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Purpose: To examine nocturnal sleep patterns, napping behaviors, and subjective wellness responses of elite water polo players within an in-season week and to identify whether sleeping patterns differ between men and women. Methods: Sleep characteristics of 10 male and 17 female professional water polo players were objectively assessed during 1 week of the in-season period, including 5 training days, 1 match day, and 1 day of rest. Internal load (rating of perceived exertion × duration of training or match) was assessed 30 minutes posttraining or postmatch, and the total quality of recovery was recorded every morning. A series of multilevel models were used to analyze the data. Results: Time in bed and wake-up time were earlier on both training (P <.001) and rest days (P <.001) than on the day of the match. Internal workload did not predict any of the players' sleeping patterns. Midday naps predicted less time in bed (P =.03) and likely less sleep time (P =.08). The total quality of recovery was predicted only by the total sleep time (P <.01). Women exhibited higher sleep efficiency (P <.001), less waking after sleep onset (P =.01), and a lower number of awakenings (P =.02) than men. Conclusions: The current results indicate that the nocturnal sleep patterns of elite water polo players are not associated with internal load and that women display better nocturnal sleep quality compared with men. As long naps interfere with nocturnal sleep, and total nocturnal sleep time predicts total quality of recovery, we suggest that athletes follow hygiene sleep strategies to facilitate adequate nocturnal sleep and next-day recovery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Few data are available on sleep characteristics of elite track-and-field athletes. Our study aimed to assess (1) differences in sleep between sexes and among different track-and-field disciplines, (2) the effect of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies on athletes' sleep parameters, and (3) daytime nap characteristics in track-and-field athletes. Methods: Sleep characteristics of 16 elite Olympic-level track-and-field athletes (male: n = 8; female: n = 8) were assessed during the preseason period, at baseline (T0), and during the in-season period, after the adoption of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies (T1). Sleep parameters were objectively monitored by actigraphy for a minimum of 10 days, for each athlete, at both T0 and T1. A total of 702 nights were analyzed (T0 = 425; T1 = 277). Results: Female athletes displayed better sleep efficiency (88.69 [87.69–89.68] vs 91.72 [90.99–92.45]; P =.003, effect size [ES]: 0.44), lower sleep latency (18.99 [15.97–22.00] vs 6.99 [5.65–8.32]; P <.001, ES: 0.65), higher total sleep time (07:03 [06:56–07:11] vs 07:18 [07:10–07:26]; P =.030, ES: 0.26), earlier bedtime (00:24 [00:16–00:32] vs 00:13 [00:04–00:22]; P =.027, ES: 0.18), and lower nap frequency (P <.001) than male athletes. Long-distance runners had earlier bedtime (00:10 [00:03–00:38] vs 00:36 [00:26–00:46]; P <.001, ES: 0.41) and wake-up time (07:41 [07:36–07:46] vs 08:18 [08:07–08:30]; P <.001, ES: 0.61), higher nap frequency, but lower sleep efficiency (88.79 [87.80–89.77] vs 91.67 [90.95–92.38]; P =.013, ES: 0.44), and longer sleep latency (18.89 [15.94–21.84] vs 6.69 [5.33–8.06]; P <.001, ES: 0.67) than athletes of short-term disciplines. Furthermore, sleep-hygiene strategies had a positive impact on athletes' total sleep time (429.2 [423.5–434.8] vs 451.4 [444.2–458.6]; P <.001, ES: 0.37) and sleep latency (14.33 [12.34–16.32] vs 10.67 [8.66–12.68]; P =.017, ES: 0.19). Conclusions: Sleep quality and quantity were suboptimal at baseline in Olympic-level track-and-field athletes. Large differences were observed in sleep characteristics between sexes and among different track-and-field disciplines. Given the positive effect of individualized sleep-hygiene strategies on athlete's sleep, coaches should implement sleep education sessions in the daily routine of top-level athletes. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Short sleep duration and poor sleep quality are common in swimmers. Sleep-hygiene strategies demonstrated beneficial effects on several sleep parameters. The present study assessed the impact of a multisession sleep-hygiene training course on sleep in elite swimmers. Methods: Twenty-eight elite swimmers (17 [2] y) participated. The sleep-hygiene strategy consisted of 3 interventions. Sleep was measured by actigraphy for 7 days before the beginning of the intervention (baseline), after the first collective intervention (postintervention), after the second collective intervention (postintervention 2), and, finally, after the individual intervention (postintervention 3). The Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS) was completed concurrently. Swimmers were classified into 2 groups: nonsomnolent (baseline ESS score ≤ 10, n = 13) and somnolent (baseline ESS score ≥ 11, n = 15). Results: All swimmers had a total sleep time of <8 hours per night. Sixty percent of swimmers were moderately morning type. Later bedtime, less time in bed, and total sleep time were observed in the somnolent group compared with the nonsomnolent group at baseline. An interaction between training course and group factors was observed for bedtime, with a significant advance in bedtime between baseline, postintervention 2, and postintervention 3 for the somnolent group. Conclusions: The present study confirms the importance of implementing sleep-hygiene strategies, particularly in athletes with an ESS score ≥11. A conjunction of individual and collective measures (eg, earlier bedtime, napping, and delaying morning training session) could favor the total sleep time achieved. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: To assess the effects of a sleep hygiene strategy on parameters of sleep quality and quantity in youth elite rugby union players. Method: Eleven male players (age: 19.0 [1.4] y) undertook a sleep hygiene strategy composed of 2 theoretical sessions and 3 practical sessions over a 4-week period. Sleeping time, time in bed, total sleep time, sleep latency (SL), sleep efficiency (SE), wake after sleep onset, and wake bouts were recorded with an actigraphic device during the 4-week sleep hygiene strategy (baseline) and during 4 weeks after the last intervention (postintervention). Results: At baseline, the overall group reported poor sleep quantity (total sleep time = 6:27 [0:30] min), but sleep quality was considered acceptable (SL = 0:18 [0:08] min and SE = 77.8% [5.8%]). Postintervention, the overall group showed a small improvement in SL (d = −0.23 [−0.42 to −0.04], P =.003) and SE (d = 0.30 [0.03 to 0.57], P =.0004). For individual responses, sleeping time, time in bed, and total sleep time were positively influenced in only 4, 3, and 5 players, respectively. For parameters of sleep quality, SL and SE were positively influenced in a majority of players (n = 7 and 8, respectively). The magnitude of difference between baseline and postintervention was strongly associated with baseline values in SE (r = −.86; P =.0005) and wake after sleep onset (r = −.87; P =.0007). Conclusion: A sleep hygiene strategy is efficient to improve sleep quality but not sleep quantity in young rugby union players. The strategy was more efficient in players with lower initial sleep quality and should be implemented prior to a high cumulative fatigue period. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary Utilizing a randomized control design, 42 healthy adults (22.5 ± 2.8 years) participated in alternate‐day modified fasting over a 12‐day treatment period. Assessments of sleep included sleep time, efficiency, latency and wake after sleep onset, and assessments of physical activity included steps, energy expenditure, sedentary time, time spent in light physical activity and time spent in moderate‐to‐vigorous activity. Additional measurements included body composition and mood. The alternate‐day modified fasting group consumed 25.8% ± 0.3% fewer calories compared with the control group (p = 0.03). There were no differences between groups for change in body mass index (p = 0.87), total fat mass (p = 0.91) or total lean mass (p = 0.88). Daily energy expenditure did not differ between groups (p = 0.11). On fast days, participants spent 34.5 ± 12.7 more minutes sedentary (p = 0.01), took 1100 ± 362 fewer steps (p < 0.01), and engaged in 27.2 ± 8.4 fewer minutes of moderate‐to‐vigorous physical activity (p = 0.00) compared with non‐fasting days. Sleep duration, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset were not different between conditions (p = 0.92, p = 0.10, p = 0.09 and p = 0.66, respectively). We conclude that alternate‐day modified fasting does not alter sleep time, efficiency, latency or wake after sleep onset in people reporting poor sleep quality, and does not alter overall physical activity. Although average daily physical activity is not altered, fasting in this manner does tend to result in more sedentary time and less physical activity with compensation on non‐fasting days. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

AbstractThe objectives of this prospective study were to explore the health-related lifestyle of police cadets and assess changes in their health behaviors following entry into the police force. To do so, 190 police cadets completed an online questionnaire assessing their physical activity level, sedentary behaviors, diet quality, sleep hygiene, alcohol consumption, cigarette smoking, and stress level. One year following their graduation from the police training program, participants were invited to, once again, complete the questionnaire. Our results suggest that police cadets generally display healthy lifestyles, with very few cadets being physically inactive, smokers, reporting insufficient sleep duration, and displaying obesity. Nevertheless, paired-sample comparisons highlighted significant decreases in physical activity, fruit and vegetable intake, sleep duration, and sleep quality at the follow-up. Likewise, significant increases in fast-food consumption and BMI were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aim Methods Results Conclusions The aim of the study was to examine the relationship between sleep problems and executive functions in pre‐school children as reported by parents/caregivers.This cross‐sectional study of caregiver‐child dyads was conducted in a public kindergarten school in Northern Thailand. Sleep problems were evaluated using the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ), whereas executive functions were assessed using the Behavioural Rating Inventory of Executive Function – pre‐school version (BRIEF‐P). T‐scores greater than 65 of the BRIEF‐P were defined as deficits in executive functions. Multiple linear regressions were performed to assess the association between the executive function components and the total CSHQ scores.Participants included 356 children, with a mean age of 5.04 (0.54) years. The total CSHQ scores of the executive dysfunction group were significantly higher than those of the group with executive functions below the cutoff (P < 0.001), which indicated more of sleep problems, including sleep‐onset delay, night waking and daytime sleepiness. However, the duration of night sleep, night awake, afternoon nap and total sleep time reported by parents did not differ between the two groups. Weak positive correlations between the total