Search

Here we discuss a phenomenon of sharp increase in the photon number noise at initial stages of propagation in tight-binding bosonic chains with off-diagonal disorder. Such a "noise avalanche" occurs under classical coherent excitation of waveguides and leads to high super-thermal photon bunching. Additional classical excitation slows but cannot quench this noise avalanche. However, an additional single-photon excitation stops the avalanche., Comment: 23 pages, 3 figures. Comments welcome and appreciated

In this paper, we develop a theory of edge effects in graphene for its applications to nanoantennas in the terahertz, infrared, and visible frequency ranges. Its characteristic feature is selfconsistence reached due the formulation in terms of dynamical conductance instead of ordinary used surface conductivity. The physical model of edge effects is based on using the concept of Dirac fermions. The surface conductance is considered as a general susceptibility and is calculated via the Kubo approach. In contrast with earlier models, the surface conductance becomes nonhomogeneous and nonlocal. The spatial behavior of the surface conductance depends on the length of the sheet and the electrochemical potential. Results of numerical simulations are presented for lengths in the range of 2.1-800 nm and electrochemical potentials ranging between 0.1-1.0 eV. It is shown that if the length exceeded 800 nm, our model agrees with the classical Drude conductivity model with a relatively high degree of accuracy. For rather short lengths, the conductance usually exhibits spatial oscillations, which absent in conductivity and strongly affect the properties of graphene based antennas. The period and amplitude of such spatial oscillations, strongly depend on the electrochemical potential. The new theory opens the way for realizing electrically controlled nanoantennas by changing the electrochemical potential may of the gate voltage. The obtained results may be applicable for the design of carbon based nanodevices in modern quantum technologies., Comment: 24 pages, 8 figures; typos corrected

Due to the recent groundbreaking developmentsof nanotechnologies,it became possible to create intrinsically quantum systems able to serve as high-directional antennas in THz, infrared and optical ranges. Actually, the quantum antennas,as devices shaping light on thelevel of single quanta,havealreadybecomethe key elements in nanooptics and nanoelectronics. The quantum antennas are actively researched for possible implementations in quantum communications, quantum imaging and sensing,andenergy harvesting. However, the design and optimization of these emitting/receivingdevices arestill rather undevelopedin comparisonwith the well-known methods for conventional radio-frequency antennas. This review provides a discussion of the recent achievements in the concept of the quantum antenna as an open quantum systememitting via interaction with a photonic reservoir. We focuson bridging the gap between quantum antennas and their macroscopic classical analogues. We also discuss the ways of quantum-antennaimplementation for different configurations basedon such materials, as plasmonic metals, carbon nanotubes, and semiconductor quantum dots., Comment: It is a review paper (70 pages, 20 figures, 299 references)

In this article, we review the basic concepts of quantum radars as such types of the devices while highlighting differences with their classical analogs. We discuss how several concepts from traditional radars technology, e.g., target detection sensitivity, noise resilience and ranging accuracy can be translated to quantum radars. We examine such new far-field sensing protocols as quantum illumination (QI), and engineering opportunities enabled by its different realizations. We consider possibilities of achieving super-sensitivity and super-resolution using quantum correlations, and discuss possibilities to create quantum correlated states in practice., Comment: It is a brief popular review (11 pages, 7 figures, 77 references)

In this paper we developed the resolvent method for super-operator equations with their applications in quantum optics. Our approach is based on the novel concept of linear super-operator acting on the Hilbert subspace of vector or scalar linear operators satisfying physically reasonable commutation relations. The super-operator equations for the electromagnetic (EM) field operators are formulated for the problems of quantum antenna emission and quantum light scat-tering by a dielectric body. The general solution of super-operator equation is presented in terms of the classical resolvent. In contrast to the classical case, it includes the ancillary components associated with the quantum noise even in the absence of absorption. The reason for it lies in the energy exchange between different spatial regions with various bases for the field presentation (it looks like losses or gain from the point of view of the correspondent region). A number of examples (two-element dipole antenna, plane dielectric layer, and dielectric cylinder with circular cross section) which demonstrate the physical mechanism of the appearance of noise are considered. It is shown, that antenna emission or scattering transforms the coherent properties of quantum light. This opens a new way of controlling the coherence in a direction dependent manner, a feature that can be useful in various applications of quantum technologies, including, quantum radars and lidars, and quantum antennas., Comment: 26 pages with 4 figures

