40 results on '"Small-sided game"'
Search Results
2. Acceleration and deceleration demands during training sessions in football: a systematic review.
- Author
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Silva, Hugo, Nakamura, Fábio Yuzo, Beato, Marco, and Marcelino, Rui
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FOOTBALL training ,ACCELERATION (Mechanics) ,GLOBAL Positioning System ,SCIENTIFIC knowledge ,EXERCISE therapy - Abstract
The aim of this review is to summarize the current scientific knowledge about acceleration and deceleration demands during football training. A systematic search of three electronic databases (PubMed, SPORTDiscus, Web of Science) was performed to identify peer-reviewed relevant English-language articles, following PRISMA guidelines. All acceleration and deceleration data were analyzed and organized into four categories: i) training drills variables (i.e. manipulated drills variables such as number of players in small-sided games), ii) training exercises (i.e. different drills such small games or circuit training), iii) players' positions (i.e. demands for each playing position) and iv) training schedule (i.e. training sessions presented as microcycles, season sections or full season). Full-text articles of 42 studies were included in the final analysis. Players' level included: amateur, youth, semi-professional, professional and elite players. All playing positions were considered, including goalkeepers. Six different global position systems brands were used, with the majority measuring data at 10 Hz. Different thresholds and intensities were used in several papers. Lower acceleration and deceleration intensities occurred more often than higher intensities in all four categories. Different exercises elicit different demands and small-sided games presented higher acceleration and deceleration demands than circuit training and other running based drills. Furthermore, manipulating drills variables, as reducing or increasing number of players in small-sided games increase or decrease demands, respectively. Additionally, wide playing positions, such as fullbacks, are generally exposed to higher acceleration and deceleration demands. From a planning point of view, acceleration and deceleration demands decrease as match day approaches. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2023
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- View/download PDF
3. Effects of Limiting the Number of Ball Touches on Physical and Technical Performance of the Junior Football Players during Small-sided Game
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Namyong Kim, Sewon Lee, and Kyeongho Byun
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football ,small-sided game ,limiting the number of ball touches ,physical performance ,technical performance ,Nutrition. Foods and food supply ,TX341-641 ,Biochemistry ,QD415-436 - Abstract
PURPOSE We aimed to examine the effects of limiting the number of ball touches on the physical and technical performances of junior football players during small-sided games (SSGs), which are widely used to improve football-specific physical and technical performances. METHODS Nineteen middle-school football players participated in the study and took a pretest for their physical and technical skills to be evaluated before the main experiment. During the SSG, to balance teams according to the players’ levels of physical fitness and skill, we selected players with the highest to lowest total scores and organized them in an ABBA order. Ten players who obtained the highest scores participated in the SSG once a week for 5 weeks under the limitation of a certain number of ball touches (one, two, three, four, or free touches). Players could only play with a set number of touches. Each SSG consisted of 4-min sets with 4-min breaks after each set on a pitch with a goal. RESULTS As the number of possible touches increased, the total distance and average speed of the players increased, and the distance ratio covered by running (over 13 km/h), but not walking or jogging, also increased. Regarding technical factors, as the number of touches a player could make increased, the number of passes decreased, whereas the rates of dribbles and defensive tackles increased. CONCLUSIONS As the number of ball touches increased during the SSG, the young players covered a greater distance with a higher speed, unlike professional players, and the frequency of skills mostly used, such as passing and dribbling during the SSG, showed different results.
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- 2023
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4. Comparing semi-professional and amateur game contexts in a Gk+4 vs. 4+Gk via Football Competence (Procedural Tactical Knowledge).
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Sánchez-López, Rubén, Echeazarra, Ibon, and Castellano, Julen
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PSYCHOLOGICAL feedback ,SOCCER ,DECISION making ,SPORTS teams ,BONFERRONI correction ,COMPARATIVE studies ,TEAM sports ,ERROR rates - Abstract
Copyright of Retos: Nuevas Perspectivas de Educación Física, Deporte y Recreación is the property of Federacion Espanola de Asociaciones de Docentes de Educacion Fisica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2023
5. Designing a small-sided game to elicit attacking tactical behaviour in professional rugby union forwards.
- Author
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Zanin, Marco, Azzalini, Adelchi, Ranaweera, Jayamini, Till, Kevin, Darrall-Jones, Joshua, and Roe, Gregory
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PROFESSIONAL sports , *CONFIDENCE intervals , *GAMES , *HUMAN multitasking , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *ACQUISITION of data , *TASK performance , *PHYSICAL fitness , *RUGBY football , *COMPARATIVE studies , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *ATHLETIC ability , *GROUND reaction forces (Biomechanics) , *HEALTH promotion - Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the consistency of attacking tactical and technical behaviour, and physical characteristics, over multiple bouts, and variability across days, of a specific rugby union forwards small-sided game (SSG). Data was collected from 21 professional rugby union forwards during four training sessions. The SSG, consisting of five bouts of work (150-s) interspersed by passive recovery (75-s), aimed to elicit specific attacking tactical behaviour. Tactical behaviour (i.e., regularity of attacking shape [entropy]), and technical (e.g., passes) and physical (e.g., total distance) characteristics were quantified. Results showed that technical characteristics remained consistent, whereas the regularity of width of the attacking shape and two physical characteristics (i.e., total distance, training impulse) varied across bouts. However, these effects had limited practical significance. Technical characteristics were consistent across days, but minimal variability was observed for tactical behaviour and physical characteristics, as shown by their small random effects with 95% profile likelihood confidence intervals (PLCI) including zero (e.g., SD[95%PLCI] = 0.03[0.00, 0.06]). Consequently, consistency of stimulus over bouts and days is achievable for the majority of the variables investigated, thus supporting the use of SSG to elicit consistent attacking behaviour, but also technical and physical characteristics in rugby union forwards. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
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- 2022
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6. Quantifying internal workload during training drills in handball players: comparison between heart rate and perceived exertion based methods.
- Author
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Ravier, Gilles
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RATE of perceived exertion ,HANDBALL players ,PEARSON correlation (Statistics) ,SPORTS teams ,TEAM sports - Abstract
Copyright of Movement & Sport Sciences / Science & Motricité is the property of EDP Sciences and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
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- View/download PDF
7. تاثیر ترکیبی رویکرد آموزش افتراقی و دستورالعملهای توجهی بر خالقیت حرکتی.
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سارا افتاده, عباس بهرام, رسول یاعلی, and رهاد قدیری
- Abstract
Copyright of Journal of Sport Psychology (2676-3729) is the property of Shahid Beheshti University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2022
8. A systematic review of small sided games within rugby: Acute and chronic effects of constraints manipulation.
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Zanin, Marco, Ranaweera, Jayamini, Darrall-Jones, Joshua, Weaving, Dan, Till, Kevin, and Roe, Gregory
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STATISTICS , *SYSTEMATIC reviews , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *EXERCISE physiology , *SPORTS , *HEALTH outcome assessment , *RUGBY football , *PHYSIOLOGICAL adaptation , *MANIPULATION therapy , *QUALITY assurance , *DESCRIPTIVE statistics , *MEDLINE , *INFORMATION storage & retrieval systems , *ATHLETIC ability - Abstract
Small-sided games is a commonly used training method to develop technical, tactical and physical qualities concurrently. However, a review of small-sided games in rugby football codes (e.g. rugby union, rugby league) is not available. This systematic review aims to investigate the acute responses and chronic adaptations of small-sided games within rugby football codes considering the constraints applied. Four electronical databases were systematically searched until August 2020. Acute and chronic studies investigating rugby football codes small-sided games, with healthy amateur and professional athletes were included. Twenty studies were eventually included: 4 acute and 1 chronic in rugby union, 13 acute and 2 chronic in rugby league. Acute studies investigated task and individual constraints. Chronic studies showed that small-sided games would be an effective training method to improve physical performance. Current research in rugby football codes is heavily biased towards investigating how manipulating constraints can affect the physical characteristics of small-sided games, with limited literature investigating the effect on technical skills, and no studies investigating tactical behaviour. Future research is needed to evidence the effects of constraint manipulation on technical and tactical behaviour of rugby football players in small-sided games, in addition to physical characteristics. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2021
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9. Influence of different 1v1 small-sided game conditions in internal and external load of U-15 and U-12 soccer players.
