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This paper includes research that determined is there a different opinion about social media advertising between different generations. The main purpose of this paper was to determine what affects the decision-making process when it comes to social media advertising with generation Z, to introduce theoretical aspects of social media advertising. Gen Z is know for being with their „mobile phone in hand“, which suggest that this is a digital generation (unlike previous Gen's) grown up with technology and in a social networks enviroment. The aim was to determine generation Z opinion about social media marketing. The research was conducted using an originally created survey with a sample of 102 participants from Croatia. The results have shown Generation Z considers social media advertising intrusive and companies should get more creative in the future.

With the rapid development of Internet and technology, new social networks are born. New ways of communication through social networks are an unavoidable part of everyday life among younger generations. Generation Z is very attached to their mobile devices, so they spend most of their free time on various social platforms. Members of Generation Z use the social networks for several reasons: to communicate, share various information and contents, but also when shopping. The influence of social networks has greatly changed the ways of living, as well shopping habits of various generations, especially of the Generation Z. A rich range of products and services is available to all users who have Internet and social networks in just a few steps. In this way, users began to increasingly follow the trends taking place in the world and created a desire for a particular product and service. Online shopping has come to life with the help of various ads and influential people (influencers) who are more and more present on social networks and encourage people to consume. The aim of this paper is to find out how social networks affect Generation Z, but also their consumer habits when buying a particular good or service. The results of the research were collected applying an originally developed questionnaire, which showed a significant influence of social networks in the pre-purchase behavior of Generation Z, thus entailing numerous implications for theory and practice.

ourism providers need to adopt their tourism products to the needs of young generations. As new generations show tendency to use extensive online research about tourism products and search for recommendations among their friends and family. While staying in destination there is a plethora of possibilities how tourists can experience the destination. Hence, purpose of this paper is to explore motivation and behaviour of young generations when staying in destination. It analyses their needs affecting the motivation of young people to seek, buy and consume travel products and services once they are staying at a tourist destination. The research instrument was developed following previous research on motivation and behavior of tourists in destinations. The online survey was completed by 125 participants from Croatia that belong to young generations (aged 16-29 years). Insights about preferred transportation modes, activities on holiday, preferred accommodation types, accompanying person and review tendencies are elaborated. The results show that the shopping behavior of young tourists in the destination is influenced by travel motivation, image and destination brand, opinions and recommendations of other people (acquaintances, friends, family, people from the Internet), among other. Paper discusses research results and offers managerial implications for destination managers.

Marketing is starting to take on completely new dimensions and it's almost unthinkable, nowadays, for a company to function without performing e- marketing. Internet marketing has given even the smallest trades a chance to find their market. Online ads can be created in various forms and with minimal investment, great results can be achieved. The main advantage of online advertising is that it can accurately target the audience it wants to reach. If the target group is older adolescents - how should they be addressed, through which forms of advertising? This paper deals with answering these questions applying the survey method whereas its main contribution is an originally developed questionnaire and related findings. The results indicate that older adolescents change their reactions to online advertising depending on the platform which displays ads – skipping ads regularly on some platforms while not so often on others, being more susceptible to ads on some social media, while noticing them less frequently on other social media. Furthermore, respondents, young people aged 17 to 20 years old, were found to be not well enough acquainted with advertising on search engines which was discovered combining trick questions. Through the description of the behavior of older adolescents and their interaction with ads, this paper also explores which form of online advertising influences them the most. Thus this research provides valuable information to marketers who target this market segment.

This paper presents a model of a dislocated restaurant created based on dislocated hotels in Italy. This paper aims to provide an innovative solution for new initiatives in the food and beverage industry experiencing great losses due to the Covid 19 epidemic. The study uses an existing hotel model and adopts it in restaurants, and it uses analyses and synthesis for developing and defining new concepts. The private dining restaurant model represents a hybrid modification between dislocated hotels and classic à la carte restaurants and is more customized to the new normal. Depending on space constraints, a private dining restaurant can be built as a brand new restaurant or use the many empty spaces in the centre of many cities for this purpose, thus encouraging urban regeneration. Although, given its characteristics, this restaurant model is easier to apply from the beginning as such (as dislocated) rather than applying to existing buildings.

