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This paper proposes the use of a Kanban system to improve the conduct of clinical trials for drugs and medical devices. The main goal is to shorten the lead times in clinical trial start-ups, resulting in faster access to new therapies and cost savings. Additionally, the proposed system aims to increase employee satisfaction through workload balancing and empowerment. The research is qualitative and can be further typified as a combination of case research and action research. To identify the causes of long lead times in clinical trial start-ups, two Contract Research Organizations (CROs) that conduct clinical trials for sponsors were analyzed. The proposed Kanban system was implemented in one of these companies to test its viability and results. According to initial estimates, the results show a possibility of achieving a lead time reduction of at least 7% per study. This translates to savings of about $680,000 per Phase III study of the trial and significant improvements in employee satisfaction.

The purpose of this paper is to analyse whether a mixed incentives scheme can positively influence company performance. The research report documents the design and implementation of a mixed wage incentives scheme to an apparel manufacturer in Serbia. The scheme was designed as a combination of individual- and group-based incentives with the wage fund based on group performance and allocated based on individual performance. The effects on performance were measured continuously over a period of forty-four months through labour productivity when applying individual, group, and mixed incentives, respectively. The results show that mixed incentives resulted in significant labour productivity increase, and outperformed both the individual- and group-based wage incentives schemes. The scheme promotes cooperation, team effort, information, and knowledge sharing, while maintaining individual accountability. Apart from the effect on performance, mixed incentives implementation positively affected employees’ attitude towards work, their motivation to improve, and learn new skills.

The paper presents the results of the action research where lean approach was used to increase the throughput of an un-paced assembly line. A series of interventions were undertaken in a company that manufactures LED lighting solutions for a variety of customers. The interventions were in accordance with five lean principles: value, value stream, flow, pull, and perfection. The included, but were not limited to, assembly stations design, part supply and presentation, warehouse management, and good housekeeping. The results show that the throughput was increased from 30-50 units to 100-120 units per day, through hands-on approach and rational use of resources that were at hand. Keywords

The aim of this paper is to explore current state-of-the-art on lean in High-Mix/Low-Volume (HMLV) industry. For this purpose, authors propose a systematic literature review of 110 articles published in 66 peer-reviewed international journals that explicitly discuss lean in HMLV context. The purpose is to investigate research that is available, in order to analyse theoretical aspects of lean considerations in HMLV context, identify the level of lean maturity, the scope of lean, the way lean is implemented, and tools and practices that are commonly used. The results of the analysis show that current research is mainly focussed on practice, with little attention to theory development. The maturity of lean implementation is rather low, as articles mostly address obvious waste reduction, while more advanced concepts such as variability management and buffering remain under-researched. Studies are often operationally and internally oriented, with shop-floor improvements being the area of interest, while embedding lean in strategy is not sufficiently addressed. Lean implementation frameworks presented in the literature are usually tool-based, addressing a narrow set of simplified cases that do not take fully into account complexities of HMLV industry. Lastly, a rather narrow set of tools is used, with tools often being adapted without proper consideration of relevance of a certain tool for HMLV industry. As publications reviewing lean in HMLV context are scarce, this study presents valuable insight and serves as an excellent resource for research on the subject, since it not only presents the existing knowledge in a structured way, but also identifies possible directions for future research.

In the literature, as in practice, there are numerous models for measuring business performance but only a few of them are focused on the business processes, and have integrated process measures with strategic goals, in a way to enable companies to measure progress towards achieving business goals. This paper seeks to address these issues by proposing a new process performance measurement (PPM) model, named GPI model. Model was designed using evidence from the literature, it was tested through multiple case study research, and then it was modified and verified. The GPI model has the potential to become a useful tool for managers in several ways: firstly, the model can be used as a guidance for establishing PPM system that is aligned with strategic goals of company; secondly, the model can be used as it is, with a slight model customization; and thirdly, the universal list of Process performance indicators can be used as a source for best practice.

Purpose: This article elaborates method for downsizing/rightsizing in public sector enterprises, commonly burdened by the number of employees. Our goal was to develop an understandable, quantitative, objective, reliable and efficient method. Design/methodology/approach: The method design criteria were practical applicability, minimisation of subjectivity and maximisation of procedural justice. Our approach analyses performance indicators, and the amount of invested work, computing variability of the productivity time-series in the observed period. Excessive variation of ratio between performance indicators and amount of invested work indicate downsizing/rightsizing needs, as explained in the article. Method is based on internal benchmarking and thus in the first iteration it gives larger headcount estimation than comparison with industrial leaders, or best public enterprises, but it converges towards optimal headcount in the longer time span with more iterations. Main findings: This method has been applied in 21 different public sector organisation during the successful processes of downsizing/rightsizing, which identified a total of 1 819 redundant workers among 18 806 total employees. After the implementation of our method, we found that the application was the first successful massive downsizing program in that group of enterprises after more than five decades. Originality/value: A novel approach to analyse performance indicator as a measure to estimate downsizing/rightsizing goals. Conclusions/Recommendations: With such trait, it is appropriate as the first step in convergence toward the optimal number of employees. The lateral output of our method is that it demonstrates care about employee performance, tracks it and observes inconsistencies, and it offers a chance to employees to increase productivity in order to avoid downsizing.