- Author
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JORGE SANTOS, FERNANDO, CALDEIRA FERREIRA, CĂTIA, PALMIRA FIGUEIREDO, TERESA, and ESPADA, MĂRIO CUNHA
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SOCCER players ,MANN Whitney U Test ,SPORTS teams ,TEAM sports - Abstract
Introduction. Soccer is a complex team sport, in which moments of 1v1 during the game may decide the outcome. Despite this evidence, studies on this particularity are scarce, particularly involving young players. Aim of Study. The purpose of this study was to evaluate variations of internal and external loads in U-15 and U-12 soccer players associated to different smallsided game (SSG) conditions, in the 1v1 context. Material and Methods. Eight male soccer players participated in the study, integrating two groups, U-15 (n = 4) and U-12 (n = 4), monitored in different SSG models (2 minutes duration / 3 minutes interval rest, different pitch size SSG1 = 5 Ã--10 m; SSG2 = 10 Ã--15 m; SSG3 = 15 Ã--20 m). Soccer players carried GPS devices (WIMU PROTM, RealTrack System, Almería, Spain) operating at a sampling frequency of 10 Hz. The Mann-Whitney U test was used to compare groups in each SSG and the Kruskal-FWallis test was applied to compare the different SSGs. The significance level was adopted at p < 0.05. Results. Differences between the groups were observed mostly in HR
mean and HR95-max . The distance covered (different between the groups, SSG1 197.7 ± ± 14.0 vs 162.3 ± 9.0 and SSG3 261.4 ± 10.6 vs 217.1 ± 27.4, respectively, for U-15 and U-12) and maximal velocity always increased with the increase of the pitch size. Explosive distance and accelerations were also different between the groups in SSG1 and SSG2, respectively. Differences throughout the SSGs were mainly recorded in terms of external load. Conclusions. This research suggests that the implemented 1v1 SSG model is relevant from the internal and external load perspective. Nevertheless, the internal and external loads in U-15 and U-12 soccer players present differences and specificities, which should be considered in exercise prescription and individualized evaluation of young soccer players. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2021
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10. Effects of manipulating player numbers on technical and physical performances participating in an Australian football small-sided game.
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Bonney, Nathan, Ball, Kevin, Berry, Jason, and Larkin, Paul
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AUSTRALIAN football players , *SPORTS competitions , *AUSTRALIAN football , *ATHLETIC ability , *MOTOR ability , *RUNNING , *SPORTS events , *PHYSICAL training & conditioning , *BODY movement - Abstract
In Australian Football (AF), small-sided games (SSGs) are used extensively to replicate particular technical, tactical or physiological responses. Whilst research on SSGs has been extensive in soccer, in AF it has been limited to agility demands and exploring the effect of field dimensions on technical skill (i.e., handballing) and physical responses of senior athletes. Therefore, this study investigated the effect of four different SSG player number conditions (5v5, 5v6, 6v6, 7v7) on the technical (e.g., kicking) and physical (i.e., odometer, m-min−1, max velocity and percentage of high intensity running) performance outcomes in 22 sub-elite youth AF players. Particular constraints were applied to the SSG to ensure the focus was on kicking (i.e., after each handball a kick must be performed). The results of this study demonstrate when more technical events are required under more pressured situations (i.e., physical and time) the 5v6 condition appears to be most appropriate. However, when the focus is on kicking to a contested possession (i.e., kicking to leading or covered players) balanced player numbers (e.g., 6v6) would appear optimal. Alternatively, when the SSG focus is on increasing physiological demands (i.e., m.min−1) lower player density conditions (i.e., 5v5) appear more suitable. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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11. Can match play kicking and physical performance outcomes be replicated in an Australian football small-sided game?
- Author
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Bonney, Nathan, Berry, Jason, Ball, Kevin, and Larkin, Paul
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AUSTRALIAN football ,ACTIVE learning ,DECISION making ,GLOBAL Positioning System ,FOOTBALL coaches - Abstract
Introduction: This study investigated if the technical and physical match performance outcomes can be replicated in a 5v6 small-sided game (SSG). Methods: Sixteen youth Australian Football (AF) players (mean ± SD; age 16.5 ± 1.0 years, height 179.1 ± 8.0 cm, weight 69.5 ± 9.5 kg) were randomly recruited. Participants were assessed in the SSG during the week prior to the assessed match play. The technical variables assessed were kicking proficiency, number of kicks executed and the amount of time each player had with the ball before kick execution (i.e., under 2s, 2-4s, over 4s). The physical variables assessed were odometer, meters travelled per minute, maximum velocity and percentage of high intensity running. Results: The results suggest kicking proficiency, the number of kicks executed, meters travelled per minute and percentage of high intensity running were all higher in the SSG than during match play. Furthermore, the SSG had less technical variability in comparison to match play. During match play, players had less time affordance to execute a kick and achieved higher maximum running velocities than during the SSG. Conclusion: This research provides coaches with greater insights into the technical and physical performance demands of match play. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
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12. Selecting Training-Load Measures to Explain Variability in Football Training Games
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Unai Zurutuza, Julen Castellano, Ibon Echeazarra, Ibai Guridi, and David Casamichana
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team sport ,time motion ,heart rate ,small-sided game ,principal component analysis ,Psychology ,BF1-990 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of interrelationships among external (eT) and internal (iT) training intensity metrics and how these vary depending on game format in soccer. The variables were collected from 16 semi-professional players in seven types of small, medium, large-sided, and simulated games (SG). The eT variables were (per min): peak velocity (Vmax), total distance (DTmin), distance covered at velocities less than 60% (D < 60%min), between 60 and 80% (D > 60%min), and more than 80% (D > 80%min) of the maximal velocity, player load (PLmin), and distance covered accelerating at more than 2 m⋅s-2 (Daccmin) and decelerating at less than −2 m⋅s-2 (Ddecmin). The iT variables were: Edwards arbitrary units (EDWmin) and time spent at more than 80% of the maximal heart rate (T > 80% HRmin). All game formats were represented by three principal components (PC), explaining from 66.9 to 76.0% of the variance. The structure of the interrelationships among variables involved similar distributions in the PCs that are related to energetic production systems, such as the strength/neuromuscular dimension (PLmin and/or Daccmin and Ddecmin, complemented by DTmin and D < 60%min), the endurance/cardiovascular dimension (EDWmin), and the velocity/locomotion dimension (Vmax, D > 60%min, or D > 80%min). A particular combination of external and internal intensity measures is required to describe the training load of game formats.
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- 2020
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13. Selecting Training-Load Measures to Explain Variability in Football Training Games.
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Zurutuza, Unai, Castellano, Julen, Echeazarra, Ibon, Guridi, Ibai, and Casamichana, David
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FOOTBALL training ,SOCCER ,HEART beat - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to investigate the structure of interrelationships among external (eT) and internal (iT) training intensity metrics and how these vary depending on game format in soccer. The variables were collected from 16 semi-professional players in seven types of small, medium, large-sided, and simulated games (SG). The eT variables were (per min): peak velocity (V max), total distance (DTmin), distance covered at velocities less than 60% (D < 60%min), between 60 and 80% (D > 60%min), and more than 80% (D > 80%min) of the maximal velocity, player load (PLmin), and distance covered accelerating at more than 2 m⋅s-2 (Daccmin) and decelerating at less than −2 m⋅s-2 (Ddecmin). The iT variables were: Edwards arbitrary units (EDWmin) and time spent at more than 80% of the maximal heart rate (T > 80% HRmin). All game formats were represented by three principal components (PC), explaining from 66.9 to 76.0% of the variance. The structure of the interrelationships among variables involved similar distributions in the PCs that are related to energetic production systems, such as the strength/neuromuscular dimension (PLmin and/or Daccmin and Ddecmin, complemented by DTmin and D < 60%min), the endurance/cardiovascular dimension (EDWmin), and the velocity/locomotion dimension (V max, D > 60%min, or D > 80%min). A particular combination of external and internal intensity measures is required to describe the training load of game formats. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
