344 results on '"Smitherman P"'
Search Results
2. Insurance Status and Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Initiation Among Children With Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis in the CARRA Registry.
- Author
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Roberts, Jordan, Williams, Kathryn, Dallas, Johnathan, Eckert, Mary, Huie, Livie, Smitherman, Emily, Soulsby, William, Zhao, Yongdong, and Son, Mary
- Subjects
Medicaid ,antirheumatic agents ,health insurance ,juvenile idiopathic arthritis ,social determinants of health ,tumor necrosis factor inhibitors ,Humans ,Child ,Arthritis ,Juvenile ,Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitors ,Retrospective Studies ,Rheumatology ,Antirheumatic Agents ,Insurance Coverage ,Registries - Abstract
OBJECTIVE: Prompt escalation to tumor necrosis factor inhibitors (TNFis) is recommended for children with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) and ongoing disease activity despite treatment with conventional disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (cDMARDs). It is unknown whether these recommendations are equitably followed for children with different insurance types. We assessed the association of insurance coverage on the odds and timing of TNFi use. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective study of children with newly diagnosed JIA in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry. We compared the odds of starting a TNFi in the first year and time from cDMARD to TNFi initiation between those with public and private insurance. RESULTS: We identified 1086 children with new JIA diagnoses. Publicly insured children had significantly higher active joint counts and parent/patient global assessment scores at the enrollment visit. They were also more likely to have polyarticular arthritis compared to those with private insurance. Odds of any TNFi use in the first year did not differ between publicly and privately insured children. Publicly insured children were escalated from cDMARD to TNFi more quickly than privately insured children. CONCLUSION: Children who were publicly insured had more severe disease and polyarticular involvement at registry enrollment compared to those who were privately insured. Whereas overall TNFi use did not differ between children with different insurance types, publicly insured children were escalated more quickly, consistent with their increased disease severity. Further research is needed to determine why insurance coverage type is associated with disease severity, including how other socioeconomic factors affect presentation to care.
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- 2023
3. Electronic health record modification and dashboard development to improve clinical care in pediatric rheumatology
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Livie Timmerman, Heather Dutton, Nicholas McDannald, Emily A. Smitherman, and Melissa L. Mannion
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electronic health record ,dashboard ,population management ,juvenile idiopathic arthritis ,pediatric rheumatology ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 - Abstract
ObjectiveThis report describes our experience in electronic health record (EHR) note modification and creation of an external dashboard to create a local learning health system that contributes to quality improvement and patient care within our pediatric rheumatology clinic.MethodsWe applied quality improvement methodology to develop a more reliable and accurate system to identify patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis and track important measures that aide in improving patient care and performance outcomes. From 2019 to 2021, we iteratively modified our outpatient clinic EHR note to include structured data elements to improve longitudinal monitoring. We then validated data transferred to an electronic dashboard external to the EHR and demonstrated utility for identifying an accurate patient population and tracking quality improvement initiatives.ResultsCreation of the structured data elements improved the identification of patients with JIA with >99% accuracy and without requiring manual review of the chart. Using the dashboard to monitor performance, we improved documentation of critical disease activity measures that resulted in improvement in those scores across the local population of patients with JIA. The structured data elements also enabled us to automate electronic data transfer to a multicenter learning network registry.ConclusionThe structured data element modifications made to our outpatient EHR note populate a local dashboard that allows real time access to critical information for patient care, population management, and improvement in quality metrics. The collection and monitoring of structured data can be scaled to other quality improvement initiatives in our clinic and shared with other centers.
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- 2024
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4. Re-envisioning community genetics: community empowerment in preventive genomics
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Wand, Hannah, Martschenko, Daphne O, Smitherman, Annamaria, Michelson, Sheryl, Pun, Ting, Witte, John S, Scott, Stuart A, Cho, Mildred K, and Ashley, Euan A
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Biological Sciences ,Genetics ,Clinical Research ,Health Services ,Prevention ,Generic health relevance ,Good Health and Well Being ,Preventive Genomics Program Co-Design Working Group ,Community engagement ,Implementation science ,Polygenic scores ,Precision public health ,Program development - Abstract
As genomic technologies rapidly develop, polygenic scores (PGS) are entering into a growing conversation on how to improve precision in public health and prevent chronic disease. While the integration of PGS into public health and clinical services raises potential benefits, it also introduces potential harms. In particular, there is a high level of uncertainty about how to incorporate PGS into clinical settings in a manner that is equitable, just, and aligned with the long-term goals of many healthcare systems to support person-centered and value-based care. This paper argues that any conversation about whether and how to design and implement PGS clinical services requires dynamic engagement with local communities, patients, and families. These parties often face the consequences, both positive and negative, of such uncertainties and should therefore drive clinical translation. As a collaborative effort between hospital stakeholders, community partners, and researchers, this paper describes a community-empowered co-design process for addressing uncertainty and making programmatic decisions about the implementation of PGS into clinical services. We provide a framework for others interested in designing clinical programs that are responsive to, and inclusive and respectful of, local communities.
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- 2023
5. Translating research into practice—implementation recommendations for pediatric rheumatology; Proceedings of the childhood arthritis and rheumatology research alliance 2020 implementation science retreat
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Yildirim-Toruner, Cagri, Pooni, Rajdeep, Goh, Y Ingrid, Becker-Haimes, Emily, Dearing, James W, Fernandez, Maria E, Morgan, Esi M, Parry, Gareth, Burnham, Jon M, Ardoin, Stacy P, Barbar-Smiley, Fatima, Chang, Joyce C, Chiraseveenuprapund, Peter, Del Gaizo, Vincent, Eakin, Guy, Johnson, Lisa C, Kimura, Yukiko, Knight, Andrea M, Kohlheim, Melanie, Lawson, Erica F, Lo, Mindy S, Pan, Nancy, Ring, Andrea, Ronis, Tova, Sadun, Rebecca E, Smitherman, Emily A, Taxter, Alysha J, Taylor, Janalee, Vehe, Richard K, Vora, Sheetal S, Weiss, Jennifer E, and von Scheven, Emily
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Paediatrics ,Biomedical and Clinical Sciences ,Clinical Sciences ,Autoimmune Disease ,Arthritis ,Pediatric Research Initiative ,Pediatric ,Inflammatory and immune system ,Arthritis ,Juvenile ,Biomedical Research ,Humans ,Implementation Science ,Pediatrics ,Rheumatology ,Translational Research ,Biomedical ,Implementation sciences ,Knowledge translation ,Dissemination ,Implementation ,Strategy ,Framework ,Pediatric rheumatology ,MAS for the CARRA Implementation Science Workgroup ,Paediatrics and Reproductive Medicine ,Arthritis & Rheumatology ,Clinical sciences - Abstract
The translation of research findings into clinical practice is challenging, especially fields like in pediatric rheumatology, where the evidence base is limited, there are few clinical trials, and the conditions are rare and heterogeneous. Implementation science methodologies have been shown to reduce the research- to- practice gap in other clinical settings may have similar utility in pediatric rheumatology. This paper describes the key discussion points from the inaugural Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Implementation Science retreat held in February 2020. The aim of this report is to synthesize those findings into an Implementation Science Roadmap for pediatric rheumatology research. This roadmap is based on three foundational principles: fostering curiosity and ensuring discovery, integration of research and quality improvement, and patient-centeredness. We include six key steps anchored in the principles of implementation science. Applying this roadmap will enable researchers to evaluate the full range of research activities, from the initial clinical design and evidence acquisition to the application of those findings in pediatric rheumatology clinics and direct patient care.
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- 2022
6. Examining Mathematics Teacher Motivation during Lesson Study: The Role of Contextual Factors for Perceived Relatedness
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Petty, Clinton Scott, Eddy, Colleen M., and Pratt, Sarah Smitherman
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Motivated teachers are more likely to exhibit enhanced interest, persistence, and confidence when engaged in professional development (PD); yet, facilitators often neglect teacher motivation when implementing PD. Self-determination theory suggests that social and environmental contextual factors influence the psychological need of relatedness which promotes motivation. Therefore, PD facilitators could enhance teacher motivation by emphasizing supportive factors when asking teachers to participate in novel learning activities. We drew on self-determination theory for this qualitative case study to examine eight secondary mathematics teachers' perceptions of relatedness when participating in lesson study (LS). Our results derive from semi-structured interviews, journal entries, and field notes. Analysis of data indicated that positive interpersonal dynamics and collective agency reflected contextual factors that increased perceived feelings of relatedness while negative interpersonal dynamics reduced perceptions of relatedness. Participants who experienced satisfaction of relatedness through supportive contextual factors credited them as increasing their learning during LS. Conversely, members who reported less relatedness satisfaction via negative interpersonal dynamics expressed various degrees of learning. Those perceiving interpersonal conflict reported diminished learning while participants experiencing substantive conflict reported increased learning. Understanding social and environmental factors shaping relatedness could guide PD facilitators who seek to promote teacher motivation during LS.
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- 2023
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7. 1305 Implementing a treat to target strategy for lupus in the pediatric rheumatology clinic: baseline implementation assessment
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Jennifer L Huggins, Jon M Burnham, Emily A Smitherman, Aimee O Hersh, Julia G Harris, and Livie Timmerman
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2024
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8. The feasibility of health professional student delivered social visits for stroke survivors with loneliness
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Jason Burnett, Jordan Broussard, Bronson Ciavarra, Louisa Smitherman, Mary Li, Emma Thames, Sharon Zachariah, Grace Kim, Rachel Pijnnaken, Hannah Zeller, John Halphen, Sean I. Savitz, Namkee Choi, and Jennifer E. S. Beauchamp
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stroke ,loneliness ,social isolation (SI) ,student-led ,social connectedness ,Medicine - Abstract
ObjectivesTo examine the feasibility of a social phone call program to address social isolation and loneliness in stroke survivors.Materials and methodsWe paired 14 lonely community-living stroke survivors with 14 health professional students for 6-weekly unstructured social phone calls. Feasibility data and measures of social isolation, loneliness and other psychosocial metrics were collected pre- and post-intervention. Students journaled following each unstructured call to capture the informal conversation and their sentiments.ResultsSixty-two percent of the targeted sample was interested. Fourteen eligible and interested participants were enrolled. The 13 (93%) participants completing all calls and surveys were an average of 57 years old, 85% female, and 77% non-Hispanic white. At baseline, participants were highly lonely and moderately depressed. Participants disclosed physical and emotional challenges, previous valued employment, and enjoyment from the calls. Students reported enjoying the connections, learning about the struggles of aging-in-place after stroke, and valuing compassionate care for the stroke population.ConclusionsKnowledge gaps remain regarding effective social support interventions to provide continuity of care directed at managing social disconnection after stroke. A health professional student-delivered social phone call intervention with stroke survivors appears to be a feasible, in part, and encouraging approach for addressing social isolation and loneliness. Future trials require re-evaluation of eligibility criteria and strategies to boost enrollment before efficacy testing is conducted in a larger trial.
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- 2024
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9. Disparities in fertility preservation use among adolescent and young adult women with cancer
- Author
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Meernik, Clare, Engel, Stephanie M., Wardell, Ally, Baggett, Christopher D., Gupta, Parul, Rodriguez-Ormaza, Nidia, Luke, Barbara, Baker, Valerie L., Wantman, Ethan, Rauh-Hain, Jose Alejandro, Mersereau, Jennifer E., Olshan, Andrew F., Smitherman, Andrew B., Cai, Jianwen, and Nichols, Hazel B.
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- 2023
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10. Frailty and comorbidities among young adult cancer survivors enrolled in an mHealth physical activity intervention trial
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Coffman, Erin M., Smitherman, Andrew B., Willis, Erik A., Ward, Dianne S., Tate, Deborah F., and Valle, Carmina G.
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- 2023
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11. Vaccination practices of pediatric oncologists from eight states
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Karely M. van Thiel Berghuijs, Heydon K. Kaddas, Echo L. Warner, Douglas B. Fair, Mark Fluchel, Elizabeth D. Knackstedt, Anupam Verma, Deanna Kepka, Adam L. Green, Andrew B. Smitherman, Lauren Draper, Rebecca H. Johnson, and Anne C. Kirchhoff
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Immunization ,Childhood ,Survivorship care ,Provider recommendation ,Public aspects of medicine ,RA1-1270 - Abstract
Abstract Background Vaccinations are a vital part of routine childhood and adolescent preventive care. We sought to identify current oncology provider practices, barriers, and attitudes towards vaccinating childhood and adolescent cancer patients and survivors. Methods We conducted a one-time online survey distributed from March-October 2018 to pediatric oncologists at nine institutions across the United States (N = 111, 68.8% participation rate). The survey included 32 items about vaccination practices, barriers to post-treatment vaccination, availability of vaccinations in oncology clinic, familiarity with vaccine guidelines, and attitudes toward vaccination responsibilities. Descriptive statistics were calculated in STATA 14.2. Results Participants were 54.0% female and 82.9% white, with 12.6% specializing in Bone Marrow Transplants. Influenza was the most commonly resumed vaccine after treatment (7030%). About 50%-60% were familiar with vaccine guidelines for immunocompromised patients. More than half (62.7%) recommended that patients restart most immunizations 6 months to 1 year after chemotherapy. Common barriers to providers recommending vaccinations included not having previous vaccine records for patients (56.8%) or lacking time to ascertain which vaccines are needed (32.4%). Of participants, 66.7% stated that vaccination should be managed by primary care providers, but with guidance from oncologists. Conclusions Many pediatric oncologists report being unfamiliar with vaccine guidelines for immunocompromised patients and almost all report barriers in supporting patients regarding vaccines after cancer treatment. Our findings show that further research and interventions are needed to help bridge oncology care and primary care regarding immunizations after treatment.
