Search

Your search keyword '"Smith, A.K."' showing total 242 results
Start Over Author "Smith, A.K."
242 results on '"Smith, A.K."'

5. Outcomes Stratification of Head and Neck Cancer Using Pre- and Post-Treatment DNA Methylation in Peripheral Blood

Author

Qian, D.C., primary, Ulrich, B.C., additional, Peng, G., additional, Zhao, H., additional, Conneely, K.N., additional, Miller, A.H., additional, Bruner, D.W., additional, Eldridge, R.C., additional, Wommack, E.C., additional, Higgins, K.A., additional, Shin, D.M., additional, Saba, N.F., additional, Smith, A.K., additional, Burtness, B., additional, Park, H.S.M., additional, Stokes, W.A., additional, Beitler, J.J., additional, and Xiao, C., additional

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Genome-wide association studies identify 137 genetic loci for DNA methylation biomarkers of aging.

Author

McCartney D.L., Min J.L., Richmond R.C., Lu A.T., Sobczyk M.K., Davies G., Broer L., Guo X., Jeong A., Jung J., Kasela S., Katrinli S., Kuo P.-L., Matias-Garcia P.R., Mishra P.P., Nygaard M., Palviainen T., Patki A., Raffield L.M., Ratliff S.M., Richardson T.G., Robinson O., Soerensen M., Sun D., Tsai P.-C., van der Zee M.D., Walker R.M., Wang X., Wang Y., Xia R., Xu Z., Yao J., Zhao W., Correa A., Boerwinkle E., Dugue P.-A., Durda P., Elliott H.R., Gieger C., de Geus E.J.C., Harris S.E., Hemani G., Imboden M., Kahonen M., Kardia S.L.R., Kresovich J.K., Li S., Lunetta K.L., Mangino M., Mason D., McIntosh A.M., Mengel-From J., Moore A.Z., Murabito J.M., Ollikainen M., Pankow J.S., Pedersen N.L., Peters A., Polidoro S., Porteous D.J., Raitakari O., Rich S.S., Sandler D.P., Sillanpaa E., Smith A.K., Southey M.C., Strauch K., Tiwari H., Tanaka T., Tillin T., Uitterlinden A.G., Van Den Berg D.J., van Dongen J., Wilson J.G., Wright J., Yet I., Arnett D., Bandinelli S., Bell J.T., Binder A.M., Boomsma D.I., Chen W., Christensen K., Conneely K.N., Elliott P., Ferrucci L., Fornage M., Hagg S., Hayward C., Irvin M., Kaprio J., Lawlor D.A., Lehtimaki T., Lohoff F.W., Milani L., Milne R.L., Probst-Hensch N., Reiner A.P., Ritz B., Rotter J.I., Smith J.A., Taylor J.A., van Meurs J.B.J., Vineis P., Waldenberger M., Deary I.J., Relton C.L., Horvath S., Marioni R.E., McCartney D.L., Min J.L., Richmond R.C., Lu A.T., Sobczyk M.K., Davies G., Broer L., Guo X., Jeong A., Jung J., Kasela S., Katrinli S., Kuo P.-L., Matias-Garcia P.R., Mishra P.P., Nygaard M., Palviainen T., Patki A., Raffield L.M., Ratliff S.M., Richardson T.G., Robinson O., Soerensen M., Sun D., Tsai P.-C., van der Zee M.D., Walker R.M., Wang X., Wang Y., Xia R., Xu Z., Yao J., Zhao W., Correa A., Boerwinkle E., Dugue P.-A., Durda P., Elliott H.R., Gieger C., de Geus E.J.C., Harris S.E., Hemani G., Imboden M., Kahonen M., Kardia S.L.R., Kresovich J.K., Li S., Lunetta K.L., Mangino M., Mason D., McIntosh A.M., Mengel-From J., Moore A.Z., Murabito J.M., Ollikainen M., Pankow J.S., Pedersen N.L., Peters A., Polidoro S., Porteous D.J., Raitakari O., Rich S.S., Sandler D.P., Sillanpaa E., Smith A.K., Southey M.C., Strauch K., Tiwari H., Tanaka T., Tillin T., Uitterlinden A.G., Van Den Berg D.J., van Dongen J., Wilson J.G., Wright J., Yet I., Arnett D., Bandinelli S., Bell J.T., Binder A.M., Boomsma D.I., Chen W., Christensen K., Conneely K.N., Elliott P., Ferrucci L., Fornage M., Hagg S., Hayward C., Irvin M., Kaprio J., Lawlor D.A., Lehtimaki T., Lohoff F.W., Milani L., Milne R.L., Probst-Hensch N., Reiner A.P., Ritz B., Rotter J.I., Smith J.A., Taylor J.A., van Meurs J.B.J., Vineis P., Waldenberger M., Deary I.J., Relton C.L., Horvath S., and Marioni R.E.

Abstract

Background: Biological aging estimators derived from DNA methylation data are heritable and correlate with morbidity and mortality. Consequently, identification of genetic and environmental contributors to the variation in these measures in populations has become a major goal in the field. Result(s): Leveraging DNA methylation and SNP data from more than 40,000 individuals, we identify 137 genome-wide significant loci, of which 113 are novel, from genome-wide association study (GWAS) meta-analyses of four epigenetic clocks and epigenetic surrogate markers for granulocyte proportions and plasminogen activator inhibitor 1 levels, respectively. We find evidence for shared genetic loci associated with the Horvath clock and expression of transcripts encoding genes linked to lipid metabolism and immune function. Notably, these loci are independent of those reported to regulate DNA methylation levels at constituent clock CpGs. A polygenic score for GrimAge acceleration showed strong associations with adiposity-related traits, educational attainment, parental longevity, and C-reactive protein levels. Conclusion(s): This study illuminates the genetic architecture underlying epigenetic aging and its shared genetic contributions with lifestyle factors and longevity.Copyright © 2021, The Author(s).

