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2. Core References in Introductory Social Psychology and Developmental Psychology Textbooks

Author

Whitehead, George I., III, Smith, Stephanie H., and Losonczy-Marshall, Marta

Abstract

The purpose of the present study was to identify the core references in introductory textbooks in two sub-disciplines of psychology: social psychology and developmental psychology. One research question was the extent to which the common references in these textbooks present the trends in contemporary research in each sub-discipline. An analysis of the reference sections of 10 introductory social psychology textbooks and 15 developmental psychology textbooks found a small set of common references for each subject area. The results yielded three additional effects. First, there were more common references across social psychology textbooks than across developmental psychology textbooks. Second, authors of social psychology textbooks used journal articles as common references more often than books, whereas authors of developmental psychology textbooks used books as common references more than journal articles. Third, the majority of the core references were published prior to 2000. Implications of these findings for teachers of psychology were discussed.

Published
2017
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3. A Pilot Study of Core Topics in Introductory Social Psychology and Developmental Psychology Textbooks

Author

Whitehead, George I., III, Smith, Stephanie H., and Losonczy-Marshall, Marta

Abstract

This study examined the similarities and differences in the topics and references in selected chapters of eight introductory social psychology textbooks and six developmental psychology textbooks. We wanted to determine the extent to which there were core concepts and references presented in these chapters. We found a relatively small set of core topics and references in all of the selected chapters, indicating a lack of consensus among textbook authors as to the core concepts and references in the topic areas. These findings have implications for scholarly agreement about the knowledge base of psychology and the assessment of it.

Published
2014
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6. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study

Author

Hurst, Jillian H, primary, Heston, Sarah M, additional, Chambers, Hailey N, additional, Cunningham, Hannah M, additional, Price, Meghan J, additional, Suarez, Lilianna, additional, Crew, Carter G, additional, Bose, Shree, additional, Aquino, Jhoanna N, additional, Carr, Stuart T, additional, Griffin, S Michelle, additional, Smith, Stephanie H, additional, Jenkins, Kirsten, additional, Pfeiffer, Trevor S, additional, Rodriguez, Javier, additional, DeMarco, C Todd, additional, De Naeyer, Nicole A, additional, Gurley, Thaddeus C, additional, Louzao, Raul, additional, Zhao, Congwen, additional, Cunningham, Coleen K, additional, Steinbach, William J, additional, Denny, Thomas N, additional, Lugo, Debra J, additional, Moody, M Anthony, additional, Permar, Sallie R, additional, Rotta, Alexandre T, additional, Turner, Nicholas A, additional, Walter, Emmanuel B, additional, Woods, Christopher W, additional, and Kelly, Matthew S, additional

Published
2020
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7. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study

Author

Hurst, Jillian H., primary, Heston, Sarah M., additional, Chambers, Hailey N., additional, Cunningham, Hannah M., additional, Price, Meghan J., additional, Suarez, Liliana, additional, Crew, Carter G., additional, Bose, Shree, additional, Aquino, Jhoanna N., additional, Carr, Stuart T., additional, Griffin, S. Michelle, additional, Smith, Stephanie H., additional, Jenkins, Kirsten, additional, Pfeiffer, Trevor S., additional, Rodriguez, Javier, additional, DeMarco, C. Todd, additional, De Naeyer, Nicole A., additional, Gurley, Thaddeus C., additional, Louzao, Raul, additional, Cunningham, Coleen K., additional, Steinbach, William J., additional, Denny, Thomas N., additional, Lugo, Debra J., additional, Moody, M. Anthony, additional, Permar, Sallie R., additional, Rotta, Alexandre T., additional, Turner, Nicholas A., additional, Walter, Emmanuel B., additional, Woods, Christopher W., additional, and Kelly, Matthew S., additional

Published
2020
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8. Low Rates of Cascade Genetic Testing Among Families With Hereditary Gynecologic Cancer: An Opportunity to Improve Cancer Prevention

Author

Griffin, Natalie E., primary, Buchanan, Tommy R., additional, Smith, Stephanie H., additional, Leon, Andrea A., additional, Meyer, Melissa F., additional, Liu, Jingxia, additional, Tabak, Rachel G., additional, Fuh, Katherine C., additional, Thaker, Premal H., additional, Powell, Matthew A., additional, Mutch, David G., additional, Massad, L. Stewart, additional, Colditz, Graham A., additional, and Hagemann, Andrea R., additional

Published
2020
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9. Severe Acute Respiratory Syndrome Coronavirus 2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study.