TEM Journal; Vol 7, No 2, 2018. ISSN 2217-8309, This paper applies the concept of collaborative learning in function of organisations from a classroom setting. The concept of collaborative learning in a business setting is compared to “similar” broad concepts also used in organisations, namely: collaborative management and learning organisation. Differences and similarities of these concepts are discussed with the scope of helping organisations grow by implementing these notions in practice. It also provides an insight into the suitability of collaborative learning as the base to evolve into a learning organisation.

One of the typical activities on holiday, in addition to rest and recreation, is sightseeing. The peculiarity of peer-to-peer sightseeing stems from the fact that sightseeing, as a service, can be provided by anyone, not just licensed tour guides, and therefore the purpose of this paper is to raise awareness about the growing trend of this type of unconventional tourism product. Currently the EU is in the process of modification of the legal framework in order to remove obstacles to an adequate development of the sharing economy. This paper focuses on peer to peer tours as a growing part of the sharing economy in the tourism sector and uses multidimensional analyses. The goal of this paper is to gain an insight into the local residents’ attitudes and roles and the preferences and attitudes of tourists towards P2P sightseeing on the destination case example (Croatia). Based on a literature review, market survey and interviews, implications, limitations and further research questions are provided

The book provides learning theories and links them with adult learning. It lists advantages of collaborative learning and gives examples from the ECORL consortium countries: Albania, Croatia, Italy, Lithuania, and Spain. It ends with a detailed example of collaborative learning in an organisation.

Purpose: The main objective of this paper is to identify, the most successful element of the online promotional mix for hotel chains in the EU. Its purpose refers to understand promotional strategies by learning from the top hotel chains. Design/methodology/approach: This paper focuses on online promotion of hotel chains in the EU, its techniques and tools for communicating with the tourism market especially their investments in SEO and AdWords, two of the most prominent online promotional techniques. The research is based on observation and analytical evaluation of web sites of hotel chains. This was realised by using special digital tools with which promotional mix elements were evaluated. The research was conducted in July and August 2018 and the sample covered the ten largest European hotel chains, evaluated through 37 indicators arranged into 6 main groups. Findings: The research findings show that the most notable tools and techniques of online promotion for hotel chains in the EU are SEO, AdWords and Direct Marketing. Respectively, success of a particular online promotional tool is proportional to the investment made in it including monthly costs for a specific online promotional tool. Research/practical implications: The Internet is becoming one of the most important channels for marketing communication, making the constant development of online promotional strategy one of key elements of success. Future research should investigate how innovative promotional strategies impact SME in hospitality and the challenges of their application. Originality/value: The answer to the question “Which tools and techniques should be used and what promotional activities should be conducted?” supports the purpose and present main contribution of the paper

Hoteliers have always endeavoured to retain guests within their facilities, to profit maximally by offering them additional services. Informing guests of various options is performed within in- house marketing techniques, whereas some are ICT based. Purpose. Hotel chain websites are aimed at the acquisition of guests and as such are inadequate for displaying detailed, service and current information that guests need during their stay in a tourist destination (e.g. happy hour offer at the lobby bar). What about information provided to guests once in the tourist destination? This paper will present one such solution: the Guest.net. It is an in- destination, location-based website accessible from all Maistra Inc. properties, representing a good solution for hotel chains with various nearby positioned tourism facilities aimed at retaining guests within chain facilities. Design/Methodology/Approach. The approach used in this paper is the case study method. Findings and Implications. Klante, Kroschel and Bolls theoretical information model (2004) was expanded by adding the planning in situ phase in tourism. Benefits of the application of similar guest services for hotel chains have been listed. Limitations. Limitations steam from the case study method and relate to the minor geographical area researched. Originality. There is an evident lack in research of customers in tourism during the visit phase, regarding their decision making process, especially in the evaluation of alternatives and their purchase decision in situ (Law, Buhalis, Cobanoglu, 2014), thus this paper broadens the identified gap in the information collection phase in the destination.

Promatrano s aspekta vremenskog okvira indoor camping nije permanentan model i može se primjenjivati u trenucima povećane potražnje za smještajem ili u vrijeme evenata, pa je tada transformacija prostora koji je stavljen u tu funkciju privremena, s obzirom na to da je ipak prva namjena objekata nestambena. Time se prema Kontošić, Slivar i Floričić (2017) indoor camping svrstava u asinkronu vrstu smještaja zajedno sa house- swap, za razliku od klasičnih turističkih modela koji su permanentni, npr. hosteli, hoteli te simultanih, npr. couch surfing.