Published
2021

13. International meta-analysis of PTSD genome-wide association studies identifies sex- and ancestry-specific genetic risk loci

Author

Schijven, D., Chen, C.-Y., Morey, R.A., Vermetten, E., Sanchez, S.E., Maihofer, A.X., Jett, M., Dale, A.M., Ratanatharathorn, A., McGlinchey, R.E., McLaughlin, K.A., Polimanti, R., Roberts, A.L., Williams, M.A., Nievergelt, C.M., Atkinson, E.G., Mors, O., Brashear, M., Gordon, S.D., Trapido, E., Haas, M., Lawford, B.R., Kimbrel, N.A., Sponheim, S.R., Daskalakis, N.P., Duncan, L.E., Rung, A., Orcutt, H.K., Pietrzak, R.H., Bustamante, A.C., Bisson, J.I., Koenen, K.C., McLean, S.A., Ripke, S., Kremen, W.S., Maples-Keller, J., Marmar, C., Sheerin, C.M., Calabrese, J.R., Andersen, S.B., Seligowski, A.V., Feeny, N.C., Polusny, M.A., Qin, X.-J., Daly, M.J., Ashley-Koch, A.E., Morris, C.P., Liberzon, I., Erbes, C.R., King, A.P., Zhao, H., Forbes, D., Jakovljevic, M., van den Heuvel, L.L., Peters, E.S., Evans, A., Boks, M.P., Aiello, A.E., Hougaard, D.M., Roy-Byrne, P., Bierut, L.J., Kranzler, H.R., Vinkers, C.H., Peterson, A.L., Wolf, C., Deckert, J., Linnstaedt, S.D., Stein, D.J., Levey, D.F., Almli, L.M., Martin, N.G., Williamson, D.E., Flory, J.D., Børglum, A.D., Guffanti, G., Stein, M.B., Lori, A., Khan, A., Baker, D.G., Ressler, K.J., Torres, K., Seedat, S., Andreassen, O.A., Neale, B.M., Werge, T., Mehta, D., Austin, S.B., Breen, G., Beckham, J.C., Geuze, E., Miller, M.W., Mortensen, P.B., Coleman, J.R.I., Provost, A.C., Norman, S.B., Garrett, M.E., McLeay, S., Van Hooff, M., Bolger, E.A., Franz, C.E., Luykx, J.J., Maurer, D., Wolff, J.D., Martin, A.R., Young, K.A., Lewis, C.E., Zoellner, L.A., Dennis, M.F., Delahanty, D.L., O’Donnell, M., Heath, A.C., Saccone, N.L., Domschke, K., Logue, M.W., Ursano, R.J., Smith, A.K., Rothbaum, A.O., Rutten, B.P.F., Harnal, S., Panizzon, M.S., Uddin, M., Babiat, D., Bryant, R.A., Gelernter, J., Smoller, J.W., Klengel, T., Bybjerg-Grauholm, J., Choi, K.W., Jovanovic, T., Caldas-de-Almeida, J.M., Nelson, E.C., Mavissakalian, M.R., Johnson, E.O., Hammamieh, R, Milberg, W.P., Nordentoft, M., Gillespie, C., Amstadter, A.B., Bradley, B., Teicher, M.H., Arbisi, P.A., Lebois, L.A.M., Hauser, M.A., Dzubur-Kulenovic, A., Hemmings, S.M.J., Gelaye, B., Sumner, J.A., Uka, A.G., Young, R.M.D., Voisey, J., Wang, Y., Galea, S., Wang, Z., Jones, I., Peverill, M., Disner, S.G., Seng, J.S., Kessler, R.C., Junglen, A.G., Wolf, E.J., Lugonja, B., Dalvie, S., Koen, N., Rice, J.P., Rothbaum, B.O., Thompson, W.K., Ruggiero, K., Karstoft, K.-I., Farrer, L.A., Stevens, J.S., Silove, D., Avdibegovic, E., Risbrough, V.B., Lyons, M.J., Bækvad-Hansen, M., and McFarlane, A.

Abstract

The risk of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD) following trauma is heritable, but robust common variants have yet to be identified. In a multi-ethnic cohort including over 30,000 PTSD cases and 170,000 controls we conduct a genome-wide association study of PTSD. We demonstrate SNP-based heritability estimates of 5–20%, varying by sex. Three genome-wide significant loci are identified, 2 in European and 1 in African-ancestry analyses. Analyses stratified by sex implicate 3 additional loci in men. Along with other novel genes and non-coding RNAs, a Parkinson’s disease gene involved in dopamine regulation, PARK2, is associated with PTSD. Finally, we demonstrate that polygenic risk for PTSD is significantly predictive of re-experiencing symptoms in the Million Veteran Program dataset, although specific loci did not replicate. These results demonstrate the role of genetic variation in the biology of risk for PTSD and highlight the necessity of conducting sex-stratified analyses and expanding GWAS beyond European ancestry populations. © 2019, This is a U.S. government work and not under copyright protection in the U.S.; foreign copyright protection may apply.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Methylomic profiles reveal sex-specific differences in leukocyte composition associated with post-traumatic stress disorder

Author

Aiello, A.E., Koenen, K.C., Galea, S., Lori, A., Armstrong, D.L., Michopoulos, V., Wildman, D.E., Xue, F., Uddin, M., Smith, A.K., and Kim, G.S.

Subjects
mental disorders, behavioral disciplines and activities
Abstract

Post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) is a debilitating mental disorder precipitated by trauma exposure. However, only some persons exposed to trauma develop PTSD. There are sex differences in risk; twice as many women as men develop a lifetime diagnosis of PTSD. Methylomic profiles derived from peripheral blood are well-suited for investigating PTSD because DNA methylation (DNAm) encodes individual response to trauma and may play a key role in the immune dysregulation characteristic of PTSD pathophysiology. In the current study, we leveraged recent methodological advances to investigate sex-specific differences in DNAm-based leukocyte composition that are associated with lifetime PTSD. We estimated leukocyte composition on a combined methylation array dataset (483 participants, ∼450 k CpG sites) consisting of two civilian cohorts, the Detroit Neighborhood Health Study and Grady Trauma Project. Sex-stratified Mann-Whitney U test and two-way ANCOVA revealed that lifetime PTSD was associated with significantly higher monocyte proportions in males, but not in females (Holm-adjusted p-val < 0.05). No difference in monocyte proportions was observed between current and remitted PTSD cases in males, suggesting that this sex-specific difference may reflect a long-standing trait of lifetime history of PTSD, rather than current state of PTSD. Associations with lifetime PTSD or PTSD status were not observed in any other leukocyte subtype and our finding in monocytes was confirmed using cell estimates based on a different deconvolution algorithm, suggesting that our sex-specific findings are robust across cell estimation approaches. Overall, our main finding of elevated monocyte proportions in males, but not in females with lifetime history of PTSD provides evidence for a sex-specific difference in peripheral blood leukocyte composition that is detectable in methylomic profiles and that may reflect long-standing changes associated with PTSD diagnosis.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