14. Validity and reliability of an Australian football small-sided game to assess kicking proficiency.
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Bonney, Nathan, Berry, Jason, Ball, Kevin, and Larkin, Paul
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ATHLETIC ability , *FOOTBALL , *BODY movement ,RESEARCH evaluation - Abstract
In Australian Football (AF), small sided games have been used extensively as an alternative training method for technical and physical adaptations. Considering their application to AF, it is surprising a valid and reliable small-sided game kicking assessment remains absent. Therefore, the aim of this study was to develop a valid and reliable 5v6 Australian football small-sided game kicking proficiency assessment. Youth male AF players (n = 145) from different stages within the AF talent pathway were recruited. Validity (i.e., logical and construct) and reliability (i.e., test re-test) were assessed. The largest kicking proficiency difference was between U13 and U16 players and between novice and sub-elite players. Between the ages of U16 and U18 kicking proficiency appears to stabilise. The Australian football small-sided kicking assessment was 97% successful in identifying players as either novice or sub-elite. Larger physical performance (i.e., odometer, m/min−1 and %HIR) outputs were noted between U14 and U18 players and novice and sub-elite players. Collectively, these findings suggest the Australian football small-sided kicking assessment is a valid and reliable AF kicking proficiency assessment tool and may provide worthwhile information to coaches regarding kicking performance along the AFL pathway, to profile player strengths whilst identifying specific areas of improvement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
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15. Motor ability development by integrating small-sided games into physical education class.
- Author
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Li QZ, Fang Q, Zhao XT, and Peng W
- Abstract
Competing Interests: The authors declare that the research was conducted in the absence of any commercial or financial relationships that could be construed as a potential conflict of interest.
- Published
- 2024
- Full Text
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16. FINDING EFFICIENT STRATEGIES IN 3-VERSUS-2 SMALLSIDED GAMES OF YOUTH SOCCER PLAYERS.
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Leser, Roland, Hoch, Thomas, Xiaoying Tan, Moser, Bernhard, Kellermayr, Gernot, and Baca, Arnold
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SOCCER techniques , *SOCCER players , *SPORTS for youth , *MOTOR ability in youth , *MACHINE learning , *ARTIFICIAL intelligence - Abstract
Most existing game analysis attempts do not consider situational context information sufficiently for the assessments of tactical behaviour. The purpose of this case study was to apply a new analysis approach, so far only used for 1-versus-1 analyses in soccer, to small-sided games and to identify and analyse therewith the efficiency of tactical patterns in 3-versus-2 game play. Therefore, 279 games, performed by an elite youth soccer team, were recorded by video and a position tracking system. The data was processed by the new approach, including unsupervised machine learning routines and artificial intelligence methods. Two crucial moments were used to analyse the occurring tactical patterns for the specific game: T0 (time instant of the shot) and T1 (time instant of the last action before the shot). For both moments typical tactical patterns, considering the spatio-temporal context of the situations, were found. By combining the patterns of both moments, hidden tactical strategies were identified and their efficiencies calculated. The most significant result is that offence attempts have the highest scoring probability when played via the wings near to the goal line and the final pass, before the shot, is given against the playing direction into the centre of the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2019
- Full Text
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17. EL USO DE LOS IMPULSOS DE ENTRENAMIENTO (TRIMPS) PARA CUANTIFICAR LA CARGA DE ENTRENAMIENTO EN SITUACIONES REDUCIDAS EN BALONMANO [The use of TRIMPS to quantify training load in small-sided games in handball]
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Manuel Alejandro Ortega-Becerra, José Antonio Asián-Clemente, and Carlos López-Adarve
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Carga interna ,frecuencia cardíaca ,juego reducido ,Internal load ,heart rate ,small-sided game ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Recreation. Leisure ,GV1-1860 ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 - Abstract
El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la carga interna que supone la utilización mediante un parámetro único que engloba los dos componentes básicos de la carga de entrenamiento, volumen, en forma de minutos, e intensidad que a través del porcentaje de la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) como exigencia fisiológica, para así determinar las exigencias físicas a las que están sometidos los jugadores de balonmano en situaciones reducidas de juego en función de la duración de la misma. Los sujetos participaron en tres formatos: un formato continuo de 8 minutos y dos formatos intermitentes fraccionados (2 periodos de 4 minutos y 4 periodos de 2 minutos) con la misma relación trabajo/descanso de recuperación pasiva entre los diferentes periodos (1:1/4). 12 jugadores (edad 22.82 ± 4.77 años) pertenecientes a un mismo equipo participaron en este estudio. Los sujetos fueron evaluados para valorar la frecuencia cardíaca en los tres formatos. Los resultados presentaron que existen diferencias significativas entre los formatos, siendo el formato continuo el que mayor valor de intensidad mostró. La evidencia sugiere que el formato continuo SSG propuesto induce mayores cargas internas (TRIMPS) en comparación con el formato SSG intermitente. Abstract The aim of this study was to examine the internal load of use by a single parameter which includes the two basic components of the training load, volume, in the form of minutes, and intensity by the percentage of heart rate (HR), to determine the physical stresses to which are subject the reduced handball players in small-sided games. Subjects participated in three formats: a continuous format 8 minutes and 2 formats fractionated (2 periods of 4 minutes and 4 periods of 2 minutes) with the same ratio of work / rest of passive recovery between different periods (1: 1 /4). 12 male players (age 22.82 ± 4.77 years) belonging to the same team in the league participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated to assess the heart rate in the three formats. The results showed significant differences between formats, with the biggest beneficiary to continuous format, which seems the most appropriate format to meet the demands of handball. Evidence suggests that continuous format SSG induce greater internal loads in players compared to intermittent SSG format and that should help coaches to establish a better distribution of play according to their objectives.
- Published
- 2016
18. The use of TRIMPS to quantify training load in small-sided games in handball
- Author
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Manuel Alejandro Ortega-Becerra, José Antonio Asián-Clemente, and Carlos López-Adarve
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carga interna ,frecuencia cardíaca ,juego reducido ,internal load ,heart rate ,small-sided game ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Recreation. Leisure ,GV1-1860 ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 - Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the internal load of use by a single parameter which includes the two basic components of the training load, volume, in the form of minutes, and intensity by the percentage of heart rate (HR), to determine the physical stresses to which are subject the reduced handball players in small-sided games. Subjects participated in three formats: a continuous format 8 minutes and 2 formats fractionated (2 periods of 4 minutes and 4 periods of 2 minutes) with the same ratio of work / rest of passive recovery between different periods (1: 1 /4). 12 male players (age 22.82 ± 4.77 years) belonging to the same team in the league participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated to assess the heart rate in the three formats. The results showed significant differences between formats, with the biggest beneficiary to continuous format, which seems the most appropriate format to meet the demands of handball. Evidence suggests that continuous format SSG induce greater internal loads in players compared to intermittent SSG format and that should help coaches to establish a better distribution of play according to their objectives.
- Published
- 2016
19. Effects of recreational soccer on physical fitness and health indices in sedentary healthy and unhealthy subjects
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A Hammami, K Chamari, M Slimani, RJ Shephard, N Yousfi, Z Tabka, and E Bouhlel
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Football ,Recreational ,Soccer ,Small-sided game ,Heart rate ,Blood pressure ,Sports medicine ,RC1200-1245 ,Biology (General) ,QH301-705.5 - Abstract
Recreational soccer (RS) is becoming a popular alternative to the classical continuous exercise mode used for the improvement of cardiovascular and metabolic fitness in untrained people. The objective of this paper was to conduct a detailed systematic review of the literature, identifying the physiological responses to RS and the training effects of RS on aerobic fitness and health in untrained healthy individuals and clinical patients. PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases were searched using terms related to recreational soccer. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) that assessed acute physiological responses to RS or the training effects of RS on physical fitness and health in sedentary, untrained subjects of any age or health status. All studies were assessed for methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria; seven examined the acute response to RS, and 28 assessed training effects. Clear evidence was found that RS had positive effects on many health-related indices and variables, including VO2max (gains of 7-16%), blood pressure (reductions of 6-13 mmHg), body composition (decreased fat mass and improved indices of bone health), and metabolic and cardiac function. These positive effects were observed in both healthy individuals and clinical patients, irrespective of age or sex. Although this review provides clear evidence of the positive effects of RS on health, most studies had limitations of methodology (an average PEDro score < 6). Furthermore, many of the training studies were from a small number of research groups. Future studies should be extended to other countries and institutions to ensure generality of the results. Regular RS training leads to significant cardiovascular and muscular adaptations and gains of health both in sedentary individuals and clinical patients at all ages, suggesting that RS is a potentially highly motivational method to enhance population health.