We propose a numerical technique for modeling the quantum multimode light scattering by a perfectly conducting body. Using the novel quantization technique, we give the quantum adaptation of the characteristic mode approach widely used in the classical electrodynamics. The method is universal with respect to the body's configuration, as well as its dimensions relative to the wavelength. Using this method and calculating the first- and the second-order field correlation functions, we demonstrate how scattering affects quantum-statistical features of the field. As an example, we consider scattering of the two single-photon incident Gaussian beams on the cylinder with circular cross-section. We show that the scattering is accompanied by the two-photon interference and demonstrates the Hong-Ou-Mandel effect. It is shown, that the scattered two-photon field and its correlations are able to manifest a varying directive propagation, which is controllable by various means (angles of incidence, configuration of the body, relations between its sizes with the frequency). We expect that this method will be useful for designing quantum-optical devices.

We proposed the general concept of quantum antenna in the strong coupling regime. It is based on the theory of open quantum systems. The antenna emission to the space is considered as an interaction with the thermal photonic reservoir. For modeling of the antenna dynamics is formulated a master equation with the correspondent Lindblad super-operators as the radiation terms. It is shown that strong coupling dramatically changes the radiation pattern of antenna. The total power pattern splits to three partial components; each corresponds to the spectral line of Mollow triplet. We analyzed the dependence of splitting from the length of antenna, shift of the phase, and Rabi-frequency. The predicted effect opens a way for implementation of multi-beam electrically tunable antennas, potentially useful in different nano-devices.

We present the model of one-dimensional chain of two-level artificial atoms driven with dc field and quantum light simultaneously in strong coupling regime. The interaction of atoms with light leads to entanglement of electron and photon states (dressing of the atoms). The driving via dc field leads to the Bloch oscillations (BO) in the chain of dressed atoms. We considered the mutual influence of dressing and BO and show that scenario of oscillations dramatically differs from predicted by the Jaynes-Cummings and Bloch-Zener models. We study the evolution of the population inversion, tunneling current, photon probability distribution, mean number of photons, photon number variance and show the influence of BO on the quantum-statistical characteristics of light. For example, collapse-revivals picture and vacuum Rabi-oscillations are strongly modulated with Bloch frequency. As a result, quantum properties of light and degree of electron-photon entanglement become controllable via adiabatic dc field turning. On the other hand, the low-frequency tunneling current depends on the quantum light statistics (in particular, for coherent initial state it is modulated accordingly the collapse-revivals picture). The developed model is universal with respect to the physical origin of artificial atom and frequency range of atom-light interaction. The model is adapted to the 2D-heterostructures (THz frequencies), semiconductor quantum dots (optical range), and Josephson junctions (microwaves). The data for numerical simulations are taken from recently published experiments. The obtained results open a new ways in quantum state engineering and nano-photonic spectroscopy.

We considered one-dimensional quantum chains of two-level Fermi particles coupled via the tunneling driven both by ac and dc fields in the regimes of strong and ultrastrong coupling. The frequency of ac field is matched with the frequency of the quantum transition. Based on the fundamental principles of electrodynamics and quantum theory, we developed a general model of quantum dynamics for such interactions. We showed that the joint action of ac and dc fields leads to the strong mutual influence of Rabi- and Bloch oscillations one to another. We focused on the regime of ultrastrong coupling, for which Bloch- and Rabi-frequencies are a significant values of the frequency of interband transition. The Hamiltonian was solved numerically with account of anti-resonant terms. It manifests by the appearance of great number of narrow high-amplitude resonant lines in the spectra of tunneling current and dipole moment. We proposed the new concept of THz spectroscopy promising for different applications in future nanoelectronics and nano-photonics., Comment: 26 pages, 20 figures