15. “NO ENERGY, ZIP”: A MIXED METHODS COMPARISON OF FUNCTIONAL DECLINE DURING IMMUNOTHERAPY, TARGETED THERAPY, AND/OR CHEMOTHERAPY IN OLDER ADULTS WITH NON-SMALL CELL LUNG CANCER (NSCLC)

Author

Wong, M.L., primary, Smith, A.K., additional, Miaskowski, C., additional, Musinipally, V., additional, Cohen, H.J., additional, Lam, V., additional, Mazor, M., additional, Ursem, C.J., additional, Loh, K., additional, Cohen, J.A., additional, Shumay, D., additional, Levin, A.O., additional, Dixit, N., additional, Grandi, J., additional, and Walter, L.C., additional

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Global occurrence and chemical impact of stratospheric blue jets modeled with WACCM4

Author

Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), Pérez-Invernón, Francisco J., Gordillo Vázquez, Francisco J., Smith, A.K., Arnone, E., Winkler, H., Ministerio de Economía, Industria y Competitividad (España), European Commission, National Science Foundation (US), Pérez-Invernón, Francisco J., Gordillo Vázquez, Francisco J., Smith, A.K., Arnone, E., and Winkler, H.

Abstract

In this work we present the first parameterizations of the global occurrence rate and chemical influence of Blue Jets, a type of transient luminous event taking place in the stratospheric region above thunderclouds. These parameterizations are directly coupled with five different lightning parameterizations implemented in the Whole Atmosphere Community Climate Model (WACCM4). We have obtained a maximum Blue Jet global occurrence rate of about 0.9 BJ per minute. The geographical occurrence of Blue Jets is closely related to the chosen lightning parameterization. Some previously developed local chemical models of Blue Jets predicted an important influence onto the stratospheric concentration of N2O, NOx, and O3. We have used these results together with our global implementations of Blue Jets in WACCM4 to estimate their global chemical influence in the atmosphere. According to our results, Blue Jets can inject about 3.8 Tg N2O-N/year and 0.07 Tg NO-N/year near the stratosphere, where N2O-N and NO-N stand for the mass of nitrogen atoms in N2O and NO molecules, respectively. These production rates of N2O and NOx could have a direct impact on, for example, the acidity of rainwater or the greenhouse effect. We have found that Blue Jets could also slightly contribute to the depletion of stratospheric ozone. In particular, we have estimated that the maximum difference in the concentration of O3 at 30 km of altitude between simulations with and without Blue Jets can be about −5% in equatorial and polar regions. ©2019. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Published
2019

19. Correction: Lifetime stress accelerates epigenetic aging in an urban, African American cohort: Relevance of glucocorticoid signaling [Genome Biol., 16, 1, (2015) (266)] DOI: 10.1186/s13059-015-0828-5

Author

Zannas, A.S., Knauer-Arloth, J., Carrillo-Roa, T., Iurato, S., Roeh, S., Ressler, K.J., Nemeroff, C.B., Smith, A.K., Bradley, B., Heim, C., Menke, A., Lange, J.F., Brueckl, T., Ising, M., Wray, N.R., Erhardt, A., Binder, E.B., and Mehta, D.

Subjects
Data_FILES
Abstract

Upon publication of the original article [1] it was highlighted by the authors that a transposition error affected Additional file 1, causing the misplacement of several columns and rendering the table difficult to read. This transposition does not influence any of the results nor analyses presented in the paper and has since been formally noted in this correction article; the corrected file is available here as an Additional File. The publisher apologizes for this error.

Published
2018

23. A DNA methylation biomarker of alcohol consumption

Author

Liu, C. (C.), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Hedman, A.K. (Asa), Pfeiffer, L. (L.), Tsai, P.-C. (P. C.), Reynolds, L.M. (Lindsay), Just, A.C. (A. C.), Duan, Q. (Qing), Boer, C.G. (Cindy), Tanaka, T. (T.), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Aslibekyan, S. (S.), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Kuhnel, B. (Brigitte), Herder, C. (Christian), Almli, L.M. (L. M.), Zhi, D. (D.), Wang, Y. (Y.), Huan, T. (T.), Yao, C. (C.), Mendelson, M.M. (M. M.), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Liang, L. (Liming), Love, S.-A. (S. A.), Guan, W. (Weihua), Shah, S. (S.), McRae, A.F. (A. F.), Kretschmer, A. (A.), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Strauch, K. (K.), Peters, A. (Annette), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri), Smith, A.K. (A. K.), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Irvin, M.R. (M. R.), Absher, D.M. (D. M.), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Lohman, K. (K.), Ding, J. (J.), Trevisi, L. (L.), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Sandling, J.K. (Johanna), Stolk, L. (Lisette), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Yet, I. (Idil), Castillo-Fernandez, J.E. (J. E.), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Schwartz, J.D. (J. D.), Vokonas, P. (P.), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Li, Y. (Y.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Ong, K.K. (Ken), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Baccarelli, A.A. (A. A.), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Bell, J.T. (J. T.), North, K.E. (Kari), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Waldenberger, M. (M.), London, S.J. (S. J.), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), Levy, D. (D.), Liu, C. (C.), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Hedman, A.K. (Asa), Pfeiffer, L. (L.), Tsai, P.-C. (P. C.), Reynolds, L.M. (Lindsay), Just, A.C. (A. C.), Duan, Q. (Qing), Boer, C.G. (Cindy), Tanaka, T. (T.), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Aslibekyan, S. (S.), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Kuhnel, B. (Brigitte), Herder, C. (Christian), Almli, L.M. (L. M.), Zhi, D. (D.), Wang, Y. (Y.), Huan, T. (T.), Yao, C. (C.), Mendelson, M.M. (M. M.), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Liang, L. (Liming), Love, S.-A. (S. A.), Guan, W. (Weihua), Shah, S. (S.), McRae, A.F. (A. F.), Kretschmer, A. (A.), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Strauch, K. (K.), Peters, A. (Annette), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Guo, X. (Xiuqing), Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri), Smith, A.K. (A. K.), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Irvin, M.R. (M. R.), Absher, D.M. (D. M.), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Lohman, K. (K.), Ding, J. (J.), Trevisi, L. (L.), Gustafsson, S. (Stefan), Sandling, J.K. (Johanna), Stolk, L. (Lisette), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Yet, I. (Idil), Castillo-Fernandez, J.E. (J. E.), Spector, T.D. (Timothy), Schwartz, J.D. (J. D.), Vokonas, P. (P.), Kao, W.H.L. (Wen), Li, Y. (Y.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Ong, K.K. (Ken), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Baccarelli, A.A. (A. A.), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Bell, J.T. (J. T.), North, K.E. (Kari), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Waldenberger, M. (M.), London, S.J. (S. J.), Ingelsson, E. (Erik), and Levy, D. (D.)