- Published
- 2016
20. The Effect of Instruction of Basic Football Techniques on Perceptual-Cognitive Skills in the Field: Emphasizing on Observational and Implicit Learning
- Author
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Parvaneh Alavinamvar, Mohamad Vaez Mmousavi, and Mehdi Namazizadeh
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retention ,LC8-6691 ,small-sided game ,education ,acquisition ,anticipation ,decision-making ,Special aspects of education ,Education - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of learning some basic soccer techniques on perceptual- cognitive skills on the field. Fifty-eight female participants including 45 students of Azad University of Tabriz branch and 13 skilled soccer club players with a mean age of 22. 30 ± 3.08 years old were selected based on the inclusion criteria and then, were purposefully assigned to five groups [cognitive (near) cognitive (far), control and skilled]. The research method was quasi-experimental studies and its design was pretest-retention. First, a field test was performed on all groups. Then, the acquisition phase for the field group and the practice for the laboratory groups began and finally, after a week, a retention test was performed on the groups. Multivariate analysis of variance test was performed to analyze the data using SPSS 21. The level of anticipation and decision-making skills in the field environment in the motor group and the skilled group was significantly higher than the two groups of laboratory tasks. The results of analysis of covariance revealed that the effect of the group was significant at the level of 99% probability (F (53. 4)) = 12. 77. P = 0.001. Eta coefficient = 50). It seems that, practicing basic skills in combination with observational learning leads to a double engagement of the problem-solving process and improves anticipation and decision-making skills
- Published
- 2021
21. EFFECTS OF SMALL-SIDED GAMES AND CONVENTIONAL AEROBIC INTERVAL TRAINING ON VARIOUS PHYSIOLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS AND DEFENSIVE AND OFFENSIVE SKILLS USED IN SOCCER.
- Author
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Özcan, İlker, Eniseler, Niyazi, and Şahan, Çağatay
- Subjects
- *
ATHLETIC ability , *OFFENSE (Soccer) , *DEFENSE (Soccer) , *SOCCER techniques , *SOCCER training - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of small-sided game training (SSGT) versus conventional aerobic interval training (CAIT) on soccer-specific endurance performance, lactate threshold levels (mmol·L-1), short-passing ability and defensive and offensive skills of a soccer match. Before and after a 6-week training intervention period, eighteen amateur soccer players (age 21.8±4.8 years) were tested. The tests included the anaerobic threshold (AnT) test, the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1), and the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). A manual notational match analysis system was utilized to evaluate the defensive and offensive skills of players during the matches. Both the SSGT and CAIT were performed two days a week and consisted of five sets of 6-minute periods of work at the individualized exercise intensity corresponding to the individual anaerobic threshold, with 3-minute recovery periods between sets. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to examine the between- and within-group differences, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed that the SSGT group players exhibited significantly better in terms of the LSPT scores (p<.01) and the number of defensive and offensive skills (p<.05). However, no other significant differences in the other variables were observed (p>.05). The results of the study suggested that SSGT improved short-passing ability, various soccer skills and physiological parameters, while CAIT only improved physiological parameters. SSGT improves soccer-specific endurance and technical ability of players at the same time, meaning it is a time efficient way of training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
22. Effect of small sided handball game on aerobic capacity and repeated sprint ability of male handball players
- Author
-
Balasubramanian Chıttıbabu
- Subjects
aerobic capacity ,fatigue index ,handball ,small-sided game ,university. ,Sports medicine ,RC1200-1245 - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of four and eight weeks small-sided handball game on aerobic capacity and repeated sprint ability of male handball players. Sixteen (16) male university handball players volunteered to act as subjects and were randomly assigned to small-sided handball game group (SSHG) and control group (CG). Small-sided handball game was administered three days in a week for eight weeks. Subjects were measured on aerobic capacity, total sprint time and fatigue index on three occasions first before administration of training as pre-test, after four weeks of training as mid test and after eight weeks of training as post-test. A two-way repeated measure ANOVA with last factor repeated revealed that aerobic capacity, total sprint time and fatigue index improved (p lt;0.05). Aerobic capacity showed an improvement of 4.75% after four weeks and 8.83% % after eight weeks of small-sided handball game training in male handball players. Similarly, total sprint time and fatigue index also decreased 4.19% and 34.9 % only after eight weeks of training but after four weeks no changes is observed. This study shows that small-sided handball game (4 vs. 4) is effective in improving aerobic capacity in four and eight weeks of training but total sprint time and fatigue index elicited changes only after eight weeks.
- Published
- 2014
23. Efectos de un entrenamiento con juegos reducidos sobre la técnica y la condición física de jóvenes futbolistas. [Effects of small-sided games training on technique and physical condition of young footballers].
- Author
-
Javier Sánchez-Sánchez, José M. Yagüe, Roberto C. Fernández, and Cristina Petisco
- Subjects
soccer learning ,technique ,physical-fitness ,small-sided game ,Geography. Anthropology. Recreation ,Recreation. Leisure ,GV1-1860 ,Sports ,GV557-1198.995 - Abstract
For years soccer training programs were not specific, and improve technical and analytical exercises were used physical and athletic. The objective of the study was to assess the effects of a training program with small-sided games, over the technique and the physical condition in young footballers. Thirty-six players (12,69±0,48 years old; 39,77±6,20 kg; 146,31±6,36 cm) developed fifteen sessions based on reduced football games (2 vs 2, 4 vs 4 and 8 vs 8). These activities lasted 40 minutes of the session and were performed 2 times a week. The footballer was evaluated twice (pre-test and post-test) through 8 field test: run with the ball, run with the ball and turn, dribbling, header, shot on goal, aerobic resistance, horizontal jump and agility. The statistical analysis by Student's t test reflected significant improvements in driving and dribbling (p≤0,01). Respect to physical variables there were significant improvements in agility and resistance (p≤0,05). The small-sided games are an effective stimulus to improve the execution of certain technical gestures and elements of the physical condition in young players. Use small-sided game can make your time and increase the specificity of the intervention.
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Comparación de las demandas físicas en jugadores de fútbol sub13 y sub14 en un 7:7 disputado en diferentes dimensiones.
- Author
-
Castellano, Julen, Echeazarra, Ibon, and Estéfano, Iban
- Abstract
Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Comparison of Psychophysiological Responses in Game Simulation and Different Training Sessions in Female Futsal Athletes.
- Author
-
Barth, Jonathan, Ribeiro, Yuri Salenave, Picanço, Luan Merseburger, and Del Vecchio, Fabrício Boscolo
- Subjects
INDOOR soccer ,TRAINING of women athletes ,PSYCHOPHYSIOLOGY ,HEART beat ,COMPARATIVE studies - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to compare the different modes to quantifying the training load in small-sided game (SSG), repeated sprint ability (RSA), and simulated match (SM). Ten female futsal players participated, which was conducted in three sessions. In all the sessions, heart rate, rating of perceived effort, and total duration of the session to calculate the training impulse (TRIMP), and internal load (IL) were recorded. Significant differences in HR max were observed between SM (196 beats·min
-1 ) and SSG (186 beats·min-1 ), and also between SM and RSA (185 beats·min-1 ). However, no differences were found in HR max. Differences were found only in IL between SSG (103 a.u) and SM (222 a.u) and also between SSG and RSA (156 a.u). The RPEBorg presented difference only between RSA (13.5 a.u) and SSG (9.5 a.u) and SM (12 a.u). The results demonstrate that sessions with SM and SSG show similar psychological and physiological responses, but lower than observed in RSA training sessions. Thus, these procedures can be employed to improve physical abilities at different periods of futsal training. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]- Published
- 2016
26. Effects of recreational soccer on physical fitness and health indices in sedentary healthy and unhealthy subjects.
- Author
-
Hammami, A., Chamari, K., Slimani, M., Shephard, R. J., Yousfi, N., Tabka, Z., and Bouhlel, E.