CSHQ and subscale scores and the Global Executive Composite score of the BRIEF‐P were noted. After adjusting for confounding variables, including child's age, gender, prematurity, maternal age and education, family income and media viewing time from the multiple linear regression analysis, the total CSHQ scores were significantly correlated with worse Global Executive Composite scores, which is the summary of five domains of executive functions (P < 0.001).This study highlights the association between sleep problems and deficits in executive functions in healthy pre‐school children. Health‐care providers are encouraged to consistently advocate for proper sleep hygiene and practices to enhance executive functions in pre‐schoolers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Due to work commitments, shiftworkers often obtain inadequate sleep, consequently experiencing negative health, wellbeing, and safety outcomes. Given shiftworkers may have limited control over their work commitments, lifestyle and environmental factors within their control may present an intervention opportunity. However, such interventions require tailoring to ensure applicability for this sleep-vulnerable population. Methods: A randomised waitlist control pilot trial investigated the effectiveness of mobile health application Sleepfit, which delivered a tailored sleep health intervention aimed at improving sleep health and sleep hygiene outcomes amongst paramedic shiftworkers. Outcome measures of self-reported sleep health (sleep need, duration, and quality, fatigue, Insomnia Severity Index, Fatigue Severity Scale, and Epworth Sleepiness Scale scores) and sleep hygiene (Sleep Hygiene Index score) were collected at baseline, post-intervention, and 3-month follow-up. Results: Fifty-eight paramedics (aged 33.4 ± 8.0 years; 50% male) were recruited, and trialed Sleepfit for a 14-day intervention period between August 2021–January 2022. For all participants, there was a significant reduction in Insomnia Severity Index and Sleep Hygiene index scores after intervention engagement. Regression models demonstrated no significant intervention effect on sleep health or sleep hygiene outcomes (intervention versus waitlist control group). A high study drop-out rate (91.4%) prevented assessment of outcomes at 3-month follow-up. Conclusions: Pilot trial findings demonstrate that Sleepfit may elicit improvements in sleep health and sleep hygiene outcomes amongst paramedic shiftworkers. However, low enrolment and retention means that findings should be interpreted with caution, further highlighting potential engagement challenges, especially among paramedics who are particularly in need of support for improved sleep. Trial registration: Prospectively registered with the Australian New Zealand Clinical Trial Registry 24/01/2020 (reference no. ACTRN12620000059965). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction Rotating shiftwork schedules are known to disrupt sleep in a manner that can negatively impact safety. Consumer sleep technologies (CSTs) may be a useful tool for sleep tracking, but the standard feedback provided by CSTs may not be salient to shift-working populations. SleepTank is an app that uses the total sleep time data scored by a CST to compute a percentage that equates hours of sleep to the fuel in a car and warns the user to sleep when the "tank" is low. Royal Australian Navy aircraft maintenance workers operating on a novel rotational shift schedule were given Fitbit Versa 2s to assess sleep timing, duration, and efficiency across a 10-week period. Half of the participants had access to just the Fitbit app while the other half had access to Fitbit and the SleepTank app. The goal of this study was to evaluate differences in sleep behavior between shifts using an off-the-shelf CST and to investigate the potential of the SleepTank app to increase sleep duration during the 10-week rotational shift work schedule. Materials and Methods Royal Australian Navy volunteers agreed to wear a Fitbit Versa 2 with the SleepTank app (SleepTank condition), or without the SleepTank app (Controls), for up to 10 weeks from May to July 2023 during the trial of a novel shift rotation schedule. Participants from across 6 units worked a combination of early (6:00 AM to 2:00 PM), day (7:30 AM to 4:30 PM), late (4:00 PM to 12:00 AM), and night shifts (12:00 AM to 6:00 AM) or stable day shifts (6:00 AM to 4:00 PM). Differences in sleep behavior (time in bed, total sleep time, bedtime, wake time, sleep efficiency [SE]) between conditions and shift types were tested using Analysis of Variance. This study was approved by the Australian Departments of Defence and Veterans' Affairs Human Research Ethics Committee. Results Thirty-four participants completed the full study (n  = 17 Controls; n  = 17 SleepTank). There was a significant effect of shift type on 24-hour time in bed (TIB24; F(4,9) = 8.15, P  < .001, η2 = 0.15) and total sleep time (TST24; F(4,9) = 8.54, P  < .001, η2 = 0.18); both were shorter in early shifts and night shifts compared to other shift types. TIB24 and TST24 were not significantly different between conditions, but there was a trend for greater SE in the SleepTank condition relative to Controls (F(1,9) = 2.99, P  = .08, η2 = 0.11). Conclusions Sleep data collected by Fitbit Versa 2s indicated shorter sleep duration (TIB24, TST24) for Royal Australian Navy workers during early and late shifts relative to stable day shifts. Access to the SleepTank app did not greatly influence measures of sleep duration but may be protective against fatigue by affecting SE. Further research is needed to evaluate the utility of the SleepTank app as a means of improving sleep hygiene in real-world, shift-working environments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Racial