Abstract

The lack of reliable measures of alcohol intake is a major obstacle to the diagnosis and treatment of alcohol-related diseases. Epigenetic modifications such as DNA methylation may provide novel biomarkers of alcohol use. To examine this possibility, we performed an epigenome-wide association study of methylation of cytosine-phosphate-guanine dinucleotide (CpG) sites in relation to alcohol intake in 13 population-based cohorts (ntotal = 13 317; 54% women; mean age across cohorts 42-76 years) using whole blood (9643 European and 2423 African ancestries) or monocyte-derived DNA (588 European, 263 African and 400 Hispanic ancestry) samples. We performed meta-analysis and variable selection in whole-blood samples of people of European ancestry (n = 6926) and identified 144 CpGs that provided substantial discrimination (area under the curve = 0.90-0.99) for current heavy alcohol intake (≥42 g per day in men and ≥28 g per day in women) in four replication cohorts. The ancestry-stratified meta-analysis in whole blood identified 328 (9643 European ancestry samples) and 165 (2423 African ancestry samples) alcohol-related CpGs at Bonferroni-adjusted P<1×10-7. Analysis of the monocyte-derived DNA (n = 1251) identified 62 alcohol-related CpGs at P<1×10-7. In whole-blood samples of people of European ancestry, we detected differen

Published
2018
Full Text
View/download PDF

36. Epigenetic Signatures of Cigarette Smoking

Author

Joehanes, R. (Roby), Just, A.C. (Allan C.), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Reynolds, L.M. (Lindsay), Mandaviya, P.R. (Pooja R.), Guan, W. (Weihua), Xu, T. (Tao), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Moreno-Macías, H. (Hortensia), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Dhingra, R. (Radhika), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Pankow, J.S. (James), Kunze, S. (Sonja), Shah, S.H. (Sonia H.), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Sha, J. (Jin), Absher, D. (Devin), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Zhao, W. (Wei), Demerath, E.W. (Ellen), Bressler, J. (Jan), Grove, M.L. (Megan), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Liu, C. (Chunyu), Mendelson, M.M. (Michael M.), Yao, C. (Chen), Kiel, D.P. (Douglas P.), Peters, A. (Annette), Wang-Sattler, R. (Rui), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Starr, J.M. (John), Ding, J. (Jingzhong), Rodriguez, C.J. (Carlos J.), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Irvin, M.R. (Marguerite R.), Zhi, D. (Degui), Barrdahl, M. (Myrto), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Ambatipudi, S. (Srikant), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Colicino, E. (Elena), Hou, L. (Lifang), Vokonas, P.S. (Pantel S.), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Singleton, A. (Andrew), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Ware, E.B. (Erin B.), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Klengel, T. (Torsten), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth B.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Taylor, K.D. (Kent), Gharib, S.A. (Sina), Swenson, B.R. (Brenton R.), Liang, L. (Liming), Demeo, D.L. (Dawn), O'Connor, G.T. (George), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry J.), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L. R.), Melzer, D. (David), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Romieu, I. (Isabelle), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Levy, D. (Daniel), London, S.J. (Stephanie J.), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Just, A.C. (Allan C.), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Reynolds, L.M. (Lindsay), Mandaviya, P.R. (Pooja R.), Guan, W. (Weihua), Xu, T. (Tao), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Moreno-Macías, H. (Hortensia), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Dhingra, R. (Radhika), Yousefi, P. (Paul), Pankow, J.S. (James), Kunze, S. (Sonja), Shah, S.H. (Sonia H.), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Lohman, K. (Kurt), Sha, J. (Jin), Absher, D. (Devin), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Zhao, W. (Wei), Demerath, E.W. (Ellen), Bressler, J. (Jan), Grove, M.L. (Megan), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Liu, C. (Chunyu), Mendelson, M.M. (Michael M.), Yao, C. (Chen), Kiel, D.P. (Douglas P.), Peters, A. (Annette), Wang-Sattler, R. (Rui), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Wray, N.R. (Naomi), Starr, J.M. (John), Ding, J. (Jingzhong), Rodriguez, C.J. (Carlos J.), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Irvin, M.R. (Marguerite R.), Zhi, D. (Degui), Barrdahl, M. (Myrto), Vineis, P. (Paolo), Ambatipudi, S. (Srikant), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Hofman, A. (Albert), Schwartz, J. (Joel), Colicino, E. (Elena), Hou, L. (Lifang), Vokonas, P.S. (Pantel S.), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Singleton, A. (Andrew), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Ware, E.B. (Erin B.), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Klengel, T. (Torsten), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth B.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Taylor, K.D. (Kent), Gharib, S.A. (Sina), Swenson, B.R. (Brenton R.), Liang, L. (Liming), Demeo, D.L. (Dawn), O'Connor, G.T. (George), Herceg, Z. (Zdenko), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry J.), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L. R.), Melzer, D. (David), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Romieu, I. (Isabelle), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Levy, D. (Daniel), and London, S.J. (Stephanie J.)