Istraživanje u doktorskoj disertaciji obuhvata kreiranje modela za unapređenje proizvodnih procesa i smanjenje uticaja pojva koje se javljaju u sistemima, a to su pre svega pojave gubitaka, neuravnotežeonsti i preopterećenja. Na osnovu pregleda literature, uočeni su nedostaci postojećih modela i kreiran je novi model koji je primenjen u realnom okruženju, a potom su prikazani rezultati njegove implementacije. Takođe ukazano je na postojanje međusobno uzročno-posledičnih veza između pojava i određen je stepen njihovih uticaja. Rezultati primene ovakvog modela doprinose smanjenju pojava 3M koji se javljaju u proizvodnim procesima i kreiraju osnovu za dalji kontinualan razvoj i unapređenje proizvodnih procesa i sistema u celini., Doctoral dissertation research involves the develepment of a model for improving production processes and reducing the impact of waste unevenness and overburden losses that occurs in a system. Based on the literature review, the shortcomings of the existing models were identified and a new model was created. It has been applied in the real company environment and the results of its implementation are shown. It is also pointed to the existence of caus-related relationships between muda mura and muri, showing the impact of their influences. Results contributes to the reduction of 3M losses and will create the basis for further continuous development and improvement of the production processes and the system as a whole.

The aim of this doctoral thesis is to develop a methodology that will allow the selection of lean methods and tools that are applicable in the service systems – hospitals and to explore the issues about implementing the lean concept in clinical laboratories. The need for such approach lies in the fact that the implementation of the lean concept in healthcare enables the elimination of all unnecessary processes. This doctoral dissertation presents development of the framework for the implementation and application of the lean concept in clinical laboratories, which allow modernization of institutional arrangements, both organizational and managerial., Cilj ove doktorkse disertacije jeste razvoj metodologije koja će obezbediti odabir lean metoda i alata koji su pogodni za implementaciju u uslužnim sistemima - bolnicama kao i da istraži problematiku prilikom implementacije lean koncepta u kliničkim laboratorijama. Potreba za ovakvim pristupom leži u činjenici da se implementacijom lean koncepta u zdravstvu obezbeđuje eliminisanje svih nepotrebnih procesa. Doktorska disertacija predstavlja razvoj podloga za implementaciju i primenu lean koncepta u kliničkim laboratorijama koji će omogućiti modernizaciju institucionalnog uređenja kako organizacionog tako i menadžerskog.

Na osnovu istraživanja u ovoj disertaciji i implemetiranog softverskog rešenja za podršku upravljanju industrijskim preduzećima utvrđeno je da sama implementacija ERP sistema nije dovoljna, i da su potrebni MES sistemi koji pružaju informacije u realnom vremenu koje pomažu da se donese odluka u cilju unapređenja proizvodnih sistema i omogućuju kontrolu nad svim elementima proizvodnog procesa, prema osnovnim načelima LEAN proizvodnje i TQM., Based on the research in this dissertation and implementation оf software solution for support of management of industrial enterprises it was found that implementation of ERP systems is not sufficient, and it is necessary implementation of MES systems which provide real-time information for making a decision for improvement of the production system and enable control of all elements of the manufacturing process, according to the basic principles of LEAN production and TQM.

Gubici vode nanose veliku štetu vodovodnom sistemu, i ugrožavaju njegovo ispravno funkcionisanje. Cilj istraživanja je unapređenje sistema upravljanja gubicima vode, odnosno istraživanje mogućnosti smanjenja gubitaka u njima. Istraživanje se vrši na bazi međunarodno definisanih standarda i preporuka za smanjenje nefakturisane vode, a primenjuje se na javne sisteme vodosnabdevanja u Srbiji., Water losses cause big harm to water supply system, and threaten its correct functioning. The aim of the investigation is improvement of water loss management systems in water supply processes, or the investigation of possibilities for reduction of water losses in them. Investigation is made based on international standards and guidelines for non revenue water reduction, and is implemented on public water supply systems in Serbia.