Market circumstances have led some stakeholders to faster, and some to slower market adjustments. Integration and other forms of cooperation are part of business strategies of various actors in tourism. The result of such cooperation is often innovation, I n economic growth theory, both exogenous and endogenous, innovations are recognized as a key factor for sustainable long - term economic development. Authors have critically analyzed the selected case studies. Therefore, the qualitative research method was applied. The cooperation between various stakeholders in tourism can be the basis for achieving market competitiveness by offering innovative tourist products in accordance with consumer needs. Cooperation with stakeholders is a prerequisite for innovatio ns of tourism products and for designing the more customized experience and should be further explored.

Less equipped than hostels, indoor camping provides shelter - which is what primarily differentiates it from classic, open-air camping. Beyond hospitality, it can be compared somewhat to squatting, but legally regulated for tourism purposes, since visitors sleep on the floor using their own sleeping bags. Unlike other solid tourism facilities, including second homes, the property is not only in function of holidaying but also in use for other purposes: it can be a gym, a local community club etc. This temporality and thus multifunctional use of the property is what makes indoor camping a unique model of hospitality. The attitudes of young generations regarding such a tourism product were investigated with the goal of forming a marketable model. The research was carried out on an intentional sample of students. The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of sustainability as a prerequisite for youth festivals tourism destinations dealing with peak periods of visiting and to lobby for creating an adequate legal framework that would allow this model to take hold in practice. The originality of this paper is represented by conceptual mapping of indoor camping as an innovative tourism accommodation in the broadest sense according to purpose and time dimension. The potential of indoor camping might benefit all three basic entities of sustainability. It has the power to put into function vacant buildings or enrich already existing ones by adding hospitality as a new role, without, however, permanently modifying their primary purpose.

Tourists are highly selective, they are looking for the unforgettable experiences and they want to familiarize with the tradition and the culture of the local residents, which represents a great challenge for the tourism products and service providers because they constantly have to create new and interesting activities, because tourists are no longer interested in sightseeing of the cultural and the historical heritage, but they also want to be a part of it. The purpose of this case study is to affect the perceptions of visitor of Vodnjan (Croatia) by enriching thier cultural experience. The goal is to propose a model of collaboration of tourists in the creation of such experiences. The appeal to humor, as a still underresearched topic in function of tourism, as well as the principles of co- creation, rearly used in tourism, were combined to help revalorize Vodnjan's tourism attractions and the destination itself.

Indoor camping is an innovative accommodation solution aimed at accommodation event pariticipants close to the venue, especially in cases when a destination's accommodation capacity is insufficient. The concept of indoor camping combines the elements of campsites and hostels without catering services. It puts into use already existing buildings and requires their minimal aleration for tourism purposes. The temporary character of the building is what makes the accommodation model one of the kind because guests sleep indoors, on the floor, using their own sleeping bags. This allows a multifunctional use of the real estate and almost no required construction works. Other strength points are definitely the premier location and affordable prices.The goal of thi spaper is to explore the attitudes of possibly affected stakeholders regarding the introduction of indoor camping. The research methodology includes structured questionnaire and interview with stakeholders and other scientific qualitative and quantitative methods of research. A SWOT analysis summarises the research as well as other observations and obstacles based on the researched development model.The potential of indoor camping mightbenefit events, local communities, tourists and destinations. It could have the power to revive vacant buildings or provide a new function for already existing buildings without, however, permanentlymodifying their common purpose. Since very basic special alterations should be needed, sustainable principles of tourism development are respected.

Tourists are highly selective, they are looking for the unforgettable experiences and they want to familiarize with the tradition and the culture of the local residents, which represents a great challenge for the tourism products and service providers because they constantly have to create new and interesting activities, because tourists are no longer interested in sightseeing of the cultural and the historical heritage, but they also want to be a part of it. The purpose of this case study is to affect the perceptions of visitor of Vodnjan (Croatia) by enriching their cultural experience. The goal is to propose a model of collaboration of tourists in the creation of such experiences. The appeal to humor, as a still under researched topic in function of tourism, as well as the principles of co-creation, rarely used in tourism, were combined to help revalorize Vodnjan's tourism attractions and the destination itself. This work is licensed under aCreative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License.

