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This paper focuses on the development of a short training curriculum for tertiary level education that can horizontally cover the Electric Vehicle technology in a manner understandable and attractive to students of appropriate background. The training program is divided into four groups of technical topics, the extend of which is balanced with regards to the learning outcomes and the teaching time provided. The blended teaching nature is supported by theoretical online lectures, synchronous and asynchronous, a great number of laboratory courses to enhance knowledge assimilation and a medium size project divided into two parts for the students to delve into the engineering way of thinking through a problem based learning approach. In the first part, the students exploited the Augmented Reality technology in order to describe the electric powertrain of small scale electric vehicles after having troubleshooting them. Their work and findings were utilized for the preparation of a scientific paper in the second part of the project. The training program was completed by a short industrial internship. The transferability of the training program is discussed in the last section of the paper.

This paper focuses on the development of a short training curriculum for tertiary level education that can horizontally cover the Electric Vehicle technology in a manner understandable and attractive to students of appropriate background. The training program is divided into four groups of technical topics, the extend of which is balanced with regards to the learning outcomes and the teaching time provided. The blended teaching nature is supported by theoretical online lectures, synchronous and asynchronous, a great number of laboratory courses to enhance knowledge assimilation and a medium size project divided into two parts for the students to delve into the engineering way of thinking through a problem based learning approach. In the first part, the students exploited the Augmented Reality technology in order to describe the electric powertrain of small scale electric vehicles after having troubleshooting them. Their work and findings were utilized for the preparation of a scientific paper in the second part of the project. The training program was completed by a short industrial internship. The transferability of the training program is discussed in the last section of the paper. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Biofuels are the most essential types of alternative fuels, which currently have significant potential to reduce CO2 emissions compared to fossil fuels. Methanol is a more efficient fuel than petrol due to its physicochemical properties, such as a higher latent heat of vaporization, research octane number, and heat of combustion of the fuel–air mixture. Also, biomethanol is cheaper than traditional petrol and diesel fuel for agricultural countries. The authors have proposed a new approach to improve the characteristics and efficiency of methanol diesel engines by using biomethanol mixed with hydrogen instead of pure biomethanol. Using a hydrogen–biomethanol mixture in modern engines is an effective method because hydrogen is a carbon-free, low-ignition, highest-flame-rate, high-octane fuel. A small quantity of hydrogen added to biomethanol and its combustion in an engine with a heat exchanger increases the combustion temperature and heat release, increases engine power, and reduces fuel consumption. This article presents experimental results of methanol combustion and a hydrogen-in-methanol mixture if hydrogen was retained due to the utilization of the heat of the exhaust gases. The tests were carried on a single-cylinder experimental engine with an injection of liquid methanol and gaseous hydrogen mixtures. The experiments showed that green hydrogen generated onboard the car due to the utilization of heat significantly reduced fuel costs of engines of vehicles and technological installations. It was established a hydrogen gaseous mixture addition of up to 5% by mass to methanol requires a corresponding change in the coefficient of excess air to λ = 1.25. Also, using an additional hydrogen mixture requires adjustment at the ignition moment in the direction of its decrease by 4–5 degrees of the engine crankshaft. Hydrogen gas mixture addition reduced methanol consumption, reaching a maximum reduction of 24%. The maximum increase in power was 30.5% based on experimental data. The reduction in the specified fuel consumption, obtained after experimental tests of the methanol research engine on the stand, can be implemented on the vehicle engines and technological installations equipped with an onboard heat recovery system. Such a system, due to the utilization of heat and the supply of additional hydrogen, can be implemented for engines that work on any alternative or traditional fuels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of the study was to determine impact of commercially available hydrotreated vegetable oil (HVO) and its mixture (HVO5, where 5% (v/v) HVO and 95% (v/v) FDD) with diesel fuel (FDD) on the power, torque, fuel consumption, and exhaust gas composition of an atmospheric internal combustion diesel engine used in off-road applications. Diesel fuel was used as the comparative fuel. Testing was realized in a full-load mode on the KOHLER KDI 1903 M 3-cylinder diesel engine on a SIERRA CP-Engineering engine test bench. The AVL SESAM FTIR exhaust gas analytical system was used to determine exhaust gas emissions, while the AVL KMA Mobile fuel consumption measuring device was used to measure fuel consumption. Research showed that the lowest power and torque readings were obtained with FDD, while HVO showed a slightly higher result compared to the fossil diesel fuel. At the same time, the highest hourly fuel consumption was observed running on HVO5, while the lowest was observed with FDD. Increases in carbon monoxide (CO), carbon dioxide (CO2), and nitrogen oxide (NOx) emissions were observed for HVO5 compared to those of FDD. The CO content in emissions increased by an average of 3.0% using HVO and by an average of 36% using HVO5, but the NOx content in the emissions increased by an average of 3.0% using HVO and by an average of 8.8% using HVO5. The reduction by an average of 60% using HVO in emissions was found in the case of hydrocarbons (HC). Research confirmed that the physicochemical properties of HVO could leave an impact on the main engine performance parameters and exhaust emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The paper presents the results of experimental research of two low level bioethanol-gasoline blends E5 (5% bioethanol, 95% gasoline) and E10 (10% bioethanol, 90% gasoline) tested on Toyota Corolla vehicle on chassis dynamometer. The analysis of obtained results has showed that the increase of engine power and fuel consumption is slightly higher for both blends compared to gasoline, showing better perspectives for E5 than E10. Emission tests have shown increase of CO2 and NOx emissions for all mentioned fuels and testing conditions, as also decrease of CO and HC. The addition of bioethanol has left a positive impact on unregulated emissions, showing better reduction than for regulated emissions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]