and ethnic minority adolescents living in urban settings experience sleep disparities. Few interventions have been developed to address these disparities. Guided by principles of participatory design and inclusion, our team developed a novel intervention that combined sleep hygiene education with mind-body integrative health (MBIH) practices to improve sleep quality among adolescents in New York City. The goal of this article is to describe our iterative development and design process, the final product, and future directions. Our participatory approach incorporated information from formative work with adolescents having lived experience, practitioners, and syntheses of published literature. The final intervention—Sleeping Healthy, Living Healthy—consists of six, 40-minute group sessions and one 20-minute individual session designed for high school students. Each session has a set of learning objectives, combining instruction, group activities, and discussions on sleep hygiene and MBIH topics. Our manualized intervention includes handouts created by a graphic design team that served as a review and reminder for home practice. We describe intervention implementation to two unique cohorts and detail our methods used to fine-tune the intervention between cohorts. Our partnership with and insights from both adolescents and practitioners serve as a guide for researchers aiming to use participatory methods to develop interventions to decrease health disparities in specific populations. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Shorter sleep duration can negatively impact children's daytime functioning and health. Latino children living near urban areas in the Mainland U.S. and Island Puerto Rico (PR) can be exposed to urban poverty and sociocultural stressors that challenge optimal sleep outcomes. Interventions to improve urban Latino children's sleep health should consider families' cultural background and environmental context to enhance acceptability and feasibility. This work describes our stepwise, multimethod approach to adapting a culturally and contextually tailored "School Intervention to Enhance Latino Students' Time Asleep (SIESTA)" for sixth- to eighth-grade Latino children residing in Greater Providence and San Juan and findings from a pilot randomized control trial (RCT) demonstrating SIESTA's efficacy. Results indicated high acceptability and greater improvement of sleep duration and behaviors in SIESTA versus control participants. The SIESTA shows potential to improve sleep outcomes in urban Latino middle schoolers. Results will inform a large-scale RCT to evaluate SIESTA's effectiveness and barriers to implementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Sleep has been recognized as one of the most essential recovery methods necessary for achieving optimal performance. However, there is still a lack of scientific literature focused on examining its impact on one of the most prevalent skills in the game of basketball, the countermovement vertical jump (CVJ). Therefore, the purpose of the present study was to examine the relationship between sleep quality and quantity, and lower-body neuromuscular performance characteristics within a cohort of semiprofessional male basketball players. Twenty-eight athletes competing in a first-tier regional league in Serbia volunteered to participate in this investigation. Upon arrival at the gym, all athletes completed the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) self-rated questionnaire. Immediately after completion of the PSQI, each athlete stepped on a force plate system and performed three maximum-effort CVJs with no arm swing. The following force-time metrics were obtained for the analysis: eccentric and concentric absolute and relative mean and peak force and power, vertical jump height, and reactive strength index-modified. Pearson product-moment correlation coefficients were used to examine the strength of the linear relationships between sleep quality and quantity and lower-body neuromuscular performance characteristics (p < 0.05). The results indicated that sleep quality appears to have a greater impact on the concentric than the eccentric phase of the CVJ (e.g., concentric mean force [r = -0.830; p < 0.001], relative concentric peak force [r = -0.466; p = 0.013, eccentric mean power (r = -0.162; p = 0.409)], while no significant relationship was found between sleep quantity and lower-body neuromuscular performance (e.g., concentric peak force [r = -0.055; p = 0.782], relative eccentric mean power [r = -0.301; p = 0.107]). Overall, these findings offer valuable insights into the importance of good sleep hygiene (e.g., efficiency, duration) in an athletic population, and can help practitioners develop more effective training and recovery programs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The American Heart Association (AHA) recently redefined cardiovascular health (CVH) with the introduction of Life's Essential 8 (LE8), which encompasses eight areas (diet, physical activity, nicotine exposure, sleep duration body mass index, non-HDL cholesterol, blood glucose, and blood pressure). This study aimed to explore the relationships between both the aggregate and individual CVH metrics, as defined by Life's Essential 8, and cognitive function in older adults in the United States. This cross-sectional, population-based study analyzed data from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey conducted between 2011 and 2014, focusing on individuals aged 60 years and older. CVH was categorized as low (0–49), moderate (50–79), or high (80–100). Cognitive function was assessed through the CERAD tests, Animal Fluency test, and Digit Symbol Substitution test. Multivariable logistic models