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- 2023
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12. Leukocyte Telomere Length and Childhood Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Black Womens Experiences Living with Lupus Study.
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Bridges, John, Chung, Kara, Martz, Connor, Smitherman, Emily, Drenkard, Cristina, Wu, Calvin, Lin, Jue, Lim, S, and Chae, David
- Abstract
OBJECTIVE: The study objective was to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosed in childhood versus adulthood. METHODS: Data are from the Black Womens Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) study. Multivariable linear regression analyses that examined childhood diagnosis of SLE (diagnosed before 18 years of age), age, and their interaction in relationship to LTL were conducted, adjusting for a range of demographic, socioeconomic, and health-related covariates. RESULTS: The total analytic sample size was 415. Forty participants (9.6%) were diagnosed in childhood. There was no main effect of childhood diagnosis on LTL (b = 0.007; 95% confidence interval [CI]: -0.089 to 0.103). However, the interaction between age and childhood diagnosis was significant (b = -0.008; 95% CI: -0.016 to -0.001), indicating a steeper inverse association between age and LTL among those diagnosed in childhood compared with those diagnosed in adulthood. This interaction remained statistically significant (P = 0.024) after controlling for disease duration measured dichotomously (less than 10 years vs. 10 years or more); it was marginally significant (P = 0.083) when controlling for disease duration measured continuously. CONCLUSION: This cross-sectional analysis suggests that Black women with childhood-onset SLE may undergo accelerated LTL shortening compared with their adult-onset counterparts. This relationship persisted even after controlling for differences in SLE damage and disease duration. These findings inform research on immunosenescence mechanisms of SLE.
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- 2022
13. 'This Wasn't Pedagogy, It Was Panicgogy': Perspectives of the Challenges Faced by Students and Instructors during the Emergency Transition to Remote Learning Due to COVID-19
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Spinks, M'Lyn, Metzler, Mike, Kluge, Stacy, Langdon, Jody, Gurvitch, Rachel, Smitherman, Marina, Esmat, Tiffany, Bhattacharya, Sylvia, Carruth, Laura, Crowther, Katy, Denton, Ren, Edwards, Ordene V., Shrikhande, Milind, and Strong-Green, Ashley
- Abstract
This qualitative study explores the impact of the emergency transition to remote education (ETRE) during the COVID-19 pandemic on instructors and students through the lens of self-determination theory (SDT). A modified thematic analysis of narratives from a cross-sectional survey revealed eight themes: Sense of loss/grief, Role conflict, Helplessness, I had no choice, This felt impossible, Lost connections, Am I safe, and They don't care about me. Sub-themes expound on their associated themes. Participant narratives shared feelings of trauma and crisis as they related experiences of higher education during the mandated global shutdown. The stories of these experiences are indicative of loss of autonomy, competence, and relatedness, tenets of self-determination. These experiences, for the majority of students, led to a loss of motivation to learn, participate, or produce meaningful work. For most instructors, the experiences led to a similar lassitude and frustration. The authors conclude that the experience of the ETRE negatively impacted both teaching and learning in the higher education setting. Recommendations include further development in higher education to support both instructors' and students' self-determination during catastrophic change.
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- 2023
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14. Vaccination practices of pediatric oncologists from eight states
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van Thiel Berghuijs, Karely M., Kaddas, Heydon K., Warner, Echo L., Fair, Douglas B., Fluchel, Mark, Knackstedt, Elizabeth D., Verma, Anupam, Kepka, Deanna, Green, Adam L., Smitherman, Andrew B., Draper, Lauren, Johnson, Rebecca H., and Kirchhoff, Anne C.
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- 2023
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15. Majority of new patient referrals to a large pediatric rheumatology center result in non-rheumatic diagnosis
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Reiff, Daniel D, Bridges, John M, Rife, Eileen C, Gennaro, Victoria L, McAllister, Linda, Reed, Annelle, Smith, Carolyn, Walker, Bethany, Weiser, Peter, Smitherman, Emily A, Stoll, Matthew L, Mannion, Melissa L, and Cron, Randy Q
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- 2023
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16. A multi-site pilot randomized clinical trial of the Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program: study design and COVID-19 adaptations
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Cunningham, Natoshia R., Miller, Alaina, Ely, Samantha L., Reid, Mallet R., Danguecan, Ashley, Mossad, Sarah I., Pereira, Luana Flores, Abulaban, Khalid, Kessler, Elizabeth, Rosenwasser, Natalie, Nanda, Kabita, Rubinstein, Tamar, Reeves, Mathew, Kohut, Sara Ahola, Stinson, Jennifer, Tal, Tala El, Levy, Deborah M., Hiraki, Linda, Smitherman, Emily A., and Knight, Andrea M.
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- 2023
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17. Majority of new patient referrals to a large pediatric rheumatology center result in non-rheumatic diagnosis
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Daniel D Reiff, John M Bridges, Eileen C Rife, Victoria L Gennaro, Linda McAllister, Annelle Reed, Carolyn Smith, Bethany Walker, Peter Weiser, Emily A Smitherman, Matthew L Stoll, Melissa L Mannion, and Randy Q Cron
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Pediatric Rheumatology ,Rheumatic disease ,Juvenile idiopathic arthritis ,Musculoskeletal joint pain ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Objective Pediatric rheumatology faces a looming supply-demand crisis. While strategies have been proposed to address the supply shortfall, investigation into the increased demand for pediatric rheumatic care has been limited. Herein, we analyze new patient visits to a large tertiary care pediatric rheumatology center to identify emerging trends in referrals and areas for potential intervention to meet this increased demand. Methods All patients referred to and seen by the University of Alabama at Birmingham Pediatric Rheumatology Division between January 2019 and December 2021 for a new patient evaluation were identified. Patient data was retrospectively abstracted, de-identified, and analyzed to develop trends in referrals and frequency of rheumatic disease, non-rheumatic disease, and specific diagnoses. Results During the study period, 2638 patients were referred to and seen in by the pediatric rheumatology division. Six hundred and ten patients (23.1%) were diagnosed with rheumatic disease. The most common rheumatic disease was juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) at 45.6%, followed by primary Raynaud phenomenon (7.4%), recurrent fever syndromes (6.9%), vasculitides (6.7%), and inflammatory eye disease (6.2%). Of the 2028 patients (76.9%) diagnosed with a non-rheumatic condition, benign musculoskeletal pain was the most common (61.8%), followed by a combination of somatic conditions (11.6%), and non-inflammatory rash (7.7%). Conclusion In this analysis of new patient referrals to a large pediatric rheumatology center, the majority of patients were diagnosed with a non-rheumatic condition. As a worsening supply-demand gap threatens the field of pediatric rheumatology, increased emphasis should be placed on reducing non-rheumatic disease referrals.
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- 2023
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18. Evaluating the Effects of Professional Development on Urban Mathematics Teachers TPACK Using Confidence Intervals
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Young, Jamaal Rashad, Young, Jeremiah, Hamilton, Christina, and Pratt, Sarah Smitherman
- Abstract
This article presents a practical application of meta-analytic thinking to contextualize the results through direct comparisons to similar studies. The results suggest that the professional development increased mathematics teachers' perceptions of their pedagogical knowledge (PK), technological knowledge (TK), pedagogical content knowledge (PCK), and technological content knowledge (TCK). The study results also indicate that despite smaller overall effect sizes, the outcomes observed in this urban intervention were not statistically significantly different from most prior research in this area. This is important because interventions in urban schools are often characterized as less successful than other instructional environments. Because of the chosen research approach, the research results have practical as well as empirical implications for the development and delivery of mathematics professional development in urban schools.
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- 2019
19. A multi-site pilot randomized clinical trial of the Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program: study design and COVID-19 adaptations
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Natoshia R. Cunningham, Alaina Miller, Samantha L. Ely, Mallet R. Reid, Ashley Danguecan, Sarah I. Mossad, Luana Flores Pereira, Khalid Abulaban, Elizabeth Kessler, Natalie Rosenwasser, Kabita Nanda, Tamar Rubinstein, Mathew Reeves, Sara Ahola Kohut, Jennifer Stinson, Tala El Tal, Deborah M. Levy, Linda Hiraki, Emily A. Smitherman, and Andrea M. Knight
- Subjects
Childhood-onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) ,RCT- randomized clinical trial ,Fatigue ,Depressive symptoms ,Pain ,Cognitive behavioral therapy ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract Background Childhood-onset Systemic Lupus Erythematosus (cSLE) is an autoimmune disease associated with fatigue, mood symptoms, and pain. Fortunately, these symptoms are potentially modifiable with psychological intervention such as cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT). The Treatment and Education Approach for Childhood-onset Lupus (TEACH) program is a CBT intervention developed to target these symptoms for adolescents and young adults with cSLE. This pilot randomized controlled trial (RCT) aims to determine the feasibility and effect of TEACH for youth with cSLE. Adjustments to the study protocol following the COVID-19 pandemic are also described. Methods This two-arm multisite RCT will explore the feasibility (primary outcome) and effect (secondary outcome) of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol. Participants will be randomized to a six-week remotely delivered TEACH program plus medical treatment as usual (TAU) or TAU alone. We will include patients ages 12–22 years presenting to rheumatology clinics from six sites. Validated measures of fatigue, depressive symptoms, and pain will be obtained at baseline and approximately eight and 20 weeks later. Protocol adjustments were also made due to the COVID-19 pandemic, in collaboration with the investigative team, which included patients and caregivers. Conclusions Findings from this multi-site RCT aim to document the feasibility of TEACH and provide an estimate of effect of a remotely delivered TEACH protocol on fatigue, depression, and pain symptoms in youth with cSLE as compared to standard medical treatment alone. This findings may positively impact clinical care for patients with cSLE. Clinical trials.gov registration: NCT04335643.
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- 2023
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20. Accelerated epigenetic aging and myopenia in young adult cancer survivors
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Stephanie C. Gehle, Daniel Kleissler, Hillary Heiling, Allison Deal, Zongli Xu, Vanessa L. Ayer Miller, Jack A. Taylor, and Andrew B. Smitherman
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aging ,cancer survivorship ,DNA methylation ,epigenetic age ,Neoplasms. Tumors. Oncology. Including cancer and carcinogens ,RC254-282 - Abstract
Abstract Background Young adult cancer survivors experience early aging‐related morbidities and mortality. Biological aging biomarkers may identify at‐risk survivors and increase our understanding of mechanisms underlying this accelerated aging. Methods Using an observational study design, we cross‐sectionally measured DNA methylation‐based epigenetic age in young adult cancer survivors at a tertiary, academic state cancer hospital. Participants were a convenience sample of consecutively enrolled survivors of childhood, adolescent, and young adult cancers treated with either an anthracycline or alkylating agent, and who were at least 3 months post‐treatment. Similarly aged healthy comparators were consecutively enrolled. Cancer treatment and treatment intensity were compared to DNA methylation‐based epigenetic age and pace of aging. Results Sixty survivors (58 completing assessments, mean age 20.5 years, range 18–29) and 27 comparators (mean age 20 years, range 17–29) underwent DNA methylation measurement. Survivors were predominantly female (62%) and white (60%) and averaged nearly 6 years post‐treatment (range 0.2–25 years). Both epigenetic age (AgeAccelGrim: 1.5 vs. −2.4, p
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- 2023
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21. The Impact of Transitioning to Emergency Remote Instruction on Perceptions of Preparation, Institutional Support and Teaching Effectiveness
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Metzler, Michael, Esmat, Tiffany A., Langdon, Jodi, Edwards, Ordene V., Carruth, Laura, Crowther, Kathryn, Shrikhande, Milind, Bhattacharya, Sylvia, Strong-Green, Ashley, Gurvitch, Rachel, Kluge, Stacy, Smitherman, Marina, and Spinks, M'Lyn
- Abstract
In the Spring term of 2020, nearly 90% of higher education institutions in the United States were forced to transition from primarily face-to-face (F2F) instruction to various modes of remote or online instruction in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. State-funded colleges and universities in Georgia were mandated to do the same in April of 2020, which led to a system-wide hiatus in face-to-face instruction while instructors prepared to return to all-remote teaching. This study examined the effects of this transition to Emergency Remote Instruction (ERI) at six institutions in Georgia, using a survey completed by 910 instructors who made that transition in at least one course in the Spring term of 2020. 65% of the instructors taught remotely or online for the first time after the transition. Instructors reported accessing a variety of institutional, collegial, and internet resources to aid in the transition, leading 53.4% of them to express that they were adequately prepared for ERI. Once classes resumed online, instructors found themselves to be needing much more time for remote instruction than their previous F2F instruction. From a one-word summary description of their experience, instructors reported that it led them to be challenged, stressed, overwhelmed, and exhausted.
