de placenta humana; entre las palabras clave, placenta humana, de ratón y conejo entre otras. El sistema operativo más utilizado fue Windows y el buscador preferido, Explorer. La encuesta aplicada arrojó los siguientes resultados: los encuestados fueron mayoritariamente mujeres del área de la obstetricia, el acceso al blog fue a través de docentes. El blog cumplió en un 80,6% la expectativa del visitante, al 62% le pareció atractivo, ordenado y didáctico. El 57,4% consideró las imágenes explicativas, de fácil comprensión, novedosas y el 27,8 % requería de conocimiento previo para el contenido del blog. De los aspectos microscópicos el 59,2% las valoró como explicativas, de fácil comprensión, novedosas; igual calificación recibió en un 50% el video de alumbramiento y en un 36% anexos embrionarios y variaciones de placenta humana. Placenta comparada fue calificada como novedosa en un 27,8% y en un 34,3% requería conocimiento previo. Los resultados mostraron que la metodología blog es valorada para el aprendizaje, en lo clínico, en el autoaprendizaje como material original de apoyo, e incluso para el público no experto es novedoso y sorprendente. Nowadays, Tics are state of the art methodology used at all educational levels. Therefore, we designed a blog spot about Compared Placenta. Visitors found original content and pictures of different development stages. Ten human and 14 mammal placentas were used for pictures and educational material of the blog; macroscopic and mesoscopic photographs were taken and were subsequently processed by histological techniques. For evaluation of blog visits, statistics parameters pertaining to blog format were used between May and December 2010, as well as an opinion survey, related to the items: photographs, blog design and video delivery. Blog statistics showed a number of 9057 visitors, all Spanish speakers. The most searched topic was macroscopic characteristics of human placenta; among them , key words, human, rat and rabbit placenta. The operating system used was Windows and the preferred browser, Explorer. The survey showed the following results: respondents were mostly women of the obstetrics area; blog access was through teachers. The blog met the expectations of visitors by 80.6%, while 62% found it attractive, tidy and didactic; 57.4% considered images explicative, easy to understand with novel pictures; 27.8% required prior knowledge for blog content. About microscopic aspects 59.2% rated them explanatory, easy to understand and novel; the delivery video received 50% equal rating and embryonic annexes and variations of human placenta received a 36% rating. Compared placenta was qualified as novel by 27.8% and in 34.3% required prior knowledge. Results showed that blog methodology is valued in: learning, clinical aspect, as original material support for autolearning, and furthermore considered innovative and surprising even for the lay public.
- Published
- 2011
24. Túnicas Testiculares Durante la Fase de Reposo y Actividad Sexual del Conejo Macho (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
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Smok, Carolina, Flores, Estefanía, Cattaneo, Gino, Adaro, Luis, and Rojas, Mariana
- Subjects
Testículo ,Túnica Albugínea ,Saco cremastérico ,Cremasteric sac ,Testicle ,Rabbit ,Seasonality ,Albuginea tunic ,Estacionalidad - Abstract
La domesticación del conejo (Oryctolagus cuniculus), ha permitido el paso de una reproducción de tipo anual a una de tipo no estacional, observándose pariciones durante todo el año. Sin embargo, existen parámetros reproductivos que nos indican que aún existe cierta estacionalidad, por ejemplo, la ubicación testicular, correspondiendo el conejo a un estacional de días largos. El presente estudio analiza la morfología de testículos y epidídimos, comparando la bioestructura de las cubiertas testiculares del conejo macho (Oryctolagus cuniculus), durante los meses de Enero y Septiembre. Para esto, se utilizaron seis conejos machos, tres correspondientes al mes de Enero, y tres al mes de Septiembre. Los ejemplares se encontraban clínicamente sanos y sexualmente maduros, de peso promedio 2,5 kg. Se obtuvieron los testículos junto a sus respectivos sacos escrotales, los que se procesaron mediante técnica histológica corriente y tricrómico. Se consignó el Indice espermatogénico (IE) e índice celular interticial (ICI) según Grocock & Clarke. Durante el mes de Enero, se evidenció una clara disminución de los parámetros reproductivos testiculares, con un IE =3, y un ICI=4. Por el contrario, durante el mes de Septiembre, se observó un IE=5 y ICI=5. La túnica albugínea mostró diferencias de espesor en ambos períodos. Sin embargo, se encontró un gran desarrollo de la musculatura cremastérica en ambas etapas, por lo que se concluye que ésta última no sufre atrofia durante el mes de Enero, atribuible posiblemente, a la criptorquidia facultativa que posee esta especie. The domestication of the rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) has allowed the passage of a reproduction of the annual rate to a non-seasonal type, observing calving throughout the year. However, there are reproductive parameters which indicate that there is still some seasonality, for example, testicular position, which corresponds the rabbit to seasonal long days. This study examines the morphology of testes and epididymis, comparing the biostructure of testicular coverings of male rabbit (Oryctolagus cuniculus) during the resting phase and sexual activity. For this, six male rabbits were used, three for the month of January, and three in September. The specimens were clinically healthy, sexually mature, and had an average weight of 2.5 kg. Testes were obtained with their scrotal sacs, which are processed using current histological and trichromic technique. Spermatogenic index and interstitial cell index were recorded according to Grocock & Clarke. During the month of January, it showed a clear decrease in testicular reproductive parameters, with IE = 3, and ICI = 4. By contrast, during the sexual activity it was observed IE = 5 and ICI = 5. During both periods, the albuginea tunic showed no large variations in thickness. Further, there is a great development of the cremasteric muscle in both stages, it was concluded that it does not undergo atrophy during the regression phase, possibly attributable to the voluntary cryptorchidism that this species has.
- Published
- 2010
25. Desarrollo de Cara y Cuello en Vertebrados
- Author
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Meruane, Manuel, primary, Smok, Carolina, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. Experiencias de Blog: Placenta Comparada
- Author
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Prieto, Ruth, primary, Smok, Carolina, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
- Published
- 2011
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Túnicas Testiculares Durante la Fase de Reposo y Actividad Sexual del Conejo Macho (Oryctolagus cuniculus)
- Author
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Smok, Carolina, primary, Flores, Estefanía, additional, Cattaneo, Gino, additional, Adaro, Luis, additional, and Rojas, Mariana, additional
- Published
- 2010
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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