Abstract

Background-DNA methylation leaves a long-term signature of smoking exposure and is one potential mechanism by which tobacco exposure predisposes to adverse health outcomes, such as cancers, osteoporosis, lung, and cardiovascular disorders. Methods and Results-To comprehensively determine the association between cigarette smoki

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

37. DNA methylation signatures of chronic low-grade inflammation are associated with complex diseases

Author

Ligthart, S. (Symen), Marzi, C. (Carola), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Mendelson, M.M. (Michael M.), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Colicino, E. (Elena), Waite, L. (Lindsay), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Guan, W. (Weihua), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Jhun, M.A. (Min A.), Agha, G. (Golareh), Bressler, J. (Jan), Ward-Caviness, C.K. (Cavin K.), Chen, B.H. (Brian), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Bakulski, K.M. (Kelly M.), Salfati, E. (Elias), Fiorito, G. (Giovanni), Wahl, S. (Simone), Schramm, K. (Katharina), Sha, J. (Jin), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Just, A.C. (Allan C.), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Pankow, J.S. (James), Tsao, P.S. (Phil S.), Liu, C. (Chunyu), Zhao, W. (Wei), Guarrera, S. (Simonetta), Michopoulos, V.J. (Vasiliki J.), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Peters, M.J. (Marjolein), Melzer, D. (David), Vokonas, P. (Pantel), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Chu, A.Y. (Audrey), Herder, C. (Christian), Grallert, H. (Harald), Yao, C. (Chen), Shah, S. (Sonia), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Lin, H., Horvath, S. (Steve), Fallin, D. (Daniele), Hofman, A. (Albert), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri), Feinberg, A.P. (Andrew P.), Starr, J.M. (John), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Murabito, J. (Joanne), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L.R.), Absher, D. (Devin), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Singleton, A. (Andrew), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Peters, A. (Annette), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Matullo, G., Schwartz, J.D. (Joel D.), Demerath, E.W. (Ellen), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce B.J.), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Chen, Y.D. (Y.), Levy, D. (Daniel), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Dupuis, J. (Josée), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Assimes, T.L. (Themistocles), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Koenig, W. (Wolfgang), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Benjamin, E.J. (Emelia), Dehghan, A. (Abbas), Ligthart, S. (Symen), Marzi, C. (Carola), Aslibekyan, S. (Stella), Mendelson, M.M. (Michael M.), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Tanaka, T. (Toshiko), Colicino, E. (Elena), Waite, L. (Lindsay), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Guan, W. (Weihua), Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Elks, C.E. (Cathy), Marioni, R.E. (Riccardo), Jhun, M.A. (Min A.), Agha, G. (Golareh), Bressler, J. (Jan), Ward-Caviness, C.K. (Cavin K.), Chen, B.H. (Brian), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Bakulski, K.M. (Kelly M.), Salfati, E. (Elias), Fiorito, G. (Giovanni), Wahl, S. (Simone), Schramm, K. (Katharina), Sha, J. (Jin), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Just, A.C. (Allan C.), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Sotoodehnia, N. (Nona), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Pankow, J.S. (James), Tsao, P.S. (Phil S.), Liu, C. (Chunyu), Zhao, W. (Wei), Guarrera, S. (Simonetta), Michopoulos, V.J. (Vasiliki J.), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Peters, M.J. (Marjolein), Melzer, D. (David), Vokonas, P. (Pantel), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Bis, J.C. (Joshua), Chu, A.Y. (Audrey), Herder, C. (Christian), Grallert, H. (Harald), Yao, C. (Chen), Shah, S. (Sonia), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Lin, H., Horvath, S. (Steve), Fallin, D. (Daniele), Hofman, A. (Albert), Wareham, N.J. (Nick), Wiggins, K.L. (Kerri), Feinberg, A.P. (Andrew P.), Starr, J.M. (John), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Murabito, J. (Joanne), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon L.R.), Absher, D. (Devin), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth), Singleton, A. (Andrew), Bandinelli, S. (Stefania), Peters, A. (Annette), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Matullo, G., Schwartz, J.D. (Joel D.), Demerath, E.W. (Ellen), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce B.J.), Franco, O.H. (Oscar), Chen, Y.D. (Y.), Levy, D. (Daniel), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Deary, I.J. (Ian), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Dupuis, J. (Josée), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Ong, K.K. (Ken K.), Assimes, T.L. (Themistocles), Boerwinkle, E.A. (Eric), Koenig, W. (Wolfgang), Arnett, D.K. (Donna), Baccarelli, A.A. (Andrea), Benjamin, E.J. (Emelia), and Dehghan, A. (Abbas)

Abstract

Background: Chronic low-grade inflammation reflects a subclinical immune response implicated in the pathogenesis of complex diseases. Identifying genetic loci where DNA methylation is as

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

38. Home guide.

Author

Smith, A.K.

Subjects
*DWELLINGS
Abstract

Presents a 1992 Home Guide that discusses the thaw in residential real estate. Regina and Jean-Preston Hoppe's new home with bay windows and french doors that they could afford when the mortgage rates fell; First-time buyers are the ones propelling the nation's housing market out of the slump; This spring's housing recovery; Homwowners' profiles; Trade-up buyers Sandra Singleton and Randy Williams; Trade-down buyers John and Toni Peracchio; Auction buyer Alexander Fletcher; More.

Published
1992

39. Radiative and energetic constraints on the global annual mean atomic oxygen concentration in the mesopause region

Author

Mlynczak, Martin G., Hunt, L.H., Mertens, C.J., Marshall, B.T., Russell, J.M., López-Puertas, Manuel, Smith, A.K., Siskind, D.E., Mast, J.C., Thompson, R.E., and Gordley, L.L.

