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38 results on '"Smith, Sean G."'

1. Data from Genetically Defined Syngeneic Mouse Models of Ovarian Cancer as Tools for the Discovery of Combination Immunotherapy

Author

Iyer, Sonia, primary, Zhang, Shuang, primary, Yucel, Simge, primary, Horn, Heiko, primary, Smith, Sean G., primary, Reinhardt, Ferenc, primary, Hoefsmit, Esmee, primary, Assatova, Bimarzhan, primary, Casado, Julia, primary, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, primary, Barrasa, M. Inmaculada, primary, Bell, George W., primary, Pérez-Villatoro, Fernando, primary, Huhtinen, Kaisa, primary, Hynninen, Johanna, primary, Oikkonen, Jaana, primary, Galhenage, Pamoda M., primary, Pathania, Shailja, primary, Hammond, Paula T., primary, Neel, Benjamin G., primary, Farkkila, Anniina, primary, Pépin, David, primary, and Weinberg, Robert A., primary

Published
2023
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2. Supplementary Data from Genetically Defined Syngeneic Mouse Models of Ovarian Cancer as Tools for the Discovery of Combination Immunotherapy

Author

Iyer, Sonia, primary, Zhang, Shuang, primary, Yucel, Simge, primary, Horn, Heiko, primary, Smith, Sean G., primary, Reinhardt, Ferenc, primary, Hoefsmit, Esmee, primary, Assatova, Bimarzhan, primary, Casado, Julia, primary, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, primary, Barrasa, M. Inmaculada, primary, Bell, George W., primary, Pérez-Villatoro, Fernando, primary, Huhtinen, Kaisa, primary, Hynninen, Johanna, primary, Oikkonen, Jaana, primary, Galhenage, Pamoda M., primary, Pathania, Shailja, primary, Hammond, Paula T., primary, Neel, Benjamin G., primary, Farkkila, Anniina, primary, Pépin, David, primary, and Weinberg, Robert A., primary

Published
2023
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4. A new label-free optical imaging method for the lymphatic system enhanced by deep learning

Author

Li, Zhongming, Huang, Shengnan, He, Yanpu, van Wijnbergen, Jan Willem, Zhang, Yizhe, Cottrell, Rob D., Smith, Sean G., Hammond, Paula T., Chen, Danny Z., Padera, Timothy P., and Belcher, Angela M.

Subjects
Article
Abstract

Our understanding of the lymphatic vascular system lags far behind that of the blood vascular system, limited by available imaging technologies. We present a label-free optical imaging method that visualizes the lymphatic system with high contrast. We developed an orthogonal polarization imaging (OPI) in the shortwave infrared range (SWIR) and imaged both lymph nodes and lymphatic vessels of mice and ratsin vivothrough intact skin, as well as human mesenteric lymph nodes in colectomy specimens. By integrating SWIR-OPI with U-Net, a deep learning image segmentation algorithm, we automated the lymph node size measurement process. Changes in lymph nodes in response to cancer progression were monitored in two separate mouse cancer models, through which we obtained insights into pre-metastatic niches and correlation between lymph node masses and many important biomarkers. In a human pilot study, we demonstrated the effectiveness of SWIR-OPI to detect human lymph nodes in real time with clinical colectomy specimens.One Sentence SummaryWe develop a real-time high contrast optical technique for imaging the lymphatic system, and apply it to anatomical pathology gross examination in a clinical setting, as well as real-time monitoring of tumor microenvironment in animal studies.

Published
2023
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9. Cancer Cell Coating Nanoparticles for Optimal Tumor-Specific Cytokine Delivery

Author

Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Barberio, Antonio E, Smith, Sean G, Correa, Santiago, Nguyen, Cathy, Nhan, Bang, Melo, Mariane, Tokatlian, Talar, Suh, Heikyung, Irvine, Darrell J, Hammond, Paula T, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Chemical Engineering, Koch Institute for Integrative Cancer Research at MIT, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Biological Engineering, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Ragon Institute of MGH, MIT and Harvard, Massachusetts Institute of Technology. Institute for Soldier Nanotechnologies, Barberio, Antonio E, Smith, Sean G, Correa, Santiago, Nguyen, Cathy, Nhan, Bang, Melo, Mariane, Tokatlian, Talar, Suh, Heikyung, Irvine, Darrell J, and Hammond, Paula T

Abstract

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Although cytokine therapy is an attractive strategy to build a more robust immune response in tumors, cytokines have faced clinical failures due to toxicity. In particular, interleukin-12 has shown great clinical promise but was limited in translation because of systemic toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced ability to reduce toxicity without affecting the efficacy of IL-12 therapy. We engineer the material properties of a NP to meet the enhanced demands for optimal cytokine delivery by using the layer-by-layer (LbL) approach. Importantly, using LbL, we demonstrate cell-level trafficking of NPs to preferentially localize to the cell's outer surface and act as a drug depot, which is required for optimal payload activity on neighboring cytokine membrane receptors. LbL-NPs showed efficacy against a tumor challenge in both colorectal and ovarian tumors at doses that were not tolerated when administered carrier-free.

Published
2022

11. Layer‐by‐layer interleukin‐12 nanoparticles drive a safe and effective response in ovarian tumors.

Author

Barberio, Antonio E., Smith, Sean G., Pires, Ivan S., Iyer, Sonia, Reinhardt, Ferenc, Melo, Mariane B., Suh, Heikyung, Weinberg, Robert A., Irvine, Darrell J., and Hammond, Paula T.

Subjects
*OVARIAN tumors, *INTERLEUKIN-12, *TRAFFIC safety, *OVARIAN cancer, *IMMUNE response, *NANOMEDICINE, *MAGNETIC nanoparticle hyperthermia
Abstract

Ovarian cancer is especially deadly, challenging to treat, and has proven refractory to known immunotherapies. Cytokine therapy is an attractive strategy to drive a proinflammatory immune response in immunologically cold tumors such as many high grade ovarian cancers; however, this strategy has been limited in the past due to severe toxicity. We previously demonstrated the use of a layer‐by‐layer (LbL) nanoparticle (NP) delivery vehicle in subcutaneous flank tumors to reduce the toxicity of interleukin‐12 (IL‐12) therapy upon intratumoral injection. However, ovarian cancer cannot be treated by local injection as it presents as dispersed metastases. Herein, we demonstrate the use of systemically delivered LbL NPs using a cancer cell membrane‐binding outer layer to effectively target and engage the adaptive immune system as a treatment in multiple orthotopic ovarian tumor models, including immunologically cold tumors. IL‐12 therapy from systemically delivered LbL NPs shows reduced severe toxicity and maintained anti‐tumor efficacy compared to carrier‐free IL‐12 or layer‐free liposomal NPs leading to a 30% complete survival rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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12. Cancer Cell Coating Nanoparticles for Optimal Tumor-Specific Cytokine Delivery

Author

Barberio, Antonio E, Smith, Sean G, Correa, Santiago, Nguyen, Cathy, Nhan, Bang, Melo, Mariane, Tokatlian, Talar, Suh, Heikyung, Irvine, Darrell J, Hammond, Paula T, Barberio, Antonio E, Smith, Sean G, Correa, Santiago, Nguyen, Cathy, Nhan, Bang, Melo, Mariane, Tokatlian, Talar, Suh, Heikyung, Irvine, Darrell J, and Hammond, Paula T

Abstract

© 2020 American Chemical Society. Although cytokine therapy is an attractive strategy to build a more robust immune response in tumors, cytokines have faced clinical failures due to toxicity. In particular, interleukin-12 has shown great clinical promise but was limited in translation because of systemic toxicity. In this study, we demonstrate an enhanced ability to reduce toxicity without affecting the efficacy of IL-12 therapy. We engineer the material properties of a NP to meet the enhanced demands for optimal cytokine delivery by using the layer-by-layer (LbL) approach. Importantly, using LbL, we demonstrate cell-level trafficking of NPs to preferentially localize to the cell's outer surface and act as a drug depot, which is required for optimal payload activity on neighboring cytokine membrane receptors. LbL-NPs showed efficacy against a tumor challenge in both colorectal and ovarian tumors at doses that were not tolerated when administered carrier-free.

Published
2021

13. Implementation of an Electronic Health Record System for Use Inhumanitarian Emergencies, Disaster Response, and Conflict Zones

Author

Draugelis, Sarah D, Brown, Erik C, Smith, Sean G, Sutherland, Philip, Yendewa, George A, Mohareb, Amir M, and Donahue, Donald A

Abstract

AbstractObjectiveDespite the global expansion of electronic medical record (EMR) systems and their increased integration with artificial intelligence (AI), their utilization in disaster settings remains limited, and few studies have evaluated their implementation. We aimed to evaluate Fast Electronic Medical Record (fEMR), a novel, mobile EMR designed for resource-limited settings, based on user feedback.MethodsWe examined usage data through October 2022 to categorize the nature of its use for disaster response and determine the number of patients served. We conducted interviews with stakeholders and gathered input from clinicians who had experience using fEMR.ResultsOver eight years, fEMR was employed 60 times in 11 countries across four continents by 14 organizations (universities, non-profits, and disaster response teams). This involved 37,500+ patient encounters in diverse settings including migrant camps at the US-Mexico and Poland-Ukraine borders, mobile health clinics in Kenya and Guatemala, and post-earthquake relief in Haiti. User feedback highlighted adaptability, but suggested hardware and workflow improvements.ConclusionEMR systems have the potential to enhance healthcare delivery in humanitarian responses, offer valuable data for planning and preparedness, and support measurement of effectiveness. As a simple, versatile EMR system, fEMR has been deployed to numerous disaster response and low-income settings.