and restricted cubic spline models were employed to investigate these associations. This study included a total of 2279 older adults in the United States. Only 11% of adults achieved a high total CVH score, while 12% had a low score. After further adjustment for potential confounding factors, higher LE8 scores were significantly associated with higher scores on CERAD: delayed recall score (0.02[0.01, 0.03]; P < 0.001), CERAD: total score (3 recall trials) (0.04[0.02, 0.06]; P < 0.001), animal fluency: total score (0.09[0.05, 0.12]; P < 0.001), and digit symbol: score (0.29[0.18, 0.41]; P < 0.001), demonstrating a linear dose–response relationship. Similar patterns were also observed in the associations between health behavior and health factor scores with cognitive function tests. LE8 scores exhibited positive linear associations with cognitive function. Maintaining better levels of CVH may be associated with higher levels of cognitive function in older Americans, but further research is needed to confirm the causal and temporal relationships between LE8 and cognitive function. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The COVID-19 pandemic disrupted the daily life and routines of Americans across the United States (U.S.), including those of our active-duty service members (ADSMs). Limited movement orders enacted during this time to promote social distancing prohibited access to fitness and dining facilities for ADSMs. This study aims to expand on previous work identifying changes in body mass index (BMI) among U.S. Army service members by identifying changes in body mass index (BMI) among active-duty service members from both the Navy and Marine Corps during the same time period. Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study of active-duty service members from the Navy and Marine Corps using data from the Military Health System Data Repository. BMI was calculated and categorized according to CDC guidelines both before (February 2019 - January 2020) and during the pandemic (September 2020 - June 2021). Women who were pregnant or delivered during and one year prior to the study periods were excluded. Statistical analyses included paired t-tests evaluating mean BMI, percent change, and the Stuart-Maxwell test for marginal homogeneity. Results: We identified 98,330 active-duty Sailors and 55,298 active-duty Marines for inclusion in this study. During the pandemic period the percentage of Sailors with Underweight decreased by 11%, Healthy weight decreased by 11.1%, Overweight increased by 2.1%, and the percentage of Sailors with Obesity increased by 16.5%. During this same time period, Marines with Underweight decreased by 1%, Healthy weight decreased by 16%, Overweight increased by 3.0%, and Marines with Obesity increased by 51%. The largest increases in service members with overweight and obesity observed among both cohorts were among female service members, service members under age 20, and service members with a Junior Enlisted rank. Conclusions: Significant increases in obesity were observed amongst active-duty United States Navy and Marine Corps service members during DoD pandemic mitigation efforts. Increased rates of obesity likely effected fitness and force readiness. Future interventions should be targeted at younger, Junior-Enlisted Marines and Sailors to promote healthy lifestyles and provide education on nutrition, appropriate exercise, sleep hygiene, and stress management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study sought to understand how university student's academic discipline relates to sleep factors including attitudes, hygiene, quality, and duration. Methods: Using a cross-sectional approach, a 30-min survey was advertised to students at two Canadian universities in March of 2022. Sleep measures included the Dysfunctional Beliefs and Attitudes Scale, the Sleep Hygiene Index, the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index, and the Insomnia Severity Index. Academic discipline was categorized into four groups: Health, Arts, Sciences, and Engineering. Multiple linear regressions were used to investigate (1) the effect of academic discipline on sleep measures, and (2) the effect of academic discipline, dysfunctional sleep attitudes, and sleep hygiene practices on insomnia, sleep quality and duration. Results: 1,566 students completed the survey (69.4% women; 80.3% undergraduates). Compared to Health students, Art students had worse dysfunctional sleep attitudes, hygiene, quality, and insomnia severity (p < 0.001). This relationship disappeared after controlling for differences in mental health (p = 0.05). Art students had longer sleep durations (p < 0.01), whereas Engineering students had shorter sleep durations (p < 0.05). When dysfunctional sleep attitudes and hygiene were included in the model, both academic discipline (p < 0.05) and sleep hygiene (p < 0.001) were associated with sleep duration. Sleep hygiene and attitudes were also associated with sleep quality and insomnia severity (p < 0.001), while academic discipline was not (p = 0.05). Discussion: These results suggest differences in sleep quality across academic discipline are impacted by dysfunctional sleep attitudes, sleep hygiene, and mental health, whereas differences in sleep duration appear to be independent of these factors. Overall, students in different academic disciplines have unique relationships with sleep and thus may require targeted approaches to improve their sleep. Future interventions should focus on supporting sleep hygiene and attitudes to improve students' sleep and well-being. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Throughout their academic pursuits, students may encounter various sleep-related issues, including insomnia, sleep apnea, hypersomnia, or sleep terror disorder. These disorders can profoundly impact their well-being, emotional state, and academic achievements. Objective: This study, of significant relevance to the field of nursing and sleep disorders, aimed to investigate the prevalence of sleep disorders and their impact on academic performance among undergraduate nursing students in the United Arab Emirates. Methods: A cross-sectional research method was implemented among 177 undergraduate nursing students. Two tools were used: Too I consisted of two parts: sociodemographic and academic performance classifications, whereas Tool II comprised the SLEEP-50 questionnaire. Results: Our findings revealed that 30.6% of nursing students had one or more sleep disorders. Insomnia was the most prevalent among the nursing students (37.5%), followed by circadian rhythm (33.3%), narcolepsy (26.6%), sleep apnea and restless leg syndrome (25%), nightmares (22.2%), and sleepwalking (11.11%). There was a significant relation between restless leg syndrome and academic performance, while in linear regression analysis, it was found that the variable that most affects sleep is gender. Conclusion: The implications of this study's findings are clear-nursing schools must intensify their efforts to raise awareness about the detrimental effects of sleep problems on academic performance. Furthermore, subsequent research is crucial to evaluate the execution of interventions aimed at preventing such disorders. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Insomnia is a prevalent sleep disorder that negatively impacts daytime functioning and quality of life. Breast cancer patients report higher rates of insomnia and more circadian disruption than other cancer groups. Approximately 50% of patients experience acute insomnia following breast cancer diagnosis, which often persists during cancer treatment and rehabilitation. Sleep Restriction Therapy (SRT) is a clinically effective and tolerable treatment for persistent insomnia in breast cancer survivors. However, SRT has never been tested on patients with early signs of sleep disturbance who are undergoing cancer treatment. The aim of this pilot randomised controlled trial is to explore the feasibility and preliminary effectiveness of nurse delivered SRT for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with acute insomnia. The trial has been registered on ClinicalTrials.gov (identifier: NCT06294041). Methods: The INVEST (INvestigating the Value of Early Sleep Therapy) trial will recruit 50 newly diagnosed breast cancer patients who meet criteria for acute insomnia. Patients will be recruited from breast cancer results clinics within two Scottish health boards (NHS Grampian and NHS Greater Glasgow and Clyde) and will be block randomised (1:1) to receive nurse delivered SRT or Sleep Hygiene Education (SHE). SRT will be delivered over 4 weekly sessions comprising two face-to-face meetings (either in person or online) and two telephone calls, whereas SHE will be administered in booklet form. Outcomes will be collected at baseline, 6 weeks, and 12 weeks post-randomisation. Primary outcomes in this trial relate to the feasibility of SRT for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients with acute insomnia. Specifically, we will explore (i) rates of patient recruitment and retention, (ii) intervention fidelity, (iii) data collection procedures and outcome measure completion, (iv) intervention acceptability. Secondary outcomes will focus on preliminary evaluation of patient responses to SRT, including insomnia severity, rest-activity rhythms, and mental health. Dissemination: Our dissemination plan comprises publishing trial outcomes in high-impact, peer-reviewed journals and on breast cancer charity websites and other patient resources. The outcomes from this pilot trial will also inform the development of a full-scale, multicentre RCT of SRT for acute insomnia in newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. University of Strathclyde is the sponsor (reference: UEC23/52). Protocol version v1.2 4 October 2023. Strengths and limitations of this study: This trial is the first to explore the value of sleep prehabilitation for newly diagnosed breast cancer patients. This will be the first trial to assess the feasibility of delivering SRT during breast cancer treatment, providing valuable insight into its tolerability and preliminary effectiveness. An embedded process evaluation will assess the acceptability of SRT, providing insight into potential optimisation of the intervention and recommendations for enhancing its future scalability and translation within cancer care. Due to the nature of the SRT intervention, nurse therapists and patients cannot be blinded to treatment allocation, increasing the risk of bias. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current study investigated if Bio-Electro-Magnetic-Energy-Regulation (BEMER) therapy is affecting subjective sleep among a sample of 21 elite female football players in a Norwegian top series club. Subjective sleep was measured each day over a period of 273 consecutive days by using a smartphone application, PM Reporter Pro, which scheduled push messages to remind the participants to report sleep every morning. The study was conducted as a quasi-experimental design, with a control period before the introduction of BEMER therapy that lasted for 3 months, followed by an intervention period where BEMER therapy was used that lasted for 5 months. The collected data from the players in the control period served as their control compared to the data collected from the players in the intervention period. Analyses of variance (ANOVA) with False Discovery Rate adjusted p-values show that subjective sleep duration and subjective sleep quality