Less equipped than hostels, indoor camping provides shelter - which is what primarily differentiates it from classic, open-air camping. Beyond hospitality, it can be compared somewhat to squatting, but legally regulated for tourism purposes, since visitors sleep on the floor using their own sleeping bags. Unlike other solid tourism facilities, including second homes, the property is not only in function of holidaying but also in use for other purposes: it can be a gym, a local community club etc. This temporality and thus multifunctional use of the property is what makes indoor camping a unique model of hospitality. The attitudes of young generations regarding such a tourism product were investigated with the goal of forming a marketable model. The research was carried out on an intentional sample of students. The purpose of this paper is to raise awareness of sustainability as a prerequisite for youth festivals tourism destinations dealing with peak periods of visiting and to lobby for creating an adequate legal framework that would allow this model to take hold in practice. The originality of this paper is represented by conceptual mapping of indoor camping as an innovative tourism accommodation in the broadest sense according to purpose and time dimension. The potential of indoor camping might benefit all three basic entities of sustainability. It has the power to put into function vacant buildings or enrich already existing ones by adding hospitality as a new role, without, however, permanently modifying their primary purpose., Slabije opremljen od hostela, zatvoreni kamp pruža zaklon – ono što ga prvenstveno razlikuje od klasičnog kampa na otvorenome. On nadilazi klasičnu uslugu turističkog smještaja, može se usporediti sa skvotiranjem, koje je zakonski regulirano u turističke svrhe, jer posjetitelji spavaju na podu u vlastitim vrećama za spavanje. Za razliku od drugih fiksnih turističkih objekata, nekretnina nije samo u funkciji turističkog smještaja, već se njome koristi i u druge svrhe: može biti teretana, klub za lokalno stanovništvo i slično. Ova privremenost i time multifunkcionalna upotreba nekretnine čini zatvoreni kamp jedinstvenim modelom pružanja usluge turističkog smještaja. Ispitani su stavovi mladih generacija o ovakvom turističkom proizvodu, s ciljem formiranja modela koji bi se mogao plasirati na tržište. Istraživanje je provedeno na slučajnom uzorku studenata. Svrha ovog rada je podići svijest o održivosti kao preduvjet za turističke destinacije festivala mladih koji imaju udarne dane posjeta, te lobirati za stvaranje adekvatnog zakonskog okvira koji bi omogućio primjenjivanje ovog modela u praksi. Izvornost ovog rada je u konceptualnom mapiraju zatvorenih kampova kao inovativnog turističkog smještaja u najširem smislu, ako se uzme u obzir svrha i vremenska dimenzija. Potencijal zatvorenog kampa može zadovoljiti sve tri osnovne pretpostavke održivosti. On može staviti u funkciju prazne zgrade ili obogatiti postojeće dajući im pritomnovu ulogu pružanja turističke usluge smještaja, dok istovremeno ne mijenja njihovu izvornu namjenu.

The problem addressed in this paper is where to accommodate tourists in peak demand periods such as festivals and events in order to be located close to the venue. In case of such massive events when the destination accommodation capacity is insufficient or in case of heavy rain even during the spring or summer months when tent camping is practically impossible, the easiest solution is to bring into use for tourism other, already existing, buildings, such as unused schools, factories etc. This simple and applicable concept, in line with sustainability, called indoor camping, represents an innovative solution for accommodating participants of events and other tourists in extraordinary situations. The purpose of this paper is to propose a model of sustainable tourism accommodation that would host participants of events close to the venue. The development of the concept into a feasible model uses comparison to similar, low-cost accommodation: camping and hostels.

In managing a tourism destination it is paramount to reach the right balance among different interests of stakeholders whereas the most important stakeholder is the local community that will undergo the consequences of tourism development. This priority in respecting the wishes of locals makes sense till a certain point - what about cases when the local community covets more tourists in an already overcrowded destinations? In such cases the DMO should align wishes of different stakeholders to preserve sustainability, which is represented in a variation model of the triple bottom line. One of the solutions to such an issue, dealt with in this paper, is targeting guests of higher purchasing power. Increasing tourism consumption is one inevitable goal of tourism destinations. The goal of this research is tourist destination’s target groups identification and selection according to criteria of daily spending on holidays. The analyse was done on the case of one of the most popular costal tourist destinations in Croatia, Medulin, one of the regional champions in recorded number of overnight stays. The results have shown that tourists with higher household income, older tourists and more educated tourists spend more money in the destination. The implications of this research are practical.