Published
2024
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15. Genetically Defined Syngeneic Mouse Models of Ovarian Cancer as Tools for the Discovery of Combination Immunotherapy

Author

Iyer, Sonia, primary, Zhang, Shuang, additional, Yucel, Simge, additional, Horn, Heiko, additional, Smith, Sean G., additional, Reinhardt, Ferenc, additional, Hoefsmit, Esmee, additional, Assatova, Bimarzhan, additional, Casado, Julia, additional, Meinsohn, Marie-Charlotte, additional, Barrasa, M. Inmaculada, additional, Bell, George W., additional, Pérez-Villatoro, Fernando, additional, Huhtinen, Kaisa, additional, Hynninen, Johanna, additional, Oikkonen, Jaana, additional, Galhenage, Pamoda M., additional, Pathania, Shailja, additional, Hammond, Paula T., additional, Neel, Benjamin G., additional, Farkkila, Anniina, additional, Pépin, David, additional, and Weinberg, Robert A., additional

Published
2021
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17. Abstract A29: The genomic architecture of serous carcinomas shapes the tumor microenvironment and modulates responses to targeted and immunotherapies

Author

Iyer, Sonia, primary, Zhang, Shuang, additional, Farkkila, Anniina, additional, Smith, Sean G., additional, Pepin, David, additional, Mohan, Raghav, additional, Hoefsmit, Esmee, additional, Xia, Tian, additional, Reinhardt, Ferenc, additional, Chavarria, Tony E., additional, Pathania, Shailja, additional, Zhou, Yunlan, additional, Elias, Kevin M., additional, Neel, Benjamin G., additional, and Weinberg, Robert A., additional

Published
2020
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31. Effect of Chitosan Properties on Immunoreactivity.

Author

Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Koppolu, Bhanu prasanth, Smith, Sean G., and Zaharoff, David A.

Abstract

Chitosan is a widely investigated biopolymer in drug and gene delivery, tissue engineering and vaccine development. However, the immune response to chitosan is not clearly understood due to contradicting results in literature regarding its immunoreactivity. Thus, in this study,we analyzed effects of various biochemical properties, namely degree of deacetylation (DDA), viscosity/polymer length and endotoxin levels, on immune responses by antigen presenting cells (APCs). Chitosan solutions from various sources were treated with mouse and human APCs (macrophages and/or dendritic cells) and the amount of tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) released by the cells was used as an indicator of immunoreactivity. Our results indicate that only endotoxin content and not DDA or viscosity influenced chitosan-induced immune responses. Our data also indicate that low endotoxin chitosan (<0.01 EU/mg) ranging from 20 to 600 cP and 80% to 97% DDA is essentially inert. This study emphasizes the need for more complete characterization and purification of chitosan in preclinical studies in order for this valuable biomaterial to achieve widespread clinical application. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2016
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32. 31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one: National Harbor, MD, USA. 9-13 November 2016