Subjects
Ozone, Airglow, Radiative constraints, Atomic oxygen, Mesopause, Energy balance
Abstract

We present a new approach to constrain and validate atomic oxygen (O) concentrations in the mesopause region (∼ 80 to ∼ 100 km). In a prior companion paper [Mlynczak et al., ], we presented O-atom concentrations in the mesopause region inferred from measurements of day ozone and night hydroxyl emission rates made by the Sounding of the Atmosphere using Broadband Emission Radiometry (SABER) instrument. The approach presented here uses the constraint of global, annual mean energy balance to derive atomic oxygen concentrations, consistent with rates of radiative cooling by carbon dioxide (CO2) and solar heating due to molecular oxygen (O2). The mathematical difference between these cooling and heating rates, on a global annual mean basis, effectively constrains the maximum heating rate for the sum of all other processes. The remaining terms, solar heating due to ozone plus a series of exothermic chemical reactions can be expressed as functions of O. This new approach enables a simple mathematical expression that yields the vertical profile of global annual mean >radiatively constrained> atomic oxygen in the mesopause region. The radiatively constrained atomic oxygen depends only on the CO2 cooling rates, O2 solar heating rates, and standard reaction rate coefficients and enthalpies. Radiative cooling and solar heating rates used in these analyses are derived from measurements made by the SABER instrument on the NASA Thermosphere Ionosphere Mesosphere Energetics and Dynamics satellite. There is excellent agreement between the SABER radiatively constrained atomic oxygen and that derived from the SABER ozone and OH emission measurements over most of the mesopause region. Radiatively constrained atomic oxygen represents an upper limit on the global average O-atom concentration in the mesopause region. © 2013. American Geophysical Union. All Rights Reserved.

Published
2013

42. The transcriptional landscape of age in human peripheral blood

Author

Peters, M.J. (Marjolein), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Schurmann, C. (Claudia), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Powell, J.E. (Joseph), Reinmaa, E. (Eva), Sutphin, G.L. (George L.), Zhernakova, A. (Alexandra), Schramm, K. (Katharina), Wilson, Y.A. (Yana A.), Kobes, S. (Sayuko), Tukiainen, T. (Taru), Ramos, Y.F.M. (Yolande), Göring, H.H.H. (Harald H.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Gharib, S.A. (Sina), Stranger, B.E. (Barbara), Jager, P.L. (Philip) de, Aviv, A. (Abraham), Levy, D. (Daniel), Murabito, J. (Joanne), Munson, P.J. (Peter J.), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Hofman, A. (Albert), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Rooij, J.G.J. (Jeroen) van, Stolk, L. (Lisette), Broer, L. (Linda), Verbiest, M.M.P.J. (Michael), Jhamai, M. (Mila), Arp, P.P. (Pascal), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Tserel, L. (Liina), Milani, L. (Lili), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh), Peterson, P. (Pärt), Kasela, S. (Silva), Codd, V. (Veryan), Peters, A. (Annette), Ward-Caviness, C.K. (Cavin K.), Herder, C. (Christian), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Roden, M. (Michael), Singmann, P. (Paula), Zeilinger, S. (Sonja), Illig, T. (Thomas), Homuth, G. (Georg), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Völzke, H. (Henry), Steil, L. (Leif), Kocher, T. (Thomas), Murray, A. (Anna), Melzer, D. (David), Yaghootkar, H. (Hanieh), Bandinelli, S., Moses, E.K. (Eric), Kent, J.W. (Jack), Curran, J.E. (Joanne), Johnson, M.P. (Matthew), Williams-Blangero, S. (Sarah), Westra, H.J. (Harm-Jan), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Hovatta, I. (Iiris), Perola, M. (Markus), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Henders, A.K. (Anjali), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Mehta, D. (Divya), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth B.), Nylocks, K.M. (K. Maria), Kennedy, E.M. (Elizabeth M.), Klengel, T. (Torsten), Ding, J. (Jingzhong), Suchy-Dicey, A. (Astrid), Enquobahrie, D., Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Chen, Y.-D.I. (Yii-Der I.), Houwing-Duistermaat, J.J. (Jeanine), Kloppenburg, M. (Margreet), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Helmer, Q. (Quinta), Hollander, W. (Wouter) den, Bean, S. (Shannon), Raj, T. (Towfique), Bakhshi, N. (Noman), Wang, Q.P. (Qiao Ping), Oyston, L.J. (Lisa J.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Tracy, R.P. (Russell), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Blangero, J. (John), Meulenbelt, I. (Ingrid), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Yang, J. (Jian), Franke, L. (Lude), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Neely, G.G. (G. Gregory), Korstanje, R. (Ron), Hanson, R.L. (Robert L.), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Johnson, A.D. (Andrew D.), Nalls, M.A. (Michael), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Cookson, M.R. (Mark), Gibbs, R.J. (Raphael J.), Hardy, J. (John), Ramasamy, A. (Adaikalavan), Zonderman, A.B. (Alan B.), Dillman, A. (Allissa), Traynor, B. (Bryan), Smith, C. (Colin), Longo, D.L. (Dan L.), Trabzuni, D. (Danyah), Troncoso, J.C. (Juan), Brug, M.P. (Marcel) van der, Weale, M.E. (Michael), O'Brien, R. (Richard), Johnson, R. (Robert), Walker, R. (Robert), Zielke, R.H. (Ronald H.), Arepalli, S. (Sampath), Ryten, M. (Mina), Singleton, A., Peters, M.J. (Marjolein), Joehanes, R. (Roby), Pilling, L.C. (Luke), Schurmann, C. (Claudia), Conneely, K.N. (Karen N.), Powell, J.E. (Joseph), Reinmaa, E. (Eva), Sutphin, G.L. (George L.), Zhernakova, A. (Alexandra), Schramm, K. (Katharina), Wilson, Y.A. (Yana A.), Kobes, S. (Sayuko), Tukiainen, T. (Taru), Ramos, Y.F.M. (Yolande), Göring, H.H.H. (Harald H.), Fornage, M. (Myriam), Liu, Y. (YongMei), Gharib, S.A. (Sina), Stranger, B.E. (Barbara), Jager, P.L. (Philip) de, Aviv, A. (Abraham), Levy, D. (Daniel), Murabito, J. (Joanne), Munson, P.J. (Peter J.), Huan, T. (Tianxiao), Hofman, A. (Albert), Uitterlinden, A.G. (André), Rivadeneira Ramirez, F. (Fernando), Rooij, J.G.J. (Jeroen) van, Stolk, L. (Lisette), Broer, L. (Linda), Verbiest, M.M.P.J. (Michael), Jhamai, M. (Mila), Arp, P.P. (Pascal), Metspalu, A. (Andres), Tserel, L. (Liina), Milani, L. (Lili), Samani, N.J. (Nilesh), Peterson, P. (Pärt), Kasela, S. (Silva), Codd, V. (Veryan), Peters, A. (Annette), Ward-Caviness, C.K. (Cavin K.), Herder, C. (Christian), Waldenberger, M. (Melanie), Roden, M. (Michael), Singmann, P. (Paula), Zeilinger, S. (Sonja), Illig, T. (Thomas), Homuth, G. (Georg), Grabe, H.J. (Hans Jörgen), Völzke, H. (Henry), Steil, L. (Leif), Kocher, T. (Thomas), Murray, A. (Anna), Melzer, D. (David), Yaghootkar, H. (Hanieh), Bandinelli, S., Moses, E.K. (Eric), Kent, J.W. (Jack), Curran, J.E. (Joanne), Johnson, M.P. (Matthew), Williams-Blangero, S. (Sarah), Westra, H.J. (Harm-Jan), McRae, A.F. (Allan F.), Smith, J.A. (Jennifer A), Kardia, S.L.R. (Sharon), Hovatta, I. (Iiris), Perola, M. (Markus), Ripatti, S. (Samuli), Salomaa, V. (Veikko), Henders, A.K. (Anjali), Martin, N.G. (Nicholas), Smith, A.K. (Alicia K.), Mehta, D. (Divya), Binder, E.B. (Elisabeth B.), Nylocks, K.M. (K. Maria), Kennedy, E.M. (Elizabeth M.), Klengel, T. (Torsten), Ding, J. (Jingzhong), Suchy-Dicey, A. (Astrid), Enquobahrie, D., Brody, J.A. (Jennifer A.), Rotter, J.I. (Jerome I.), Chen, Y.-D.I. (Yii-Der I.), Houwing-Duistermaat, J.J. (Jeanine), Kloppenburg, M. (Margreet), Slagboom, P.E. (Eline), Helmer, Q. (Quinta), Hollander, W. (Wouter) den, Bean, S. (Shannon), Raj, T. (Towfique), Bakhshi, N. (Noman), Wang, Q.P. (Qiao Ping), Oyston, L.J. (Lisa J.), Psaty, B.M. (Bruce), Tracy, R.P. (Russell), Montgomery, G.W. (Grant), Turner, S.T. (Stephen), Blangero, J. (John), Meulenbelt, I. (Ingrid), Ressler, K.J. (Kerry), Yang, J. (Jian), Franke, L. (Lude), Kettunen, J. (Johannes), Visscher, P.M. (Peter), Neely, G.G. (G. Gregory), Korstanje, R. (Ron), Hanson, R.L. (Robert L.), Prokisch, H. (Holger), Ferrucci, L. (Luigi), Esko, T. (Tõnu), Teumer, A. (Alexander), Meurs, J.B.J. (Joyce) van, Johnson, A.D. (Andrew D.), Nalls, M.A. (Michael), Hernandez, D.G. (Dena), Cookson, M.R. (Mark), Gibbs, R.J. (Raphael J.), Hardy, J. (John), Ramasamy, A. (Adaikalavan), Zonderman, A.B. (Alan B.), Dillman, A. (Allissa), Traynor, B. (Bryan), Smith, C. (Colin), Longo, D.L. (Dan L.), Trabzuni, D. (Danyah), Troncoso, J.C. (Juan), Brug, M.P. (Marcel) van der, Weale, M.E. (Michael), O'Brien, R. (Richard), Johnson, R. (Robert), Walker, R. (Robert), Zielke, R.H. (Ronald H.), Arepalli, S. (Sampath), Ryten, M. (Mina), and Singleton, A.