- Abstract
Recreational soccer (RS) is becoming a popular alternative to the classical continuous exercise mode used for the improvement of cardiovascular and metabolic fitness in untrained people. The objective of this paper was to conduct a detailed systematic review of the literature, identifying the physiological responses to RS and the training effects of RS on aerobic fitness and health in untrained healthy individuals and clinical patients. PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases were searched using terms related to recreational soccer. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) that assessed acute physiological responses to RS or the training effects of RS on physical fitness and health in sedentary, untrained subjects of any age or health status. All studies were assessed for methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria; seven examined the acute response to RS, and 28 assessed training effects. Clear evidence was found that RS had positive effects on many health-related indices and variables, including VO2max (gains of 7-16%), blood pressure (reductions of 6-13 mmHg), body composition (decreased fat mass and improved indices of bone health), and metabolic and cardiac function. These positive effects were observed in both healthy individuals and clinical patients, irrespective of age or sex. Although this review provides clear evidence of the positive effects of RS on health, most studies had limitations of methodology (an average PEDro score < 6). Furthermore, many of the training studies were from a small number of research groups. Future studies should be extended to other countries and institutions to ensure generality of the results. Regular RS training leads to significant cardiovascular and muscular adaptations and gains of health both in sedentary individuals and clinical patients at all ages, suggesting that RS is a potentially highly motivational method to enhance population health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
27. Comparación de la carga interna entre partidos amistosos y un juego condicionado en jugadores profesionales de fútbol.
- Author
-
Ángel Campos-Vázquez, Miguel, Antonio González-Jurado, José, Antonio León-Prados, Juan, Javier Toscano-Bendala, Francisco, and Suarez-Arrones, Luis
- Abstract
Copyright of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte is the property of Cultura, Ciencia y Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
28. EL USO DE LOS IMPULSOS DE ENTRENAMIENTO (TRIMPS) PARA CUANTIFICAR LA CARGA DE ENTRENAMIENTO EN SITUACIONES REDUCIDAS EN BALONMANO.
- Author
-
Ortega-Becerra, Manuel Alejandro, Asián-Clemente, José Antonio, and López-Adarve, Carlos
- Abstract
Copyright of E-balonmano.com: Journal of Sports Science / Revista de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Federacion Extremena de Balonmano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2016
29. The perforrmance effects of manipulating small-sided games in youth basketball
- Author
-
Ulčickas, Andrius and Matulaitis, Kęstutis
- Subjects
žaidimai sumažintame aikštės plote (ŽSAP) ,krepšinis ,small-sided game ,žaidimo rodikliai ,game performance ,basketball ,vidinis ir išorinis krūvis ,internal and external load - Abstract
Research aim: to quantify the performance impact of internal, external loads and game performance indicators of players during different small-sided games (SSGs) conditions. Research problem: the various physical, physiological, technical and tactical demands of different small-sided games (SSGs) conditions in youth basketball need to be properly understood. Objectives: 1. To determine and to compare the demands of external load between Regular and Modified 3 vs. 3 game formats. 2. To determine and to compare the demands of internal load between Regular and Modified 3 vs. 3 game formats. 3. To determine and to compare the technical and tactical indicators between Regular and Modified 3 vs. 3 game formats. Hypothesis: 1. Modified small-sided game conditions have a greater impact on external and internal loads demands by comparing to the Regular 3 vs. 3 game format. 2. Modified small-sided game conditions have a greater impact on technical and tactical indicators by comparing to the Regular 3 vs. 3 game format. Methods: participants of this study were 12 male players of age 10.6 ± 0.3 years from a kids-level basketball team. A total of twenty-four 3 vs. 3 basketball games were performed in four different conditions: 1) Regular; 2) Narrower; 3) Dynamic; 4) 3 vs. 2+1. All games were recorded and the variables of individual game performance were registered. External and internal loads were recorded by Global Positioning System: ClearSkyT6 (Catapult, Australia) and (Polar Team System T31-CODED, Finland). Main findings: the results showed that the players experienced the highest total player load during 3 vs. 2+1 game format, which was 203.8 ± 49.2 AU. The distance covered (%) in each speed zone was determined by comparing the obtained different speed zones during this research and the results distributed as follows: standing – 0.04%, walking – 13.5%, jogging – 50.6%, running – 29.1%, high intensity running – 6.6%, and sprinting – 0.2 %. The greatest total distance (1177.7 ± 131.3 m) was covered in Regular game format. By comparing the results of decelerations and accelerations, it was determined that youth basketball players performed almost twice more accelerations (64.4 %), compared to decelerations (35.6 %). Physiological results indicated that players have reached up to 89.7 ± 0.6 % of HRmax in Modified games and 88.8 ± 6.6 % in Regular game format. The advantages of Modified games were noticed in a majority of tactical and technical results. Conclusions: By comparing Regular and Modified games, it was found that Modified SSGs conditions had a greater impact on physiological, technical and tactical demands. Significant differences also were found in almost all categories of physical demands., Tyrimo tikslas: nustatyti žaidėjų vidinį ir išorinį krūvį skirtingų žaidimų metu, taip pat įvertinti žaidimui būdingus rodiklius tarp skirtingų žaidimų sumažintame aikštės plote (ŽSAP). Tyrimo problema: svarbu tinkamai suprasti įvairius fizinius, fiziologinius, techninius ir taktinius aspektus, susijusius su žaidimu sumažintame aikštės plote (ŽSAP), jaunųjų krepšininkų tarpe. Uždaviniai: 1. Nustatyti ir palyginti išorinio krūvio rodiklius tarp Reguliaraus ir Modifikuotų 3 prieš 3 žaidimo formatų. 2. Nustatyti ir palyginti vidinio krūvio rodiklius tarp Reguliaraus ir Modifikuotų 3 prieš 3 žaidimo formatų. 3. Nustatyti ir palyginti techninius ir taktinius rodiklius tarp Reguliaraus ir Modifikuotų 3 prieš 3 žaidimo formatų. Hipotezės: 1. Modifikuotos sumažintame aikštės plote žaidimo sąlygos turi didesnę įtaką išoriniam ir vidiniam krūviui, lyginant su Reguliariu 3 prieš 3 žaidimo formatu. 2. Modifikuotos sumažintame aikštės plote žaidimo sąlygos turi didesnę įtaką techniniams ir taktiniams veiksmams, lyginant su Reguliariu 3 prieš 3 žaidimo formatu. Metodai: tiriamąją imtį sudarė dvylika 10.6 ± 0.3 metų jaunieji krepšininkai. Iš viso buvo sužaistos dvidešimt keturios, 3 prieš 3 rungtynės, keturiuose skirtingose variacijose: 1) Reguliarus 2) Susiaurintas; 3) Dinaminis; 4) 3 prieš 2+1. Visuose žaidimuose buvo fiksuojami ir registruojami žaidimui būdingi rodikliai. Išorinis ir vidinis krūvis buvo nustatomas naudojant: ClearSkyT6 (Catapult, Australija) ir (Polar Team System T31-CODED, Suomija) įranga. Rezultatai: rezultatai parodė, kad didžiausias judėjimo krūvis (SV) buvo jaučiamas 3 prieš 2+1 žaidime 203.8 ± 49.2, SV. Taip pat buvo nustatytas įveiktas atstumas (%) skirtingose greičio zonose ir rezultatai pasiskirstė taip: stovėjimas – 0.04%, vaikščiojimas – 13.5%, mažo intensyvumo bėgimas – 50.6%, vidutinio intensyvumo bėgimas – 29.1%, didelio intensyvumo bėgimas – 6.6% ir maksimalaus intensyvumo bėgimas – 0.2 %. Didžiausias bendras įveiktas atstumas – 1177.7 ± 131.3 m., buvo nustatytas Reguliariame žaidimo formate. Lėtėjimų ir pagreitėjimų analizė parodė, kad jaunieji krepšininkai atlieka beveik dvigubai daugiau pagreitėjimų (64.4%), lyginant su lėtėjimais (35.6%). Fiziologinių rodiklių rezultatai parodė, kad žaidėjai pasiekė 89.7 ± 0.6 % nuo maksimalaus širdies darbo modifikuotuose žaidimuose ir 88.8 ± 6.6 % reguliariame žaidimo formate. Statististiškai reikšmingi skirtumai buvo nustatyti beveik visuose taktinių ir techninių rezultatų kategorijose. Išvados: lyginant Reguliarų ir Modifikuotus žaidimus nustatyta, kad Modifikuotų ŽSAP sąlygos turėjo didesnę įtaką fiziologiniams, techniniams ir taktiniams rodikliams. Reikšmingi skirtumai nustatyti beveik visose fizinių rodiklių kategorijose.