- Published
- 2022
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22. LSO-022 Adverse childhood experiences and disease activity: the role of trauma in the black women’s experiences living with lupus (BeWELL) study
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Emily A Smitherman, Maria I Danila, Kara W Chung, Connor D Martz, David H Chae, Evelyn A Hunter, and John Bridges
- Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Published
- 2023
- Full Text
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23. Leukocyte Telomere Length and Childhood Onset of Systemic Lupus Erythematosus in the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus Study
- Author
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John Bridges, Kara W. Chung, Connor D. Martz, Emily A. Smitherman, Cristina Drenkard, Calvin Wu, Jue Lin, S. Sam Lim, and David H. Chae
- Subjects
Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Objective The study objective was to compare leukocyte telomere length (LTL) among patients with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) diagnosed in childhood versus adulthood. Methods Data are from the Black Women's Experiences Living with Lupus (BeWELL) study. Multivariable linear regression analyses that examined childhood diagnosis of SLE (diagnosed before 18 years of age), age, and their interaction in relationship to LTL were conducted, adjusting for a range of demographic, socioeconomic, and health‐related covariates. Results The total analytic sample size was 415. Forty participants (9.6%) were diagnosed in childhood. There was no main effect of childhood diagnosis on LTL (b = 0.007; 95% confidence interval [CI]: −0.089 to 0.103). However, the interaction between age and childhood diagnosis was significant (b = −0.008; 95% CI: −0.016 to −0.001), indicating a steeper inverse association between age and LTL among those diagnosed in childhood compared with those diagnosed in adulthood. This interaction remained statistically significant (P = 0.024) after controlling for disease duration measured dichotomously (less than 10 years vs. 10 years or more); it was marginally significant (P = 0.083) when controlling for disease duration measured continuously. Conclusion This cross‐sectional analysis suggests that Black women with childhood‐onset SLE may undergo accelerated LTL shortening compared with their adult‐onset counterparts. This relationship persisted even after controlling for differences in SLE damage and disease duration. These findings inform research on immunosenescence mechanisms of SLE.
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- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Translating research into practice—implementation recommendations for pediatric rheumatology; Proceedings of the childhood arthritis and rheumatology research alliance 2020 implementation science retreat
- Author
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Cagri Yildirim-Toruner, Rajdeep Pooni, Y. Ingrid Goh, Emily Becker-Haimes, James W. Dearing, Maria E. Fernandez, Esi M. Morgan, Gareth Parry, Jon M. Burnham, Stacy P. Ardoin, Fatima Barbar-Smiley, Joyce C. Chang, Peter Chiraseveenuprapund, Vincent Del Gaizo, Guy Eakin, Lisa C. Johnson, Yukiko Kimura, Andrea M. Knight, Melanie Kohlheim, Erica F. Lawson, Mindy S. Lo, Nancy Pan, Andrea Ring, Tova Ronis, Rebecca E. Sadun, Emily A. Smitherman, Alysha J. Taxter, Janalee Taylor, Richard K. Vehe, Sheetal S. Vora, Jennifer E. Weiss, Emily von Scheven, and MAS for the CARRA Implementation Science Workgroup
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Implementation sciences ,Knowledge translation ,Dissemination ,Implementation ,Strategy ,Framework ,Pediatrics ,RJ1-570 ,Diseases of the musculoskeletal system ,RC925-935 - Abstract
Abstract The translation of research findings into clinical practice is challenging, especially fields like in pediatric rheumatology, where the evidence base is limited, there are few clinical trials, and the conditions are rare and heterogeneous. Implementation science methodologies have been shown to reduce the research- to- practice gap in other clinical settings may have similar utility in pediatric rheumatology. This paper describes the key discussion points from the inaugural Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Implementation Science retreat held in February 2020. The aim of this report is to synthesize those findings into an Implementation Science Roadmap for pediatric rheumatology research. This roadmap is based on three foundational principles: fostering curiosity and ensuring discovery, integration of research and quality improvement, and patient-centeredness. We include six key steps anchored in the principles of implementation science. Applying this roadmap will enable researchers to evaluate the full range of research activities, from the initial clinical design and evidence acquisition to the application of those findings in pediatric rheumatology clinics and direct patient care.
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Influence of an AYA cancer program on cancer care delivery.
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Stein, Jacob Newton, Ritzwoller, Dawn, Swift, Catherine, Matson, Melissa, Wardell, Alexis Caroline, Winslow, Hannah Clark, Waters, Austin, Haines, Emily Ruth, Lux, Lauren, and Smitherman, Andrew Brian
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- 2024
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26. Correction: Examining mathematics teacher motivation during lesson study: the role of contextual factors for perceived relatedness
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Petty, Clinton Scott, Eddy, Colleen M., and Pratt, Sarah Smitherman
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- 2023
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27. An actionable needs assessment for adolescents and young adults with cancer: the AYA Needs Assessment & Service Bridge (NA-SB)
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Haines, Emily R., Lux, Lauren, Smitherman, Andrew B., Kessler, Melody L., Schonberg, Jacob, Dopp, Alex, Stover, Angela M., Powell, Byron J., and Birken, Sarah A.
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- 2021
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28. Comparative Effectiveness of a Second Tumor Necrosis Factor Inhibitor Versus a Non–Tumor Necrosis Factor Biologic in the Treatment of Patients With Polyarticular‐Course Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis
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Mannion, Melissa L., Amin, Shahla, Balevic, Stephen, Chang, Min‐Lee, Correll, Colleen K., Kearsley‐Fleet, Lianne, Hyrich, Kimme L., Beukelman, Timothy, Aamir, R., Abulaban, K., Adams, A., Aguiar Lapsia, C., Akinsete, A., Akoghlanian, S., Al Manaa, M., AlBijadi, A., Allenspach, E., Almutairi, A., Alperin, R., Amarilyo, G., Ambler, W., Amoruso, M., Angeles‐Han, S., Ardoin, S., Armendariz, S., Asfaw, L., Aviran Dagan, N., Bacha, C., Balboni, I., Balevic, S., Ballinger, S., Baluta, S., Barillas‐Arias, L., Basiaga, M., Baszis, K., Baxter, S., Becker, M., Begezda, A., Behrens, E., Beil, E., Benseler, S., Bermudez‐Santiago, L., Bernal, W., Bigley, T., Bingham, C., Binstadt, B., Black, C., Blackmon, B., Blakley, M., Bohnsack, J., Boneparth, A., Bradfield, H., Bridges, J., Brooks, E., Brothers, M., Brunner, H., Buckley, L., Buckley, M., Buckley, M., Bukulmez, H., Bullock, D., Canna, S., Cannon, L., Canny, S., Cartwright, V., Cassidy, E., Castro, D., Chalom, E., Chang, J., Chang, M., Chang, J., Chang‐Hoftman, A., Chen, A., Chiraseveenuprapund, P., Ciaglia, K., Co, D., Cohen, E., Collinge, J., Conlon, H., Connor, R., Cook, K., Cooper, A., Cooper, J., Corbin, K., Correll, C., Cron, R., Curry, M., Dalrymple, A., Datyner, E., Davis, T., De Ranieri, D., Dean, J., DeCoste, C., Dedeoglu, F., DeGuzman, M., Delnay, N., DeSantis, E., Devine, R., Dhalla, M., Dhanrajani, A., Dissanayake, D., Dizon, B., Drapeau, N., Drew, J., Driest, K., Du, Q., Duncan, E., Dunnock, K., Durkee, D., Dvergsten, J., Eberhard, A., Ede, K., Edelheit, B., Edens, C., El Tal, T., Elder, M., Elzaki, Y., Fadrhonc, S., Failing, C., Fair, D., Favier, L., Feldman, B., Fennell, J., Ferguson, P., Ferguson, I., Figueroa, C., Flanagan, E., Fogel, L., Fox, E., Fox, M., Franklin, L., Fuhlbrigge, R., Fuller, J., Furey, M., Futch‐West, T., Gagne, S., Gennaro, V., Gerstbacher, D., Gilbert, M., Gironella, A., Glaser, D., Goh, I., Goldsmith, D., Gorry, S., Goswami, N., Gottlieb, B., Graham, T., Grevich, S., Griffin, T., Grim, A., Grom, A., Guevara, M., Hahn, T., Halyabar, O., Hamda Natur, M., Hammelev, E., Hammond, T., Harel, L., Harris, J., Harry, O., Hausmann, J., Hay, A., Hays, K., Hayward, K., Henderson, L., Henrickson, M., Hersh, A., Hickey, K., Hiraki, L., Hiskey, M., Hobday, P., Hoffart, C., Holland, M., Hollander, M., Hong, S., Horton, D., Horwitz, M., Hsu, J., Huber, A., Huberts, A., Huggins, J., Huie, L., Hui‐Yuen, J., Ibarra, M., Imlay, A., Imundo, L., Inman, C., Jackson, A., James, K., Janow, G., Jared, S., Jiang, Y., Johnson, L., Johnson, N., Jones, J., Kafisheh, D., Kahn, P., Kaidar, K., Kasinathan, S., Kaur, R., Kessler, E., Kienzle, B., Kim, S., Kimura, Y., Kingsbury, D., Kitcharoensakkul, M., Klausmeier, T., Klein, K., Klein‐Gitelman, M., Knight, A., Kovalick, L., Kramer, S., Kremer, C., Kudas, O., LaFlam, T., Lang, B., Lapidus, S., Lapin, B., Lasky, A., Lawler, C., Lawson, E., Laxer, R., Lee, P., Lee, P., Lee, T., Lee, A., Leisinger, E., Lentini, L., Lerman, M., Levinsky, Y., Levy, D., Li, S., Lieberman, S., Lim, L., Limenis, E., Lin, C., Ling, N., Lionetti, G., Livny, R., Lloyd, M., Lo, M., Long, A., Lopez‐Peña, M., Lovell, D., Luca, N., Lvovich, S., Lytch, A., Ma, M., Machado, A., MacMahon, J., Madison, J., Mannion, M., Manos, C., Mansfield, L., Marston, B., Mason, T., Matchett, D., McAllister, L., McBrearty, K., McColl, J., McCurdy, D., McDaniels, K., McDonald, J., Meidan, E., Mellins, E., Mian, Z., Miettunen, P., Miller, M., Milojevic, D., Mitacek, R., Modica, R., Mohan, S., Moore, T., Moore, K., Moorthy, L., Moreno, J., Morgan, E., Moyer, A., Murante, B., Murphy, A., Muscal, E., Mwizerwa, O., Najafi, A., Nanda, K., Nasah, N., Nassi, L., Nativ, S., Natter, M., Nearanz, K., Neely, J., Newhall, L., Nguyen, A., Nigrovic, P., Nocton, J., Nolan, B., Nowicki, K., Oakes, R., Oberle, E., Ogbonnaya‐Whittesley, S., Ogbu, E., Oliver, M., Olveda, R., Onel, K., Orandi, A., Padam, J., Paller, A., Pan, N., Pandya, J., Panupattanapong, S., Toledano, A. Pappo, Parsons, A., Patel, J., Patel, P., Patrick, A., Patrizi, S., Paul, S., Perfetto, J., Perron, M., Peskin, M., Ponder, L., Pooni, R., Prahalad, S., Puplava, B., Quinlan‐Waters, M., Rabinovich, C., Rafko, J., Rahimi, H., Rampone, K., Ramsey, S., Randell, R., Ray, L., Reed, A., Reed, A., Reid, H., Reiff, D., Richins, S., Riebschleger, M., Rife, E., Riordan, M., Riskalla, M., Robinson, A., Robinson, L., Rodgers, L., Rodriquez, M., Rogers, D., Ronis, T., Rosado, A., Rosenkranz, M., Rosenwasser, N., Rothermel, H., Rothman, D., Rothschild, E., Roth‐Wojcicki, E., Rouster‐Stevens, K., Rubinstein, T., Rupp, J., Ruth, N., Sabbagh, S., Sadun, R., Santiago, L., Saper, V., Sarkissian, A., Scalzi, L., Schahn, J., Schikler, K., Schlefman, A., Schmeling, H., Schmitt, E., Schneider, R., Schulert, G., Schultz, K., Schutt, C., Seper, C., Sheets, R., Shehab, A., Shenoi, S., Sherman, M., Shirley, J., Shishov, M., Siegel, D., Singer, N., Sivaraman, V., Sloan, E., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smitherman, E., Soep, J., Son, Mary B., Sosna, D., Spencer, C., Spiegel, L., Spitznagle, J., Srinivasalu, H., Stapp, H., Steigerwald, K., Stephens, A., Sterba Rakovchik, Y., Stern, S., Stevens, B., Stevenson, R., Stewart, K., Stewart, W., Stingl, C., Stoll, M., Stringer, E., Sule, S., Sullivan, J., Sundel, R., Sutter, M., Swaffar, C., Swayne, N., Syed, R., Symington, T., Syverson, G., Szymanski, A., Taber, S., Tal, R., Tambralli, A., Taneja, A., Tanner, T., Tarvin, S., Tate, L., Taxter, A., Taylor, J., Tesher, M., Thakurdeen, T., Theisen, A., Thomas, B., Thomas, L., Thomas, N., Ting, T., Todd, C., Toib, D., Toib, D., Torok, K., Tory, H., Toth, M., Tse, S., Tsin, C., Twachtman‐Bassett, J., Twilt, M., Valcarcel, T., Valdovinos, R., Vallee, A., Van Mater, H., Vandenbergen, S., Vannoy, L., Varghese, C., Vasquez, N., Vega‐Fernandez, P., Velez, J., Verbsky, J., Verstegen, R., Scheven, E., Vora, S., Wagner‐Weiner, L., Wahezi, D., Waite, H., Walker, B., Walters, H., Waterfield, M., Waters, A., Weiser, P., Weiss, P., Weiss, J., Wershba, E., Westheuser, V., White, A., Widrick, K., Williams, C., Wong, S., Woolnough, L., Wright, T., Wu, E., Yalcindag, A., Yasin, S., Yeung, R., Yomogida, K., Zeft, A., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., and Zhu, A.