Author

Hurst, Jillian H, Heston, Sarah M, Chambers, Hailey N, Cunningham, Hannah M, Price, Meghan J, Suarez, Lilianna, Crew, Carter G, Bose, Shree, Aquino, Jhoanna N, Carr, Stuart T, Griffin, S Michelle, Smith, Stephanie H, Jenkins, Kirsten, Pfeiffer, Trevor S, Rodriguez, Javier, DeMarco, C Todd, Naeyer, Nicole A De, Gurley, Thaddeus C, Louzao, Raul, and Zhao, Congwen

Subjects
COVID-19, BIOLOGICAL products
Abstract

Background Child with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum of SARS-CoV-2-related illnesses that the viruses causes in children. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study of children and adolescents (aged <21 years) with a SARS-CoV-2-infected close contact. We collected nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs at enrollment and tested for SARS-CoV-2 using a real-time polymerase chain reaction assay. Results Of 382 children, 293 (77%) were SARS-CoV-2-infected. SARS-CoV-2-infected children were more likely to be Hispanic (P <.0001), less likely to have asthma (P =.005), and more likely to have an infected sibling contact (P =.001) than uninfected children. Children aged 6-13 years were frequently asymptomatic (39%) and had respiratory symptoms less often than younger children (29% vs 48%; P =.01) or adolescents (29% vs 60%; P <.001). Compared with children aged 6-13 years, adolescents more frequently reported influenza-like (61% vs 39%; P <.001) , and gastrointestinal (27% vs 9%; P =.002), and sensory symptoms (42% vs 9%; P <.0001) and had more prolonged illnesses (median [interquartile range] duration: 7 [4-12] vs 4 [3-8] days; P = 0.01). Despite the age-related variability in symptoms, wWe found no difference in nasopharyngeal viral load by age or between symptomatic and asymptomatic children. Conclusions Hispanic ethnicity and an infected sibling close contact are associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among children, while asthma is associated with decreased risk. Age-related differences in clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection must be considered when evaluating children for coronavirus disease 2019 and in developing screening strategies for schools and childcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2021
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10. Distancing from a target person with cancer: the role of empathy-inducing instructions and family history of cancer

Author

Whitehead, George I., III and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
Cancer patients -- Social aspects, Empathy -- Social aspects, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

The authors tested the proposition that people distance themselves more from a target person with cancer when they have no family history of cancer and receive no empathy-inducing instructions. The authors also tested the proposition that men distance themselves more from a person with cancer than do women. The results confirm the prediction regarding family history and empathy, but they did not confirm the prediction about gender. Keywords: cancer, distancing, empathy, gender differences, ********** PYSZCZYNSKI ET AL. (1995) PROPOSED that people may distance themselves less from a person with cancer the more that they become conscious or aware of that person's illness. Distancing [...]

Published
2009

11. The use of consensus-raising excuses as a function of the manipulation of publicness: the role of expectations of future interaction

Author

Whitehead, George I., III and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
Social perception -- Research, Consensus (Social sciences) -- Psychological aspects, Self-presentation -- Psychological aspects, Excuses -- Psychological aspects, Psychology and mental health
Abstract

The present investigation tested the proposition that people use consensus-raising excuses less when they expect to discuss their responses with an informed audience than when they expect to reveal their responses to such an audience without discussion or keep their responses private. Subjects received favorable or unfavorable feedback on an ego-involving social perceptiveness test and made attributions to ability, effort, luck, and task difficulty while expecting to keep their responses private or expecting to reveal them publicly either with or without interaction with an informed audience. Attributions to task difficulty are considered consensus-raising excuses. The results supported the hypothesis.

Published
1990

12. The use of hand gestures and smiles in the inaugural addresses of presidents of the United States

Author

Whitehead, George I., III and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
Presidents -- Speeches, lectures and essays, Nonverbal communication -- Psychological aspects, Speeches, addresses, etc. -- Analysis, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

HALL (1966) delineated four distance zones that people keep between themselves and others: intimate, personal, social, and public. Hall suggested that, as the distance changes, there are corresponding changes in [...]

Published
2002

13. Selective Recall of Self-Descriptive Traits by Socially Anxious and Nonanxious Females.

Author

Breck, Barbara E. and Smith, Stephanie H.

Abstract

Assessed self-schemas of 36 socially anxious and 38 nonanxious female students. Results showed both socially anxious and nonanxious subjects rated more positive than negative traits as self-descriptive. Nonanxious subjects recalled more positive traits than did anxious subjects, and anxious subjects recalled more negative traits than did nonanxious subjects. (JAC)

Published
1983

15. Public and private attributions to luck as a function of social anxiety

Author

Whitehead, George I., III and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
Interpersonal relations -- Psychological aspects, Social skills -- Research, Defensiveness (Psychology) -- Research, Anxiety -- Research, Psychology and mental health, Sociology and social work
Abstract

The excuse-making behavior of socially anxious people is studied. It is proposed that individuals with high social anxiety would use consensus-raising excuses to account for failure less publicly than privately. A survey of college students show correlations between social anxiety, publicness and favorability of feedback. The results also supported the proposal that socially anxious individuals attributed failure less to luck in public., SOCIALLY ANXIOUS PEOPLE, research suggests, publicly explain their performances in a modest or conservative manner (Arkin, Appleman, & Burger, 1980; Greenberg, Pyszczynski, & Stine, 1985; Schlenker & Leary, 1982). Arkin [...]