U ovom radu je predstavljena empirijska analiza recentnih napora jedne kompanije u Srbiji da uspostavi sistem upravljanja poslovnim procesima. Analiza je urađena korišćenjem konceptualnog modela upravljanja poslovnim procesima koji je preuzet iz referentne literature. Rezultat analize je skup ključnih faktora neuspeha sa kojima se kompanija može susresti prilikom uspostavljanja sistema upravljanja poslovnim procesima. Skup ključnih faktora neuspeha je podeljen u potkategorije na osnovu elemenata konceptualnog modela upravljanja poslovnim procesima. Implikacije rada su pre svega orijentisane na praksu, sa ciljem da se kompanije i praktičari 'upozore' na probleme sa kojima se mogu susresti prilikom uspostavljanja sistema upravljanja poslovnim procesima, a koji mogu ograničiti uspeh ili dovesti do neuspeha inicijativa za unapređenje poslovnih procesa., This paper presents empirical analysis of recent efforts of Serbian company to implement business process management system. The analysis has been done through a conceptual business process management model, derived from the literature. The result of the analysis is a set of key failure factors that a company can encounter while trying to implement business process management system. Key failure factors list is divided in sub-categories, according to the elements of conceptual business process management model. The implications of this paper are mainly practical, with the aim to 'warn' companies and practitioners about problems they can encounter while establishing business process management system, which can hinder or prevent success of business process improvement initiatives.

Business process management (B.P.M.) is empirically linked to the performance of organisations. Different studies in the business process field have shown that an organisation can benefit from B.P.M. through better financial and nonfinancial performance, which can drive it to competitive advantage. B.P.M. is also a concept which leads to better organised systems and can help companies in transition economies to perform better. The purpose of this paper is to compare B.P.M. practice in Slovenia and Serbia in order to formulate recommendations for companies in transition economies. The survey was carried out in 115 representatives of Slovene companies and 91 Serbian companies in the year 2014. The conclusions and recommendation for B.P.M. implementation in transition economies were drawn upon similarities in B.P.M. practice between Serbian and Slovenian companies. In addition, the differences in B.P.M. practice were analysed in order to identify the ways one country can learn from the experience of the other. The results from Slovenia and Serbia from 2014 are interesting for both countries from the perspective of how B.P.M. practice could be further developed in Slovenia and Serbia. The findings have significant managerial implications, as they will help managers to better understand the key factors for successful B.P.M. implementation transitional countries companies.

Problem koji obrađuje ova disertacija je definisanje modela primene lin sistema u maloprodaji trajnih potrošnih dobara sa naglaskom na optimizaciji primarnih aktivnosti tj. toka proizvoda od dobavljača do krajnjeg potrošača. Osnovna ideja je definisanje modela primene lin- a u poslovnim procesima kod proizvoda čija je tražnja stabilna i predvidiva i često se prodaju sa lagera u maloprodaji, pa sve do proizvoda sa dijametralnom logikom koji se prodaju putem porudžbine, bez zaliha u maloprodaji tj. onih proizvoda gde je tražnja daleko neizvesnija, a asortiman širok. Veoma važan faktor koji je deo ovog modela jeste uticaj povećanja znanja zaposlenih o lin alatima i kulturi u samoj organizaciji., The subject of this disertation is how to define model of lean system application in durable goods retail with the focus on optimisation of primary activities i.e. product flow from suppliers till customers. The basic idea is to define model of lean application in the processes of the products with stable and predictable demand that are offered from shop stock, till the products with the oposite logic that are sold from samples and catalogues, without stock in retail, and where demand is highly unpredictable and assortment wide and variable. Very important factor which is part of this model is how to increase knowledge and acceptance of lean tools and culture within the organisation.

Predmet istraživanja ove doktorske disertacije je mogućnost unapređenja operativnih performansi nerepetitivnih proizvodnih sistema – konkretno protočnog vremena i pouzdanosti isporuke – primenom lin pristupa. Primeri unapređenja operativnih performansi primenom lin pristupa su brojni, i najveći broj dolazi iz repetitivnih proizvodnih sistema u kojima je lin pristup i razvijen. Savremena istraživanja govore da postoji interesovanje za korišćenje lin pristupa za unapređenje operativnih perfromansi nerepetitivnih proizvodnih sistema. Međutim, broj primera unapređenja operativnih perfromansi nerepetitivnih proizvodnih sistema je značajno manji od broja primera unapređenja operativnih performansi repetitivnih proizvodnih sistema. Za to postoji nekoliko razloga, a jedan od najznačajnijih je da znanje o primeni lin pristupa u nerepetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima nije sistematizovano i strukturirano kao znanje o primeni u repetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima, i ne postoji jedinstveni okvir implementacije lin pristupa u nerepetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima, koji uzima u obzir sve karakteristike specifičnog okruženja, kao ni sve karakteristike lin pristupa. Osnovni cilj istraživanja koje je sprovedeno u ovoj doktorskoj disertaciji je unapređivanje znanja u oblasti lin proizvodnje i provera efekata primene lin pristupa u nerepetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima kroz projektovanje novog originalnog modela primene lin pristupa u nerepetitivnom proizvodnom okruženju na osnovu analize dosadašnjih iskustava, i njegovu eksperimentalnu proveru u kompaniji koja pripada grupi nerepetitivnih proizvođača. Analizom i sistematizacijom postojećih istraživanja u oblasti primene lin pristupa u nerepetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima je pokazano da u naučnoj i stručnoj literaturi postoji interesovanje za primenu lin pristupa u nerepetitivnim proizvodnim sistemima, ali i problemi u primeni koji su uzrokovani karakteristikama nerepetitivnih proizvodnih sistema, koje ne dozvoljavaju da se praksa primene l, The subject of the research conducted in this doctoral dissertation are the possibilities of improving operational performance of non-repetitive manufacturing systems – namely lead time and delivery reliability – through lean implementation. Examples of operational performance improvement through lean implementation are numerous, and most of them come from repetitive manufacturing systems, where lean was devised. Contemporary research shows evidence of an existing interest in implementing lean in non-repetitive manufacturing systems. However, the number of operational performance improvement cases in non-repetitive manufacturing systems is significantly lower than the number of cases coming from repetitive manufacturing systems. Out of several reasons causing this, one of the most significant ones is that the knowledge of lean implementation in non-repetitive manufacturing systems is not as structured and systematized as in repetitive manufacturing systems. In addition, there is no unique framework for implementing lean in non-repetitive manufacturing systems that would take all the characteristics of a specific manufacturing environment and all the characteristics of lean into account. The main goal of the research is to improve the knowledge in the field of lean manufacturing and to test the effects of lean implementation in non-repetitive manufacturing systems through the design of a new and original model of lean implementation in non-repetitive manufacturing systems. This will be based on the analysis of the previous experience, and through experimental validation of the designed model in a company that represents a typical non-repetitive manufacturer. The analysis and systematization of the previous research in the field of lean implementation in non-repetitive manufacturing systems shows that an interest in implementing lean in non-repetitive manufacturing systems does exist, but so do problems caused by the characteristics of non-repetitive manufacturing sys