- Published
- 2021
30. Influence of different 1v1 small-sided game conditions in internal and external load of U-15 and U-12 soccer players
- Author
-
SANTOS, FERNANDO JORGE LOURENÇO DOS, Ferreira, Cátia Caldeira, Figueiredo, Teresa Palmira, and Espada, Mário Cunha
- Subjects
Small-sided game ,Internal load ,External load ,Soccer ,Young players - Abstract
Submitted by Miguel Jacinto (migueljacinto@esdrm.ipsantarem.pt) on 2021-11-11T12:02:21Z No. of bitstreams: 1 499445_Santos_Fernando_Jorge_Caldeira_Ferreira_Catia_Figu (1).pdf: 328181 bytes, checksum: 3da723ce70b92c55a12f76c539ec496b (MD5) Approved for entry into archive by Miguel Jacinto (migueljacinto@esdrm.ipsantarem.pt) on 2021-11-15T21:03:19Z (GMT) No. of bitstreams: 1 499445_Santos_Fernando_Jorge_Caldeira_Ferreira_Catia_Figu (1).pdf: 328181 bytes, checksum: 3da723ce70b92c55a12f76c539ec496b (MD5) Made available in DSpace on 2021-11-15T21:03:19Z (GMT). No. of bitstreams: 1 499445_Santos_Fernando_Jorge_Caldeira_Ferreira_Catia_Figu (1).pdf: 328181 bytes, checksum: 3da723ce70b92c55a12f76c539ec496b (MD5) Previous issue date: 2021-01-26 info:eu-repo/semantics/publishedVersion
- Published
- 2021
31. Efectos de un entrenamiento con juegos reducidos sobre la técnica y la condición física de jóvenes futbolistas.
- Author
-
Sánchez-Sánchez, Javier, Yagüe, José M., Fernández, Roberto C., and Petisco, Cristina
- Abstract
Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
32. Effects of small-sided games and conventional aerobic interval training on various physiological characteristics and defensive and offensive skills used in soccer
- Author
-
Niyazi Eniseler, Çağatay Şahan, Ilker Özcan, and Faculty of Sports Sciences, Celal Bayar University, Manisa, Turkey
- Subjects
medicine.medical_specialty ,Wilcoxon signed-rank test ,Lactate threshold ,Offensive ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,030229 sport sciences ,small-sided game ,anaerobic threshold training ,soccer skills ,short-passing ability ,Interval training ,Test (assessment) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Exercise intensity ,Physical therapy ,medicine ,Small sided games ,Psychology ,human activities ,Anaerobic exercise ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of small-sided game training (SSGT) versus conventional aerobic interval training (CAIT) on soccer-specific endurance performance, lactate threshold levels (mmol·L-1), short-passing ability and defensive and offensive skills of a soccer match. Before and after a 6-week training intervention period, eighteen amateur soccer players (age 21.8±4.8 years) were tested. The tests included the anaerobic threshold (AnT) test, the Yo-Yo Intermittent Recovery Test Level 1 (Yo-Yo IR1), and the Loughborough Soccer Passing Test (LSPT). A manual notational match analysis system was utilized to evaluate the defensive and offensive skills of players during the matches. Both the SSGT and CAIT were performed two days a week and consisted of five sets of 6-minute periods of work at the individualized exercise intensity corresponding to the individual anaerobic threshold, with 3-minute recovery periods between sets. Mann-Whitney U and Wilcoxon signed rank tests were used to examine the between-and within-group differences, respectively. Statistical analyses revealed that the SSGT group players exhibited significantly better in terms of the LSPT scores (p.05). The results of the study suggested that SSGT improved short-passing ability, various soccer skills and physiological parameters, while CAIT only improved physiological parameters. SSGT improves soccer-specific endurance and technical ability of players at the same time, meaning it is a time efficient way of training. © 2018, University of Zagreb - Faculty of Kinesiology. All rights reserved.
- Published
- 2018
33. Finding efficient strategies in 3-versus-2 small-sided games of youth soccer players
- Author
-
Gernot Kellermayr, Xiaoying Tan, Arnold Baca, Roland Leser, Thomas Hoch, and Bernhard Moser
- Subjects
Game analysis ,Computer science ,Position tracking ,Shot (filmmaking) ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Context (language use) ,030229 sport sciences ,Game play ,Field (computer science) ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Action (philosophy) ,Human–computer interaction ,soccer ,tactical behavior ,assessment ,performance analysis ,small-sided game ,Small sided games ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery - Abstract
Most existing game analysis attempts do not consider situational context information sufficiently for the assessments of tactical behaviour. The purpose of this case study was to apply a new analysis approach, so far only used for 1-versus-1 analyses in soccer, to small-sided games and to identify and analyse therewith the efficiency of tactical patterns in 3-versus-2 game play. Therefore, 279 games, performed by an elite youth soccer team, were recorded by video and a position tracking system. The data was processed by the new approach, including unsupervised machine learning routines and artificial intelligence methods. Two crucial moments were used to analyse the occurring tactical patterns for the specific game: T0 (time instant of the shot) and T1 (time instant of the last action before the shot). For both moments typical tactical patterns, considering the spatio-temporal context of the situations were found. By combining the patterns of both moments, hidden tactical strategies were identified and their efficiencies calculated. The most significant result is that offence attempts have the highest scoring probability when played via the wings near to the goal line and the final pass, before the shot, is given against the playing direction into the centre of the field.
- Published
- 2019
34. Effects of recreational soccer on physical fitness and health indices in sedentary healthy and unhealthy subjects
- Author
-
Maamer Slimani, Roy J. Shephard, Narimen Yousfi, Zouhaier Tabka, Amri Hammami, Ezdine Bouhlel, and Karim Chamari
- Subjects
Small-sided game ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Research groups ,Physical fitness ,Heart rate ,Football ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Population health ,law.invention ,03 medical and health sciences ,0302 clinical medicine ,Randomized controlled trial ,law ,Physiology (medical) ,Soccer ,Medicine ,Aerobic exercise ,Orthopedics and Sports Medicine ,030212 general & internal medicine ,lcsh:Sports medicine ,Recreation ,lcsh:QH301-705.5 ,business.industry ,030229 sport sciences ,Blood pressure ,Recreational ,lcsh:Biology (General) ,Physical therapy ,Original Article ,business ,lcsh:RC1200-1245 - Abstract
Recreational soccer (RS) is becoming a popular alternative to the classical continuous exercise mode used for the improvement of cardiovascular and metabolic fitness in untrained people. The objective of this paper was to conduct a detailed systematic review of the literature, identifying the physiological responses to RS and the training effects of RS on aerobic fitness and health in untrained healthy individuals and clinical patients. PubMed, Google Scholar and ScienceDirect databases were searched using terms related to recreational soccer. Inclusion criteria were randomized controlled trials (RCT) that assessed acute physiological responses to RS or the training effects of RS on physical fitness and health in sedentary, untrained subjects of any age or health status. All studies were assessed for methodological quality using the PEDro scale. Thirty-five articles met the inclusion criteria; seven examined the acute response to RS, and 28 assessed training effects. Clear evidence was found that RS had positive effects on many health-related indices and variables, including VO2max (gains of 7-16%), blood pressure (reductions of 6-13 mmHg), body composition (decreased fat mass and improved indices of bone health), and metabolic and cardiac function. These positive effects were observed in both healthy individuals and clinical patients, irrespective of age or sex. Although this review provides clear evidence of the positive effects of RS on health, most studies had limitations of methodology (an average PEDro score < 6). Furthermore, many of the training studies were from a small number of research groups. Future studies should be extended to other countries and institutions to ensure generality of the results. Regular RS training leads to significant cardiovascular and muscular adaptations and gains of health both in sedentary individuals and clinical patients at all ages, suggesting that RS is a potentially highly motivational method to enhance population health.