Published
1995

17. Colaboradores

Author

Abidi, Nadia Y., Abzug, Mark J., Adams, David R., Adams, Nicholas S., Adelson, Stewart L., Ahlfeld, Shawn K., Ahmad, Osman Z., Aiken, John J., Akdis, Cezmi A., Alessandrini, Evaline A., Alexander, Michael A., Ali, Omar, Anderson, Karl E., Anthony, Kelly K., Antoon, Alia Y., Apkon, Susan D., Ardoin, Stacy P., Arkader, Alexandre, Armangué, Thaís, Arndt, Carola A.S., Aronson, Paul L., Asher, David M., Ashworth, Ann, Assa, Amit, Asselin, Barbara L., Astley, Christina M., Ater, Joann L., Atkinson, Norrell, Augustine, Erika U., Augustyn, Marilyn C., Avitzur, Yaron, Bacino, Carlos A., Bailey, Zinzi D., Balakrishnan, Binod, Balamuth, Frances B., Baldassano, Robert N., Baldwin, Keith D., Bales, Christina, Balistreri, William F., Ballantine, Allison, Baltimore, Robert S., Balwani, Manisha, Bamba, Vaneeta, Banwell, Brenda L., Barclay, Sarah F., Barnes-Davis, Maria E., Barron, Karyl S., Basel, Donald, Bass, Dorsey M., Bassett, Mary T., Bauerfeld, Christian P., Baum, Rebecca A., Bell, Michael J., Bender, Nicole R., Benjamin, Daniel K., Jr, Bennett, Michael J., Bernstein, Daniel, Bernstein, Henry H., Bharucha-Goebel, Diana X., Biggs, Holly M., Blanchard, Samra S., Blatter, Joshua A., Bleyer, Archie, Blum, Nathan J., Boas, Steven R., Bockting, Walter O., Boguniewicz, Mark, Boivin, Michael J., Bonthius, Daniel J., Bordini, Brett J., Bosse, Kristopher R., Bostwick, Bret L., Boyer, Kenneth M., Brady, Jennifer M., Brady, Patrick W., Brady, Rebecca C., Brady, Samuel L., Brandow, Amanda M., Breault, David T., Breuner, Cora Collette, Bridgemohan, Carolyn, Britt, William J., Brower, Laura, Brown, Rebeccah L., Brownell, J. Naylor, Browning, Meghen B., Brunetti-Pierri, Nicola, Bryant, Phillip R., Buckley, Rebecca H., Budek, Cynthia Etzler, Bunyavanich, Supinda, Burnham, Carey-Ann D., Burstein, Gale R., Bustinduy, Amaya L., Buyon, Jill P., Cabada, Miguel M., Cada, Michaela, Caglar, Derya, Cairo, Mitchell S., Calello, Diane P., Camarda, Lauren E., Cameron, Lindsay Hatzenbuehler, Camitta, Bruce M., Campbell, Angela J.P., Carlin, Rebecca F., Carr, Michael R., Carrigan, Robert B., Carroll, Michael S., Carter, Rebecca G., Caserta, Mary T., Chapman, Jennifer I., Cheifetz, Ira M., Chelimsky, Gisela G., Chelimsky, Thomas C., Chemaitilly, Wassim, Chen, Yuan-Tsong, Chiriboga, Jennifer A., Chiu, Yvonne E., Cho, Christine B., Chong, Hey Jin, Chou, Stella T., Christenson, John C., Chun, Robert H., Chusid, Michael J., Cieslak, Theodore J., Claes, Donna J., Clark, Jeff A., Clemens, John David, Coates, Thomas D., Coffin, Susan E., Cohen, Joanna S., Cohen, Mitchell B., Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Colbert, Robert A., Cole, F. Sessions, III, Collaco, J. Michael, Colombo, John L., Congeni, Joseph A., Conner, Lindsay N., Creighton, Sarah M., Crowe, James E., Jr, Czinn, Steven J., Dalal, Aarti S., Dalmau, Josep O., Danziger-Isakov, Lara A., Darville, Toni, Daum, Robert S., Davidson, Loren T., Davidson, Richard S., Davies, H. Dele, Daw, Najat C., Dean, Shannon L., Toro, Helen M. Oquendo Del, DeMaso, David R., Denison, Mark R., Dent, Arlene E., Desnick, Robert J., Deterding, Robin R., Devarajan, Prasad, deVeber, Gabrielle A., Dhar, Vineet, Dhawan, Anil, Dick, André A.S., Dietz, Harry C., III, Diiorio, Daren A., DiMeglio, Linda A., Dixon, Bradley P., Dlamini, Nomazulu, Dodhia, Sonam N., Donohoue, Patricia A., Downes, Kevin J., Doyle, Alexander J., Doyle, Daniel A., Doyle, Jefferson J., Dreskin, Stephen C., Driscoll, Sherilyn W., Dror, Yigal, D'souza, Jill N., Dubowitz, Howard, Dumler, J. Stephen, Duncan, Janet, Dvergsten, Jeffrey A., Earing, Michael G., Eberly, Matthew D., Eddy, S. Derrick, Egan, Marie