Predmet istraživanja je razvoj i provera modela koji ce omoguciti formalizaciju integrisanog postupka selekcije poslovnih procesa koji su prioritetni za poboljšanje i izbora metodologija koje ce ih efikasno poboljšati. Cilj istraživanja je utvrivanje veze izmeu nacina selekcije poslovnih procesa i izbora metodologije njihovog poboljšanja i uspešnosti projekata poboljšanja i usvajanja upravljanja poslovnim procesima u organizaciji, kao i razvoj autenticnog integrisanog pristupa selekciji poslovnih procesa i izboru metodologija njihovog poboljšanja. Pregledom literature, uoceno je da nauci i praksi upravljanja i poboljšanja poslovnih procesa nedostaje jedan formalizovani koncept koji ce biti integrisan i sadržati kompletnu instrukciju i za selekciju poslovnih procesa i za izbor metodologija njihovog poboljšanja. Što se tice selekcije i prioritetizacije poslovnih procesa, neophodno je formirati jedinstveni skup kriterijuma za ocenu, kao i definisati nacin ocenivanja procesa i znacenje svake ocene. Kod izbora metodologija neophodno je utvrditi koje metodologije su alternative, koji su kriterijumi za izbor i kako se vrši ocena i konacan izbor. U doktorskoj disertaciji sprovedena su dva empirijska istraživanja i uraene su razlicite statisticke analize. Prvo istraživanje sprovedeno je u preduzecima u Srbiji 2012. i 2014. godine. U istraživanju se koristio upitnik sa tvrdnjama o praksi poboljšanja i upravljanja poslovnim procesima. Pitanja i tvrdnje iz upitnika su omogucile da se utvrde razliciti nacini selekcije poslovnih procesa i izbora metodologija njihovog poboljšanja, uspešnost projekata poboljšanja poslovnih procesa, kao i mera usvajanja upravljanja poslovnim procesima u organizacijama (Indeks performansi procesa). Rezultati istraživanja su pokazali da organizacije koje nemaju formalizovan nacin selekcije poslovnih procesa i izbora metodologija poboljšanja poslovnih procesa imaju manju uspešnost poboljšanja poslovnih procesa u odnosu na organizacije koje imaju u odre, The subject of this research is the development and verification of a model that will enable the formalization of an integrated selection procedure of business processes and methodologies for their efficient improvement. This research aims to establish the relationship between the following: the selection of business processes, the selection of methodologies for their improvement, the success of business process improvement projects, and the adoption of business process management in an organization, as well as the development of a genuine integrated approach to the selection of business processes and methodologies for their improvement. The review of available literature proved that both theory and practice in management and business process improvement lack a formalized and integrated concept with comprehensive instructions for the selection of business processes and methodologies for their improvement. As for the selection and prioritization of business processes, it is necessary to establish a uniform set of assessment criteria and to define the assessment process method with the meaning of each grade. When selecting methodologies, it is necessary to choose between available methodologies, and the criteria for selection, assessment, and final choice. This doctoral dissertation contains two empirical studies and various statistical analyses. The first research was conducted in several companies in Serbia in 2012 and 2014. The questionnaire contained statements about the practice of business processes improvement and management. The questions and statements from the questionnaire have helped us identify: the different means of selecting business processes and methodologies for their improvement, the success of business process improvement projects, and adoption of business process management in organizations (i.e. The Process Performance Index). The research results indicated that the organizations lacking in a formalized procedure for selecting business processes