Author

Lundqvist, Andreas, van Hoef, Vincent, Zhang, Xiaonan, Wennerberg, Erik, Lorent, Julie, Witt, Kristina, Sanz, Laia Masvidal, Liang, Shuo, Murray, Shannon, Larsson, Ola, Kiessling, Rolf, Mao, Yumeng, Sidhom, John-William, Bessell, Catherine A., Havel, Jonathan, Schneck, Jonathan, Chan, Timothy A., Sachsenmeier, Eliot, Woods, David, Berglund, Anders, Ramakrishnan, Rupal, Sodre, Andressa, Weber, Jeffrey, Zappasodi, Roberta, Li, Yanyun, Qi, Jingjing, Wong, Philip, Sirard, Cynthia, Postow, Michael, Newman, Walter, Koon, Henry, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Callahan, Margaret K., Wolchok, Jedd D., Merghoub, Taha, Lum, Lawrence G., Choi, Minsig, Thakur, Archana, Deol, Abhinav, Dyson, Gregory, Shields, Anthony, Haymaker, Cara, Uemura, Marc, Murthy, Ravi, James, Marihella, Wang, Daqing, Brevard, Julie, Monaghan, Catherine, Swann, Suzanne, Geib, James, Cornfeld, Mark, Chunduru, Srinivas, Agrawal, Sudhir, Yee, Cassian, Wargo, Jennifer, Patel, Sapna P., Amaria, Rodabe, Tawbi, Hussein, Glitza, Isabella, Woodman, Scott, Hwu, Wen-Jen, Davies, Michael A., Hwu, Patrick, Overwijk, Willem W., Bernatchez, Chantale, Diab, Adi, Massarelli, Erminia, Segal, Neil H., Ribrag, Vincent, Melero, Ignacio, Gangadhar, Tara C., Urba, Walter, Schadendorf, Dirk, Ferris, Robert L., Houot, Roch, Morschhauser, Franck, Logan, Theodore, Luke, Jason J., Sharfman, William, Barlesi, Fabrice, Ott, Patrick A., Mansi, Laura, Kummar, Shivaani, Salles, Gilles, Carpio, Cecilia, Meier, Roland, Krishnan, Suba, McDonald, Dan, Maurer, Matthew, Gu, Xuemin, Neely, Jaclyn, Suryawanshi, Satyendra, Levy, Ronald, Khushalani, Nikhil, Wu, Jennifer, Zhang, Jinyu, Basher, Fahmin, Rubinstein, Mark, Bucsek, Mark, Qiao, Guanxi, MacDonald, Cameron, Hylander, Bonnie, Repasky, Elizabeth, Chatterjee, Shilpak, Daenthanasanmak, Anusara, Chakraborty, Paramita, Toth, Kyle, Meek, Megan, Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, Nishimura, Michael, Paulos, Chrystal, Beeson, Craig, Yu, Xuezhong, Mehrotra, Shikhar, Zhao, Fei, Evans, Kathy, Xiao, Christine, Holtzhausen, Alisha, Hanks, Brent A., Scharping, Nicole, Menk, Ashley V., Moreci, Rebecca, Whetstone, Ryan, Dadey, Rebekah, Watkins, Simon, Ferris, Robert, Delgoffe, Greg M., Peled, Jonathan, Devlin, Sean, Staffas, Anna, Lumish, Melissa, Rodriguez, Kori Porosnicu, Ahr, Katya, Perales, Miguel, Giralt, Sergio, Taur, Ying, Pamer, Eric, van den Brink, Marcel R. M., Jenq, Robert, Annels, Nicola, Pandha, Hardev, Simpson, Guy, Mostafid, Hugh, Harrington, Kevin, Melcher, Alan, Grose, Mark, Davies, Bronwyn, Au, Gough, Karpathy, Roberta, Shafren, Darren, Ricca, Jacob, Zamarin, Dmitriy, Batista, Luciana, Marliot, Florence, Vasaturo, Angela, Carpentier, Sabrina, Poggionovo, Cécile, Frayssinet, Véronique, Fieschi, Jacques, Van den Eynde, Marc, Pagès, Franck, Galon, Jérôme, Hermitte, Fabienne, Smith, Sean G., Nguyen, Khue, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Koppolu, Bhanu, Zaharoff, David, Schvartsman, Gustavo, Bassett, Roland, McQuade, Jennifer L., Haydu, Lauren E., Kline, Douglas, Chen, Xiufen, Fosco, Dominick, Kline, Justin, Overacre, Abigail, Chikina, Maria, Brunazzi, Erin, Shayan, Gulidanna, Horne, William, Kolls, Jay, Bruno, Tullia C., Workman, Creg, Vignali, Dario, Adusumilli, Prasad S., Ansa-Addo, Ephraim A, Li, Zihai, Gerry, Andrew, Sanderson, Joseph P., Howe, Karen, Docta, Roslin, Gao, Qian, Bagg, Eleanor A. L., Tribble, Nicholas, Maroto, Miguel, Betts, Gareth, Bath, Natalie, Melchiori, Luca, Lowther, Daniel E., Ramachandran, Indu, Kari, Gabor, Basu, Samik, Binder-Scholl, Gwendolyn, Chagin, Karen, Pandite, Lini, Holdich, Tom, Amado, Rafael, Zhang, Hua, Glod, John, Bernstein, Donna, Jakobsen, Bent, Mackall, Crystal, Wong, Ryan, Silk, Jonathan D., Adams, Katherine, Hamilton, Garth, Bennett, Alan D., Brett, Sara, Jing, Junping, Quattrini, Adriano, Saini, Manoj, Wiedermann, Guy, Brewer, Joanna, Duong, MyLinh, Lu, An, Chang, Peter, Mahendravada, Aruna, Shinners, Nicholas, Slawin, Kevin, Spencer, David M., Foster, Aaron E., Bayle, J. Henri, Bergamaschi, Cristina, Ng, Sinnie Sin Man, Nagy, Bethany, Jensen, Shawn, Hu, Xintao, Alicea, Candido, Fox, Bernard, Felber, Barbara, Pavlakis, George, Chacon, Jessica, Yamamoto, Tori, Garrabrant, Thomas, Cortina, Luis, Powell, Daniel J., Donia, Marco, Kjeldsen, Julie Westerlin, Andersen, Rikke, Westergaard, Marie Christine Wulff, Bianchi, Valentina, Legut, Mateusz, Attaf, Meriem, Dolton, Garry, Szomolay, Barbara, Ott, Sascha, Lyngaa, Rikke, Hadrup, Sine Reker, Sewell, Andrew Kelvin, Svane, Inge Marie, Fan, Aaron, Kumai, Takumi, Celis, Esteban, Frank, Ian, Stramer, Amanda, Blaskovich, Michelle A., Wardell, Seth, Fardis, Maria, Bender, James, Lotze, Michael T., Goff, Stephanie L., Zacharakis, Nikolaos, Assadipour, Yasmine, Prickett, Todd D., Gartner, Jared J., Somerville, Robert, Black, Mary, Xu, Hui, Chinnasamy, Harshini, Kriley, Isaac, Lu, Lily, Wunderlich, John, Robbins, Paul F., Rosenberg, Steven, Feldman, Steven A., Trebska-McGowan, Kasia, Malekzadeh, Parisa, Payabyab, Eden, Sherry, Richard, Gokuldass, Aishwarya, Kopits, Charlene, Rabinovich, Brian, Green, Daniel S., Kamenyeva, Olena, Zoon, Kathryn C., Annunziata, Christina M., Hammill, Joanne, Helsen, Christopher, Aarts, Craig, Bramson, Jonathan, Harada, Yui, Yonemitsu, Yoshikazu, Mwawasi, Kenneth, Denisova, Galina, Giri, Rajanish, Jin, Benjamin, Campbell, Tracy, Draper, Lindsey M., Stevanovic, Sanja, Yu, Zhiya, Weissbrich, Bianca, Restifo, Nicholas P., Trimble, Cornelia L., Hinrichs, Christian S., Tsang, Kwong, Fantini, Massimo, Hodge, James W., Fujii, Rika, Fernando, Ingrid, Jochems, Caroline, Heery, Christopher, Gulley, James, Soon-Shiong, Patrick, Schlom, Jeffrey, Jing, Weiqing, Gershan, Jill, Blitzer, Grace, Weber, James, McOlash, Laura, Johnson, Bryon D., Kiany, Simin, Gangxiong, Huang, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., Klichinsky, Michael, Ruella, Marco, Shestova, Olga, Kenderian, Saad, Kim, Miriam, Scholler, John, June, Carl H., Gill, Saar, Moogk, Duane, Zhong, Shi, Liadi, Ivan, Rittase, William, Fang, Victoria, Dougherty, Janna, Perez-Garcia, Arianne, Osman, Iman, Zhu, Cheng, Varadarajan, Navin, Frey, Alan, Krogsgaard, Michelle, Landi, Daniel, Fousek, Kristen, Mukherjee, Malini, Shree, Ankita, Joseph, Sujith, Bielamowicz, Kevin, Byrd, Tiara, Ahmed, Nabil, Hegde, Meenakshi, Lee, Sylvia, Byrd, David, Thompson, John, Bhatia, Shailender, Tykodi, Scott, Delismon, Judy, Chu, Liz, Abdul-Alim, Siddiq, Ohanian, Arpy, DeVito, Anna Marie, Riddell, Stanley, Margolin, Kim, Magalhaes, Isabelle, Mattsson, Jonas, Uhlin, Michael, Nemoto, Satoshi, Villarroel, Patricio Pérez, Nakagawa, Ryosuke, Mule, James J., Mailloux, Adam W., Mata, Melinda, Nguyen, Phuong, Gerken, Claudia, DeRenzo, Christopher, Gottschalk, Stephen, Mathieu, Mélissa, Pelletier, Sandy, Stagg, John, Turcotte, Simon, Minutolo, Nicholas, Sharma, Prannda, Tsourkas, Andrew, Mockel-Tenbrinck, Nadine, Mauer, Daniela, Drechsel, Katharina, Barth, Carola, Freese, Katharina, Kolrep, Ulrike, Schult, Silke, Assenmacher, Mario, Kaiser, Andrew, Mullinax, John, Hall, MacLean, Le, Julie, Kodumudi, Krithika, Royster, Erica, Richards, Allison, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Sarnaik, Amod, Pilon-Thomas, Shari, Nielsen, Morten, Krarup-Hansen, Anders, Hovgaard, Dorrit, Petersen, Michael Mørk, Loya, Anand Chainsukh, Junker, Niels, Rivas, Charlotte, Parihar, Robin, Rooney, Cliona M., Qin, Haiying, Nguyen, Sang, Su, Paul, Burk, Chad, Duncan, Brynn, Kim, Bong-Hyun, Kohler, M. Eric, Fry, Terry, Rao, Arjun A., Teyssier, Noam, Pfeil, Jacob, Sgourakis, Nikolaos, Salama, Sofie, Haussler, David, Richman, Sarah A., Nunez-Cruz, Selene, Gershenson, Zack, Mourelatos, Zissimos, Barrett, David, Grupp, Stephan, Milone, Michael, Rodriguez-Garcia, Alba, Robinson, Matthew K., Adams, Gregory P., Santos, João, Havunen, Riikka, Siurala, Mikko, Cervera-Carrascón, Víctor, Parviainen, Suvi, Antilla, Marjukka, Hemminki, Akseli, Sethuraman, Jyothi, Santiago, Laurelis, Chen, Jie Qing, Dai, Zhimin, Sha, Huizi, Su, Shu, Ding, Naiqing, Liu, Baorui, Pasetto, Anna, Helman, Sarah R., Rosenberg, Steven A., Burgess, Melissa, Zhang, Hui, Lee, Tien, Klingemann, Hans, Nghiem, Paul, Kirkwood, John M., Rossi, John M., Sherman, Marika, Xue, Allen, Shen, Yueh-wei, Navale, Lynn, Kochenderfer, James N., Bot, Adrian, Veerapathran, Anandaraman, Wiener, Doris, Waller, Edmund K., Li, Jian-Ming, Petersen, Christopher, Blazar, Bruce R., Li, Jingxia, Giver, Cynthia R., Wang, Ziming, Grossenbacher, Steven K., Sturgill, Ian, Canter, Robert