- Abstract
The objective of this study was to compare the effectiveness of a second tumor necrosis factor inhibitor (TNFi) versus a non‐TNFi biologic following discontinuation of a TNFi for patients with polyarticular‐course juvenile idiopathic arthritis (pJIA). Using the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry, patients with pJIA who started receiving a second biologic following a first TNFi were identified. Patients were required to have no active uveitis on the index date and a visit six months after the index date. Outcome measures included Clinical Juvenile Arthritis Disease Activity Score with a maximum of 10 active joints (cJADAS10), cJADAS10 inactive disease (ID; ≤2.5) and cJADAS10 minimal disease activity (MiDA; ≤5). Multiple imputation was used to account for missing data. Adjusted odds ratios (aORs) were calculated using propensity score quintiles to compare outcomes at six months following second biologic initiation. There were 216 patients included, 84% initially received etanercept, and most patients stopped receiving it because of its ineffectiveness (74%). A total of 183 (85%) started receiving a second TNFi, and 33 (15%) started receiving a non‐TNFi. Adalimumab was the most common second biologic received (71% overall, 84% of second TNFi), and tocilizumab was the most common non‐TNFi second biologic received (9% overall, 58% of non‐TNFi). There was no difference between receiving TNFi versus non‐TNFi in cJADAS10 ID (29% vs 25%; aOR 1.23, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.47–3.20) or at least MiDA (43% vs 39%; aOR 1.11, 95% CI 0.47–2.62) at six months. Most patients with pJIA started receiving TNFi rather than non‐TNFi as their second biologic, and there were no differences in disease activity at six months.
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- 2024
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29. Pharmacokinetics of hydroxychloroquine in paediatric lupus: data from a novel, direct-to-family clinical trial
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E Schmitt, C Smith, G Schulert, S Canna, A Grom, E Mellins, A Brown, J Smith, A Stevens, M Watson, S Jones, K Stewart, E Baker, A Kemp, T Davis, A Smith, S Jackson, C Williams, K Jones, T Mason, A Hanson, Y Zhao, B Thomas, A Reed, J Jones, J Cooper, T Lee, J Chang, M Holland, S Joshi, L Lim, C Ramírez, A Murphy, K Moore, E Pagano, B ferreira, S Li, P Lee, H Schmeling, K Abulaban, R Agbayani, S Akoghlanian, E Anderson, L Barillas-Arias, K Baszis, M Becker, H Bell-Brunson, H Benham, S Benseler, T Beukelman, H Brunner, H Bukulmez, L Cerracchio, E Chalom, K Chundru, J Dean, F Dedeoglu, V Dempsey, J Drew, B Feldman, P Ferguson, C Fleming, L Franco, I Goh, D Goldsmith, B Gottlieb, T Graham, T Griffin, M Hance, K Hickey, M Hollander, J Hsu, A Huber, C Hung, A Huttenlocher, L Imundo, C Inman, J Jaquith, L Jung, D Kingsbury, K Klein, M Klein-Gitelman, S Kramer, S Lapidus, D Latham, B Malla, M Malloy, A Martyniuk, K McConnell, D McCurdy, C McMullen-Jackson, L Moorthy, E Muscal, J Olson, K Onel, L Ponder, S Prahalad, C Rabinovich, S Ringold, M Riordan, A Robinson, M Rosenkranz, B Rosolowski, N Ruth, K Schikler, H Stapp, R Syed, M Tesher, A Thatayatikom, R Vehe, E von Scheven, D Wahezi, A Watts, J Weiss, J Wagner, S Kim, Y Zhang, L Favier, J Patel, S Morgan, A Jackson, J Stokes, L Marques, Stephen J Balevic, K Hayward, A White, J Nicholas, D Lovell, A Zeft, J Harris, E Lawson, C Moss, N George, M Sutter, A Cooper, M Adams, S Cooper, M Miller, C Black, R Schneider, J Taylor, R Sran, M Oliver, M Twilt, M Tóth, J Walker, M Mitchell, F De Benedetti, N Singer, M Fox, K Kaufman, A Merritt, R Stevenson, J Fuller, M Fitzgerald, A Davis, C Davis, L Henderson, J Woo, S Mohan, H Reid, Y Kimura, L Harel, R Laxer, K McCarthy, I Ferguson, E McCormick, A Hay, M Guzman, E Fox, P Hill, A PARSONS, S McGuire, J Lam, C Sandborg, B Stevens, J Boland, S Ballinger, E MENDOZA, J NOCTON, M Ritter, N Johnson, J Shirley, S Bowman, M Ibarra, S Hong, M Guevara, K James, L Santiago, A Adams, B DONALDSON, M Son, C Kremer, K Schmidt, T Wright, L Cannon, R Nicolai, M Freeman, S Spence, D Levy, J Paredes, K Gerhold, A Insalaco, T O'Brien, W Bernal, E Kessler, C Lin, M Lerman, T Hahn, B O'Brien, Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez, Christoph P Hornik, N Abel, J Aiello, C Alejandro, E Allenspach, R Alperin, M Alpizar, G Amarilyo, W Ambler, S Ardoin, S Armendariz, I Balboni, S Balevic, L Ballenger, N Balmuri, F Barbar-Smiley, M Basiaga, E Beltz, T Bigley, B Binstadt, M Blakley, J Bohnsack, A Boneparth, C Bracaglia, E Brooks, M Brothers, M Buckley, D Bullock, B Cameron, P Carper, V Cartwright, E Cassidy, A Chang-Hoftman, V Chauhan, P Chira, T Chinn, H Clairman, D Co, A Confair, H Conlon, R Connor, C Correll, R Corvalan, D Costanzo, R Cron, L Curiel-Duran, T Curington, M Curry, A Dalrymple, D De Ranieri, M De Guzman, N Delnay, E DeSantis, T Dickson, J Dingle, E Dorsey, S Dover, J Dowling, K Driest, Q Du, K Duarte, D Durkee, E Duverger, J Dvergsten, A Eberhard, M Eckert, K Ede, B Edelheit, C Edens, Y Edgerly, M Elder, B Ervin, S Fadrhonc, C Failing, D Fair, M Falcon, S Federici, J Fennell, R Ferrucho, K Fields, T Finkel, O Flynn, L Fogel, K Fritz, S Froese, R Fuhlbrigge, D Gerstbacher, M Gilbert, M Gillispie-Taylor, E Giverc, C Godiwala, H Goheer, E Gotschlich, A Gotte, C Gracia, S Grevich, J Griswold, P Guittar, M Hager, O Halyabar, E Hammelev, S Haro, O Harry, E Hartigan, J Hausmann, J Heiart, K Hekl, M Henrickson, A Hersh, S Hillyer, L Hiraki, M Hiskey, P Hobday, C Hoffart, M Horwitz, J Huggins, J HuiYuen, J Huntington, G Janow, S Jared, C Justice, A Justiniano, N Karan, U Khalsa, B Kienzle, M Kitcharoensakkul, T Klausmeier, B Kompelien, A Kosikowski, L Kovalick, J Kracker, J Lai, B Lang, B Lapin, A Lasky, L Lentini, S Lieberman, N Ling, M Lingis, M Lo, D Lowman, N Luca, S Lvovich, C Madison, J Madison, S Magni Manzoni, J Maller, M Mannion, C Manos, S Mathus, L McAllister, P McCurdy Stokes, I McHale, A McMonagle, E Meidan, R Mercado, L Michalowski, P Miettunen, D Milojevic, E Mirizio, E Misajon, R Modica, E Morgan Dewitt, T Moussa, V Mruk, R Nadler, B Nahal, K Nanda, N Nasah, L Nassi, S Nativ, M Natter, J Neely, B Nelson, L Newhall, L Ng, P Nigrovic, B Nolan, E Oberle, B Obispo, O Okeke, K O'Neil, A Orandi, M Orlando, S Osei-Onomah, R Oz, A Paller, N Pan, S Panupattanapong, M Pardeo, K Pentakota, P Pepmueller, T Pfeiffer, K Phillippi, D Pires Marafon, R Pooni, S Pratt, S Protopapas, B Puplava, J Quach, M Quinlan-Waters, S Radhakrishna, J Rafko, J Raisian, A Rakestraw, E Ramsay, S Ramsey, R Randell, K Remmel, A Repp, A Reyes, A Richmond, M Riebschleger, M Riskalla, R Rivas-Chacon, E Rodela, M Rodriquez, K Rojas, T Ronis, H Rothermel, D Rothman, E Roth-Wojcicki, K Rouster-Stevens, T Rubinstein, N Saad, S Sabbagh, E Sacco, R Sadun, A Sanni, A Sarkissian, S Savani, L Scalzi, L Schanberg, S Scharnhorst, A Schlefman, K Schollaert-Fitch, T Seay, C Seper, J Shalen, R Sheets, A Shelly, S Shenoi, K Shergill, M Shishov, C Shivers, E Silverman, V Sivaraman, J Sletten, E Smitherman, J Soep, L Spiegel, J Spitznagle, H Srinivasalu, K Steigerwald, Y Sterba Rakovchik, S Stern, C Stingl, M Stoll, E Stringer, S Sule, J Sumner, R Sundel, G Syverson, A Szymanski, S Taber, R Tal, A Tambralli, A Taneja, T Tanner, S Tapani, G Tarshish, S Tarvin, L Tate, A Taxter, M Terry, K Tiffany, T Ting, A Tipp, D Toib, K Torok, C Toruner, H Tory, S Tse, V Tubwell, S Uriguen, T Valcarcel, H Van Mater, L Vannoy, C Varghese, N Vasquez, K Vazzana, K Veiga, J Velez, J Verbsky, G Vilar, N Volpe, S Vora, L Wagner-Weiner, H Waite, H Walters, T Wampler Muskardin, L Waqar, M Waterfield, P Weiser, P Weiss, E Wershba, A Wise, L Woolnough, E Wu, A Yalcindag, M Yee, E Yen, R Yeung, K Yomogida, Q Yu, R Zapata, A Zartoshti, R Zeft, A Zhu, C Zic, Daniel Weiner, Daniel Gonzalez, Rachel Randell, and Claire Beard
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Objective Determine the pharmacokinetics (PK) and exposure–response of hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) and desethylhydroxychloroquine (DHCQ) in paediatric SLE (pSLE).Methods We conducted an exploratory phase 2, direct-to-family trial. Children enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry with a diagnosis of pSLE were eligible if they were receiving HCQ as standard of care for ≥3 months. Biological samples were collected at up to four visits over a 6-month period. At each visit, plasma was obtained to measure the concentrations of HCQ and DHCQ, as well as cytokines. HCQ and DHCQ plasma PK data were analysed using a population PK modelling approach.Results Twenty-five subjects provided a total of 88 plasma concentrations for PK analysis. There was a poor linear fit between HCQ concentrations and total body weight (R2=0.03). There was a decline in both interferon (IFN)-alpha and IFN-gamma with higher concentrations of HCQ and DHCQ. Volume of distribution for HCQ in plasma was higher in children compared with published values in adults (73 000 L vs 44 000 L), but clearance values in children were similar to adults.Conclusions We report the first population PK model for HCQ and DHCQ in children using data from a novel direct-to-family clinical trial. We observed high interindividual variability in HCQ PK and found that weight-based dosing for HCQ is poorly correlated with drug concentrations, suggesting the need to use therapeutic drug monitoring to individualise dosing. Furthermore, our results suggest that the current weight-based dosing paradigm for HCQ may result in suboptimal drug exposures, particularly for children with obesity. Accordingly, additional studies of HCQ are needed in pSLE to determine the optimal drug concentration and dosing to reduce disease activity and improve outcomes.Trial registration number NCT04358302.