We considered one-dimensional chain of the two-level quantum systems coupled via tunneling. The chain is driven by the superposition of dc and ac fields in the strong coupling regime. Based on the fundamental principles of electrodynamics and quantum theory, we developed a generalized model of quantum dynamics for such interactions, free of rotating wave approximation (RWA). The system of motion equations was studied numerically. We analyzed the dynamics and spectra of inversion density, dipole current density and tunneling current density. In the case of resonant interaction with ac-component the particle dynamics exhibits itself in the oscillatory regime, which may be interpreted as a combination of Rabi- and Bloch oscillations with their strong mutual influence. Such scenario for an obliquely incident ac field dramatically differs from the individual picture both types of oscillations due to an interactions. This novel effect is counterintuitive because of the strongly different frequency ranges for such two types of oscillations existence. This dynamics manifests itself in multi-line spectra at different combinations of Rabi- and Bloch frequencies. The effect is promising as a framework of new type of spectroscopy in nanoelectronics and electrical control of nano-devices., Comment: 27 pages, 12 figures

A photonic circuit is generally described as a structure in which light propagates by unitary exchange and transfers reversibly between channels. In contrast, the term `diffusive' is more akin to a chaotic propagation in scattering media, where light is driven out of coherence towards a thermal mixture. Based on the dynamics of open quantum systems, the combination of these two opposites can result in novel techniques for coherent light control. The crucial feature of these photonic structures is dissipative coupling between modes, via an interaction with a common reservoir. Here, we demonstrate experimentally that such systems can perform optical equalisation to smooth multimode light, or act as a distributor, guiding it into selected channels. Quantum thermodynamically, these systems can act as catalytic coherent reservoirs by performing perfect non-Landauer erasure. For lattice structures, localised stationary states can be supported in the continuum, similar to compacton-like states in conventional flat band lattices., Comment: Accepted for publication in Nature Communications

We develop a theory for the interaction of classical light fields with an a chain of coupled quantum dots (QDs), in the strong-coupling regime, taking into account the local-field effects. The QD chain is modeled by a one-dimensional (1D) periodic array of two-level quantum particles with tunnel coupling between adjacent ones. The local-field effect is taken into regard as QD depolarization in the Hartree-Fock-Bogoliubov approximation. The dynamics of the chain is described by a system of two discrete nonlinear Schr\"{o}dinger (DNLS) equations for local amplitudes of the probabilities of the ground and first excited states. The two equations are coupled by a cross-phase-modulation cubic terms, produced by the local-field action, and by linear terms too. In comparison with previously studied DNLS systems, an essentially new feature is a phase shift between the intersite-hopping constants in the two equations. By means of numerical solutions, we demonstrate that, in this QD chain, Rabi oscillations (RO) self-trap into stable bright\textit{\ Rabi solitons} or \textit{Rabi breathers}. Mobility of the solitons is considered too. The related behavior of observable quantities, such as energy, inversion, and electric-current density, is given a physical interpretation. The results apply to a realistic region of physical parameters., Comment: 12 pages, 10 figures, Phys. Rev. B, in press

The use of carbon nanotubes as optical probes for scanning near-field optical microscopy requires an understanding of their near-field response. As a first step in this direction, we investigated the lateral resolution of a carbon nanotube tip with respect to an ideal electric dipole representing an elementary detected object. A Fredholm integral equation of the first kind was formulated for the surface electric current density induced on a single-wall carbon nanotube (SWNT) by the electromagnetic field due to an arbitrarily oriented electric dipole located outside the SWNT. The response of the SWNT to the near field of a source electric dipole can be classified into two types, because surface-wave propagation occurs with (i) low damping at frequencies less than ~ 200-250 THz and (ii) high damping at higher frequencies. The interaction between the source electric dipole and the SWNT depends critically on their relative location and relative orientation, and shows evidence of the geometrical resonances of the SWNT in the low-frequency regime. These resonances disappear when the relaxation time of the SWNT is sufficiently low. The far-field radiation intensity is much higher when the source electric dipole is placed near an edge of SWNT than at the centroid of the SWNT. The use of an SWNT tip in scattering-type scanning near-field optical microscopy can deliver a resolution less than ~ 20 nm. Moreover, our study shows that the relative orientation and distance between the SWNT and the nanoscale dipole source can be detected., Comment: 23 pages, 16 figures