Naucni cilj istraživackog problema obuhvata problematiku preduzeća sa stanovištva većeg broja lokacija, organizacionih jedininica, kontrole i procesa unutar njih. Eksperimetalni deo istraživanja obavljen je u kompaniji „Omni Surfaces“ lociranoj u Severnoj Americi, tačnije u tri grada: Toronto (Ontario, Kanada), Edmonton (Alberta, Kanada) i Hjuston (Texas, USA). Značaj istraživanja se ogleda se u stalnoj potrebi za iznalaženjem najboljeg rešenja procesa upravljanja prostorno dislociranim preduzećima, kako bi se obezbedio maksimalan profit, uz istovremeni opstanak i razvoj preduzeća.. Sinhronizacija funkcionisanja procesa sa jedne strane, pravovremeno razumevanje potreba potrošača i prava strategija, sa druge strane, jesu ključni zahtevi pri razvoju integrisanog modela upravljanja prostorno dislociranim preduzećima. Predmet doktorske disertacije je istraživanje i razvoj integrisanog modela upravljanja prostorno dislociranim preduzećima koji u sebi imati najbolje elemente do sada prepoznate u praksi. Upravljanje prostorno dislociranim preduzecima za krajnji cilj ima projektovanje modela koji će objediniti sve organizacione jedinice u jednu celinu, koja će sinhronizovanim radom odgovarati na potrebe potrošača i praviti profit u granicama očekivanja na svim lokacijama. Fokusom na potrošača, konkurenciju, profit, fleksibilnost preduzeća i brzi odgovor na potrebe potrošača, sa pravim proizvodom i u pravo vreme, model ce moći opstati duži niz godina..., The scientific goal related to research includes problem that company has from the base point of multiple locations, organizational units, quality control and inside processes. Experimental part of research was performed in the company „Omni Surfaces“ located in North America more accurately in three towns: Toronto (Ontario, Canada), Edmonton (Alberta, Kanada) and Houston (Texas, USA). The importance of research is in continious need for finding the best solution related to process of management for companies with multiple locations which will provide maximum profit with maintaining survival and growth of company. Sinchronization and functioning of all the processes from one side and just understanding consumer needs in the right time, correct strategy from the other side, are the key requests during the development of integrated management model for companies with multiple locations. The main objective for doctoral thesis is research and development of integrated management model for companies wiht multiple locations which will contain the best elements so far recognized in industry. The management of companies wiht multiple locations for the end goal has design of model which will combain all organizational units in one whole, which will in sinchronical way give response on customer demands and make expected profit on all locations. With customer focus, competition, profit, company flexibility and quick response on customer demands with correct product in right time, model will be able to survive for many years...

Eco-efficiency represents a valuable instrument for analysing the efficiency of the economic activities relating to the consumption of nature's goods and services. This is particularly important because natural resources mean key characteristics of the environment required to the sustainable economic development and have a great value for the humankind. Bearing this in mind, as well as the significant environmental impact of packaging, the authors introduced the data envelopment analysis - DEA method, for evaluating eco-efficiency in the case of beverage packaging. The results of the paper indicate not only that DEA method can be adjusted to the context of main beverage packaging materials (glass, cardboard, polyethylene, PVC, Q pack, PET, polycarbonate, tinplate and aluminium) but also that DEA method could be a valuable tool for achieving sustainable packaging manufacturing by providing the most eco-friendly and sustainable choice of material for beverage packaging. Moreover, the obtained results show that polyethylene and glass have the highest eco-efficiency due to the relatively negligible impact on the environment and the relatively high value added.

This paper analyses the effects of combined implementation of gain sharing wage incentives and continuous process improvement on productivity growth in the apparel industry. Results were obtained through empirical research conducted in a Serbian apparel manufacturer - Javor. A five step research approach was designed and applied in Javor, where productivity was continuously measured over a five year period. Results show a significant increase in productivity in Javor by the end of the fifth year, even though productivity was in decline in the apparel sector. The results were statistically tested, showing that productivity gains can really be attributed to combined implementation of gain sharing and continuous process improvement. The paper has significant practical implications, since it suggests that wage incentives can be used as an efficient tool for motivating employees to take an active role in improvement efforts while relying on existing knowledge and resources.