- Published
- 2016
35. Comparación de la carga interna entre partidos amistosos y un juego condicionado en jugadores profesionales de fútbol
- Author
-
Miguel Ángel Campos-Vázquez, Francisco Javier Toscano-Bendala, José Antonio González-Jurado, Luis Suarez-Arrones, and Juan Antonio León-Prados
- Subjects
Small-sided game ,Health (social science) ,Match ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Football ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Advertising ,030229 sport sciences ,Art ,Fútbol ,Competición ,03 medical and health sciences ,Carga interna ,0302 clinical medicine ,Component (UML) ,Situaciones de juego reducidas ,TRIMPMOD ,Humanities ,030217 neurology & neurosurgery ,Internal training load ,media_common - Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare internal load between friendly matches (FM) and a small-sided game (SSG) with a tactical component (STG: 6 vs. 6 + 2 neutral players) in professional football players. Ten players were assessed by Heart Rate (HR) monitors in 5 FM and 3 sessions of a SSG. The relative internal training load (ITLR) was quantified in accordance with the proposal of Stagno (TRIMP modified/minute). The results showed that the ITLR obtained in FM was substantially greater than in the STG (3.75 ± 0.45 vs. 3.44 ± 0.61 TRIMPMOD/min, respectively). The inter-subject variability in physiological response was similar in both situations (CV: 12.35 ± 4.62% vs. 11.13 ± 2.56%, respectively). Moreover, significant large relationships were found between TRIMPMOD/min obtained in the STG sessions and the values recorded in FM (CC: 0.61 [0.09 a 0.87] and CCI: 0.62 [0.15 a 0.86]). The STG would not appear to be an appropriate training stimulus to provide the players with similar physiological demands to those required in the most intense phases of the competition. The high physiological variability suggests advising against use of the STG to provide the players with a sufficiently unified ITL, to ensure most of them receive an appropriate training stimulus El objetivo de la investigación fue comparar la carga interna demandada entre partidos amistosos (PA) y una situación de juego reducida con orientaciones tácticas (JR: 6 vs. 6 + 2 neutrales) en jugadores profesionales de fútbol. Diez futbolistas fueron monitorizados mediante pulsómetros en 5 PA y 3 sesiones de JR, en las que se cuantificó la carga interna relativa (CIR) según la propuesta de Stagno (TRIMP modificados/minuto). Los resultados reflejaron que la CIR soportada en los PA fue sustancialmente mayor a la CIR del JR (3.75 ± 0.45 vs. 3.44 ± 0.61 TRIMPMOD/min, respectivamente), con una variabilidad inter-sujeto en la respuesta fisiológica similar, en ambas situaciones (CV: 12.35 ± 4.62% vs. 11.13 ± 2.56%, respectivamente). Además, existieron grandes y significativas relaciones entre los TRIMPMOD/min obtenidos en las sesiones de JR y los registrados durante el transcurso de los PA (CC: 0.61 [0.09 a 0.87] y CCI: 0.62 [0.15 a 0.86]). No parece por tanto el JR un estímulo de entrenamiento apropiado para proporcionar a los jugadores unas demandas fisiológicas similares, a las exigidas en las fases más intensas de la competición. Además, la elevada variabilidad en la respuesta fisiológica podría desaconsejar su uso para proporcionar a los jugadores una CI suficientemente unificada, que asegure a la mayoría de jugadores recibir un estímulo de entrenamiento apropiado y similar Actividad Física y Deporte
- Published
- 2016
36. Comparación de las demandas físicas en jugadores de fútbol sub13 y sub14 en un 7:7 disputado en diferentes dimensiones
- Author
-
Castellano Paulis, Julen, Echeazarra Escudero, Ibon, Estéfano, Iban, Castellano Paulis, Julen, Echeazarra Escudero, Ibon, and Estéfano, Iban
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of one small-sided game (SSG) with four different pitch lengths on the physical demands in young soccer players, within theU13 and U14 age groups. One 7-a-side game (goalkeeper included) was played in the following SSG formats: 60x40m (SSG60), 50x40m (SSG50), 40x40m (SSG40) and 30x40m (SSG30), length times width respectively. Using GPS devices, the variables analyzed were: total distance (TD) and distance covered in absolute ranges (D0-7, D7-14, D14-17, D17-21 and D>21, all in Km·h-1) and relatives (D<40%, D40-60% [D<60%] and D>60% of the individual maximal speed) of velocity, work:rest ratio (W:R); player-load in three (PL) or two (PL2D) planes of movement, Exertion Index (EI), Maximal Velocity (Vmax) and metabolic Power (MP). The results were: when pitch dimensions increase higher values in all variables were found except D<7 and D>40%, in U13 and U14, although it was not the same proportion. U14 had higher values than U13 in the variables DT, EI, MP, Vmax, D17-21 and D>21, suggesting that this age group showed a higher conditional response when field dimensions allow it. To the contrary, in relative values (D<60% and D>60%) the U13 showed higher load scores than U14. The main application of this study would be to know which dimensions are adequate for each age, notwithstanding the limitation of physical conditioning., El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la influencia de un juego reducido (JR) con cuatro larguras diferentes en las demandas físicas en 28 jugadores infantiles de fútbol, divididos en grupos de edad sub13 y sub14. Se jugó un 7 contra 7 (incluido portero) en los siguientes formatos de JR: 60x40m (JR60), 50x40m (JR50), 40x40m (JR40) y 30x40m (JR30), largo por ancho respectivamente. Las variables fueron analizadas a partir de dispositivos GPS: distancia total (DT) y distancia recorrida en rangos absolutos (D0-7, D7-14, D14-17, D17-21 y D>21, todo en Km·h-1) y relativos (D<40%, D40-60% [D<60%] y D>60% de la velocidad máxima individual) de velocidad, ratio trabajo:descanso (W:R), Player Load en tres (PL) y dos (PL2D) planos de movimiento, Exertion Index (EI), Velocidad máxima (Vmax) y Metabolic Power (MP). Los resultados fueron: un aumento de las dimensiones incrementó las demandas físicas en todas las variables excepto en D<7 y D<40%, en sub13 y sub14, aunque no se dio la misma proporción. Sub14 presentó valores superiores a sub13 en las variables DT, EI, MP, Vmax, D17-21 y D>21, lo que parece indicar que este grupo de edad mostró una mayor respuesta condicional cuando las dimensiones del campo así lo permitieron. Por el contrario, en valores relativos (D<60% y D>60%) los sub13 mostraron mayor carga que sub14. La principal aplicación del estudio permitiría conocer las dimensiones que son adecuadas para cada categoría de edad, para que no supongan estas una limitación desde el punto de vista condicional.