Abstract

Disease incidences increase with age, but the molecular characteristics of ageing that lead to increased disease susceptibility remain inadequately understood. Here we perform a whole-blood gene expression meta-analysis in 14,983 individuals of European ancestry (including replication) and identify 1,497 genes that are differentially expressed with chronological age. The age-associated genes do not harbor more age-associated CpG-methylation sites than other genes, but are instead enriched for the presence of potentially functional CpG-methylation sites in enhancer and insulator regions that associate with both chronological age and gene expression levels. We further used the gene expression profiles to calculate the 'transcriptomic age' of an individual, and show that differences between transcriptomic age and chronological age are associated with biological features linked to ageing, such as blood pressure, cholesterol levels, fasting glucose, and body mass index. The transcriptomic prediction model adds biological relevance and complements existing epigenetic prediction models, and can be used by others to calculate transcriptomic age in external cohorts.

Published
2015
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Defining the terms and processes associated with equitation

Author

McGreevy, P.D., McLean, A.N., Warren-Smith, A.K., Waran, N., Goodwin, D., McGreevy, P., McLean, A., Warren-Smith, A., Goodwin, D., and Waran, N.

Abstract

The need for precise definitions is accepted in human psychiatry (DSM-IV, 1994) and is increasingly called for in veterinary behaviour medicine (Overall, 1997;2005). In contrast, the use of non-scientific terms is customary in equestrian circles and is added to by contemporary trainers and self-styled horse whisperers. Data suggest that qualified equestrian instructors frequently confuse the meaning of terms that originated in behavioural science (Warren-Smith and McGreevy, in prep). Several descriptors may be used for the same behaviour, depending on the observer (Mills, 1998). The use of such terms may encourage imprecise and inappropriate interpretations of equine behaviour. For example, many layman’s terms imply subjective mental states in the horse and that horses are culpable participants in the training process. These assumptions can have negative welfare implications for the domestic horse and safety implications for riders and handlers (McLean, 2004). Publication of the Equid Ethogram (McDonnell, 2003) is welcomed, since it defines terms that appear in the literature on free-ranging and managed horses. However, the Equid Ethogram includes discussion on few human-horse interactions. Since equitation science seeks to improve the welfare of horses and improve clarity of communication in their interface with humans, it isappropriate to address this apparent gap in the agreed hippological terminology. This paper advocates the need for a glossary of terms that provide a scientific framework on which to base future discussions and debate. The challenge for equitation science is to define and quantify as many elements of the interaction between riders and horses as possible. Ethological and anatomical nomenclature can and should be used to describe a horse’s manoeuvres but the description and measurement of more conceptual and less tangible qualities, such as feelings (including happiness), depends on the development of more innovative techniques than are currently available. That said, it is possible toquantify acute and chronic stress through the measurement of heart rate and corticosteroid concentrations.The glossary and definitions offered below will be presented at the First International Equitation Science Symposium and remain a living document that can be reviewed by subsequent symposia and downloaded from a nominated web-site. Underlined words have separate entries in this glossary.