Predmet istraživanja disertacije je mogucnost razvoja modela za merenje performansi procesa koji je fleksibilan i adaptibilan. Kako savremeno upravljanje organizacijom podrazumeva upravljanje njenim procesima, ostvarenje ciljeva organizacije zavisi od uspešnosti njenih procesa. Uspešnost procesa, odnosno sposobnost procesa da ispune ciljeve organizacije, se meri pomocu definisanih kljucnih indikatora performansi. Deo istraživanja se odnosi i na analizu meuzavisnosti ciljeva na najvišem nivou organizacije i indikatora uspešnosti procesa u kompanijama koje imaju primenjen procesni pristup. Istraživanje mogucnosti i nacina povecanja fleksibilnosti i adaptibilnosti sistema za merenje performansi procesa obuhvata opis i analizu poznatih modela za merenje performansi i razvoj autenticnog modela koji bi bio fleksibilan i adaptibilan. Razvoj modela obuhvata definisanje modela (elementi strukture, veze i meuzavisnosti), njegovu primenu u praksi i usavršavanje na osnovu ostvarenih rezultata. Disertacija potvruje opštu hipotezu: Formalizacijom meuzavisnosti ciljeva na najvišem nivou organizacije i indikatora uspešnosti kljucnih poslovnih procesa, moguce je unaprediti fleksibilnost i adaptibilnost sistema za merenje performansi poslovanja. Na osnovu analize obimne literature izvršen je naucni opis i uraena je komparativna analiza postojecih modela za merenje performansi procesa. Zatim je predložen novi, GPI model (eng. G – Goal; P – process; I – Indicator) za merenje performansi procesa koji omogucava identifikaciju direktne meuzavisnosti ciljeva na najvišem nivou organizacije i indikatora uspešnosti procesa, i ima odreenu fleksibilnost i adaptibilnost. Nakon toga je izvršeno istraživanje studije slucaja. Na osnovu dobijenih saznanja, prethodno koncipirani model je poboljšan i verifikovan. Rezultati istraživanja i razvijeni GPI model za merenje performansi procesa stvarju osnovu za kvalitetnije i lakše upravljanje performansama poslovanja, ali i za dalja istraživanja u ovoj obl, The subject of the dissertation is the possibility of developing process performance measurement model that is flexible and adaptable. Since a contemporary management of the organization involves management of its processes, the achievement of organization’s goals depends on the success of its processes. The success of the process is measured by using key performance indicators. Part of the research is related to the analysis of the interdependencies of the highest level of organization’s goals and process performance indicators in companies that implemented a process approach. Research of possibilities and ways to increase the flexibility and adaptability of the process performance measurement system includes a description and analysis of the known performance measurement models and development of an authentic model that would be flexible and adaptable. Development involves model definition (elements of structure, links and interdependencies), its application in practice and its improvement, on a basis of achieved results. Main hypothesis developed and proved in the dissertation is: Formalization of interdependencies of the highest level of organization’s goals and key process performance indicators, makes it possible to improve the flexibility and adaptability of the business performance measurement systems. Based on analysis of the extensive literature, the scientific description and comparative analysis of existing process performance measurement models was conducted. Afterwards, the new GPI (G - Goal; P - process; I - Indicator) model is proposed. This process performance measurement model allows direct identification of interdependencies of the highest level goals and process performance indicators, and has a certain flexibility and adaptability. Then, the case study research was done. Based on the study findings, previously conceptualized model is improved. Results of research and proposed GPI model create the basis for better and easier performance managemen

Changes in the market in the apparel industry require changing modes of production and lead to the need to enhance production. One way to respond to such changes is the implementation of continuous process improvement Two-phase Plan-Do-Check-Act (PDCA) procedure for continuous process improvement in the apparel industry was designed, and experimentally verified in the company in Serbia. Effects of the implementation were measured through productivity. The workplace layout, material handling system, and workplace organization were improved and the results show a significant increase in productivity. This study presents original suggestions to practitioners about how to implement continuous process improvement and make significant productivity improvements in the apparel industry.

During the period from 2007 to 2014, and in addition to huge institutional changes, large steps were taken in the field of youth policy in the Republic of Serbia in order to create national resources which would have influence on the improvement of the youth status and life. On the other hand, the practice shows that the existence of the national framework for youth support, as a local service network intended for youths, is not a crucial prerequisite to change the current situation when it comes to improving the quality of life of young people, but that the existence of the critical level of youth activism is a key driving force that leads to changes. This paper presents an overview of the level of youth activism in the city of Belgrade. The results show that young people accept a proactive attitude to life when it comes to their personal or family problems and issues whilst the engagement in the social field and especially a political one are not seen as a preferable type of behaviour.

Informacione i komunikacione tehnologije (IKT) postale su značajni deo obrazovanja, posebno visokoškolskog. Obrazovne institucije širom sveta ulažu napore radi obezbeđivanja visokokvalitetnog obrazovanja koje je atraktivno, inovativno i društveno korisno, a koje podrazumeva i upotrebu digitalnih alata. Zato menadžment obrazovnih institucija stimuliše s jedne strane svoje nastavno osoblje da nastavi rad na poboljšanju upotrebe IKT-a u svojim predavanjima, a s druge strane motiviše učenike i studente da ih takođe koriste u procesu učenja i savladavanja nastavnog gradiva. No, i pored pažnje koja se poklanja upotrebi IKT-a u obrazovanju, ne postoji dovoljno istraživanja koja se bave efektivnošću i efikasnošću IKT-a. Ovo su razlozi zašto se autori u radu bave mogućim načinima evaluacije IKT-a u obrazovanju korišćenjem indikatora performansi., Information and communication technologies (ICT) have become an important part of education, particularly higher education. Educational institutions worldwide are making efforts to ensure high quality education that is attractive, innovative and socially beneficial, and that includes the use of digital tools. For that reason, the management of educational institutions stimulates teaching staff to continue to work on improving the use of ICT in their teaching, on the one hand, and motivates students to use them in the process of learning and understanding the school curriculum, on the other hand. But despite of the attention paid to the use of ICT in education, there is not enough research that deal with the effectiveness and efficiency of ICT. These are the reasons why the authors consider possible ways of the evaluation of ICT in education, by using performance indicators.