J., Murphy, William J., Zhang, Congcong, Burger, Michael C., Jennewein, Lukas, Waldmann, Anja, Mittelbronn, Michel, Tonn, Torsten, Steinbach, Joachim P., Wels, Winfried S., Williams, Jason B., Zha, Yuanyuan, Gajewski, Thomas F., Williams, LaTerrica C., Krenciute, Giedre, Kalra, Mamta, Louis, Chrystal, Xin, Gang, Schauder, David, Jiang, Aimin, Joshi, Nikhil, Cui, Weiguo, Zeng, Xue, Zhao, Zeguo, Hamieh, Mohamad, Eyquem, Justin, Gunset, Gertrude, Bander, Neil, Sadelain, Michel, Askmyr, David, Abolhalaj, Milad, Lundberg, Kristina, Greiff, Lennart, Lindstedt, Malin, Angell, Helen K., Kim, Kyoung-Mee, Kim, Seung-Tae, Kim, Sung, Sharpe, Alan D., Ogden, Julia, Davenport, Anna, Hodgson, Darren R., Barrett, Carl, Lee, Jeeyun, Kilgour, Elaine, Hanson, Jodi, Caspell, Richard, Karulin, Alexey, Lehmann, Paul, Ansari, Tameem, Schiller, Annemarie, Sundararaman, Srividya, Roen, Diana, Ayers, Mark, Levitan, Diane, Arreaza, Gladys, Liu, Fang, Mogg, Robin, Bang, Yung-Jue, O’Neil, Bert, Cristescu, Razvan, Friedlander, Philip, Wassman, Karl, Kyi, Chrisann, Oh, William, Bhardwaj, Nina, Bornschlegl, Svetlana, Gustafson, Michael P., Gastineau, Dennis A., Parney, Ian F., Dietz, Allan B., Carvajal-Hausdorf, Daniel, Mani, Nikita, Schalper, Kurt, Rimm, David, Chang, Serena, Kurland, John, Ahlers, Christoph Matthias, Jure-Kunkel, Maria, Cohen, Lewis, Maecker, Holden, Kohrt, Holbrook, Chen, Shuming, Crabill, George, Pritchard, Theresa, McMiller, Tracee, Pardoll, Drew, Pan, Fan, Topalian, Suzanne, Danaher, Patrick, Warren, Sarah, Dennis, Lucas, White, Andrew M., D’Amico, Leonard, Geller, Melissa, Disis, Mary L., Beechem, Joseph, Odunsi, Kunle, Fling, Steven, Derakhshandeh, Roshanak, Webb, Tonya J., Dubois, Sigrid, Conlon, Kevin, Bryant, Bonita, Hsu, Jennifer, Beltran, Nancy, Müller, Jürgen, Waldmann, Thomas, Duhen, Rebekka, Duhen, Thomas, Thompson, Lucas, Montler, Ryan, Weinberg, Andrew, Kates, Max, Early, Brandon, Yusko, Erik, Schreiber, Taylor H., Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Lunceford, Jared, Nebozhyn, Michael, Murphy, Erin, Loboda, Andrey, Kaufman, David R., Albright, Andrew, Cheng, Jonathan, Kang, S. Peter, Shankaran, Veena, Piha-Paul, Sarina A., Yearley, Jennifer, Seiwert, Tanguy, Ribas, Antoni, McClanahan, Terrill K., Sher, Xinwei, Liu, Xiao Qiao, Joe, Andrew, Plimack, Elizabeth, Forrest-Hay, Alex, Guyre, Cheryl A., Narumiya, Kohei, Delcommenne, Marc, Hirsch, Heather A., Deshpande, Amit, Reeves, Jason, Shu, Jenny, Zi, Tong, Michaelson, Jennifer, Law, Debbie, Trehu, Elizabeth, Sathyanaryanan, Sriram, Hodkinson, Brendan P., Hutnick, Natalie A., Schaffer, Michael E., Gormley, Michael, Hulett, Tyler, Ballesteros-Merino, Carmen, Dubay, Christopher, Afentoulis, Michael, Reddy, Ashok, David, Larry, Jayant, Kumar, Agrawal, Swati, Agrawal, Rajendra, Jeyakumar, Ghayathri, Kim, Seongho, Kim, Heejin, Silski, Cynthia, Suisham, Stacey, Heath, Elisabeth, Vaishampayan, Ulka, Vandeven, Natalie, Viller, Natasja Nielsen, O’Connor, Alison, Chen, Hui, Bossen, Bolette, Sievers, Eric, Uger, Robert, Johnson, Lisa, Kao, Hsiang-Fong, Hsiao, Chin-Fu, Lai, Shu-Chuan, Wang, Chun-Wei, Ko, Jenq-Yuh, Lou, Pei-Jen, Lee, Tsai-Jan, Liu, Tsang-Wu, Hong, Ruey-Long, Kearney, Staci J., Black, Joshua C., Landis, Benjamin J., Koegler, Sally, Hirsch, Brooke, Gianani, Roberto, Kim, Jeffrey, He, Ming-Xiao, Zhang, Bingqing, Su, Nan, Luo, Yuling, Ma, Xiao-Jun, Park, Emily, Kim, Dae Won, Copploa, Domenico, Kothari, Nishi, doo Chang, Young, Kim, Richard, Kim, Namyong, Lye, Melvin, Wan, Ee, Knaus, Hanna A., Berglund, Sofia, Hackl, Hubert, Karp, Judith E., Gojo, Ivana, Luznik, Leo, Hong, Henoch S., Koch, Sven D., Scheel, Birgit, Gnad-Vogt, Ulrike, Kallen, Karl-Josef, Wiegand, Volker, Backert, Linus, Kohlbacher, Oliver, Hoerr, Ingmar, Fotin-Mleczek, Mariola, Billingsley, James M., Koguchi, Yoshinobu, Conrad, Valerie, Miller, William, Gonzalez, Iliana, Poplonski, Tomasz, Meeuwsen, Tanisha, Howells-Ferreira, Ana, Rattray, Rogan, Campbell, Mary, Bifulco, Carlo, Bahjat, Keith, Curti, Brendan, Vetsika, E-K, Kallergi, G., Aggouraki, Despoina, Lyristi, Z., Katsarlinos, P., Koinis, Filippos, Georgoulias, V., 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Choueiri, Toni K., Mariani, Mariangela, Albiges, Laurence, Haanen, John B., Larkin, James, Schmidinger, Manuela, Magazzù, Domenico, di Pietro, Alessandra, Motzer, Robert J., Borch, Troels Holz, Kongsted, Per, Pedersen, Magnus, Met, Özcan, Boudadi, Karim, Wang, Hao, Vasselli, James, Baughman, Jan E., Wigginton, Jon, Abdallah, Rehab, Ross, Ashley, Park, Jiwon, Grossenbacher, Steven, Luna, Jesus I., Withers, Sita, Culp, William, Chen, Mingyi, Monjazeb, Arta, Kent, Michael S., Chandran, Smita, Danforth, David, Yang, James, Klebanoff, Christopher, Goff, Stephanie, Paria, Biman, Sabesan, Arvind, Srivastava, Abhishek, Kammula, Udai, Richards, Jon, Faries, Mark, Andtbacka, Robert H. I., Diaz, Luis A., Le, Dung T., Yoshino, Takayuki, André, Thierry, Bendell, Johanna, Koshiji, Minori, Zhang, Yayan, Kang, S Peter, Lam, Bao, Jäger, Dirk, Bauer, Todd M., Wang, Judy S., Lee, Jean K., Manji, Gulam A., Kudchadkar, Ragini, Kauh, John S., Tang, Shande, Laing, Naomi, Falchook, Gerald, Garon, Edward B., Halmos, Balazs, Rina, Hui, Leighl, Natasha, Lee, Sung Sook, Walsh, William, Dragnev, Konstanin, Piperdi, Bilal, Rodriguez, Luis Paz-Ares, Shinwari, Nabeegha, Wei, Ziewn, Maas, Mary L, Deeds, Michael, Armstrong, Adam, Peterson, Tim, Steinmetz, Sue, Herzog, Thomas, Backes, Floor J., Copeland, Larry, Del Pilar Estevez Diz, Maria, Hare, Thomas W., Huh, Warner, Kim, Byoung-Gie, Moore, Kathleen M., Oaknin, Ana, Small, William, Tewari, Krishnansu S., Monk, Bradley J., Kamat, Ashish M., Nam, Kijoeng, De Santis, Maria, Dreicer, Robert, Hahn, Noah M., Perini, Rodolfo, Siefker-Radtke, Arlene, Sonpavde, Guru, de Wit, Ronald, Witjes, J. 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Angela, Labiano, Sara, Diaz-Lagares, Angel, Esteller, Manel, Sandoval, Juan, Barbee, Susannah D., Bellovin, David I., Timmer, John C., Wondyfraw, Nebiyu, Johnson, Susan, Park, Johanna, Chen, Amanda, Mkrtichyan, Mikayel, Razai, Amir S., Jones, Kyle S., Hata, Chelsie Y., Gonzalez, Denise, Deveraux, Quinn, Eckelman, Brendan P., Borges, Luis, Bhardwaj, Rukmini, Puri, Raj K., Suzuki, Akiko, Leland, Pamela, Joshi, Bharat H., Bartkowiak, Todd, Jaiswal, Ashvin, Ager, Casey, Ai, Midan, Budhani, Pratha, Chin, Renee, Hong, David, Curran, Michael, Hastings, William D., Pinzon-Ortiz, Maria, Murakami, Masato, Dobson, Jason R., Quinn, David, Wagner, Joel P., Rong, Xianhui, Shaw, Pamela, Dammassa, Ernesta, Guan, Wei, Dranoff, Glenn, Cao, Alexander, Fulton, Ross B., Leonardo, Steven, Fraser, Kathryn, Kangas, Takashi O., Ottoson, Nadine, Bose, Nandita, Huhn, Richard D., Graff, Jeremy, Lowe, Jamie, Gorden, Keith, Uhlik, Mark, O’Neill, Thomas, Widger, Jenifer, Crocker, Andrea, He, Li-Zhen, Weidlick, Jeffrey, Sundarapandiyan, Karuna, Ramakrishna, Venky, Storey, James, Thomas, Lawrence J., Goldstein, Joel, Marsh, Henry C., Grailer, Jamison, Gilden, Julia, Stecha, Pete, Garvin, Denise, Hartnett, Jim, Fan, Frank, Cong, Mei, Cheng, Zhi-jie Jey, Hinner, Marlon J., Aiba, Rachida-Siham Bel, Schlosser, Corinna, Jaquin, Thomas, Allersdorfer, Andrea, Berger, Sven, Wiedenmann, Alexander, Matschiner, Gabriele, Schüler, Julia, Moebius, Ulrich, Rothe, Christine, Shane, Olwill A., Horton, Brendan, Spranger, Stefani, Moreira, Dayson, Adamus, Tomasz, Zhao, Xingli, Swiderski, Piotr, Pal, Sumanta, Kortylewski, Marcin, Kosmides, Alyssa, Necochea, Kevin, Mahoney, Kathleen M., Shukla, Sachet A., Patsoukis, Nikolaos, Chaudhri, Apoorvi, Pham, Hung, Hua, Ping, Bu, Xia, Zhu, Baogong, Hacohen, Nir, Wu, Catherine J., Fritsch, Edward, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Freeman, Gordon J., Moran, Amy E., Polesso, Fanny, Lukaesko, Lisa, Rådestad, Emelie, Egevad, Lars, Sundberg, Berit, Henningsohn, Lars, Levitsky, Victor, Rafelson, William, Reagan, John L., Fast, Loren, Sasikumar, Pottayil, Sudarshan, Naremaddepalli, Ramachandra, Raghuveer, Gowda, Nagesh, Samiulla, Dodheri, Chandrasekhar, Talapaneni, Adurthi, Sreenivas, Mani, Jiju, Nair, Rashmi, Dhudashia, Amit, Gowda, Nagaraj, Ramachandra, Murali, Sankin, Alexander, Gartrell, Benjamin, Cumberbatch, Kerwin, Huang, Hongying, Stern, Joshua, Schoenberg, Mark, Zang, Xingxing, Swanson, Ryan, Kornacker, Michael, Evans, Lawrence, Rickel, Erika, Wolfson, Martin, Valsesia-Wittmann, Sandrine, Shekarian, Tala, Simard, François, Nailo, Rodrigo, Dutour, Aurélie, Jallas, Anne-Catherine, Caux, Christophe, and Marabelle, Aurélien