E., Elder, Jack S., Englander, Elizabeth, Enlow, Elizabeth, Eppes, Stephen C., Ericson, Jessica, Erkan, Elif, Ermias, Yokabed, Eskew, Ashley M., Etzel, Ruth A., Fahrenkopf, Matthew P., Falk, Marni J., Faria, John J., Fargo, John H., Feemster, Kristen A., Feigelman, Susan, Feinstein, Jeffrey A., Feldman, Amy G., Felner, Eric I., Fels, Edward C., Feng, Sing-Yi, Ferkol, Thomas W., Jr, Finberg, Karin E., Finder, Jonathan D., Finkelstein, Laura H., Fiorino, Kristin N., Fischer, Philip R., Fisher, Brian T., Flood, Veronica H., Flores, Francisco X., Flynn, Joseph T., Flynn, Patricia M., Forman, Joel A., Frank, Michael M., Frenck, Robert W., Jr, Friedman, Deborah M., Friehling, Erika, Fritz, Stephanie A., Frush, Donald P., Gadomski, Anne M., Gaensbauer, James T., Gahagan, Sheila, Gahl, William A., Gallagher, Patrick G., Gans, Hayley A., Garcia-mauriño, Cristina, Gardiner, Paula M., Garibaldi, Luigi R., Gauthier, Gregory M., Gerber, Jeffrey S., Gershon, Anne A., Ghadersohi, Saied, Gibson, Mark, Gigliotti, Francis, Gilliam, Walter S., Ginde, Salil, Girotto, John A., Goldfarb, Samuel B., Goldman, David L., Goldman, Stanton C., Goldstein, Neal D., Goldstein, Stuart L., Gonzalez-Heydrich, Joseph, Goodman, Denise M., Goodman, Tracy S., Gordon, Catherine M., Gordon, Leslie B., Goto, Collin S., Gower, W. Adam, Goyal, Neera K., Goyeneche, Nicholas P., Graepel, Kevin W., Graham, Robert J., Greally, John M., Green, Cori M., Green, Michael, Greenbaum, Larry A., Greenbaum, V. Jordan, Greenberg, James M., Griffiths, Anne G., Grizzle, Kenneth L., Groner, Judith A., Guarino, Alfredo, Gurria, Juan P., Guz-Mark, Anat, Haddad, Gabriel G., Haddad, Joseph, Jr, Hagan, Joseph F., Jr, Hagood, James S., Haider, Suraiya K., Haliloglu, Goknur, Halstead, Scott B., Hammer, Allison R., Hammerschlag, Margaret R., Hamvas, Aaron, Harris, James C., Harrison, Douglas J., Hartman, Corina, Hartman, Mary E., Haslam, David B., Hassan, H. Hesham Abdel-Kader, Hauck, Fern R., Havers, Fiona P., Hayes, Ericka V., Hecht, Jacqueline T., Heidemann, Sabrina M., Heimall, Jennifer R., Hemingway, Cheryl, Hendley, J. Owen, Hernandez, Michelle L., Hershey, Andrew D., Herzog, Cynthia E., Hirner, Jesse P., Hochberg, Jessica, Hodes, Deborah, Hoefgen, Holly R., Holinger, Lauren D., Holland-Hall, Cynthia M., Hooper, David K., Hoover-Fong, Julie E., Hord, Jeffrey D., Horn, B. David, Horstmann, Helen M., Horton, William A., Hotez, Peter J., House, Samantha A., Hsu, Evelyn, Hsu, Katherine, Huang, Felicia A. Scaggs, Huddleston, Heather G., Huepenbecker, Sarah P., Huff, Vicki, Huh, Winston W., Humphrey, Stephen R., Hunger, Stephen P., Hunstad, David A., Hunt, Carl E., Huppert, Stacey S., Huppler, Anna R., Ibeziako, Patricia I., Ibrahim, Samar H., Jackson, Allison M., Jackson, Elizabeth C., Jackson, Mary Anne, Jaffe, Ashlee, Janowski, Andrew B., Jatlaoui, Tara C., Jelsing, Elena J., Jensen, M. Kyle, Jenssen, Brian P., Jerardi, Karen E., John, Chandy C., Johnston, Brian D., Johnston, Michael V., Johnston, Richard B., Jr, Jones, Bridgette L., Joselow, Marsha, Josephson, Cassandra D., Jospe, Nicholas, Joyce, Joel C., Kabbouche, Marielle A., Kacperski, Joanne, Kamat, Deepak, Kamath-Rayne, Beena D., Kansra, Alvina R., Kanter, David M., Karlin, Aaron M., Kattan, Jacob, Kazura, James W., Kearns, Gregory L., Kelly, Andrea, Kelly, Desmond P., Kelly, Kevin J., Kelly, Matthew S., Kelly, Michael, Ken, Kimberly M., Kennedy, Melissa A., Kerem, Eitan, Kerschner, Joseph E., Khan, Seema, Khatami, Ameneh, Khatua, Soumen, Kilinsky, Alexandra, Kim, Chong-Tae, Kim, Wendy E., King, Charles H., Kingma, Paul S., Kinsman, Stephen L., Kishnani, Priya S., Klein, Bruce L., Klein, Bruce S., Kliegman, Robert