U literaturi se može pronaći veliki broj modela koji pružaju smernice za razvoj sistema za merenje performansi procesa i ispituju probleme merenja performansi iz različitih perspektiva. U radu su razmatrani neki od najznačajnijih modela za merenje performansi procesa, izvršena je njihova uporedna analiza prema 11 kriterijuma i primećeno je da većina tih modela polazi od strategije ili ciljeva pri određivanju performansi, ali i da većina njih ne specificira indikatore performansi, već samo daje naznake kako doći do njih. Takođe, nijedan model ne povezuje direktno ciljeve organizacije i indikatore performansi procesa, što smanjuje njihovu fleksibilnost i adaptabilnost. Na osnovu toga, identifikovana je potreba za razvojem novog modela, koji bi prevazišao navedene nedostatke, što predstavlja pravac daljeg istraživanja., In the literature, there are number of models that provide guidelines for the performance measurement system development and examine performance measurement problems from different perspectives. In this paper, some of the most important performance measurement models are considered. Furthermore, comparative analysis of these models, according to 11 criteria, was done. It was noticed that the majority of models takes into account the strategy or goals while determining performance but most of them don't specify performance indicators and only give an indication for their determination. Also, none of models link directly organizational goals and process performance indicators, which would allow model flexibility and adaptibility. On this basis, the need to develop a new model that would overcome these shortcomings was identified, and this represents a direction for further research.

U disertaciji je prikazana povezanost organizacione kulture i strukture preduzeća sa uspehom projekata koji se u tom preduzeću sprovode. Predložen je model promene nivoa prisutnosti identifikovanih faktora organizacione kulture i strukture koji su povezani sa uspehom projekata u cilju njegovog povećanja., The dissertation presents an influence of organisational culture and structure of the company on the success of projects implemented in that company. A model is proposed, which changes the level of identified factors of organisational culture and structure which are proved to be associated with the success of the projects.

Predmet istrаživаnjа ove doktorske disertаcije bio je unаpređenje procesа projektovаnjа orgаnizаcije merenjem stаnjа i usklаđivаnjem elemenаtа orgаnizаcije. U istraživanju procesа projektovаnjа orgаnizаcije pošlo se od nаčelа kojа su do dаnаs rаzvijаnа u nаučnoj i stručnoj oblаsti. Jednа grupа teorijа, koje su u literаturi poznаte kаo teorije kontigencije, govore o neophodnosti dа elementi orgаnizаcije budu usklаđeni sа strаtegijom orgаnizаcije i njenim okruženjem. One objаšnjаvаju dа ne postoji jedаn nаjefikаsniji nаčin orgаnizovаnjа, već dа izbor orgаnizаcionog dizаjnа istovremeno zаvisi od izаbrаne strаtegije i okruženjа u kome orgаnizаcije posluje. Drugа grupа teorijа nаmetnulа je principe koji govore o znаčаju interne konzistentnosti između elemenаtа orgаnizаcije. Ovi principi su u literаturi poznаti kаo principi konfigurаcije. Istrаživаnjа nа ovu temu su pokаzаlа dа, iako ne postoji pojedinаčnа orgаnizаcionа vаrijаblа ili stаnje nekog elementа orgаnizаcije kojа je u znаčаjnoj meri povezаnа sа rezultаtimа orgаnizаcije, postoje određeni modаliteti povezаnosti elemenаtа orgаnizаcije koji se pojаvljuju sаmo u orgаnizаcijаmа koje postižu bolje rezultаte. Pregled literаture iz oblаsti projektovаnjа orgаnizаcije počinje аutorimа klаsičnih teorijа i аdministrаtivnog prаvcа i temаmа koje su se uglаvnom bаvile skupom službenih i stаndаrdizovаnih rаdnih odnosа koji su izgrаđivаni oko čvrstog sistemа formаlnog аutoritetа. Nаkon klаsičnih teorijа, dаt je pregled literаture i istrаživаnjа kojа u prvi plаn stаvljаju međuljudske odnose. Empirijskа istrаživаnjа ovih teorijа su ukаzivаlа dа formаlni elementi orgаnizаcije (kаo što su strukturа, аutoritet i sl.) ne dаju zаdovoljаvаjuće rezultаte, а dа istovremeno imаju negаtivаn uticаj nа zаdovoljstvo rаdnikа i međuljudske odnose. Pored formаlne strukture, istаknut je znаčаj neformаlnih elemenаtа orgаnizаcije, kojimа su se više bаvili sаvremeni аutori iz ove oblаsti. Sledeći prаvаc istrаživаnjа oko kojeg se okupilа većа grupа ist, The subject of this doctoral dissertation is the improvement of the process of designing an organization by measuring the state and alignment of organizational elements. The research of the organizational designing process started from the principles that have been developed thus far in the scientific and professional fields. Some theories, known in the literature as contingency theories, speak of the necessity for the elements of an organization to be aligned with the strategy of the organization and its environment. They explain that there is no one single most efficient organizational method, but that the selection of the organizational design depends on both the chosen strategy and the environment in which the organization operates. Other theories focus on the principles which speak of the importance of the internal consistency between the elements of the organization. These principles are known as the principles of configuration. Research on this topic has shown that, although there exists no single organizational variable or condition of an element of the organization which is to a significant extend connected to the results of the organization, there exist certain modalities of connection of organizational elements that occur only in the organizations that deliver better results. The review of the literature in the field of organizational design begins with the authors of classical theories and administrative direction and with the topics that often focused on a set of formal and standardized working relationships built around a firm system of formal authority. After classical theories, there follows a review of the literature and research which emphasize interpersonal relationships. Empirical studies of these theories have suggested that the formal elements of the organization (such as the structure, authority etc.) do not yield satisfactory results, and in fact have a negative impact on employees’ satisfaction and interpersonal relationships.