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2016
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33. 31st Annual Meeting and Associated Programs of the Society for Immunotherapy of Cancer (SITC 2016): part one

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Lundqvist, Andreas, van Hoef, Vincent, Zhang, Xiaonan, Wennerberg, Erik, Lorent, Julie, Witt, Kristina, Sanz, Laia Masvidal, Liang, Shuo, Murray, Shannon, Larsson, Ola, Kiessling, Rolf, Mao, Yumeng, Sidhom, John-William, Bessell, Catherine A., Havel, Jonathan, Schneck, Jonathan, Chan, Timothy A., Sachsenmeier, Eliot, Woods, David, Berglund, Anders, Ramakrishnan, Rupal, Sodre, Andressa, Weber, Jeffrey, Zappasodi, Roberta, Li, Yanyun, Qi, Jingjing, Wong, Philip, Sirard, Cynthia, Postow, Michael, Newman, Walter, Koon, Henry, Velcheti, Vamsidhar, Callahan, Margaret K., Wolchok, Jedd D., Merghoub, Taha, Lum, Lawrence G., Choi, Minsig, Thakur, Archana, Deol, Abhinav, Dyson, Gregory, Shields, Anthony, Haymaker, Cara, Uemura, Marc, Murthy, Ravi, James, Marihella, Wang, Daqing, Brevard, Julie, Monaghan, Catherine, Swann, Suzanne, Geib, James, Cornfeld, Mark, Chunduru, Srinivas, Agrawal, Sudhir, Yee, Cassian, Wargo, Jennifer, Patel, Sapna P., Amaria, Rodabe, Tawbi, Hussein, Glitza, Isabella, Woodman, Scott, Hwu, Wen-Jen, Davies, Michael A., Hwu, Patrick, Overwijk, Willem W., Bernatchez, Chantale, Diab, Adi, Massarelli, Erminia, Segal, Neil H., Ribrag, Vincent, Melero, Ignacio, Gangadhar, Tara C., Urba, Walter, Schadendorf, Dirk, Ferris, Robert L., Houot, Roch, Morschhauser, Franck, Logan, Theodore, Luke, Jason J., Sharfman, William, Barlesi, Fabrice, Ott, Patrick A., Mansi, Laura, Kummar, Shivaani, Salles, Gilles, Carpio, Cecilia, Meier, Roland, Krishnan, Suba, McDonald, Dan, Maurer, Matthew, Gu, Xuemin, Neely, Jaclyn, Suryawanshi, Satyendra, Levy, Ronald, Khushalani, Nikhil, Wu, Jennifer, Zhang, Jinyu, Basher, Fahmin, Rubinstein, Mark, Bucsek, Mark, Qiao, Guanxi, MacDonald, Cameron, Hylander, Bonnie, Repasky, Elizabeth, Chatterjee, Shilpak, Daenthanasanmak, Anusara, Chakraborty, Paramita, Toth, Kyle, Meek, Megan, Garrett-Mayer, Elizabeth, Nishimura, Michael, Paulos, Chrystal, Beeson, Craig, Yu, Xuezhong, Mehrotra, Shikhar, Zhao, Fei, Evans, Kathy, Xiao, Christine, Holtzhausen, Alisha, Hanks, Brent A., Scharping, Nicole, Menk, Ashley V., Moreci, Rebecca, Whetstone, Ryan, Dadey, Rebekah, Watkins, Simon, Ferris, Robert, Delgoffe, Greg M., Peled, Jonathan, Devlin, Sean, Staffas, Anna, Lumish, Melissa, Rodriguez, Kori Porosnicu, Ahr, Katya, Perales, Miguel, Giralt, Sergio, Taur, Ying, Pamer, Eric, van den Brink, Marcel R. M., Jenq, Robert, Annels, Nicola, Pandha, Hardev, Simpson, Guy, Mostafid, Hugh, Harrington, Kevin, Melcher, Alan, Grose, Mark, Davies, Bronwyn, Au, Gough, Karpathy, Roberta, Shafren, Darren, Ricca, Jacob, Zamarin, Dmitriy, Batista, Luciana, Marliot, Florence, Vasaturo, Angela, Carpentier, Sabrina, Poggionovo, Cécile, Frayssinet, Véronique, Fieschi, Jacques, Van den Eynde, Marc, Pagès, Franck, Galon, Jérôme, Hermitte, Fabienne, Smith, Sean G., Nguyen, Khue, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Koppolu, Bhanu, Zaharoff, David, Schvartsman, Gustavo, Bassett, Roland, McQuade, Jennifer L., Haydu, Lauren E., Kline, Douglas, Chen, Xiufen, Fosco, Dominick, Kline, Justin, Overacre, Abigail, Chikina, Maria, Brunazzi, Erin, Shayan, Gulidanna, Horne, William, Kolls, Jay, Bruno, Tullia C., Workman, Creg, Vignali, Dario, Adusumilli, Prasad S., Ansa-Addo, Ephraim A, Li, Zihai, Gerry, Andrew, Sanderson, Joseph P., Howe, Karen, Docta, Roslin, Gao, Qian, Bagg, Eleanor A. L., Tribble, Nicholas, Maroto, Miguel, Betts, Gareth, Bath, Natalie, Melchiori, Luca, Lowther, Daniel E., Ramachandran, Indu, Kari, Gabor, Basu, Samik, Binder-Scholl, Gwendolyn, Chagin, Karen, Pandite, Lini, Holdich, Tom, Amado, Rafael, Zhang, Hua, Glod, John, Bernstein, Donna, Jakobsen, Bent, Mackall, Crystal, Wong, Ryan, Silk, Jonathan D., Adams, Katherine, Hamilton, Garth, Bennett, Alan D., Brett, Sara, Jing, Junping, Quattrini, Adriano, Saini, Manoj, Wiedermann, Guy, Brewer, Joanna, Duong, MyLinh, Lu, An, Chang, Peter, Mahendravada, Aruna, Shinners, Nicholas, Slawin, Kevin, Spencer, David M., Foster, Aaron E., Bayle, J. Henri, Bergamaschi, Cristina, Ng, Sinnie Sin Man, Nagy, Bethany, Jensen, Shawn, Hu, Xintao, Alicea, Candido, Fox, Bernard, Felber, Barbara, Pavlakis, George, Chacon, Jessica, Yamamoto, Tori, Garrabrant, Thomas, Cortina, Luis, Powell, Daniel J., Donia, Marco, Kjeldsen, Julie Westerlin, Andersen, Rikke, Westergaard, Marie Christine Wulff, Bianchi, Valentina, Legut, Mateusz, Attaf, Meriem, Dolton, Garry, Szomolay, Barbara, Ott, Sascha, Lyngaa, Rikke, Hadrup, Sine Reker, Sewell, Andrew Kelvin, Svane, Inge Marie, Fan, Aaron, Kumai, Takumi, Celis, Esteban, Frank, Ian, Stramer, Amanda, Blaskovich, Michelle A., Wardell, Seth, Fardis, Maria, Bender, James, Lotze, Michael T., Goff, Stephanie L., Zacharakis, Nikolaos, Assadipour, Yasmine, Prickett, Todd D., Gartner, Jared J., Somerville, Robert, Black, Mary, Xu, Hui, Chinnasamy, Harshini, Kriley, Isaac, Lu, Lily, Wunderlich, John, Robbins, Paul F., Rosenberg, Steven, Feldman, Steven A., Trebska-McGowan, Kasia, Malekzadeh, Parisa, Payabyab, Eden, Sherry, Richard, Gokuldass, Aishwarya, Kopits, Charlene, Rabinovich, Brian, Green, Daniel S., Kamenyeva, Olena, Zoon, Kathryn C., Annunziata, Christina M., Hammill, Joanne, Helsen, Christopher, Aarts, Craig, Bramson, Jonathan, Harada, Yui, Yonemitsu, Yoshikazu, Mwawasi, Kenneth, Denisova, Galina, Giri, Rajanish, Jin, Benjamin, Campbell, Tracy, Draper, Lindsey M., Stevanovic, Sanja, Yu, Zhiya, Weissbrich, Bianca, Restifo, Nicholas P., Trimble, Cornelia L., Hinrichs, Christian S., Tsang, Kwong, Fantini, Massimo, Hodge, James W., Fujii, Rika, Fernando, Ingrid, Jochems, Caroline, Heery, Christopher, Gulley, James, Soon-Shiong, Patrick, Schlom, Jeffrey, Jing, Weiqing, Gershan, Jill, Blitzer, Grace, Weber, James, McOlash, Laura, Johnson, Bryon D., Kiany, Simin, Gangxiong, Huang, Kleinerman, Eugenie S., Klichinsky, Michael, Ruella, Marco, Shestova, Olga, Kenderian, Saad, Kim, Miriam, Scholler, John, June, Carl H., Gill, Saar, Moogk, Duane, Zhong, Shi, Liadi, Ivan, Rittase, William, Fang, Victoria, Dougherty, Janna, Perez-Garcia, Arianne, Osman, Iman, Zhu, Cheng, Varadarajan, Navin, Frey, Alan, Krogsgaard, Michelle, Landi, Daniel, Fousek, Kristen, Mukherjee, Malini, Shree, Ankita, Joseph, Sujith, Bielamowicz, Kevin, Byrd, Tiara, Ahmed, Nabil, Hegde, Meenakshi, Lee, Sylvia, Byrd, David, Thompson, John, Bhatia, Shailender, Tykodi, Scott, Delismon, Judy, Chu, Liz, Abdul-Alim, Siddiq, Ohanian, Arpy, DeVito, Anna Marie, Riddell, Stanley, Margolin, Kim, Magalhaes, Isabelle, Mattsson, Jonas, Uhlin, Michael, Nemoto, Satoshi, Villarroel, Patricio Pérez, Nakagawa, Ryosuke, Mule, James J., Mailloux, Adam W., Mata, Melinda, Nguyen, Phuong, Gerken, Claudia, DeRenzo, Christopher, Gottschalk, Stephen, Mathieu, Mélissa, Pelletier, Sandy, Stagg, John, Turcotte, Simon, Minutolo, Nicholas, Sharma, Prannda, Tsourkas, Andrew, Mockel-Tenbrinck, Nadine, Mauer, Daniela, Drechsel, Katharina, Barth, Carola, Freese, Katharina, Kolrep, Ulrike, Schult, Silke, Assenmacher, Mario, Kaiser, Andrew, Mullinax, John, Hall, MacLean, Le, Julie, Kodumudi, Krithika, Royster, Erica, Richards, Allison, Gonzalez, Ricardo, Sarnaik, Amod, Pilon-Thomas, Shari, Nielsen, Morten, Krarup-Hansen, Anders, Hovgaard, Dorrit, Petersen, Michael Mørk, Loya, Anand Chainsukh, Junker, Niels, Rivas, Charlotte, Parihar, Robin, Rooney, Cliona M., Qin, Haiying, Nguyen, Sang, Su, Paul, Burk, Chad, Duncan, Brynn, Kim, Bong-Hyun, Kohler, M. Eric, Fry, Terry, Rao, Arjun A., Teyssier, Noam, Pfeil, Jacob, Sgourakis, Nikolaos, Salama, Sofie, Haussler, David, Richman, Sarah A., Nunez-Cruz, Selene, Gershenson, Zack, Mourelatos, Zissimos, Barrett, David, Grupp, Stephan, Milone, Michael, Rodriguez-Garcia, Alba, Robinson, Matthew K., Adams, Gregory P., Santos, João, Havunen, Riikka, Siurala, Mikko, Cervera-Carrascón, Víctor, Parviainen, Suvi, Antilla, Marjukka, Hemminki, Akseli, Sethuraman, Jyothi, Santiago, Laurelis, Chen, Jie Qing, Dai, Zhimin, Sha, Huizi, Su, Shu, Ding, Naiqing, Liu, Baorui, Pasetto, Anna, Helman, Sarah R., Rosenberg, Steven A., Burgess, Melissa, Zhang, Hui, Lee, Tien, Klingemann, Hans, Nghiem, Paul, Kirkwood, John M., Rossi, John M., Sherman, Marika, Xue, Allen, Shen, Yueh-wei, Navale, Lynn, Kochenderfer, James N., Bot, Adrian, Veerapathran, Anandaraman, Wiener, Doris, Waller, Edmund K., Li, Jian-Ming, Petersen, Christopher, Blazar, Bruce R., Li, Jingxia, Giver, Cynthia R., Wang, Ziming, Grossenbacher, Steven K., Sturgill, Ian, Canter, Robert