M., Koch, William C., Kochanek, Patrick M., Kodish, Eric, Kohlhoff, Stephan A., Kostic, Mark A., Kotloff, Karen L., Krane, Elliot J., Krause, Peter J., Kreipe, Richard E., Krug, Steven E., Kwiatkowski, Janet L., Kwon, Jennifer M., Lachenauer, Catherine S., Ladisch, Stephan, Lakser, Oren J., Landrigan, Philip J., Landry, Gregory L., Lane, Wendy G., Larson, A. Noelle, LaRussa, Phillip S., Lawrence, J. Todd R., Lee, Brendan, Lee, K. Jane, Leeder, J. Steven, Leiding, Jennifer W., Lentze, Michael J., Lestrud, Steven O., Leung, Donald Y.M., Levas, Michael N., Levy, Rona L., Li, B U.K., Liacouras, Chris A., Liebig, Christopher W., Lipkin, Paul H., Liptzin, Deborah R., Liu, Andrew H., Lo, Lucinda, Lo, Stanley F., Long, Kathleen A., Long, Sarah S., Lopez, Anna Lena, Lopez, Santiago M.C., Lossef, Steven V., Lowry, Jennifer A., Macumber, Ian R., Magnusson, Mark R., Magoulas, Pilar L., Mahajan, Prashant V., Majzoub, Joseph A., Mann, Robert J., Manoli, Irini, Maqbool, Asim, Maranich, Ashley M., Marcantuono, Nicole, Margolis, David, Marin, Mona, Marini, Joan C., Markello, Thomas C., Markowitz, Morri, Maroushek, Stacene R., Marsh, Justin D., Martin, Kari L., Martinez, Maria G., Mason, Wilbert H., Maalon, Reuben K., Matta, Sravan Kumar Reddy, Maybank, Aletha, Mazor, Robert L., McAllister, Jennifer, McCabe, Megan E., McClean, Megan E., McColley, Susanna A., McGann, Patrick T., McGovern, Margaret M., McGrath-Morrow, Sharon A., McKinney, Jeffrey S., McLaughlin, Matthew J., McLeod, Rima, Mejias, Asuncion, Melby, Peter C., Melzer-Lange, Marlene D., Merguerian, Matthew D., Merhar, Stephanie L., Merritt, Diane F., Messacar, Kevin, Michaels, Marian G., Michniacki, Thomas F., Mikati, Mohad A., Milgrom, Henry, Mink, Jonathan W., Mistovich, R. Justin, Mitchell, Jonathan A., Mitsnefes, Mark M., Mohandas, Sindhu, Moon, Rachel Y., Moran, Joan P., Morava, Eva, Moreno, Megan A., Morgan, Esi, Morrison, Peter E., Moseley, Lovern R., Mozer-Glassberg, Yael, Muglia, Louis J., Murphy, Kevin P., Murphy, Timothy F., Murray, Karen F., Murray, Thomas S., Narula, Sona, Natale, Mindo J., Nathan, Amy T., Navsaria, Dipesh, Neal, William A., Nehme, Grace, Nehus, Edward J., Nelson, Maureen R., Neri, Caitlin M., Neuman, Mark I., Nevin, Mary A., Newburger, Jane W., NewMark, Jonathan, Nield, Linda S., Niss, Omar, Noah, Zehava L., Nocton, James J., Nogee, Lawrence M., Noje, Corina, Norton, Laura E., Nowak-Węgrzyn, Anna, Obaro, Stephen K., Obeid, Makram M., O’Brien, Hope L., Okwo-Bele, Jean-Marie, Oleszek, Joyce L., Olitsky, Scott E., Olsson, John M., Ombrello, Amanda K., O’Neill, Meghan E., Onigbanjo, Mutiat T., Orenstein, Walter A., Orscheln, Rachel C., Osorio, Marisa, Otto, Christian A., Owens, Judith A., Özen, Seza, Pachter, Lee M., Padhye, Amruta, Pak-Gorstein, Suzinne, Panganiban, Jennifer, Pappas, Diane E., Parent, John J., Parker, Alasdair P.J., Parks, Elizabeth Prout, Patterson, Briana C., Patterson, Maria Jevitz, Peters, Anna L., Peters, Timothy R., Phelan, Rachel A., Pinto, Anna, Poindexter, Brenda B., Pollard, Andrew J., Preciado, Diego, Proctor, Mark R., II, Howard I. Pryor, Pyles, Lee A., Quinn, Molly, Quint, Elisabeth H., Rabatin, Amy E., Rabinovich, C. Egla, Raffini, Leslie J., Ralston, Shawn L., Ram, Sanjay, Ramilo, Octavio, Ramirez, Kacy A., Rand, Casey M., Ratner, Adam J., Ratner, Lee, Raymond, Gerald V., Reed, Ann M., Reif, Shimon, Reller, Megan E., Reuter, Caroline H., Reyes, Jorge D., Rinawi, Firas, Ritchey, A. Kim, Rivara, Frederick P., Robinette, Eric, Robinson, Angela Byun, Rodrigues, Kristine Knuti, Rodriguez-Buritica, David F., Rodríguez-Fernández, Rosa, Roosevelt, Genie E., Rosenberg, David R., Roskind, Cindy Ganis, Ross, A. Catharine, Rossano, Joseph