Daje se prikaz dugoročnih i kratkoročnih trendova i izazova, odnosno makrosila iz okruženja, te se naglašava važnost i način prilagodbe turističke ponude promjenama na strani turističke potražnje.

While accommodation networks are an older concept, the idea of widespread hotels (Italian Albergo / hotel diffuso) appeared in the 90s in Italy when abandoned buildings after an earthquake in Friuli were renovated and managed as tourism accommodations. Up to today, in Italy, there are 76 registered facilities of various dispersed accommodation. This paper clarifies and denominates these types of accommodation including accommodation networks and horizontal hotels (integrated and widespread hotels) and tackles the issue of their prevalence. Namely, widespread hotels and the less complex integrated hotels have almost not come to life beyond national borders. Such hotels are in line with sustainable development and are extremely interesting for today's consumers. The authors believe that the expansion of the concept of horizontal hotels lacks a strong international brand. An analysis of the dispersed accommodation according to spatial and pooling complexity dimensions is provided, where a gap on the offer side is identified. This paper deals with the current state and possibilities of development of horizontal hotels through pooling in international chains in order to popularize them. An insight of horizontal hotels in Europe is also provided.

Kulturalni turizam se sve više izdvaja kao vid selektivnog turizma sa velikim potencijalom. Turisti koji spadaju u domenu kulturalnih turista privučeni su u destinaciju atrakcijama. Hrvatska turistička strategija također naglašava kako je osim tradicionalnih hrvatskih turističkih proizvoda, turistima potrebno ponuditi nešto više od sunca i mora. Trka na prstenac kao stara viteška igra privlači u mjesecu kolovozu mnogobrojne posjetitelje, te u njoj leži potencijal razvoja turističke atrakcije. Mogućnost organiziranja turističkih Trka na prstenac izvan glavne sezone omogućilo bi Općini Barban povećanje potrošnje, produljenje boravka turista, privlačenje gostiju više platežne moći, produljenje sezone, preusmjeravanje potražnje u manje razvijene dijelove, te očuvanje kulturnih resursa. Obilježje kulturalnog turizma je i učiniti turista participativnim, što daje mogućnost uključivanja u ponudu malih poduzetnika, obrtnika koji djeluju u Općini Barban (rančevi, izrađivači suvenira, ...).

Tourism industry has a highly fragmented value chain. There are very different ranges of companies that operate in tourism industry – from very small to large international chains. They serve wide variety of customers – tourists. Tourists are to be considered as one of the most important primary stakeholders when observed from the perspective of companies operating in tourism. However, it can be argued that many of the companies operating in tourism, particularly in Europe, are still too much product-driven and much less customer-oriented. Stronger focus on customers results in superior financial performance. Corporate citizenship is not to be left behind either. In order to achieve better financial results, managers should take into account tourists’ wants and needs. Following the mentioned, the changing global trends that affect tourists’ behavior mustn’t be neglected because of the strong impact they pose on the tourism sector in general. Competition in tourism remains fiercer than ever and traditional financial reports are no longer disclosing the adequate information. Additional disclosure is needed. Among the information on non-financial metrics, information on tourist satisfaction with destination’s offer is required to rip the financial benefits in tourism. Due to tourism multiplier effect, companies operating in other sectors will get extra benefits. In this paper, authors have proved the positive influence tourists’ satisfaction with destination’s offer has on average daily spending of tourists. Regression analysis was used for that purposes. The data on tourists satisfaction with destination offer and the data about average daily spending of tourists were collected in the selected well-know tourism destination in Croatia. Regression results indicate that tourists’ satisfaction influences tourists daily spending thus, indirectly influencing companies’ performance. In order to achieve better performance companies should focus more to increase tourists satisfaction through improvement of tourism products they offer. As per obtained results, information regarding tourists’ satisfaction should be integrated into existing reports or a supplementary report should be designed. Whilst combining information from existing financial reports and adding additional information on tourist satisfaction, managers can better prepare adequate business strategy and strategic plans for the year ahead of them. Through CSR reporting companies communicate with wider set of stakeholders, including tourists, and it can be used for increasing tourists satisfaction, which leads to higher tourists consumption. In such a way the overall company’s performance could be improved. Information about tourists’ satisfaction will be useful to different stakeholders, especially to tourists who base their decision combining various motivational factors. One such factor is destination’s offer and social responsibility of companies operating in tourism.