J., Murphy, William J., Zhang, Congcong, Burger, Michael C., Jennewein, Lukas, Waldmann, Anja, Mittelbronn, Michel, Tonn, Torsten, Steinbach, Joachim P., Wels, Winfried S., Williams, Jason B., Zha, Yuanyuan, Gajewski, Thomas F., Williams, LaTerrica C., Krenciute, Giedre, Kalra, Mamta, Louis, Chrystal, Xin, Gang, Schauder, David, Jiang, Aimin, Joshi, Nikhil, Cui, Weiguo, Zeng, Xue, Zhao, Zeguo, Hamieh, Mohamad, Eyquem, Justin, Gunset, Gertrude, Bander, Neil, Sadelain, Michel, Askmyr, David, Abolhalaj, Milad, Lundberg, Kristina, Greiff, Lennart, Lindstedt, Malin, Angell, Helen K., Kim, Kyoung-Mee, Kim, Seung-Tae, Kim, Sung, Sharpe, Alan D., Ogden, Julia, Davenport, Anna, Hodgson, Darren R., Barrett, Carl, Lee, Jeeyun, Kilgour, Elaine, Hanson, Jodi, Caspell, Richard, Karulin, Alexey, Lehmann, Paul, Ansari, Tameem, Schiller, Annemarie, Sundararaman, Srividya, Roen, Diana, Ayers, Mark, Levitan, Diane, Arreaza, Gladys, Liu, Fang, Mogg, Robin, Bang, Yung-Jue, O’Neil, Bert, Cristescu, Razvan, Friedlander, Philip, Wassman, Karl, Kyi, Chrisann, Oh, William, Bhardwaj, Nina, Bornschlegl, Svetlana, Gustafson, Michael P., Gastineau, Dennis A., Parney, Ian F., Dietz, Allan B., Carvajal-Hausdorf, Daniel, Mani, Nikita, Schalper, Kurt, Rimm, David, Chang, Serena, Kurland, John, Ahlers, Christoph Matthias, Jure-Kunkel, Maria, Cohen, Lewis, Maecker, Holden, Kohrt, Holbrook, Chen, Shuming, Crabill, George, Pritchard, Theresa, McMiller, Tracee, Pardoll, Drew, Pan, Fan, Topalian, Suzanne, Danaher, Patrick, Warren, Sarah, Dennis, Lucas, White, Andrew M., D’Amico, Leonard, Geller, Melissa, Disis, Mary L., Beechem, Joseph, Odunsi, Kunle, Fling, Steven, Derakhshandeh, Roshanak, Webb, Tonya J., Dubois, Sigrid, Conlon, Kevin, Bryant, Bonita, Hsu, Jennifer, Beltran, Nancy, Müller, Jürgen, Waldmann, Thomas, Duhen, Rebekka, Duhen, Thomas, Thompson, Lucas, Montler, Ryan, Weinberg, Andrew, Kates, Max, Early, Brandon, Yusko, Erik, Schreiber, Taylor H., Bivalacqua, Trinity J., Lunceford, Jared, Nebozhyn, Michael, Murphy, Erin, Loboda, Andrey, Kaufman, David R., Albright, Andrew, Cheng, Jonathan, Kang, S. Peter, Shankaran, Veena, Piha-Paul, Sarina A., Yearley, Jennifer, Seiwert, Tanguy, Ribas, Antoni, McClanahan, Terrill K., Sher, Xinwei, Liu, Xiao Qiao, Joe, Andrew, Plimack, Elizabeth, Forrest-Hay, Alex, Guyre, Cheryl A., Narumiya, Kohei, Delcommenne, Marc, Hirsch, Heather A., Deshpande, Amit, Reeves, Jason, Shu, Jenny, Zi, Tong, Michaelson, Jennifer, Law, Debbie, Trehu, Elizabeth, Sathyanaryanan, Sriram, Hodkinson, Brendan P., Hutnick, Natalie A., Schaffer, Michael E., Gormley, Michael, Hulett, Tyler, Ballesteros-Merino, Carmen, Dubay, Christopher, Afentoulis, Michael, Reddy, Ashok, David, Larry, Jayant, Kumar, Agrawal, Swati, Agrawal, Rajendra, Jeyakumar, Ghayathri, Kim, Seongho, Kim, Heejin, Silski, Cynthia, Suisham, Stacey, Heath, Elisabeth, Vaishampayan, Ulka, Vandeven, Natalie, Viller, Natasja Nielsen, O’Connor, Alison, Chen, Hui, Bossen, Bolette, Sievers, Eric, Uger, Robert, Johnson, Lisa, Kao, Hsiang-Fong, Hsiao, Chin-Fu, Lai, Shu-Chuan, Wang, Chun-Wei, Ko, Jenq-Yuh, Lou, Pei-Jen, Lee, Tsai-Jan, Liu, Tsang-Wu, Hong, Ruey-Long, Kearney, Staci J., Black, Joshua C., Landis, Benjamin J., Koegler, Sally, Hirsch, Brooke, Gianani, Roberto, Kim, Jeffrey, He, Ming-Xiao, Zhang, Bingqing, Su, Nan, Luo, Yuling, Ma, Xiao-Jun, Park, Emily, Kim, Dae Won, Copploa, Domenico, Kothari, Nishi, doo Chang, Young, Kim, Richard, Kim, Namyong, Lye, Melvin, Wan, Ee, Knaus, Hanna A., Berglund, Sofia, Hackl, Hubert, Karp, Judith E., Gojo, Ivana, Luznik, Leo, Hong, Henoch S., Koch, Sven D., Scheel, Birgit, Gnad-Vogt, Ulrike, Kallen, Karl-Josef, Wiegand, Volker, Backert, Linus, Kohlbacher, Oliver, Hoerr, Ingmar, Fotin-Mleczek, Mariola, Billingsley, James M., Koguchi, Yoshinobu, Conrad, Valerie, Miller, William, Gonzalez, Iliana, Poplonski, Tomasz, Meeuwsen, Tanisha, Howells-Ferreira, Ana, Rattray, Rogan, Campbell, Mary, Bifulco, Carlo, Bahjat, Keith, Curti, Brendan, Vetsika, E-K, Kallergi, G., Aggouraki, Despoina, Lyristi, Z., Katsarlinos, P., Koinis, Filippos, Georgoulias, V., Kotsakis, Athanasios, Martin, Nathan T., Aeffner, Famke, Cerkovnik, Logan, Pratte, Luke, Kim, Rebecca, Krueger, Joseph, Martínez-Usatorre, Amaia, Jandus, Camilla, Donda, Alena, Carretero-Iglesia, Laura, Speiser, Daniel E., Zehn, Dietmar, Rufer, Nathalie, Romero, Pedro, Panda, Anshuman, Mehnert, Janice, Hirshfield, Kim M., Riedlinger, Greg, Damare, Sherri, Saunders, Tracie, Sokol, Levi, Stein, Mark, Poplin, Elizabeth, Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Lorna, Silk, Ann, Chan, Nancy, Frankel, Melissa, Kane, Michael, Malhotra, Jyoti, Aisner, Joseph, Kaufman, Howard L., Ali, Siraj, Ross, Jeffrey, White, Eileen, Bhanot, Gyan, Ganesan, Shridar, Monette, Anne, Bergeron, Derek, Amor, Amira Ben, Meunier, Liliane, Caron, Christine, Morou, Antigoni, Kaufmann, Daniel, Liberman, Moishe, Jurisica, Igor, Mes-Masson, Anne-Marie, Hamzaoui, Kamel, Lapointe, Rejean, Mongan, Ann, Ku, Yuan-Chieh, Tom, Warren, Sun, Yongming, Pankov, Alex, Looney, Tim, Au-Young, Janice, Hyland, Fiona, Conroy, Jeff, Morrison, Carl, Glenn, Sean, Burgher, Blake, Ji, He, Gardner, Mark, Omilian, Angela R., Bshara, Wiam, Angela, Omilian, Obeid, Joseph M., Erdag, Gulsun, Smolkin, Mark E., Deacon, Donna H., Patterson, James W., Chen, Lieping, Bullock, Timothy N., Slingluff, Craig L., Loffredo, John T., Vuyyuru, Raja, Beyer, Sophie, Spires, Vanessa M., Fox, Maxine, Ehrmann, Jon M., Taylor, Katrina A., Korman, Alan J., Graziano, Robert F., Page, David, Sanchez, Katherine, Martel, Maritza, De Macedo, Mariana Petaccia, Qin, Yong, Reuben, Alex, Spencer, Christine, Guindani, Michele, Racolta, Adriana, Kelly, Brian, Jones, Tobin, Polaske, Nathan, Theiss, Noah, Robida, Mark, Meridew, Jeffrey, Habensus, Iva, Zhang, Liping, Pestic-Dragovich, Lidija, Tang, Lei, Sullivan, Ryan J., Olencki, Thomas, Hutson, Thomas, Roder, Joanna, Blackmon, Shauna, Roder, Heinrich, Stewart, John, Amin, Asim, Ernstoff, Marc S., Clark, Joseph I., Atkins, Michael B., Sosman, Jeffrey, McDermott, David F., Kluger, Harriet, Halaban, Ruth, Snzol, Mario, Asmellash, Senait, Steingrimsson, Arni, Wang, Chichung, Roman, Kristin, Clement, Amanda, Downing, Sean, Hoyt, Clifford, Harder, Nathalie, Schmidt, Guenter, Schoenmeyer, Ralf, Brieu, Nicolas, Yigitsoy, Mehmet, Madonna, Gabriele, Botti, Gerardo, Grimaldi, Antonio, Ascierto, Paolo A., Huss, Ralf, Athelogou, Maria, Hessel, Harald, Buchner, Alexander, Stief, Christian, Binnig, Gerd, Kirchner, Thomas, Sellappan, Shankar, Thyparambil, Sheeno, Schwartz, Sarit, Cecchi, Fabiola, Nguyen, Andrew, Vaske, Charles, Hembrough, Todd, Spacek, Jan, Vocka, Michal, Zavadova, Eva, Skalova, Helena, Dundr, Pavel, Petruzelka, Lubos, Francis, Nicole, Tilman, Rau T., Hartmann, Arndt, Netikova, Irena, Stump, Julia, Tufman, Amanda, Berger, Frank, Neuberger, Michael, Hatz, Rudolf, Lindner, Michael, Sanborn, Rachel E., Handy, John, Huber, Rudolf M., Winter, Hauke, Reu, Simone, Sun, Cheng, Xiao, Weihua, Tian, Zhigang, Arora, Kshitij, Desai, Niyati, Kulkarni, Anupriya, Rajurkar, Mihir, Rivera, Miguel, Deshpande, Vikram, Ting, David, Tsai, Katy, Nosrati, Adi, Goldinger, Simone, Hamid, Omid, Algazi, Alain, Tumeh, Paul, Hwang, Jimmy, Liu, Jacqueline, Chen, Lawrence, Dummer, Reinhard, Rosenblum, Michael, Daud, Adil, Tsao, Tsu-Shuen, Ashworth-Sharpe, Julia, Johnson, Donald, Bhaumik, Srabani, Bieniarz, Christopher, Couto, Joseph, Farrell, Michael, Ghaffari, Mahsa, Hubbard, Antony, Kosmeder, Jerome, Lee, Cleo, Marner, Erin, Uribe, Diana, Zhang, Hongjun, Zhang, Jian, Zhang, Wenjun, Zhu, Yifei, Morrison, Larry, Tsujikawa, Takahiro, Borkar, Rohan N., Azimi, Vahid, Kumar, Sushil, Thibault, Guillaume, Mori, Motomi, El Rassi, Edward, Clayburgh, Daniel R., Kulesz-Martin, Molly F., Flint, Paul W., Coussens, Lisa M., Villabona, Lisa, Masucci, Giuseppe V., Geiss, Gary, Birditt, Brian, Mei, Qian, Huang, Alan, Eagan, Maribeth A., Ignacio, Eduardo, Elliott, Nathan, Dunaway, Dwayne, Jung, Jaemyeong, Merritt, Chris, Sprague, Isaac, Webster, Philippa, Liang, Yan, Wenthe, Jessica, Enblad, Gunilla, Karlsson, Hannah, Essand, Magnus, Savoldo, Barbara, Dotti, Gianpietro, Höglund, Martin, Brenner, Malcolm K., Hagberg, Hans, Loskog, Angelica, Bernett, Matthew J., Moore, Gregory L., Hedvat, Michael, Bonzon, Christine, Chu, Seung, Rashid, Rumana, Avery, Kendra N., Muchhal, Umesh, Desjarlais, John, Kraman, Matthew, Kmiecik, Katarzyna, Allen, Natalie, Faroudi, Mustapha, Zimarino, Carlo, Wydro, Mateusz, Doody, Jacqueline, Srinivasa, Sreesha P., Govindappa, Nagaraja, Reddy, Praveen, Dubey, Aparajita, Periyasamy, Sankar, Adekandi, Madhukara, Dey, Chaitali, Joy, Mary, van