W., Rothman, Jennifer A., Rozenfeld, Ranna A., Ryan, Colleen A., Ryan, Monique M., Ryu, Julie, Sachdev, H.P.S., Sadarangani, Manish, Sadun, Rebecca E., Sahin, Mustafa, Sainath, Nina N., Salata, Robert A., Salvana, Edsel Maurice T., Sampson, Hugh A., Samsel, Chase B., Sandora, Thomas J., Sandritter, Tracy L., Sankar, Wudbhav N., Sarkissian, Eric J., Sarnaik, Ajit A., Sarnaik, Ashok P., Sarnat, Harvey B., Schaffzin, Joshua K., Schanberg, Laura E., Schechter, Michael S., Schleiss, Mark R., Schor, Nina F., Schroeder, James W., Jr, Schulte, Elaine E., Schuster, Mark A., Scott, Daryl A., Scott, J. Paul, Scott, John P., Seed, Patrick C., Serwint, Janet R., Shah, Apurva S., Shah, Dheeraj, Shah, Samir S., Shaikhkhalil, Ala, Shamir, Raanan, Shanti, Christina M., Shapiro, Bruce K., Shaughnessy, Erin E., Shaywitz, Bennett A., Shaywitz, Sally E., Shchelochkov, Oleg A., Sheanon, Nicole M., Shneider, Benjamin L., Shulman, Stanford T., Sicherer, Scott H., Simms, Mark D., Simmons, Jeffery M., Simões, Eric A.F., Simonsen, Kari A., Sinclair-McBride, Keneisha, Sivaraman, Vidya, Slavotinek, Anne M., Smith, Jessica R., Smith, Stephanie H., Smith-Whitley, Kim, Son, Mary Beth F., Sosinsky, Laura Stout, Souder, Emily, Spahn, Joseph D., Spearman, Paul, Sperling, Mark A., Spiegel, David A., Spitzer, Jaclyn B., Spranger, Jürgen W., Squires, James E., Srivastava, Siddharth, Geme, Joseph W. St, III, Stallings, Amy P., Stallings, Virginia A., Stambough, Kathryn C., Stanberry, Lawrence R., Stanley, Charles A., Starke, Jeffrey R., Starr, Taylor B., Steenhoff, Andrew P., Stein, Ronen E., Steinbach, William J., Stewart, Janet, Storch, Gregory A., Strauss, Ronald G., Sucato, Gina S., Suchy, Frederick J., Suhrie, Kristen R., Sullivan, Kathleen E., Szilagyi, Moira, Tabbah, Sammy M., Tanz, Robert R., Tarango, Cristina, Tarek, Nidale, Tasker, Robert C., Tchapyjnikov, Dmitry, Tesini, Brenda L., Theobald, Jillian L., Thielen, Beth K., Thomas, Anita A., Thomas, Cameron W., Thornburg, Courtney D., Tieder, Joel S., Tifft, Cynthia J., Todd, James K., Tolentino, Victor R., Jr, Toro, Camilo, II, Richard L. Tower, Trapasso, Joseph M., Troncone, Riccardo, Tsao, Elaine, Tubergen, David G., Tuchman, Lisa K., Turk, Margaret A., Turner, David A., Ullrich, Christina, Ullrich, Nicole, Upadhya, Krishna K., Urion, David K., Valika, Taher, Van Hare, George F., Van Mater, Heather A., Varnell, Charles D., Jr, Vaughan, Ana M., Vece, Timothy J., Vemana, Aarthi P., Venditti, Charles P., Vepraskas, Sarah, Verbsky, James W., Vermilion, Jennifer A., Vickery, Brian P., Vitola, Bernadette E., Voynow, Judith A., Wagner, Jonathan B., Waguespack, Steven G., Walker, David M., Walkovich, Kelly J., Walter, Heather J., Wambach, Jennifer A., Wang, Julie, Wangler, Michael F., Ware, Russell E., Ware, Stephanie M., Washam, Matthew C., Wassner, Ari J., Wattier, Rachel, Weber, David R., Weese-Mayer, Debra E., Weinberg, Jason B., Weinman, Jason P., Weise, Kathryn L., Weiss, Anna K., Weiss, Pamela F., Weitzman, Carol, Welebir, Morgan P., Wells, Lawrence, Wen, Jessica W., Wendel, Danielle, Werlin, Steven L., Wessels, Michael R., Wetmore, Ralph F., Wexelblatt, Scott L., Wexler, Isaiah D., Clinton White, A., Jr, White, Perrin C., Williams, John V., Willoughby, Rodney E., Jr, Wilschanski, Michael, Wilson, Karen M., Wilson, Pamela, Winell, Jennifer J., Winnie, Glenna B., Wissow, Lawrence, Witters, Peter, Wolf, Joshua, Wolfgram, Peter M., Wolfe, Joanne, Woods, Brandon T., Wright, Benjamin L., Wright, Joseph L., Wright, Terry W., Wu, Eveline Y., Yagupsky, Pablo, Yeh, E. Ann, Yeshokumar, Anusha K., Zaky, Wafik, Zapata, Lauren B., Zeltzer, Lonnie K., Zhou, Amy, and Zuckerman, Barry S.