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- 2022
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30. Socioeconomic Impact of RSV Hospitalization
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Young, Michal and Smitherman, Lynn
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- 2021
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31. Area Models to Image Integer and Binomial Multiplication
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Pratt, Sarah Smitherman
- Abstract
Middle-grades mathematics prospective teachers (PSTs) participated in three iterations of a design experiment that explored their current conceptualizations of integer and binomial multiplication; this study analyzed whether that knowledge changed after engaging in a series of scaffolded tasks while using area models as concrete manipulatives. Understandings were measured by participants composing word problems to model the multiplication of two integers, with at least one negative, and the multiplication of two binomials, first as a pre-assessment then as a post-assessment. Changes in participants' word problems were examined. Findings from the three iterations of the design experiment exhibited shifts in participants' understandings of multiplication across all three. The inclusion of "Algeblocks" and quadrant mat as area models facilitated conversations for PSTs to make meaning of integer and binomial multiplication. From the findings of this study, the researchers argue that future iterations of the design experiment should include an additional measure of PST pedagogical content knowledge related specifically to algebraic reasoning as well as opportunities for more exploration structural comparisons of integers to binomials so as to facilitate conversations around the concept of what is a binomial in a real-world context.
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- 2018
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32. Racial and Ethnic Composition of Populations Served by Freestanding Children's Hospitals and Disparities in Outcomes of Pediatric Lupus
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Chang, Joyce C., Liu, Jessica P., Berbert, Laura M., Chandler, Mia T., Patel, Pooja N., Smitherman, Emily A., Weller, Edie A., Son, Mary Beth F., and Costenbader, Karen H.
- Abstract
Health disparities may be driven by hospital‐level factors. We assessed whether racial and ethnic composition of populations hospitals serve explain or modify disparities in hospital outcomes of children with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). In this retrospective cohort study of patients 5 to 26 years old with SLE at 47 children's hospitals in the Pediatric Health Information System (2006–2021), race and ethnicity were assessed at the patient level and hospital level (proportion of total admissions composed of Black or Hispanic patients, respectively). Outcomes included intensive care unit (ICU) admission or adverse renal outcome (end‐stage renal disease, dialysis, or transplant) during follow‐up. We estimated racial and ethnic disparities, adjusted or stratified by hospital racial or ethnic composition. Of 8,125 patients with SLE, 2,293 (28%) required ICU admission, and 698 (9%) had an adverse renal outcome. Black and non‐Hispanic White disparities in ICU admission were observed only at hospitals serving higher proportions of Black patients (odds ratio [OR] 1.29, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.04–1.59 vs OR 1.07, 95% CI 0.83–1.38). Larger Black and non‐Hispanic White disparities in adverse renal outcomes were observed at hospitals with higher Black racial composition (OR 2.0, 95% CI 1.4–2.8 vs OR 1.7, 95% CI 1.1–2.4). Conversely, Hispanic versus non‐Hispanic disparities in renal outcomes persisted after adjustment for hospital‐reported Hispanic ethnic composition but were observed only at hospitals with lower proportions of Hispanic patients. Worse Black and White disparities in SLE outcomes are observed at children's hospitals serving more Black children, whereas distinct patterns are observed for Hispanic and non‐Hispanic disparities. Reporting of hospital characteristics related to populations served is needed to identify modifiable drivers of hospital‐level variation.
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- 2024
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33. Delivering clinical trials at home: protocol, design and implementation of a direct-to-family paediatric lupus trial
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E Schmitt, C Smith, G Schulert, S Canna, A Grom, E Mellins, A Brown, A Stevens, M Watson, K Stewart, E Baker, A Kemp, T Davis, A Smith, S Jackson, K Jones, T Mason, A Hanson, Y Zhao, J Jones, J Chang, M Holland, K Moore, B ferreira, H Schmeling, K Abulaban, R Agbayani, S Akoghlanian, E Anderson, L Barillas-Arias, K Baszis, M Becker, H Bell-Brunson, H Benham, S Benseler, T Beukelman, H Brunner, H Bukulmez, L Cerracchio, E Chalom, K Chundru, J Dean, F Dedeoglu, V Dempsey, J Drew, B Feldman, P Ferguson, C Fleming, L Franco, I Goh, D Goldsmith, B Gottlieb, T Graham, T Griffin, M Hance, K Hickey, M Hollander, J Hsu, A Huber, C Hung, A Huttenlocher, L Imundo, C Inman, J Jaquith, L Jung, D Kingsbury, K Klein, M Klein-Gitelman, S Kramer, S Lapidus, D Latham, B Malla, M Malloy, A Martyniuk, K McConnell, D McCurdy, C McMullen-Jackson, L Moorthy, E Muscal, J Olson, K Onel, L Ponder, S Prahalad, C Rabinovich, S Ringold, M Riordan, A Robinson, M Rosenkranz, B Rosolowski, N Ruth, K Schikler, H Stapp, R Syed, M Tesher, A Thatayatikom, R Vehe, E von Scheven, D Wahezi, A Watts, J Weiss, S Kim, J Patel, J Stokes, L Marques, Stephen J Balevic, D Lovell, A Zeft, J Harris, E Lawson, C Moss, N George, Rachel L Randell, M Adams, S Cooper, M Miller, C Black, R Schneider, J Taylor, R Sran, M Oliver, M Twilt, M Tóth, J Walker, M Mitchell, F De Benedetti, N Singer, M Fox, K Kaufman, A Merritt, R Stevenson, J Fuller, M Fitzgerald, A Davis, C Davis, L Henderson, J Woo, S Mohan, H Reid, Y Kimura, L Harel, R Laxer, K McCarthy, I Ferguson, E McCormick, M Guzman, P Hill, A PARSONS, S McGuire, J Lam, C Sandborg, B Stevens, J Boland, S Ballinger, E MENDOZA, J NOCTON, M Ritter, N Johnson, J Shirley, S Bowman, M Ibarra, S Hong, M Guevara, K James, L Santiago, A Adams, B DONALDSON, M Son, C Kremer, K Schmidt, T Wright, L Cannon, R Nicolai, M Freeman, S Spence, D Levy, J Paredes, K Gerhold, A Insalaco, T O'Brien, W Bernal, E Kessler, C Lin, M Lerman, T Hahn, B O'Brien, Lindsay Singler, Anthony Cunningham, Michael Cohen-Wolkowiez, Christoph P Hornik, N Abel, J Aiello, C Alejandro, E Allenspach, R Alperin, M Alpizar, G Amarilyo, W Ambler, S Ardoin, S Armendariz, I Balboni, S Balevic, L Ballenger, N Balmuri, F Barbar-Smiley, M Basiaga, E Beltz, T Bigley, B Binstadt, M Blakley, J Bohnsack, A Boneparth, C Bracaglia, E Brooks, M Brothers, M Buckley, D Bullock, B Cameron, P Carper, V Cartwright, E Cassidy, A Chang-Hoftman, V Chauhan, P Chira, T Chinn, H Clairman, D Co, A Confair, H Conlon, R Connor, C Correll, R Corvalan, D Costanzo, R Cron, L Curiel-Duran, T Curington, M Curry, A Dalrymple, D De Ranieri, M De Guzman, N Delnay, E DeSantis, T Dickson, J Dingle, E Dorsey, S Dover, J Dowling, K Driest, Q Du, K Duarte, D Durkee, E Duverger, J Dvergsten, A Eberhard, M Eckert, K Ede, B Edelheit, C Edens, Y Edgerly, M Elder, B Ervin, S Fadrhonc, C Failing, D Fair, M Falcon, S Federici, J Fennell, R Ferrucho, K Fields, T Finkel, O Flynn, L Fogel, K Fritz, S Froese, R Fuhlbrigge, D Gerstbacher, M Gilbert, M Gillispie-Taylor, E Giverc, C Godiwala, H Goheer, E Gotschlich, A Gotte, C Gracia, S Grevich, J Griswold, P Guittar, M Hager, O Halyabar, E Hammelev, S Haro, O Harry, E Hartigan, J Hausmann, J Heiart, K Hekl, M Henrickson, A Hersh, S Hillyer, L Hiraki, M Hiskey, P Hobday, C Hoffart, M Horwitz, J Huggins, J HuiYuen, J Huntington, G Janow, S Jared, C Justice, A Justiniano, N Karan, U Khalsa, B Kienzle, M Kitcharoensakkul, T Klausmeier, B Kompelien, A Kosikowski, L Kovalick, J Kracker, J Lai, B Lang, B Lapin, A Lasky, L Lentini, S Lieberman, N Ling, M Lingis, M Lo, D Lowman, N Luca, S Lvovich, C Madison, J Madison, S Magni Manzoni, J Maller, M Mannion, C Manos, S Mathus, L McAllister, P McCurdy Stokes, I McHale, A McMonagle, E Meidan, R Mercado, L Michalowski, P Miettunen, D Milojevic, E Mirizio, E Misajon, R Modica, E Morgan Dewitt, T Moussa, V Mruk, R Nadler, B Nahal, K Nanda, N Nasah, L Nassi, S Nativ, M Natter, J Neely, B Nelson, L Newhall, L Ng, P Nigrovic, B Nolan, E Oberle, B Obispo, O Okeke, K O'Neil, A Orandi, M Orlando, S Osei-Onomah, R Oz, A Paller, N Pan, S Panupattanapong, M Pardeo, K Pentakota, P Pepmueller, T Pfeiffer, K Phillippi, D Pires Marafon, R Pooni, S Pratt, S Protopapas, B Puplava, J Quach, M Quinlan-Waters, S Radhakrishna, J Rafko, J Raisian, A Rakestraw, E Ramsay, S Ramsey, R Randell, K Remmel, A Repp, A Reyes, A Richmond, M Riebschleger, M Riskalla, R Rivas-Chacon, E Rodela, M Rodriquez, K Rojas, T Ronis, H Rothermel, D Rothman, E Roth-Wojcicki, K Rouster-Stevens, T Rubinstein, N Saad, S Sabbagh, E Sacco, R Sadun, A Sanni, A Sarkissian, S Savani, L Scalzi, L Schanberg, S Scharnhorst, A Schlefman, K Schollaert-Fitch, T Seay, C Seper, J Shalen, R Sheets, A Shelly, S Shenoi, K Shergill, M Shishov, C Shivers, E Silverman, V Sivaraman, J Sletten, E Smitherman, J Soep, L Spiegel, J Spitznagle, H Srinivasalu, K Steigerwald, Y Sterba Rakovchik, S Stern, C Stingl, M Stoll, E Stringer, S Sule, J Sumner, R Sundel, G Syverson, A Szymanski, S Taber, R Tal, A Tambralli, A Taneja, T Tanner, S Tapani, G Tarshish, S Tarvin, L Tate, A Taxter, M Terry, K Tiffany, T Ting, A Tipp, D Toib, K Torok, C Toruner, H Tory, S Tse, V Tubwell, S Uriguen, T Valcarcel, H Van Mater, L Vannoy, C Varghese, N Vasquez, K Vazzana, K Veiga, J Velez, J Verbsky, G Vilar, N Volpe, S Vora, L Wagner-Weiner, H Waite, H Walters, T Wampler Muskardin, L Waqar, M Waterfield, P Weiser, P Weiss, E Wershba, A Wise, L Woolnough, E Wu, A Yalcindag, M Yee, E Yen, R Yeung, K Yomogida, Q Yu, R Zapata, A Zartoshti, R Zeft, A Zhu, and C Zic
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Immunologic diseases. Allergy ,RC581-607 - Abstract
Introduction Direct-to-family clinical trials efficiently provide data while reducing the participation burden for children and their families. Although these trials can offer significant advantages over traditional clinical trials, the process of designing and implementing direct-to-family studies is poorly defined, especially in children with rheumatic disease. This paper provides lessons learnt from the design and implementation of a self-controlled, direct-to-family pilot trial aimed to evaluate the effects of a medication management device on adherence to hydroxychloroquine in paediatric SLE.Methods Several design features accommodate a direct-to-family approach. Participants meeting eligibility criteria from across the USA were identified a priori through a disease registry, and all outcome data are collected remotely. The primary outcome (medication adherence) is evaluated using electronic medication event-monitoring, plasma drug levels, patient questionnaires and pill counts. Secondary and exploratory endpoints include (1) lupus disease activity measured by a remote SLE Disease Activity Index examination and the Systemic Lupus Activity Questionnaire; and (2) hydroxychloroquine pharmacokinetics and pharmacodynamics. Recruitment of the initial target of 20 participants was achieved within 10 days. Due to initial recruitment success, enrolment was increased to 26 participants. Additional participants who were interested were placed on a waiting list in case of dropouts during the study.Discussion and dissemination Direct-to-family trials offer several advantages but present unique challenges. Lessons learnt from the protocol development, design, and implementation of this trial will inform future direct-to-family trials for children and adults with rheumatic diseases. Additionally, the data collected remotely in this trial will provide critical information regarding the accuracy of teleresearch in lupus, the impact of adherence to hydroxychloroquine on disease activity and a pharmacokinetic analysis to inform paediatric-specific dosing of hydroxychloroquine.Trial registration number ClinicalTrials.gov Registry (NCT04358302).