Loo, Pieter Fokko, Veninga, Henrike, Shamsili, Setareh, Throsby, Mark, Dolstra, Harry, Bakker, Lex, Alva, Ajjai, Gschwendt, Juergen, Loriot, Yohann, Bellmunt, Joaquim, Feng, Dai, Poehlein, Christian, Powles, Thomas, Antonarakis, Emmanuel S., Drake, Charles G., Wu, Haiyan, De Bono, Johann, Bannerji, Rajat, Byrd, John, Gregory, Gareth, Opat, Stephen, Shortt, Jake, Yee, Andrew J., Raje, Noopur, Thompson, Seth, Balakumaran, Arun, Kumar, Shaji, Rini, Brian I., Choueiri, Toni K., Mariani, Mariangela, Albiges, Laurence, Haanen, John B., Larkin, James, Schmidinger, Manuela, Magazzù, Domenico, di Pietro, Alessandra, Motzer, Robert J., Borch, Troels Holz, Kongsted, Per, Pedersen, Magnus, Met, Özcan, Boudadi, Karim, Wang, Hao, Vasselli, James, Baughman, Jan E., Wigginton, Jon, Abdallah, Rehab, Ross, Ashley, Park, Jiwon, Grossenbacher, Steven, Luna, Jesus I., Withers, Sita, Culp, William, Chen, Mingyi, Monjazeb, Arta, Kent, Michael S., Chandran, Smita, Danforth, David, Yang, James, Klebanoff, Christopher, Goff, Stephanie, Paria, Biman, Sabesan, Arvind, Srivastava, Abhishek, Kammula, Udai, Richards, Jon, Faries, Mark, Andtbacka, Robert H. I., Diaz, Luis A., Le, Dung T., Yoshino, Takayuki, André, Thierry, Bendell, Johanna, Koshiji, Minori, Zhang, Yayan, Kang, S Peter, Lam, Bao, Jäger, Dirk, Bauer, Todd M., Wang, Judy S., Lee, Jean K., Manji, Gulam A., Kudchadkar, Ragini, Kauh, John S., Tang, Shande, Laing, Naomi, Falchook, Gerald, Garon, Edward B., Halmos, Balazs, Rina, Hui, Leighl, Natasha, Lee, Sung Sook, Walsh, William, Dragnev, Konstanin, Piperdi, Bilal, Rodriguez, Luis Paz-Ares, Shinwari, Nabeegha, Wei, Ziewn, Maas, Mary L, Deeds, Michael, Armstrong, Adam, Peterson, Tim, Steinmetz, Sue, Herzog, Thomas, Backes, Floor J., Copeland, Larry, Del Pilar Estevez Diz, Maria, Hare, Thomas W., Huh, Warner, Kim, Byoung-Gie, Moore, Kathleen M., Oaknin, Ana, Small, William, Tewari, Krishnansu S., Monk, Bradley J., Kamat, Ashish M., Nam, Kijoeng, De Santis, Maria, Dreicer, Robert, Hahn, Noah M., Perini, Rodolfo, Siefker-Radtke, Arlene, Sonpavde, Guru, de Wit, Ronald, Witjes, J. Alfred, Keefe, Stephen, Bajorin, Dean, Armand, Philippe, Kuruvilla, John, Moskowitz, Craig, Hamadani, Mehdi, Zinzani, Pier Luigi, Chlosta, Sabine, Bartlett, Nancy, Sabado, Rachel, Saenger, Yvonne, William, Loging, Donovan, Michael Joseph, Sacris, Erlinda, Mandeli, John, Salazar, Andres M., Powderly, John, Brody, Joshua, Nemunaitis, John, Emens, Leisha, Patnaik, Amita, McCaffery, Ian, Miller, Richard, Laport, Ginna, Coveler, Andrew L., Smith, David C., Grilley-Olson, Juneko E., Goel, Sanjay, Gardai, Shyra J., Law, Che-Leung, Means, Gary, Manley, Thomas, Marrone, Kristen A., Rosner, Gary, Anagnostou, Valsamo, Riemer, Joanne, Wakefield, Jessica, Zanhow, Cynthia, Baylin, Stephen, Gitlitz, Barbara, Brahmer, Julie, Signoretti, Sabina, Li, Wenting, Schloss, Charles, Michot, Jean-Marie, Ding, Wei, Christian, Beth, Marinello, Patricia, Shipp, Margaret, Najjar, Yana G., Lin, Butterfield, Lisa H., Tarhini, Ahmad A., Davar, Diwakar, Zarour, Hassane, Rush, Elizabeth, Sander, Cindy, Fu, Siqing, Bauer, Todd, Molineaux, Chris, Bennett, Mark K., Orford, Keith W., Papadopoulos, Kyriakos P., Padda, Sukhmani K., Shah, Sumit A., Colevas, A Dimitrios, Narayanan, Sujata, Fisher, George A., Supan, Dana, Wakelee, Heather A., Aoki, Rhonda, Pegram, Mark D., Villalobos, Victor M., Liu, Jie, Takimoto, Chris H., Chao, Mark, Volkmer, Jens-Peter, Majeti, Ravindra, Weissman, Irving L., Sikic, Branimir I., Yu, Wendy, Conlin, Alison, Ruzich, Janet, Lewis, Stacy, Acheson, Anupama, Kemmer, Kathleen, Perlewitz, Kelly, Moxon, Nicole M., Mellinger, Staci, McArthur, Heather, Juhler-Nøttrup, Trine, Desai, Jayesh, Markman, Ben, Sandhu, Shahneen, Gan, Hui, Friedlander, Michael L., Tran, Ben, Meniawy, Tarek, Lundy, Joanne, Colyer, Duncan, Ameratunga, Malaka, Norris, Christie, Yang, Jason, Li, Kang, Wang, Lai, Luo, Lusong, Qin, Zhen, Mu, Song, Tan, Xuemei, Song, James, Millward, Michael, Katz, Matthew H. G., Bauer, Todd W., Varadhachary, Gauri R., Acquavella, Nicolas, Merchant, Nipun, Petroni, Gina, Rahma, Osama E., Chen, Mei, Song, Yang, Puhlmann, Markus, Khattri, Arun, Brisson, Ryan, Harvey, Christopher, Shah, Jatin, Mateos, Maria Victoria, Matsumoto, Morio, Blacklock, Hilary, Rocafiguera, Albert Oriol, Goldschmidt, Hartmut, Iida, Shinsuke, Yehuda, Dina Ben, Ocio, Enrique, Rodríguez-Otero, Paula, Jagannath, Sundar, Lonial, Sagar, Kher, Uma, San-Miguel, Jesus, de Oliveira, Moacyr Ribeiro, Yimer, Habte, Rifkin, Robert, Schjesvold, Fredrik, Ghori, Razi, Spreafico, Anna, Lee, Victor, Ngan, Roger K. C., To, Ka Fai, Ahn, Myung Ju, Ng, Quan Sing, Lin, Jin-Ching, Swaby, Ramona F., Gause, Christine, Saraf, Sanatan, Chan, Anthony T. C., Lam, Elaine, Tannir, Nizar M., Meric-Bernstam, Funda, Gross, Matt, MacKinnon, Andy, Whiting, Sam, Voss, Martin, Yu, Evan Y., Albertini, Mark R., Ranheim, Erik A., Hank, Jacquelyn A., Zuleger, Cindy, McFarland, Thomas, Collins, Jennifer, Clements, Erin, Weber, Sharon, Weigel, Tracey, Neuman, Heather, Hartig, Greg, Mahvi, David, Henry, MaryBeth, Gan, Jacek, Yang, Richard, Carmichael, Lakeesha, Kim, KyungMann, Gillies, Stephen D., Sondel, Paul M., Subbiah, Vivek, Noffsinger, Lori, Hendricks, Kyle, Bosch, Marnix, Lee, Jay M., Lee, Mi-Heon, Goldman, Jonathan W., Baratelli, Felicita E., Schaue, Dorthe, Wang, Gerald, Rosen, Frances, Yanagawa, Jane, Walser, Tonya C., Lin, Ying Q., Adams, Sharon, Marincola, Franco M., Tumeh, Paul C., Abtin, Fereidoun, Suh, Robert, Reckamp, Karen, Wallace, William D., Zeng, Gang, Elashoff, David A., Sharma, Sherven, Dubinett, Steven M., Pavlick, Anna C., Gastman, Brian, Hanks, Brent, Keler, Tibor, Davis, Tom, Vitale, Laura A., Sharon, Elad, Morishima, Chihiro, Cheever, Martin, Heery, Christopher R., Kim, Joseph W., Lamping, Elizabeth, Marte, Jennifer, McMahon, Sheri, Cordes, Lisa, Fakhrejahani, Farhad, Madan, Ravi, Salazar, Rachel, Zhang, Maggie, Helwig, Christoph, Gulley, James L, Li, Roger, Amrhein, John, Cohen, Zvi, Champagne, Monique, Kamat, Ashish, Aznar, M. Angela, Labiano, Sara, Diaz-Lagares, Angel, Esteller, Manel, Sandoval, Juan, Barbee, Susannah D., Bellovin, David I., Timmer, John C., Wondyfraw, Nebiyu, Johnson, Susan, Park, Johanna, Chen, Amanda, Mkrtichyan, Mikayel, Razai, Amir S., Jones, Kyle S., Hata, Chelsie Y., Gonzalez, Denise, Deveraux, Quinn, Eckelman, Brendan P., Borges, Luis, Bhardwaj, Rukmini, Puri, Raj K., Suzuki, Akiko, Leland, Pamela, Joshi, Bharat H., Bartkowiak, Todd, Jaiswal, Ashvin, Ager, Casey, Ai, Midan, Budhani, Pratha, Chin, Renee, Hong, David, Curran, Michael, Hastings, William D., Pinzon-Ortiz, Maria, Murakami, Masato, Dobson, Jason R., Quinn, David, Wagner, Joel P., Rong, Xianhui, Shaw, Pamela, Dammassa, Ernesta, Guan, Wei, Dranoff, Glenn, Cao, Alexander, Fulton, Ross B., Leonardo, Steven, Fraser, Kathryn, Kangas, Takashi O., Ottoson, Nadine, Bose, Nandita, Huhn, Richard D., Graff, Jeremy, Lowe, Jamie, Gorden, Keith, Uhlik, Mark, O’Neill, Thomas, Widger, Jenifer, Crocker, Andrea, He, Li-Zhen, Weidlick, Jeffrey, Sundarapandiyan, Karuna, Ramakrishna, Venky, Storey, James, Thomas, Lawrence J., Goldstein, Joel, Marsh, Henry C., Grailer, Jamison, Gilden, Julia, Stecha, Pete, Garvin, Denise, Hartnett, Jim, Fan, Frank, Cong, Mei, Cheng, Zhi-jie Jey, Hinner, Marlon J., Aiba, Rachida-Siham Bel, Schlosser, Corinna, Jaquin, Thomas, Allersdorfer, Andrea, Berger, Sven, Wiedenmann, Alexander, Matschiner, Gabriele, Schüler, Julia, Moebius, Ulrich, Rothe, Christine, Shane, Olwill A., Horton, Brendan, Spranger, Stefani, Moreira, Dayson, Adamus, Tomasz, Zhao, Xingli, Swiderski, Piotr, Pal, Sumanta, Kortylewski, Marcin, Kosmides, Alyssa, Necochea, Kevin, Mahoney, Kathleen M., Shukla, Sachet A., Patsoukis, Nikolaos, Chaudhri, Apoorvi, Pham, Hung, Hua, Ping, Bu, Xia, Zhu, Baogong, Hacohen, Nir, Wu, Catherine J., Fritsch, Edward, Boussiotis, Vassiliki A., Freeman, Gordon J., Moran, Amy E., Polesso, Fanny, Lukaesko, Lisa, Rådestad, Emelie, Egevad, Lars, Sundberg, Berit, Henningsohn, Lars, Levitsky, Victor, Rafelson, William, Reagan, John L., Fast, Loren, Sasikumar, Pottayil, Sudarshan, Naremaddepalli, Ramachandra, Raghuveer, Gowda, Nagesh, Samiulla, Dodheri, Chandrasekhar, Talapaneni, Adurthi, Sreenivas, Mani, Jiju, Nair, Rashmi, Dhudashia, Amit, Gowda, Nagaraj, Ramachandra, Murali, Sankin, Alexander, Gartrell, Benjamin, Cumberbatch, Kerwin, Huang, Hongying, Stern, Joshua, Schoenberg, Mark, Zang, Xingxing, Swanson, Ryan, Kornacker, Michael, Evans, Lawrence, Rickel, Erika, Wolfson, Martin, Valsesia-Wittmann, Sandrine, Shekarian, Tala, Simard, François, Nailo, Rodrigo, Dutour, Aurélie, Jallas, Anne-Catherine, Caux, Christophe, and Marabelle, Aurélien