Published
2020
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24. Causal Attributions by Blacks and Whites.

Author

Whitehead, George I., III and Smith, Stephanie H.

Abstract

Tests self-serving attributional bias, attributing success to internal factors and failure to external factors among Blacks. With a sample of 35 Black and 35 White undergraduates, demonstrates this bias for both races. Finds Blacks attributed outcomes more to effort, whereas Whites attributed outcomes to task difficulty, a more stable factor. (DB)

Published
1990

28. Self-Presentational Strategies of Modern and Traditional Presidents.

Author

Whitehead, III, George I. and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
*SELF-presentation, *PRESIDENTS of the United States, *OFFICES, *MODERNITY, *SELF-expression, *IMPRESSION management, *INTIMIDATION, INAUGURAL addresses of American presidents
Abstract

In the 20th century, a number of changes to the office of the American presidency have marked its transition from traditional to modern. These changes may be associated with changes in the manner in which modern and traditional presidents present themselves. Inaugural addresses of American presidents were scored for the usage of each of five self-presentational strategies — ingratiation, intimidation, exemplification, self-promotion, and supplication. We predicted that ingratiation and intimidation would appear more in the inaugural addresses of modern than traditional presidents, whereas there would be no differences in the inclusion of exemplification, self-promotion, and supplication in the inaugural addresses of modern and traditional presidents. The results supported the predictions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1999

29. Attributions for Promotion and Demotion in the United States and India.

Author

Smith, Stephanie H. and Whitehead III, George I.

Subjects
COGNITION, ATTRIBUTION (Social psychology), SOCIAL perception, COLLEGE students
Abstract

Weiner et al. have proposed a model of attributions for task performance that categorizes achievement attributions in terms of an internal/external dimension and a stable/unstable dimension. The present study proposes a modification of the model to include external power factors relevant to an individual or an environment. It was hypothesized that promotions would elicit attributions of external power relevant to an individual (e.g., social class) and demotions would elicit attributions of external power relevant to the environment (e.g., corruption). It was also hypothesized that Americans would make attributions to internal factors (ability and effort) more than would Indians and that Indians would make attributions to external power factors more than would Americans. To this end, 87 American and 131 Indian college students read about a worker who was promoted or demoted in a job and attributed the promotion or demotion to internal, external, and external power factors. The results supported the hypotheses. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1984
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30. The effect of subject's race and other's race on judgments of causality for success and failure.