The desire to get to know new cultures and their way of living has always inspired people to travel. Human library initiative provides precisely that - an opportunity to get to know different people from first-hand. It is a one of a kind of library where instead of borrowing books, one “rents” people who tell their stories. This is initiative is easily applicable in tourism: both in promotion of destinations and as experience- based products, which are increasing in demand. The goal of this paper is to introduce human library as a new experience based tourism amenity that will disclose interesting stories about the destination and its residents in different languages. The development of the initiative for tourism purposes and the comparison of living books and other in- destination information provision services are provided.

OTA (Online Travel Agencies) are dot.com companies raising revenue from online sales of tourism products - thus their websites are important marketing and sales infrastructure platforms. The goal of the paper was to highlight the characteristics of websites that are more important when buying travel products and to draw attention to common web marketing mistakes of OTAs according to generation Y. The purpose was to highlight the characteristics of websites which are more important when buying travel products and to draw attention to common web marketing mistakes of OTAs according to Generation Y. Authors further suggest process oriented organization as a response in facilitating improved business performance.

The focus is on organizational innovation and strategies that spur workplace innovations. The purpose is to determine the extent to which HR strategies in terms of job design techniques can persuade innovation on a north Mediterranean hospitality pool of selected big hoteliers. A field research has been carried out and through interview sessions, theoretical hypotheses were discussed trying to find a pattern of HR strategies enabling innovation. Five case studies are presented and discussed. This paper contributes to discussion of the processes linking motivation and innovative organization and the interaction of all main processes working dynamically together to create and maintain long- run positive organizational performance. An external job rotation model is also proposed.

Two opposite approaches gravitate around Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR): shareholder vs. stakeholder approach. The first paradigm is classical: stating a company has one primary purpose i.e. profitability and is responsible to its shareholders. The second one sees the company not merely in function of its primary goal but also responsible to its employees, providers, local community, the environment etc. It is indisputable that a company operates in a certain context and in order to pursue its reason of existence it has to maintain good relationship and collaborate with others directly or indirectly involved or affected by its business, to a degree that is in line with its primary goal. This starting point was the base to integrate CSR and relationship marketing. CSR is a voluntary based concept. The purpose of this paper is to enhance CRS implementation in tourism. The authors propose a model that will encourage tourism companies to systematically and comprehensively include various CSR practices in their business, which will have a positive impact on the destination as a whole. The realization of the model gathers qualified tourism companies in an exclusive destination loyalty program and further promotes them as superior tourism providers. The involvement of all stakeholders of the tourist destinations in individual phases of the project is part of the proposed model. The model is easily applicable in practice.

This paper is concerned with appraising sustainability and competitiveness in tourism. Although competitiveness can be assessed according to a range of criteria, there is a common notion that the ability to respond to consumers’ requirements leads to the differentiations of destinations on the global market. There is no doubt that consumers look for destinations that take a lead on responsibility - better environmental and social records. Thus, tourism faces self-destruction if it fails to preserve the natural resources and socio-cultural authenticity on which it relies. Tourism needs to be marketed responsively and needs to strive for effective destination management through promoting the participation of private and public sector organizations in the development of tourism strategies. If a destination wants to record improvements in relations to sustainability and competitiveness and find appropriate ways to contribute to overall sustainability, it needs to monitor development. With respect to multidimensional sustainable boundaries, there is a need to develop multiple indicators to measure each dimension of sustainability. The purpose of this paper is to determine to what extent the coastal destination Medulin, Croatia gears to develop sustainable tourism in accordance with the methodology of European Tourism Indicator System for Sustainable Destinations (ETIS-SD). The aim is to concentrate on presenting the results in a way that make them useful to those interested in sustainable tourism development.