Subjects
Meeting Abstracts
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34. Modulation of Interleukin-12 activity in the presence of heparin

Author

Zaharoff, David A., Koppolu, Bhanu Prasanth, Felber, Barbara K., Jayanthi, Srinivas, Nguyen, Khue G., Smith, Sean G., and Kumar, Thallapuranam Krishnaswamy Suresh

Subjects
endocrine system, 3. Good health
Abstract

Glycosaminoglycans (GAGs), especially heparin and heparan sulfate (HS), modulate the functions of numerous cytokines. The aims of this multidisciplinary research were to characterize heparin binding to interleukin-12 (IL-12) and determine the mechanism(s) by which heparin influences IL-12 bioactivity. Heparin and HS were found to bind human IL-12 (hIL-12) with low micromolar affinity and increase hIL-12 bioactivity by more than 6-fold. Conversely, other GAGs did not demonstrate significant binding, nor did their addition affect hIL-12 bioactivity. Biophysical studies demonstrated that heparin induced only minor conformational changes while size-exclusion chromatography and small angle X-ray scattering studies indicated that heparin induced dimerization of hIL-12. Heparin modestly protected hIL-12 from proteolytic degradation, however, this was not a likely mechanism for increased cytokine activity in vitro. Flow cytometry studies revealed that heparin increased the amount of hIL-12 bound to cell surfaces. Heparin also facilitated hIL-12 binding and signaling in cells in which both hIL-12 receptor subunits were functionally deleted. Results of this study demonstrate a new role for heparin in modulating the biological activity of IL-12.

35. Immunological mechanisms of intravesical chitosan/interleukin-12 immunotherapy against murine bladder cancer

Author

Nguyen, Khue, Zaharoff, David A., Koppolu, Bhanu Prasanth, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Baltz, John L., and Smith, Sean G.

Subjects
3. Good health
Abstract

There is a critical unmet clinical need for bladder cancer immunotherapies capable of inducing durable antitumor immunity. We have shown that four intravesical treatments with a simple co-formulation of interleukin-12 and the biopolymer chitosan not only destroy orthotopic bladder tumors, but also promote a potent long-lasting systemic immune response as evidenced through tumor-specific in vitro killing assays, complete protection from rechallenge, and abscopal antitumor responses at distant non-treated tumors. This study investigates the immunological kinetics underlying these results. We show through depletion studies that CD8+ T cells are required for initial tumor rejection, but CD4+ T cells protect against rechallenge. We also show that even a single intravesical treatment can eliminate tumors in 50% of mice with 6/9 and 7/8 mice eliminating tumors after three or four treatments respectively. We then performed immunophenotyping studies to analyze shifts in immune cell populations after each treatment within the tumor itself as well as in secondary lymphoid organs. These studies demonstrated an initial infiltration of macrophages and granulocytes followed by increased CD4+ and CD8+ effector-memory cells. This was coupled with a decreased level of regulatory T cells in peripheral lymph nodes as well as decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration in the bladder. Taken together, these data demonstrate the ability of properly delivered interleukin-12-based therapies to engage adaptive immunity within the tumor itself as well as throughout the body and strengthen the case for clinical translation of chitosan/interleukin-12 as an intravesical treatment for bladder cancer.

36. Ask the Experts. Best Method for Securing an Endotracheal Tube.

Author

Smith, Sean G.

Subjects
*ARTIFICIAL respiration, *PREVENTION of communicable diseases, *INTENSIVE care nursing, *SKIN care, *EXTUBATION, *ENDOTRACHEAL tubes
Abstract

The article presents answers to the question about the best practice for securing endotracheal tubes, citing the options of taping, using twill ties, or using a commercial tube holder.

Published
2016
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37. Immunological mechanisms of intravesical chitosan/interleukin-12 immunotherapy against murine bladder cancer.

Author

Smith, Sean G., Baltz, John L., Koppolu, Bhanu Prasanth, Ravindranathan, Sruthi, Nguyen, Khue, and Zaharoff, David A.

Subjects
*BLADDER cancer treatment, *IMMUNOTHERAPY, *INTERLEUKIN-12, *THERAPEUTICS
Abstract

There is a critical unmet clinical need for bladder cancer immunotherapies capable of inducing durable antitumor immunity. We have shown that four intravesical treatments with a simple co-formulation of interleukin-12 and the biopolymer chitosan not only destroy orthotopic bladder tumors, but also promote a potent long-lasting systemic immune response as evidenced through tumor-specificin vitrokilling assays, complete protection from rechallenge, and abscopal antitumor responses at distant non-treated tumors. This study investigates the immunological kinetics underlying these results. We show through depletion studies that CD8+T cells are required for initial tumor rejection, but CD4+T cells protect against rechallenge. We also show that even a single intravesical treatment can eliminate tumors in 50% of mice with 6/9 and 7/8 mice eliminating tumors after three or four treatments respectively. We then performed immunophenotyping studies to analyze shifts in immune cell populations after each treatment within the tumor itself as well as in secondary lymphoid organs. These studies demonstrated an initial infiltration of macrophages and granulocytes followed by increased CD4+and CD8+effector-memory cells. This was coupled with a decreased level of regulatory T cells in peripheral lymph nodes as well as decreased myeloid-derived suppressor cell infiltration in the bladder. Taken together, these data demonstrate the ability of properly delivered interleukin-12-based therapies to engage adaptive immunity within the tumor itself as well as throughout the body and strengthen the case for clinical translation of chitosan/interleukin-12 as an intravesical treatment for bladder cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2017
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38. Neoadjuvant immunotherapy with chitosan and interleukin-12 to control breast cancer metastasis.

Author

Vo JL, Yang L, Kurtz SL, Smith SG, Koppolu BP, Ravindranathan S, and Zaharoff DA

Abstract

Metastasis accounts for approximately 90% of breast cancer-related deaths. Therefore, novel approaches which prevent or control breast cancer metastases are of significant clinical interest. Interleukin-12 (IL-12)-based immunotherapies have shown promise in controlling metastatic disease, yet modest responses and severe toxicities due to systemic administration of IL-12 in early trials have hindered clinical application. We hypothesized that localized delivery of IL-12 co-formulated with chitosan (chitosan/IL-12) could elicit tumor-specific immunity and provide systemic protection against metastatic breast cancer while minimizing systemic toxicity. Chitosan is a biocompatible polysaccharide derived primarily from the exoskeletons of crustaceans. In a clinically relevant resection model, mice bearing spontaneously metastatic 4T1 mammary adenocarcinomas received intratumoral injections of chitosan/IL-12, or appropriate controls, prior to tumor resection. Neoadjuvant chitosan/IL-12 immunotherapy resulted in long-term tumor-free survival in 67% of mice compared to only 24% or 0% of mice treated with IL-12 alone or chitosan alone, respectively. Antitumor responses following chitosan/IL-12 treatment were durable and provided complete protection against rechallenge with 4T1, but not RENCA renal adenocarcinoma, cells. Lymphocytes from chitosan/IL-12-treated mice demonstrated robust tumor-specific lytic activity and interferon-γ production. Cell-mediated immune memory was confirmed in vivo via clinically relevant delayed-type hypersensitivity (DTH) assays. Comprehensive hematology and toxicology analyses revealed that chitosan/IL-12 induced transient, reversible leukopenia with no changes in critical organ function. Results of this study suggest that neoadjuvant chitosan/IL-12 immunotherapy prior to breast tumor resection is a promising translatable strategy capable of safely inducing to tumor-specific immunity and, in the long term, reducing breast cancer mortality due to progressive recurrences.

Published
2015
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