- Published
- 2017
37. Comparison of the physical demands in sub13 and sub14 football players on a 7-a-side game played with different lengths
- Author
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Iban Estéfano, Julen Castellano, and Ibon Echeazarra
- Subjects
Metabolic power ,Small-sided game ,Health (social science) ,Physical conditioning ,Deporte colectivo ,Análisis del movimiento ,Physical Therapy, Sports Therapy and Rehabilitation ,Team sport ,Formación ,Geography ,Age groups ,Juego reducido ,Time motion ,Conditional response ,Training ,Cartography ,Humanities - Abstract
El objetivo del estudio fue analizar la influencia de un juego reducido (JR) con cuatro larguras diferentes en las demandas físicas en 28 jugadores infantiles de fútbol, divididos en grupos de edad sub13 y sub14. Se jugó un 7 contra 7 (incluido portero) en los siguientes formatos de JR: 60x40m (JR60), 50x40m (JR50), 40x40m (JR40) y 30x40m (JR30), largo por ancho respectivamente. Las variables fueron analizadas a partir de dispositivos GPS: distancia total (DT) y distancia recorrida en rangos absolutos (D0-7, D7-14, D14-17, D17-21 y D>21, todo en Km·h-1) y relativos (D60% de la velocidad máxima individual) de velocidad, ratio trabajo:descanso (W:R), Player Load en tres (PL) y dos (PL2D) planos de movimiento, Exertion Index (EI), Velocidad máxima (Vmax) y Metabolic Power (MP). Los resultados fueron: un aumento de las dimensiones incrementó las demandas físicas en todas las variables excepto en D21, lo que parece indicar que este grupo de edad mostró una mayor respuesta condicional cuando las dimensiones del campo así lo permitieron. Por el contrario, en valores relativos (D60%) los sub13 mostraron mayor carga que sub14. La principal aplicación del estudio permitiría conocer las dimensiones que son adecua-das para cada categoría de edad, para que no supongan estas una limitación desde el punto de vista condicional. The aim of the present study was to analyze the influence of one small-sided game (SSG) with four different pitch lengths on the physical demands in young soccer players, within theU13 and U14 age groups. One 7-a-side game (goalkeeper included) was played in the following SSG formats: 60x40m (SSG60), 50x40m (SSG50), 40x40m (SSG40) and 30x40m (SSG30), length times width respectively. Using GPS devices, the variables analyzed were: total distance (TD) and distance covered in absolute ranges (D0-7, D7-14, D14-17, D17-21 and D>21, all in Km·h-1) and relatives (D60% of the individual maximal speed) of velocity, work:rest ratio (W:R); player-load in three (PL) or two (PL2D) planes of movement, Exertion Index (EI), Maximal Velocity (Vmax) and metabolic Power (MP). The results were: when pitch dimensions increase higher values in all variables were found except D40%, in U13 and U14, although it was not the same proportion. U14 had higher values than U13 in the variables DT, EI, MP, Vmax, D17-21 and D>21, suggesting that this age group showed a higher conditional response when field dimensions allow it. To the contrary, in relative values (D60%) the U13 showed higher load scores than U14. The main application of this study would be to know which dimensions are adequate for each age, notwithstanding the limitation of physical conditioning. Actividad Física y Deporte
- Published
- 2017
38. Comparación de la carga interna entre partidos amistosos y un juego condicionado en jugadores profesionales de fútbol
- Author
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Campos Vázquez, Miguel Angel, González Jurado, José Antonio, León Prados, Juan Antonio, Toscano Bendala, Francisco Javier, Suárez-Arrones, Luis, Campos Vázquez, Miguel Angel, González Jurado, José Antonio, León Prados, Juan Antonio, Toscano Bendala, Francisco Javier, and Suárez-Arrones, Luis
- Abstract
The aim of the present study was to compare internal load between friendly matches (FM) and a small-sided game (SSG) with a tactical component (STG: 6 vs. 6 + 2 neutral players) in professional football players. Ten players were assessed by Heart Rate (HR) monitors in 5 FM and 3 sessions of a SSG. The relative internal training load (ITLR) was quantified in accordance with the proposal of Stagno (TRIMP modified/minute). The results showed that the ITLR obtained in FM was substantially greater than in the STG (3.75 ± 0.45 vs. 3.44 ± 0.61 TRIMPMOD/min, respectively). The inter-subject variability in physiological response was similar in both situations (CV: 12.35 ± 4.62% vs. 11.13 ± 2.56%, respectively). Moreover, significant large relationships were found between TRIMPMOD/min obtained in the STG sessions and the values recorded in FM (CC: 0.61 [0.09 a 0.87] and CCI: 0.62 [0.15 a 0.86]). The STG would not appear to be an appropriate training stimulus to provide the players with similar physiological demands to those required in the most intense phases of the competition. The high physiological variability suggests advising against use of the STG to provide the players with a sufficiently unified ITL, to ensure most of them receive an appropriate training stimulus, El objetivo de la investigación fue comparar la carga interna demandada entre partidos amistosos (PA) y una situación de juego reducida con orientaciones tácticas (JR: 6 vs. 6 + 2 neutrales) en jugadores profesionales de fútbol. Diez futbolistas fueron monitorizados mediante pulsómetros en 5 PA y 3 sesiones de JR, en las que se cuantificó la carga interna relativa (CIR) según la propuesta de Stagno (TRIMP modificados/minuto). Los resultados reflejaron que la CIR soportada en los PA fue sustancialmente mayor a la CIR del JR (3.75 ± 0.45 vs. 3.44 ± 0.61 TRIMPMOD/min, respectivamente), con una variabilidad inter-sujeto en la respuesta fisiológica similar, en ambas situaciones (CV: 12.35 ± 4.62% vs. 11.13 ± 2.56%, respectivamente). Además, existieron grandes y significativas relaciones entre los TRIMPMOD/min obtenidos en las sesiones de JR y los registrados durante el transcurso de los PA (CC: 0.61 [0.09 a 0.87] y CCI: 0.62 [0.15 a 0.86]). No parece por tanto el JR un estímulo de entrenamiento apropiado para proporcionar a los jugadores unas demandas fisiológicas similares, a las exigidas en las fases más intensas de la competición. Además, la elevada variabilidad en la respuesta fisiológica podría desaconsejar su uso para proporcionar a los jugadores una CI suficientemente unificada, que asegure a la mayoría de jugadores recibir un estímulo de entrenamiento apropiado y similar
- Published
- 2016
39. El uso de los impulsos de entrenamiento (TRIMPS) para cuantificar la carga de entrenamiento en situaciones reducidas en balonmano
- Author
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Asián Clemente, José Antonio, López Adarve, Carlos, Ortega Becerra, Manuel Alejandro, Asián Clemente, José Antonio, López Adarve, Carlos, and Ortega Becerra, Manuel Alejandro
- Abstract
The aim of this study was to examine the internal load of use by a single parameter which includes the two basic components of the training load, volume, in the form of minutes, and intensity by the percentage of heart rate (HR), to determine the physical stresses to which are subject the reduced handball players in small-sided games. Subjects participated in three formats: a continuous format 8 minutes and 2 formats fractionated (2 periods of 4 minutes and 4 periods of 2 minutes) with the same ratio of work / rest of passive recovery between different periods (1: 1 /4). 12 male players (age 22.82 ± 4.77 years) belonging to the same team in the league participated in this study. Subjects were evaluated to assess the heart rate in the three formats. The results showed significant differences between formats, with the biggest beneficiary to continuous format, which seems the most appropriate format to meet the demands of handball. Evidence suggests that continuous format SSG induce greater internal loads in players compared to intermittent SSG format and that should help coaches to establish a better distribution of play according to their objectives., El objetivo de este estudio fue examinar la carga interna que supone la utilización mediante un parámetro único que engloba los dos componentes básicos de la carga de entrenamiento, volumen, en forma de minutos, e intensidad que a través del porcentaje de la frecuencia cardíaca (FC) como exigencia fisiológica, para así determinar las exigencias físicas a las que están sometidos los jugadores de balonmano en situaciones reducidas de juego en función de la duración de la misma. Los sujetos participaron en tres formatos: un formato continuo de 8 minutos y dos formatos intermitentes fraccionados (2 periodos de 4 minutos y 4 periodos de 2 minutos) con la misma relación trabajo/descanso de recuperación pasiva entre los diferentes periodos (1:1/4). 12 jugadores (edad 22.82 ± 4.77 años) pertenecientes a un mismo equipo participaron en este estudio. Los sujetos fueron evaluados para valorar la frecuencia cardíaca en los tres formatos. Los resultados presentaron que existen diferencias significativas entre los formatos, siendo el formato continuo el que mayor valor de intensidad mostró. La evidencia sugiere que el formato continuo SSG propuesto induce mayores cargas internas (TRIMPS) en comparación con el formato SSG intermitente.
- Published
- 2016
40. Effect of small sided handball game on aerobic capacity and repeated sprint ability of male handball players
- Author
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CHITTIBABU, Balasubramanian
- Subjects
Aerobic capacity ,fatigue index ,handball ,small-sided game ,university ,human activities - Abstract
The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of four and eight weeks small-sided handball game on aerobic capacity and repeated sprint ability of male handball players. Sixteen (16) male university handball players volunteered to act as subjects and were randomly assigned to small-sided handball game group (SSHG) and control group (CG). Small-sided handball game was administered three days in a week for eight weeks. Subjects were measured on aerobic capacity, total sprint time and fatigue index on three occasions first before administration of training as pre-test, after four weeks of training as mid test and after eight weeks of training as post-test. A two-way repeated measure ANOVA with last factor repeated revealed that aerobic capacity, total sprint time and fatigue index improved (p
- Published
- 2014
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