Published
2005

44. A comparison of fitness between horses with different exercise history

Author

Barker, Anna B.E. and Warren-Smith, A.K.

Subjects
fitness training, blood lactate, Farm Management, heart rate, horse
Abstract

Anecdotal evidence suggests that a horse’s prior fitness level has an effect on the horse’s ability to return to that previous level of fitness. This trial aimed to test this assumption which would benefit horse trainers to create individual fitness programs for horses. Standardised exercise testing was used to compare the progress of two groups of horses during weeks three and seven of a 14-week training program. Group A had undergone a similar training program twelve months previously and Group B had not. Plasma lactate samples and heart rate monitoring were used to assess the levels of fitness of the horses. Analysis of variance showed that there was no significant difference in post-exercise plasma lactate concentration between the groups. The horses with previous training experience (Group A) had lower (115.7 v 130.6 bpm) but non-significantly different heart rates than those without previous training experience (Group B) at week 3. This trend did not change after an additional 4 weeks of training (115.5 v 128.4 bpm; Group A and B respectively). Irrespective of training history or speed of each incremental step, there was no improvement in heart rate between week 3 (123.1 bpm) and week 7 (122.0 bpm).

Published
2005
Full Text
View/download PDF

47. Détermination de l'origine de l'eau utilisée par la végétation en environnement semi-aride : modèles et validation

Author

Brunel, Jean-Pierre, Walker, G.R., Kennett-Smith, A.K., Hoepffner, Michel (ed.), Lebel, Thierry (ed.), and Monteny, Bruno (ed.)

Subjects
COUVERT VEGETAL, ANALYSE CHIMIQUE, ISOTOPE, ALIMENTATION EN EAU, RELATION SOL PLANTE, RELATION EAU PLANTE, MODELISATION
Abstract

On peut utiliser les isotopes stables de l'eau, 2H et 18O pour déterminer l'origine de l'eau utilisée par la végétation en régions semi-arides. Lorsque l'on compare la composition isotopique de l'eau dans les horizons du sol à fort potentiel matriciel (et donc à disponibilité importante en eau) avec celle de l'eau circulant dans la plante, on constate que l'erreur totale sur la signature en Deutérium est de l'ordre de 5 pour 1000. Cette valeur prend en compte les erreurs liées à l'extraction de l'eau des compartiments sol et végétation, l'hétérogénéité spatiale dans les profils de sol, l'hétérogénéité au sein de la plante elle-même, les erreurs liées aux vitesses de déplacement de l'eau dans la plante et les erreurs faites éventuellement par l'hypothèse de non fractionnement isotopique de l'eau par les racines. Cette erreur globale est généralement inférieure à la variation naturelle des compositions isotopiques mesurées et permet donc leur utilisation. Cette erreur est du même ordre de grandeur pour 18O, 1 pour 1000. Nous avons utilisé un "modèle à compartiments" pour quantifier les erreurs résultant d'une "inversion" des signatures isotopiques de l'eau provenant de deux horizons du sol. L'erreur dans l'estimation de la proportion d'eau de chaque compartiment utilisé par la végétation est de 20%. Pour de nombreuses applications hydrologiques, c'est une erreur acceptable. C'est aussi la première étude qui tente d'estimer les erreurs inhérentes à la méthode isotopique. (Résumé d'auteur)

Published
1996

48. Field validation of isotopic procedures for determining sources of water used by plants in a semi-arid environment

Author

Brunel, Jean-Pierre, Walker, G.R., and Kennett-Smith, A.K.

Subjects
EVAPOTRANSPIRATION, COUVERT VEGETAL, ISOTOPE, EAU DU SOL, ERREUR, PLANTE, MODELISATION, METHODOLOGIE, RELATION SOL EAU PLANTE
Abstract

Methods for using stable isotopes of water (2H, 18O) for determining the sources of water transpired by plants in a semi- arid field situation are validated. A comparison of the isotopic composition of the soil water in zones of high soil water potential (and hence high plant water availability) with that in plants shows that the overall approach is subject to a randomly distributed error of 5% in 2H isotopic composition with no indication of any bias. This includes errors involved in the extraction of water from plants and soil, in spatial heterogeneity in soil profiles, in heterogeneity within plant canopies, in the time of travel of water through the plant, and in assumptions about fractionation of isotopes during water uptake by plants. These errors are generally smaller than natural variations of isotope, thus allowing the isotopic method to be used. Similarly, an estimate for the error in 18O is 1%. A compartmental model was used to quantify errors associated with an inversion model using isotopic data of water coming from two soil layers. The error in the estimation of the fraction of water taken from each compartment was 20%. For many hydrological purposes, this error is acceptable. This is the first study estimating the errors associated with the method.

Published
1995

49. The rush to refinance.

Author

Smith, A.K.

Subjects
*MORTGAGES
Abstract

Reports that it is not too late to take advantage of fallen mortgage rates, and provides a questions and answers guide to help clear a path through the refinancing jungle. The length of time advisable to wait to refinance; The qualifications for the perfect refinancing candidate; How to know if refinancing is necessary; What the tax angle has to do with refinancing; More. INSET: How refinancing might save you almost $100,000..

Published
1992

50. A market gone wild.

Author

Egan, J. and Smith, A.K.

Subjects
*SUCCESS
Abstract

Discusses how more savers have swallowed hard and become investors lately, and gives advice for both. Evidence suggests that investors might want to be a bit cautious--and that savers might want to think somewhat more like investors. The recent explosive rally at the Dow; An investing strategy; A saving strategy; Rates keep dropping while the market jumps; A look at past certificates; Max out your earnings. INSET: Where returns are highest (salvation for savers)..

Published
1992

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results