Ovaj rad opisuje mogućnosti upotrebe tehnike 'process mining' kako bi se pojednostavilo otkrivanje nepotrebnih aktivnosti (u smislu lean usluge) u organizacijama koje samo pružaju usluge. Analizirani su sistemi pružanja usluga, sa posebnim ostvrtom na stvaranje vrednosti i nepotrebnih aktivnosti u organizaciji usluga. Postojeći algoritmi process mining tehnike mogu da se primene na 'event logs' (slučajeve koji su završeni, tj. 'post-mortem' slučajeve) koje stvaraju Sistemi Preduzeća kako bi otkrili nepotrebne aktivnosti i prekide toka rada. Primena process mining tehnike može takođe da se proširi na operacionu podršku lean transformacija (delimični slučajevi) kako bi se analizirali slučajevi koji još uvek nisu završeni ('pre-mortem' slučajevi) i kako bi se predvidela pojava nepotrebnih aktivnosti i preporučile odgovarajuće aktivnosti za smanjenje mogućih gubitaka., This paper describes the possibilities of using process mining in order to facilitate the discovery of wasteful activities (in terms of lean service) in pure service organizations. The specificities of pure service systems will be analyzed, with special focus on value creation and wasteful activities in service organizations. Existing process mining algorithms can be applied to event logs (cases that have been completed, i.e. 'post-mortem' cases) created by Enterprise Systems in order to discover wasteful activities and flow interruptions. Process mining application can also be extended to operational support of lean transformation (partial cases), in order to analyze cases that have not yet been completed ('pre-mortem' cases) and predict the appearance of wasteful activities and to recommend suitable actions for minimizing possible wastes.

Introduction of the integration of environmental thinking into every aspect of social, political, and economic activity has become central to the environmental debate. Therefore, societies and organizations need to make a drastic shift to a sustainable socioeconomic system with fewer environmental impacts. There is an increasing recognition that good environmental performance makes consequential good organization sense. Organizations that measure, manage and communicate their environmental performance are inherently well placed. They understand how to improve their processes, reduce their costs, comply with regulatory requirements and stakeholder expectations and take advantage of new green market opportunities. This paper considers an approach in which organizations are now developing new "win-win " strategies in this area to simultaneously benefit organization, its customers, and the environment.

As a result of human activity, generated waste is one of the biggest problems of today's generation. It should especially be pointed out that insufficient waste management represents an enormous loss of resource both in the form of materials and energy. As a remedy for this issue Zero Waste tends to eliminate waste with its unique system approach of avoiding waste creation to start with, which is the most sustainable choice. Further, Zero Waste as a strategy can be applied not only to the existing production systems but also during planning, preparation and launching of new production systems and products. The key aspect of this paper will be focused on the case study about applying Zero Waste approach during launching of a new product.

Postoji povećano interesovanje internacionalnih organizacija, vlada, nevladinih organizacija i korporacija za održivi razvoj i održivi ekološki menadžment. Kao posledica razvijaju se mnoge ekološke metode u cilju postizanja ciljeva održivosti. U ovome radu ispituje se primena indikatora ekoloških performansi kao dobrog metoda za dostizanje i merenje održivosti na lokalnom, nacionalnom, regionalnom i globalnom nivou. ., International organizations, governments, non-governmental organizations, and corporations pay an increasing attention to sustainable development and sustainable environmental management. Consequently, a large number of environmental methods have been developed in order to achieve sustainable issues. This paper explores environmental performance indicators as a good method for achieving and measuring sustainability on the local, national, regional and global levels. .