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- 2021
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34. Selecting Tools to Model Integer and Binomial Multiplication
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Pratt, Sarah Smitherman and Eddy, Colleen M.
- Abstract
Mathematics teachers frequently provide concrete manipulatives to students during instruction; however, the rationale for using certain manipulatives in conjunction with concepts may not be explored. This article focuses on area models that are currently used in classrooms to provide concrete examples of integer and binomial multiplication. The innovation of combining the representations for negative numbers with both algebra tiles and "Algeblocks" is provided, with a mathematical justification for its development. Teachers' effective integration of tools such as these in mathematics instruction can help students develop conceptual understanding and procedural fluency.
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- 2017
35. Brief communication: Long-term absence of Langerhans cells alters the gene expression profile of keratinocytes and dendritic epidermal T cells.
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Qingtai Su, Aurélie Bouteau, Jacob Cardenas, Balaji Uthra, Yuanyaun Wang, Cynthia Smitherman, Jinghua Gu, and Botond Z Igyártó
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Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Tissue-resident and infiltrating immune cells are continuously exposed to molecules derived from the local cells that often come in form of secreted factors, such as cytokines. These factors are known to impact the immune cells' biology. However, very little is known about whether the tissue resident immune cells in return also affect the local environment. In this study, with the help of RNA-sequencing, we show for the first time that long-term absence of epidermal resident Langerhans cells led to significant gene expression changes in the local keratinocytes and resident dendritic epidermal T cells. Thus, immune cells might play an active role in maintaining tissue homeostasis, which should be taken in consideration at data interpretation.
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- 2020
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36. 'The Blacker the Berry, the Sweeter the Juice': African American Student Writers and the National Assessment of Educational Progress.
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Smitherman, Geneva
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A study analyzed the degree to which an African American verbal tradition (Black English Vernacular) survives in the writing of Black students across a generational time span. A total of 867 essays from the 1984 and the 1988/89 National Assessment of Educational Progress (NAEP) were subjected to primary trait and holistic scoring analysis, and were ranked in terms of the degree of African American discourse. These scores were compared to the scores given by NAEP raters, and to scores from the 1969 and 1979 NAEP. Results indicated that: (1) no correlation existed between a discernibly African American discourse style and the production of BEV syntax, supporting results of earlier studies of 1969 and 1979 NAEP essays; (2) the more discernibly African American the discourse, the higher the primary trait and holistic scores, and the less discernibly African American the discourse, the lower the primary trait and holistic scores, contrary to earlier studies; and (3) "imaginative/narrative" essays continued to be Black students' strong suit. Findings suggest that students who employed a Black expressive discourse style received higher NAEP scores than those who did not. Recommendations for writing instructors include: capitalize on the strengths of African American cultural discourse; encourage students toward the field dependency style, which enables them to produce more powerful, meaningful, and more highly rated essays; and deemphasize concerns about BEV grammar. (Two figures listing NAEP scoring criteria, a figure listing Black English variables, and two tables of data are included; 37 references, an appendix of data, and six sample essays are attached.) (RS)
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- 1993
37. A Rare STXBP2 Mutation in Severe COVID-19 and Secondary Cytokine Storm Syndrome
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Daniel D. Reiff, Mingce Zhang, Emily A. Smitherman, Melissa L. Mannion, Matthew L. Stoll, Peter Weiser, and Randy Q. Cron
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hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis ,macrophage activation syndrome ,cytokine storm syndrome ,COVID-19 ,genetics ,mutation ,Science - Abstract
Background: Primary (familial) hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (pHLH) is a potentially lethal syndrome of infancy, caused by genetic defects in natural killer (NK) cell and CD8 T cell cytotoxicity, leading to hyperinflammation, elevated cytokine levels, and a disorganized immune response resulting in multi-organ system failure and frequently death. Secondary HLH (sHLH) can be triggered in the setting of malignances, diseases of chronic immune system activation, or by infectious etiologies. While pHLH is usually a result of homozygous gene mutations, monoallelic hypomorphic and dominant-negative mutations in pHLH genes have been implicated in sHLH. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been an omnipresent viral infection since its arrival, and severe cases can present with cytokine storm and have clinical features and laboratory findings consistent with sHLH. Herein, we report an adolescent with severe COVID-19, decreased NK cell function, and features of sHLH. Her genetic evaluation identified a monoallelic missense mutation in the pHLH gene STXBP2, and NK cell assays of her blood showed decreased cytolysis and degranulation ex vivo. Methods: Patient data was extracted through an electronic medical record review. Using a lentiviral approach, the patient’s STXBP2 mutation and wild-type (WT) STXBP2 were separately transduced into the NK-92 human NK cell line. The WT and mutant STXBP2 transduced NK-92 cells were stimulated with NK-sensitive K562 erythroleukemia target cells in vitro, and NK cell degranulation and cytolysis were measured via CD107a expression and Live/Dead near-IR dye, respectively. Results: Compared to WT STXBP2, the patient’s STXBP2 mutation caused significantly decreased NK cell cytolysis and associated degranulation in vitro. Conclusion: These findings add weight to the hypothesis that some severe cases of COVID-19 may be accompanied by sHLH and hyperinflammation, especially in the setting of heterozygous pHLH genetic mutations. This has implications both diagnostically and therapeutically for severe COVID-19.
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- 2022
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38. Large-scale brain organization during facial emotion processing as a function of early life trauma among adolescent girls
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Josh M. Cisler, Anthony Privratsky, Sonet Smitherman, Ryan J. Herringa, and Clinton D. Kilts
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Computer applications to medicine. Medical informatics ,R858-859.7 ,Neurology. Diseases of the nervous system ,RC346-429 - Abstract
Background: A wealth of research has investigated the impact of early life trauma exposure on functional brain activation during facial emotion processing and has often demonstrated amygdala hyperactivity and weakened connectivity between amygdala and medial PFC (mPFC). There have been notably limited investigations linking these previous node-specific findings into larger-scale network models of brain organization. Method: To address these gaps, we applied graph theoretical analyses to fMRI data collected during a facial emotion processing task among 88 adolescent girls (n=59 exposed to direct physical or sexual assault; n=29 healthy controls), aged 11–17, during fMRI. Large-scale organization indices of modularity, assortativity, and global efficiency were calculated for stimulus-specific functional connectivity using an 883 region-of-interest parcellation. Results: Among the entire sample, more severe early life trauma was associated with more modular and assortative, but less globally efficient, network organization across all stimulus categories. Among the assaulted girls, severity of early life trauma and PTSD diagnoses were both simultaneously related to increased modular brain organization. We also found that more modularized network organization was related both to amygdala hyperactivation and weakened connectivity between amygdala and medial PFC. Conclusions: These results demonstrate that early life trauma is associated with enhanced brain organization during facial emotion processing and that this pattern of brain organization might explain the commonly observed association between childhood trauma and amygdala hyperactivity and weakened connectivity with mPFC. Implications of these results for neurocircuitry models are discussed.
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- 2018
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39. 'What Is Africa to Me?': Language, Ideology and 'African American.'
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Smitherman, Geneva
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A study examined the history of racial labelling of Black Americans, from the perspective of their changing material condition and opinions concerning use of the term "African American." Using the paradigm that language is representative of a social construction of reality drawn from linguistics and sociology, use of the terms "African,""colored,""Negro,""Black," and "African American" is chronicled, focusing on societal forces and the relationship of Blacks to American society. Survey methodology and results are then discussed. The survey was conducted in 1989 in Atlanta (Georgia), Chicago (Illinois), Cincinnati (Ohio), Detroit (Michigan), and Philadelphia (Pennsylvania). Of 667 respondents, including both African and European Americans, 512 responded to the question "Do you think the term 'African American' should replace the term 'Black' as the name for Black people in the United States?" Results show just over one-third to one-half support a shift to "African American." Three broad explanations were offered by Blacks for approving the change: identification of dual heritage; inadequacy of the "color" label; aesthetic quality of the newer term. Three explanations were given for disapproval: Blacks are not African; syllabic density; no need for change. Demographic differences in responses were also revealed. Contains 35 references. (MSE)
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- 1991
40. Fear, Avoidance, and Disability in Headache Disorders
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Rogers, Daniel G., Protti, Tracy A., and Smitherman, Todd A.
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- 2020
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41. Treat to Target in Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis: Challenges and Opportunities
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Smitherman, Emily A., Consolaro, Alessandro, and Morgan, Esi M.
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- 2018
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42. Modifiable and non-modifiable risk factors for preterm delivery among adolescent and young adult cancer survivors
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Anderson, Chelsea, Smitherman, Andrew B., Engel, Stephanie M., and Nichols, Hazel B.
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- 2017
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43. Evaluating the Effects of Professional Development on Urban Mathematics Teachers TPACK Using Confidence Intervals
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Jamaal Rashad Young, Jemimah Young, Christina Hamilton, and Sarah Smitherman Pratt
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Special aspects of education ,LC8-6691 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to use meta-analytic thinking to evaluate the results of a three-week professional development on mathematics teachers’ technological pedagogical content knowledge (TPACK). The study aims to elucidate the necessity of technology professional development activities to support mathematics teaching and learning in urban schools. This study utilizes mean difference confidence intervals as measures of the effectiveness of a professional development intervention in an urban school district in the U.S. This article presents a practical application of meta-analytic thinking to better contextualize the results through direct comparisons to similar studies. The results of this study suggest that the professional development increased mathematics teachers’ perceptions of their pedagogical knowledge, technological knowledge, pedagogical content knowledge, and technological content knowledge. The study results indicate that despite smaller overall effect sizes the results observed in this urban intervention were not statistically significantly different from most prior research in this area. Because of the chosen research approach, the research results have practical as well as empirical implications for the development and delivery of professional development in urban schools. This article contributes to the literature by providing a contextualized assessment of PD effects and by placing these effects in a broader scholarly context.