Author

Whitehead, III, George I., Smith, Stephanie H., and Eichhorn, Julia A.

Subjects
PSYCHOLOGICAL research, ATTITUDE (Psychology), BLACK people, WHITE people, SUCCESS, FAILURE (Psychology), JUDGMENT (Psychology), STEREOTYPES, TASK performance
Abstract

This study examined the proposition that blacks and whites make dispositional attributions for an in-group's positive behaviors and an out-group's negative behaviors. The study also examined whether this positive in-group bias was caused by dislike of the out-group or belief in a stereotype. Thus, blacks and whites made attributions to black and white others who succeeded or failed on tasks for which there was either no stereotype or a more negative stereotype of whites than of blacks. An out-group other's failure on both tasks was attributed to lack of ability more than was an in-group other's failure. This finding suggests that the in-group bias is caused by dislike of the out-group. Furthermore, in success conditions subjects' attributions to the in-group or out-group other did not differ. It was suggested that these attributions may result from a combination of an in-group bias and a polarized appraisal. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1982
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31. The effect of expectancy on the assignment of responsibility for a misfortune.

Author

Whitehead III, George I. and Smith, Stephanie H.

Subjects
RESPONSIBILITY, BLAME, SOCIAL learning, EXPECTANCY theories, SENSORY perception, COGNITIVE ability
Abstract

The article focuses on the factors that effect the assignment of personal responsibility. It examines the social learning theory where it focuses on perceiver's degree of internality. The more an individual is able to control his negative outcomes the more is he held responsible for them. In this theory control is equivalent to expectancy. Perceivers must then take an event's expectancy into account when assigning responsibility. The failure of an individual to avoid the negative outcome makes him more instrumental in producing the observed effects and therefore more responsible. The consideration of both balance and hedonic principles suggests a curvilinear relationship between severity and the assignment of responsibility. It is also possible that any effects of expectancy and severity are dependent upon the sex of the perceiver. The devaluation was specific to what the expectancy manipulation indicated about the individual. Blame was initially assessed because it seemed to be a synonym for responsibility. The correlation between the blame and responsibility measures and the effect that expectancy had on both measures attests to the similarity of the terms.

Published
1976
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32. SARS-CoV-2 Infections Among Children in the Biospecimens from Respiratory Virus-Exposed Kids (BRAVE Kids) Study.

Author

Hurst JH, Heston SM, Chambers HN, Cunningham HM, Price MJ, Suarez L, Crew CG, Bose S, Aquino JN, Carr ST, Griffin SM, Smith SH, Jenkins K, Pfeiffer TS, Rodriguez J, DeMarco CT, De Naeyer NA, Gurley TC, Louzao R, Cunningham CK, Steinbach WJ, Denny TN, Lugo DJ, Moody MA, Permar SR, Rotta AT, Turner NA, Walter EB, Woods CW, and Kelly MS

Abstract

Background: Children with SARS-CoV-2 infection typically have mild symptoms that do not require medical attention, leaving a gap in our understanding of the spectrum of illnesses that the virus causes in children., Methods: We conducted a prospective cohort study of children and adolescents (<21 years of age) with a SARS-CoV-2-infected close contact. We collected nasopharyngeal or nasal swabs at enrollment and tested for SARS-CoV-2 using a real-time PCR assay., Results: Of 382 children, 289 (76%) were SARS-CoV-2-infected. SARS-CoV-2-infected children were more likely to be Hispanic (p<0.0001), less likely to have a history of asthma (p=0.009), and more likely to have an infected sibling contact (p=0.0007) than uninfected children. Children ages 6-13 years were frequently asymptomatic (38%) and had respiratory symptoms less often than younger children (30% vs. 49%; p=0.008) or adolescents (30% vs. 59%; p<0.0001). Compared to children ages 6-13 years, adolescents more frequently reported influenza-like (61% vs. 39%; p=0.002), gastrointestinal (26% vs. 9%; p=0.003), and sensory symptoms (43% vs. 9%; p<0.0001), and had more prolonged illnesses [median (IQR) duration: 7 (4, 12) vs. 4 (3, 8) days; p=0.004]. Despite the age-related variability in symptoms, we found no differences in nasopharyngeal viral load by age or between symptomatic and asymptomatic children., Conclusions: Hispanic ethnicity and an infected sibling close contact are associated with increased SARS-CoV-2 infection risk among children, while a history of asthma is associated with decreased risk. Age-related differences in the clinical manifestations of SARS-CoV-2 infection must be considered when evaluating children for COVID-19 and in developing screening strategies for schools and childcare settings.

Published
2020
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