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- 2019
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44. Health Equity Implications of Missing Data Among Youths With Childhood‐OnsetSystemic Lupus Erythematosus: A Proof‐of‐ConceptStudy in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry
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Woo, Jennifer M. P., Simmonds, Faith, Dennos, Anne, Son, Mary Beth F., Lewandowski, Laura B., Rubinstein, Tamar B., Abel, N., Abulaban, K., Adams, A., Adams, M., Agbayani, R., Aiello, J., Akoghlanian, S., Alejandro, C., Allenspach, E., Alperin, R., Alpizar, M., Amarilyo, G., Ambler, W., Anderson, E., Ardoin, S., Armendariz, S., Baker, E., Balboni, I., Balevic, S., Ballenger, L., Ballinger, S., Balmuri, N., Barbar‐Smiley, F., Barillas‐Arias, L., Basiaga, M., Baszis, K., Becker, M., Bell‐Brunson, H., Beltz, E., Benham, H., Benseler, S., Bernal, W., Beukelman, T., Bigley, T., Binstadt, B., Black, C., Blakley, M., Bohnsack, J., Boland, J., Boneparth, A., Bowman, S., Bracaglia, C., Brooks, E., Brothers, M., Brown, A., Brunner, H., Buckley, M., Buckley, M., Bukulmez, H., Bullock, D., Cameron, B., Canna, S., Cannon, L., Carper, P., Cartwright, V., Cassidy, E., Cerracchio, L., Chalom, E., Chang, J., Chang‐Hoftman, A., Chauhan, V., Chira, P., Chinn, T., Chundru, K., Clairman, H., Co, D., Confair, A., Conlon, H., Connor, R., Cooper, A., Cooper, J., Cooper, S., Correll, C., Corvalan, R., Costanzo, D., Cron, R., Curiel‐Duran, L., Curington, T., Curry, M., Dalrymple, A., Davis, A., Davis, C., Davis, C., Davis, T., De Benedetti, F., De Ranieri, D., Dean, J., Dedeoglu, F., DeGuzman, M., Delnay, N., Dempsey, V., DeSantis, E., Dickson, T., Dingle, J., Donaldson, B., Dorsey, E., Dover, S., Dowling, J., Drew, J., Driest, K., Du, Q., Duarte, K., Durkee, D., Duverger, E., Dvergsten, J., Eberhard, A., Eckert, M., Ede, K., Edelheit, B., Edens, C., Edens, C., Edgerly, Y., Elder, M., Ervin, B., Fadrhonc, S., Failing, C., Fair, D., Falcon, M., Favier, L., Federici, S., Feldman, B., Fennell, J., Ferguson, I., Ferguson, P., Ferreira, B., Ferrucho, R., Fields, K., Finkel, T., Fitzgerald, M., Fleming, C., Flynn, O., Fogel, L., Fox, E., Fox, M., Franco, L., Freeman, M., Fritz, K., Froese, S., Fuhlbrigge, R., Fuller, J., George, N., Gerhold, K., Gerstbacher, D., Gilbert, M., Gillispie‐Taylor, M., Giverc, E., Godiwala, C., Goh, I., Goheer, H., Goldsmith, D., Gotschlich, E., Gotte, A., Gottlieb, B., Gracia, C., Graham, T., Grevich, S., Griffin, T., Griswold, J., Grom, A., Guevara, M., Guittar, P., Guzman, M., Hager, M., Hahn, T., Halyabar, O., Hammelev, E., Hance, M., Hanson, A., Harel, L., Haro, S., Harris, J., Harry, O., Hartigan, E., Hausmann, J., Hay, A., Hayward, K., Heiart, J., Hekl, K., Henderson, L., Henrickson, M., Hersh, A., Hickey, K., Hill, P., Hillyer, S., Hiraki, L., Hiskey, M., Hobday, P., Hoffart, C., Holland, M., Hollander, M., Hong, S., Horwitz, M., Hsu, J., Huber, A., Huggins, J., Hui‐Yuen, J., Hung, C., Huntington, J., Huttenlocher, A., Ibarra, M., Imundo, L., Inman, C., Insalaco, A., Jackson, A., Jackson, S., James, K., Janow, G., Jaquith, J., Jared, S., Johnson, N., Jones, J., Jones, J., Jones, J., Jones, K., Jones, S., Joshi, S., Jung, L., Justice, C., Justiniano, A., Karan, N., Kaufman, K., Kemp, A., Kessler, E., Khalsa, U., Kienzle, B., Kim, S., Kimura, Y., Kingsbury, D., Kitcharoensakkul, M., Klausmeier, T., Klein, K., Klein‐Gitelman, M., Kompelien, B., Kosikowski, A., Kovalick, L., Kracker, J., Kramer, S., Kremer, C., Lai, J., Lam, J., Lang, B., Lapidus, S., Lapin, B., Lasky, A., Latham, D., Lawson, E., Laxer, R., Lee, P., Lee, P., Lee, T., Lentini, L., Lerman, M., Levy, D., Li, S., Lieberman, S., Lim, L., Lin, C., Ling, N., Lingis, M., Lo, M., Lovell, D., Lowman, D., Luca, N., Lvovich, S., Madison, C., Madison, J., Manzoni, S. Magni, Malla, B., Maller, J., Malloy, M., Mannion, M., Manos, C., Marques, L., Martyniuk, A., Mason, T., Mathus, S., McAllister, L., McCarthy, K., McConnell, K., McCormick, E., McCurdy, D., Stokes, P. McCurdy, McGuire, S., McHale, I., McMonagle, A., McMullen‐Jackson, C., Meidan, E., Mellins, E., Mendoza, E., Mercado, R., Merritt, A., Michalowski, L., Miettunen, P., Miller, M., Milojevic, D., Mirizio, E., Misajon, E., Mitchell, M., Modica, R., Mohan, S., Moore, K., Moorthy, L., Morgan, S., Dewitt, E. Morgan, Moss, C., Moussa, T., Mruk, V., Murphy, A., Muscal, E., Nadler, R., Nahal, B., Nanda, K., Nasah, N., Nassi, L., Nativ, S., Natter, M., Neely, J., Nelson, B., Newhall, L., Ng, L., Nicholas, J., Nicolai, R., Nigrovic, P., Nocton, J., Nolan, B., Oberle, E., Obispo, B., O'Brien, B., O'Brien, T., Okeke, O., Oliver, M., Olson, J., O'Neil, K., Onel, K., Orandi, A., Orlando, M., Osei‐Onomah, S., Oz, R., Pagano, E., Paller, A., Pan, N., Panupattanapong, S., Pardeo, M., Paredes, J., Parsons, A., Patel, J., Pentakota, K., Pepmueller, P., Pfeiffer, T., Phillippi, K., Phillippi, K., Marafon, D. Pires, Ponder, L., Pooni, R., Prahalad, S., Pratt, S., Protopapas, S., Puplava, B., Quach, J., Quinlan‐Waters, M., Rabinovich, C., Radhakrishna, S., Rafko, J., Raisian, J., Rakestraw, A., Ramirez, C., Ramsay, E., Ramsey, S., Randell, R., Reed, A., Reed, A., Reed, A., Reid, H., Remmel, K., Repp, A., Reyes, A., Richmond, A., Riebschleger, M., Ringold, S., Riordan, M., Riskalla, M., Ritter, M., Rivas‐Chacon, R., Robinson, A., Rodela, E., Rodriquez, M., Rojas, K., Ronis, T., Rosenkranz, M., Rosolowski, B., Rothermel, H., Rothman, D., Roth‐Wojcicki, E., Rouster‐Stevens, K., Rubinstein, T., Ruth, N., Saad, N., Sabbagh, S., Sacco, E., Sadun, R., Sandborg, C., Sanni, A., Santiago, L., Sarkissian, A., Savani, S., Scalzi, L., Schanberg, L., Scharnhorst, S., Schikler, K., Schlefman, A., Schmeling, H., Schmidt, K., Schmitt, E., Schneider, R., Schollaert‐Fitch, K., Schulert, G., Seay, T., Seper, C., Shalen, J., Sheets, R., Shelly, A., Shenoi, S., Shergill, K., Shirley, J., Shishov, M., Shivers, C., Silverman, E., Singer, N., Sivaraman, V., Sletten, J., Smith, A., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smith, J., Smitherman, E., Soep, J., Son, M., Spence, S., Spiegel, L., Spitznagle, J., Sran, R., Srinivasalu, H., Stapp, H., Steigerwald, K., Rakovchik, Y. Sterba, Stern, S., Stevens, A., Stevens, B., Stevenson, R., Stewart, K., Stingl, C., Stokes, J., Stoll, M., Stringer, E., Sule, S., Sumner, J., Sundel, R., Sutter, M., Syed, R., Syverson, G., Szymanski, A., Taber, S., Tal, R., Tambralli, A., Taneja, A., Tanner, T., Tapani, S., Tarshish, G., Tarvin, S., Tate, L., Taxter, A., Taylor, J., Terry, M., Tesher, M., Thatayatikom, A., Thomas, B., Tiffany, K., Ting, T., Tipp, A., Toib, D., Torok, K., Toruner, C., Tory, H., Toth, M., Tse, S., Tubwell, V., Twilt, M., Uriguen, S., Valcarcel, T., Van Mater, H., Vannoy, L., Varghese, C., Vasquez, N., Vazzana, K., Vehe, R., Veiga, K., Velez, J., Verbsky, J., Vilar, G., Volpe, N., Scheven, E., Vora, S., Wagner, J., Wagner‐Weiner, L., Wahezi, D., Waite, H., Walker, J., Walters, H., Muskardin, T. Wampler, Waqar, L., Waterfield, M., Watson, M., Watts, A., Weiser, P., Weiss, J., Weiss, P., Wershba, E., White, A., Williams, C., Wise, A., Woo, J., Woolnough, L., Wright, T., Wu, E., Yalcindag, A., Yee, M., Yen, E., Yeung, R., Yomogida, K., Yu, Q., Zapata, R., Zartoshti, A., Zeft, A., Zeft, R., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhu, A., and Zic, C.
- Abstract
Health disparities in childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) disproportionately impact marginalized populations. Socioeconomically patterned missing data can magnify existing health inequities by supporting inferences that may misrepresent populations of interest. Our objective was to assess missing data and subsequent health equity implications among participants with childhood‐onset SLE enrolled in a large pediatric rheumatology registry. We evaluated co‐missingness of 12 variables representing demographics, socioeconomic position, and clinical factors (e.g., disease‐related indices) using Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry childhood‐onset SLE enrollment data (2015–2022; n = 766). We performed logistic regression to calculate odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CIs) for missing disease‐related indices at enrollment (Systemic Lupus Erythematosus Disease Activity Index 2000 [SLEDAI‐2K] and/or Systemic Lupus International Collaborating Clinics/American College of Rheumatology Damage Index [SDI]) associated with data missingness. We used linear regression to assess the association between socioeconomic factors and SLEDAI‐2K at enrollment using 3 analytic methods for missing data: complete case analysis, multiple imputation, and nonprobabilistic bias analyses, with missing values imputed to represent extreme low or high disadvantage. On average, participants were missing 6.2% of data, with over 50% of participants missing at least 1 variable. Missing data correlated most closely with variables within data categories (i.e., demographic). Government‐assisted health insurance was associated with missing SLEDAI‐2K and/or SDI scores compared to private health insurance (OR 2.04 [95% CI 1.22, 3.41]). The different analytic approaches resulted in varying analytic sample sizes and fundamentally conflicting estimated associations. Our results support intentional evaluation of missing data to inform effect estimate interpretation and critical assessment of causal statements that might otherwise misrepresent health inequities.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
45. Childhood‐OnsetLupus Nephritis in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance Registry: Short‐TermKidney Status and Variation in Care
- Author
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Smitherman, Emily A., Chahine, Rouba A., Beukelman, Timothy, Lewandowski, Laura B., Rahman, A. K. M. Fazlur, Wenderfer, Scott E., Curtis, Jeffrey R., Hersh, Aimee O., Abel, N., Abulaban, K., Adams, A., Adams, M., Agbayani, R., Aiello, J., Akoghlanian, S., Alejandro, C., Allenspach, E., Alperin, R., Alpizar, M., Amarilyo, G., Ambler, W., Anderson, E., Ardoin, S., Armendariz, S., Baker, E., Balboni, I., Balevic, S., Ballenger, L., Ballinger, S., Balmuri, N., Barbar‐Smiley, F., Barillas‐Arias, L., Basiaga, M., Baszis, K., Becker, M., Bell‐Brunson, H., Beltz, E., Benham, H., Benseler, S., Bernal, W., Beukelman, T., Bigley, T., Binstadt, B., Black, C., Blakley, M., Bohnsack, J., Boland, J., Boneparth, A., Bowman, S., Bracaglia, C., Brooks, E., Brothers, M., Brown, A., Brunner, H., Buckley, M., Buckley, M., Bukulmez, H., Bullock, D., Cameron, B., Canna, S., Cannon, L., Carper, P., Cartwright, V., Cassidy, E., Cerracchio, L., Chalom, E., Chang, J., Chang‐Hoftman, A., Chauhan, V., Chira, P., Chinn, T., Chundru, K., Clairman, H., Co, D., Confair, A., Conlon, H., Connor, R., Cooper, A., Cooper, J., Cooper, S., Correll, C., Corvalan, R., Costanzo, D., Cron, R., Curiel‐Duran, L., Curington, T., Curry, M., Dalrymple, A., Davis, A., Davis, C., Davis, C., Davis, T., De Benedetti, F., De Ranieri, D., Dean, J., Dedeoglu, F., DeGuzman, M., Delnay, N., Dempsey, V., DeSantis, E., Dickson, T., Dingle, J., Donaldson, B., Dorsey, E., Dover, S., Dowling, J., Drew, J., Driest, K., Du, Q., Duarte, K., Durkee, D., Duverger, E., Dvergsten, J., Eberhard, A., Eckert, M., Ede, K., Edelheit, B., Edens, C., Edens, C., Edgerly, Y., Elder, M., Ervin, B., Fadrhonc, S., Failing, C., Fair, D., Falcon, M., Favier, L., Federici, S., Feldman, B., Fennell, J., Ferguson, I., Ferguson, P., Ferreira, B., Ferrucho, R., Fields, K., Finkel, T., Fitzgerald, M., Fleming, C., Flynn, O., Fogel, L., Fox, E., Fox, M., Franco, L., Freeman, M., Fritz, K., Froese, S., Fuhlbrigge, R., Fuller, J., George, N., Gerhold, K., Gerstbacher, D., Gilbert, M., Gillispie‐Taylor, M., Giverc, E., Godiwala, C., Goh, I., Goheer, H., Goldsmith, D., Gotschlich, E., Gotte, A., Gottlieb, B., Gracia, C., Graham, T., Grevich, S., Griffin, T., Griswold, J., Grom, A., Guevara, M., Guittar, P., Guzman, M., Hager, M., Hahn, T., Halyabar, O., Hammelev, E., Hance, M., Hanson, A., Harel, L., Haro, S., Harris, J., Harry, O., Hartigan, E., Hausmann, J., Hay, A., Hayward, K., Heiart, J., Hekl, K., Henderson, L., Henrickson, M., Hersh, A., Hickey, K., Hill, P., Hillyer, S., Hiraki, L., Hiskey, M., Hobday, P., Hoffart, C., Holland, M., Hollander, M., Hong, S., Horwitz, M., Hsu, J., Huber, A., Huggins, J., Hui‐Yuen, J., Hung, C., Huntington, J., Huttenlocher, A., Ibarra, M., Imundo, L., Inman, C., Insalaco, A., Jackson, A., Jackson, S., James, K., Janow, G., Jaquith, J., Jared, S., Johnson, N., Jones, J., Jones, J., Jones, J., Jones, K., Jones, S., Joshi, S., Jung, L., Justice, C., Justiniano, A., Karan, N., Kaufman, K., Kemp, A., Kessler, E., Khalsa, U., Kienzle, B., Kim, S., Kimura, Y., Kingsbury, D., Kitcharoensakkul, M., Klausmeier, T., Klein, K., Klein‐Gitelman, M., Kompelien, B., Kosikowski, A., Kovalick, L., Kracker, J., Kramer, S., Kremer, C., Lai, J., Lam, J., Lang, B., Lapidus, S., Lapin, B., Lasky, A., Latham, D., Lawson, E., Laxer, R., Lee, P., Lee, P., Lee, T., Lentini, L., Lerman, M., Levy, D., Li, S., Lieberman, S., Lim, L., Lin, C., Ling, N., Lingis, M., Lo, M., Lovell, D., Lowman, D., Luca, N., Lvovich, S., Madison, C., Madison, J., Manzoni, S. Magni, Malla, B., Maller, J., Malloy, M., Mannion, M., Manos, C., Marques, L., Martyniuk, A., Mason, T., Mathus, S., McAllister, L., McCarthy, K., McConnell, K., McCormick, E., McCurdy, D., Stokes, P. McCurdy, McGuire, S., McHale, I., McMonagle, A., McMullen‐Jackson, C., Meidan, E., Mellins, E., Mendoza, E., Mercado, R., Merritt, A., Michalowski, L., Miettunen, P., Miller, M., Milojevic, D., Mirizio, E., Misajon, E., Mitchell, M., Modica, R., Mohan, S., Moore, K., Moorthy, L., Morgan, S., Dewitt, E. Morgan, Moss, C., Moussa, T., Mruk, V., Murphy, A., Muscal, E., Nadler, R., Nahal, B., Nanda, K., Nasah, N., Nassi, L., Nativ, S., Natter, M., Neely, J., Nelson, B., Newhall, L., Ng, L., Nicholas, J., Nicolai, R., Nigrovic, P., Nocton, J., Nolan, B., Oberle, E., Obispo, B., O'Brien, B., O'Brien, T., Okeke, O., Oliver, M., Olson, J., O'Neil, K., Onel, K., Orandi, A., Orlando, M., Osei‐Onomah, S., Oz, R., Pagano, E., Paller, A., Pan, N., Panupattanapong, S., Pardeo, M., Paredes, J., Parsons, A., Patel, J., Pentakota, K., Pepmueller, P., Pfeiffer, T., Phillippi, K., Marafon, D. Pires, Phillippi, K., Ponder, L., Pooni, R., Prahalad, S., Pratt, S., Protopapas, S., Puplava, B., Quach, J., Quinlan‐Waters, M., Rabinovich, C., Radhakrishna, S., Rafko, J., Raisian, J., Rakestraw, A., Ramirez, C., Ramsay, E., Ramsey, S., Randell, R., Reed, A., Reed, A., Reed, A., Reid, H., Remmel, K., Repp, A., Reyes, A., Richmond, A., Riebschleger, M., Ringold, S., Riordan, M., Riskalla, M., Ritter, M., Rivas‐Chacon, R., Robinson, A., Rodela, E., Rodriquez, M., Rojas, K., Ronis, T., Rosenkranz, M., Rosolowski, B., Rothermel, H., Rothman, D., Roth‐Wojcicki, E., Rouster – Stevens, K., Rubinstein, T., Ruth, N., Saad, N., Sabbagh, S., Sacco, E., Sadun, R., Sandborg, C., Sanni, A., Santiago, L., Sarkissian, A., Savani, S., Scalzi, L., Schanberg, L., Scharnhorst, S., Schikler, K., Schlefman, A., Schmeling, H., Schmidt, K., Schmitt, E., Schneider, R., Schollaert‐Fitch, K., Schulert, G., Seay, T., Seper, C., Shalen, J., Sheets, R., Shelly, A., Shenoi, S., Shergill, K., Shirley, J., Shishov, M., Shivers, C., Silverman, E., Singer, N., Sivaraman, V., Sletten, J., Smith, A., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smith, J., Smitherman, E., Soep, J., Son, M., Spence, S., Spiegel, L., Spitznagle, J., Sran, R., Srinivasalu, H., Stapp, H., Steigerwald, K., Rakovchik, Y. Sterba, Stern, S., Stevens, A., Stevens, B., Stevenson, R., Stewart, K., Stingl, C., Stokes, J., Stoll, M., Stringer, E., Sule, S., Sumner, J., Sundel, R., Sutter, M., Syed, R., Syverson, G., Szymanski, A., Taber, S., Tal, R., Tambralli, A., Taneja, A., Tanner, T., Tapani, S., Tarshish, G., Tarvin, S., Tate, L., Taxter, A., Taylor, J., Terry, M., Tesher, M., Thatayatikom, A., Thomas, B., Tiffany, K., Ting, T., Tipp, A., Toib, D., Torok, K., Toruner, C., Tory, H., Toth, M., Tse, S., Tubwell, V., Twilt, M., Uriguen, S., Valcarcel, T., Van Mater, H., Vannoy, L., Varghese, C., Vasquez, N., Vazzana, K., Vehe, R., Veiga, K., Velez, J., Verbsky, J., Vilar, G., Volpe, N., Scheven, E., Vora, S., Wagner, J., Wagner‐Weiner, L., Wahezi, D., Waite, H., Walker, J., Walters, H., Muskardin, T. Wampler, Waqar, L., Waterfield, M., Watson, M., Watts, A., Weiser, P., Weiss, J., Weiss, P., Wershba, E., White, A., Williams, C., Wise, A., Woo, J., Woolnough, L., Wright, T., Wu, E., Yalcindag, A., Yee, M., Yen, E., Yeung, R., Yomogida, K., Yu, Q., Zapata, R., Zartoshti, A., Zeft, A., Zeft, R., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhu, A., and Zic, C.
- Abstract
The goal was to characterize short‐term kidney status and describe variation in early care utilization in a multicenter cohort of patients with childhood‐onset systemic lupus erythematosus (cSLE) and nephritis. We analyzed previously collected prospective data from North American patients with cSLE with kidney biopsy‐proven nephritis enrolled in the Childhood Arthritis and Rheumatology Research Alliance (CARRA) Registry from March 2017 through December 2019. We determined the proportion of patients with abnormal kidney status at the most recent registry visit and applied generalized linear mixed models to identify associated factors. We also calculated frequency of medication use, both during induction and ever recorded. We identified 222 patients with kidney biopsy–proven nephritis, with 64% class III/IV nephritis on initial biopsy. At the most recent registry visit at median (interquartile range) of 17 (8–29) months from initial kidney biopsy, 58 of 106 patients (55%) with available data had abnormal kidney status. This finding was associated with male sex (odds ratio [OR] 3.88, 95% confidence interval [95% CI] 1.21–12.46) and age at cSLE diagnosis (OR 1.23, 95% CI 1.01–1.49). Patients with class IV nephritis were more likely than class III to receive cyclophosphamide and rituximab during induction. There was substantial variation in mycophenolate, cyclophosphamide, and rituximab ever use patterns across rheumatology centers. In this cohort with predominately class III/IV nephritis, male sex and older age at cSLE diagnosis were associated with abnormal short‐term kidney status. We also observed substantial variation in contemporary medication use for pediatric lupus nephritis between pediatric rheumatology centers. Additional studies are needed to better understand the impact of this variation on long‐term kidney outcomes.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
46. Clinically relevant behavioral endpoints in a recurrent nitroglycerin migraine model in rats
- Author
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Sufka, Kenneth J., Staszko, Stephanie M., Johnson, Ainslee P., Davis, Morgan E., Davis, Rachel E., and Smitherman, Todd A.
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
47. Maize Phyllosphere Microbial Community Niche Development Across Stages of Host Leaf Growth [version 3; referees: 2 approved, 1 approved with reservations]
- Author
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Heather C. Manching, Kara Carlson, Sean Kosowsky, C. Tyler Smitherman, and Ann E. Stapleton
- Subjects
Agriculture & Biotechnology ,Community Ecology & Biodiversity ,Plant-Biotic Interactions ,Plant-Environment Interactions ,Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Background: The phyllosphere hosts a variety of microorganisms, including bacteria, which can play a positive role in the success of the host plant. Bacterial communities in the phylloplane are influenced by both biotic and abiotic factors, including host plant surface topography and chemistry, which change in concert with microbial communities as the plant leaves develop and age. Methods: We examined how the Zea mays L. leaf microbial community structure changed with plant age. Ribosomal spacer length and scanning electron microscopic imaging strategies were used to assess microbial community composition across maize plant ages, using a novel staggered experimental design. Results: Significant changes in community composition were observed for both molecular and imaging analyses, and the two analysis methods provided complementary information about bacterial community structure within each leaf developmental stage. Conclusions: Both taxonomic and cell-size trait patterns provided evidence for niche-based contributions to microbial community development on leaves.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
48. Implicit emotion regulation in adolescent girls: An exploratory investigation of Hidden Markov Modeling and its neural correlates.
- Author
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James S Steele, Keith Bush, Zachary N Stowe, George A James, Sonet Smitherman, Clint D Kilts, and Josh Cisler
- Subjects
Medicine ,Science - Abstract
Numerous data demonstrate that distracting emotional stimuli cause behavioral slowing (i.e. emotional conflict) and that behavior dynamically adapts to such distractors. However, the cognitive and neural mechanisms that mediate these behavioral findings are poorly understood. Several theoretical models have been developed that attempt to explain these phenomena, but these models have not been directly tested on human behavior nor compared. A potential tool to overcome this limitation is Hidden Markov Modeling (HMM), which is a computational approach to modeling indirectly observed systems. Here, we administered an emotional Stroop task to a sample of healthy adolescent girls (N = 24) during fMRI and used HMM to implement theoretical behavioral models. We then compared the model fits and tested for neural representations of the hidden states of the most supported model. We found that a modified variant of the model posited by Mathews et al. (1998) was most concordant with observed behavior and that brain activity was related to the model-based hidden states. Particularly, while the valences of the stimuli themselves were encoded primarily in the ventral visual cortex, the model-based detection of threatening targets was associated with increased activity in the bilateral anterior insula, while task effort (i.e. adaptation) was associated with reduction in the activity of these areas. These findings suggest that emotional target detection and adaptation are accomplished partly through increases and decreases, respectively, in the perceived immediate relevance of threatening cues and also demonstrate the efficacy of using HMM to apply theoretical models to human behavior.
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
49. Selecting Tools to Model Integer and Binomial Multiplication
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Sarah Smitherman Pratt and Colleen M. Eddy
- Subjects
Theory and practice of education ,LB5-3640 ,Mathematics ,QA1-939 - Abstract
Mathematics teachers frequently provide concrete manipulatives to students during instruction; however, the rationale for using certain manipulatives in conjunction with concepts may not be explored. This article focuses on area models that are currently used in classrooms to provide concrete examples of integer and binomial multiplication. The innovation of combining the representations for negative numbers with both algebra tiles and Algeblocks is provided, with a mathematical justification for its development. Teachers’ effective integration of tools such as these in mathematics instruction can help students develop conceptual understanding and procedural fluency.
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
50. Prevalence and Sociodemographic Correlates of Lifetime Substance Use among a Rural and Diverse Sample of Adolescents
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McDermott, Michael J., Drescher, Christopher F., Smitherman, Todd A., Tull, Matthew T., Heiden, Laurie, Damon, John D., Hight, Terry L., and Young, John
- Abstract
Background: Data are limited regarding the prevalence of substance use among adolescents in rural and ethnically diverse communities. This study examined rates and sociodemographic correlates of lifetime substance use among adolescents in Mississippi, a rural state that is the poorest in the country (21.3% poverty rate) and has the largest proportion of African Americans per capita (36.3%). Methods: Participants in this cross-sectional study were 6349 adolescents (6th through 12th grade) who reported on lifetime tobacco, alcohol, marijuana, cocaine, inhalant, hallucinogen, and methamphetamine use. Results: Lifetime smoking (10.2% to 44.5%), alcohol (23.2% to 72.0%), and marijuana use (7.9% to 39.2%) increased steadily when comparing students in 6th to 12th grade. Substances with more serious abuse potential (cocaine [6.7% to 11.1%], inhalants [12.2% to 17.9%], hallucinogens [4.4% to 12.1%], and methamphetamine [3.0% to 6.7%]) displayed more modest increases across grade. Adolescents who classified their race/ethnicity as "Other" (i.e., not white, black/African American, Asian, or Hispanic/Latino/Latina) demonstrated more than 2-fold increased likelihood of methamphetamine use (odds ratio [OR] = 2.42), and increased risk for use of any illicit substance (OR = 1.49). In general, males demonstrated an increased risk for use across substances (OR = 1.15--1.94), and higher income was associated with a decreased likelihood of illicit substance use (OR = 0.51--0.67). Living in a more populated area was associated with an increased likelihood of alcohol (OR = 1.43), marijuana (OR = 2.11), and cocaine use (OR = 2.06), and use of any illicit substance (OR = 1.54). Conclusions: Mississippi adolescents reported higher rates of lifetime cocaine, inhalant, hallucinogen, and methamphetamine use across all grade levels compared with national surveys. Male gender, low income, and residence in more populated areas were associated with increased use of several substances. Findings demonstrate the need for prevention and intervention programs targeting impoverished rural and ethnically diverse communities.
- Published
- 2013
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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