are significantly reduced on game nights, both in the control period and in the experiment period. The results also show that subjective sleep duration and subjective sleep quality significantly increase in the experiment period compared to the control period. The findings indicate that BEMER therapy might serve as a tool to improve sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aims Methods/Data Sources Results Conclusion/Implications Impact Reporting Method Patient or Public Contribution Trial and Protocol Registration To consolidate adolescents' perspectives regarding various aspects of sleep and offer insights to promote healthier sleep habits during their critical developmental years.Six electronic databases (PubMed, CINAHL, Embase, Scopus, PsycINFO and Web of Science) were searched from their inception dates to June 2023. Data were extracted and meta‐summarised using Sandelowski and Barroso's approach and synthesised using Thomas and Harden's thematic analysis framework.Meta‐synthesis from 11 peer‐reviewed published studies identified four main themes: (1) Awareness and understanding of sleep's significance, (2) The shadows and radiance of slumber, (3) Traversing the sleepscape: trouble bubbles and (4) Illuminating the path: Guiding lights to enhanced sleep.Our review findings suggest a lack of awareness and guidance regarding the significance of sleep and the cultivation of good sleep habits among adolescents. Identified barriers to adequate sleep encompass various factors, including overthinking, poor habits, family/environmental influences, extensive technology use, peer pressure, the fear of missing out, academic demands and involvement in extracurricular activities. Strategies to improve adolescents' sleep health involve multiple sleep strategies, including sleep education, workshops/seminars, parental involvement, incorporating digital well‐being practices, the promotion of relaxation techniques and the provision of essential resources. Prioritising sleep health and implementing targeted interventions are key steps to empower adolescents, create supportive environments and shape a healthier future generation. Future research endeavours should focus on evaluating the effectiveness of interventions and exploring the influence of cultural factors. There exists a notable lack of awareness and guidance regarding the significance of sleep and the cultivation of good sleep habits among adolescents. Barriers to achieving adequate sleep among adolescents include overthinking, poor habits, family/environmental influences, extensive technology use, peer pressure, the fear of missing out, academic demands and involvement in extracurricular activities. The collaboration between healthcare institutions, professionals and educational institutions is crucial to facilitate (1) the implementation of sleep education workshops/seminars targeting adolescents, (2) increased parental involvement and role‐modelling to instil good sleep practices among adolescents and (3) enhanced integration of digital well‐being practices, the promotion of relaxation techniques and accessibility to essential sleep hygiene resources. Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta‐Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.No patient or public contribution.This review was registered on the Prospective Register of Systematic Reviews (CRD42023403775). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and hypothesis Published literature suggests that sleep duration and quality may be affected in adults with chronic kidney disease. However, the relationship between these two entities remains a matter of debate. The objective of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to assess the effect of sleep duration and quality on chronic kidney disease. Methods A systematic review of the Medline/PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and CINAHL databases was conducted for articles pertaining to the association between sleep duration and quality on chronic kidney disease. The main outcome was the hazard/risk ratio of chronic kidney disease in patients of varying sleep durations and quality. Results In total, 42 studies (2 613 971 patients) with a mean age of 43.55 ± 14.01 years were included in the meta-analysis. Compared with a reference range of 7 to 8 hours of sleep, short sleep durations of ≤4 hours (RR 1.41, 95% CI: 1.16 to 1.71, P < 0.01), ≤5 hours (RR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.22 to 1.76, P < 0.01), ≤6 hours (RR 1.18, 95% CI: 1.09 to 1.29, P < 0.01), and ≤7 hours (RR 1.19, 95% CI: 1.12 to 1.28, P < 0.01) were significantly associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease. Long sleep durations of ≥8 hours (RR 1.15, 95% CI: 1.03 to 1.28, P < 0.01) and ≥9 hours (RR 1.46, 95% CI: 1.28 to 1.68, P < 0.01) were also significantly associated with an increased risk of incident chronic kidney disease. Meta-regression did not find any significant effect of age, gender, geographical region, and BMI and an association with sleep duration and risk of incident chronic kidney disease. Conclusion Both short and long sleep durations were significantly associated with a higher risk of chronic kidney disease. Interventions targeted toward achieving an optimal duration of sleep may reduce the risk of incident chronic kidney disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The current descriptive study reports the sleep, diet, and exercise patterns among 114 dementia caregivers, whose mean age was 55.7 (SD: 10.4) years, with 83 (72.8%) being women. The results indicate significant sleep dysfunction: 37.2% of caregivers reported rarely or never feeling rested upon waking, and 46.5% did not get enough sleep, with 45.6% sleeping only 5 to 5.5 h on average. Sleep latency was also prevalent, as 33.3% required 16 to 30 min to fall asleep. Dietary habits showed reliance on coffee, with 69.4% consuming it daily. Meat consumption was reported by 75%, and 60.9% ate pasta, indicating common dietary preferences. While 86.2% had one to three meals per day, 100% of the caregivers supplemented their diets with vitamins. The physical activity level was low, with 62.3% of respondents reporting no exercise in the past week. These findings underscore significant health concerns among dementia caregivers, including sleep deprivation, inadequate nutrition, and physical inactivity. The report emphasizes the need for targeted interventions to promote self-care practices that can enhance caregivers' health, including better sleep hygiene, balanced nutrition, and regular exercise. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Purpose: Pregnancy-related psychophysiological changes are associated with the sleep alterations as the gestational weeks progress. The aim is to evaluate the effectiveness of sleep hygiene education programs during pregnancy. Methods: This prospective randomized controlled study based on pre–post-test after intervention consists of 30 studies and 30 control groups. Pregnant descriptive form, Beck Depression Index (BDI), Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) and sleep hygiene index (SHI) questionnaires were used. Pregnant women with a score of 15 and above according to BDI were excluded from the study due to depression. Following the application of PSQI and SHI as a pretest, a sleep hygiene training program was applied to the intervention group twice with an interval of 15 days, and PSQI and SHI surveys were repeated as a posttest at the end of 1 month. End points with prespecified hypotheses were changes in sleep quality in different trimesters during antenatal follow-up (primary end point) and changes in sleep quality after the sleep hygiene education intervention from randomization to the end of the intervention period (secondary end point). Results: 90% of all pregnant women had poor sleep quality in the pre-test, and 93.3% in the post-test. In the intervention group, the pre-test PSQI score was 8.10 ± 1.80 and the post-test PSQI score was 8.37 ± 2.05 (p < 0.001). In the control group, the pre-test PSQI score was 8.23 ± 2.54 and the post-test PSQI score was 9.77 ± 2.54, and the worsening of sleep quality became more evident (p < 0.05). While the SHI in intervention group was 16.57 ± 5.64 in the pre-test, it was 10.30 ± 3.78 in the post-test after sleep hygiene training (p < 0.001). In the control group, the pre-test SHI scores increased from 14.50 ± 3.78 to the post-test scores of 16.60 ± 4.36, resulting in a decline in sleep hygiene and sleep quality (p < 0.05). Conclusion: As the gestational week progressed, the deterioration in sleep quality increased. The poor sleep quality improved significantly after sleep hygiene education counseling. It is recommended to add sleep-related screenings to routine pregnancy follow-ups and to provide sleep hygiene education. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: We investigated the effect of a 7-month healthy lifestyle intervention on cardiometabolic risk factors (CMRF) among male career military firefighters (FFs). Methods: Forty-nine FFs participated in a 7-month workplace multiddisciplinary healthy lifestyle intervention designed to reduce CMRF through exercise, diet, and improved sleep. Medical assessments, accelerometry, and surveys at the beginning and end determined program effectiveness. Results: At the end of the intervention period, there was a significant improvement in measures of body composition and blood glucose. The prevalence of hypertension also decreased significantly (P < 0.01). The 57% of participants who fully adhered to the program had significantly greater improvements across multiple CMRF. Participants increased their physical activity and improved their diet following the intervention. Conclusions: This healthy lifestyle intervention was effective in changing behavior and lowering cardiometabolic risk among FFs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In Chinese adolescents, the co-occurrence of depressive symptoms and short sleep duration constitute a serious public health issue. This study investigates the association between depressive symptoms and sleep duration of Chinese adolescents on weekdays as well as weekends. A multistage random cluster selection was utilized to select 2660 adolescents in Taiyuan, China. The survey contents included demographic characteristics, sleep duration, and depressive symptoms. About 41.95 % of students reported depressive symptoms with an average sleep duration of 7.71 ± 0.90 h. After adjusting for covariates, depressive symptoms were found to be positively correlated with sleep duration <6 h (OR = 1.88, 95 % CI: 1.20, 2.95) and 6 ~ h (OR = 1.61, 95 % CI: 1.18, 2.20) on weekdays, and sleep duration <6 h (OR = 2.10, 95 % CI: 1.17, 3.79) and 6 ~ hours (OR = 1.74, 95 % CI: 1.16, 2.62) on weekends compared with a sleep duration of 8 ~ hours. Only on weekdays, sleep duration of 7 ~ hours was positively correlated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.39, 95%CI: 1.05, 1.84). On weekends, it was not associated with depressive symptoms (OR = 1.06, 95%CI: 0.82, 1.39). In subgroup analyses, female students (OR = 2.88, 1.97, 1.50) and middle school students (OR = 3.50, 2.07, 1.50) were more likely to experience depressive symptoms on weekdays with a sleep duration of <6 h, 6 ~ hours and 7 ~ hours. Sleep duration and depressive symptoms were self-reported measures. The study highlights that short sleep duration (< 7 h) increases the risk of depressive symptoms among adolescents regardless of weekdays or weekends. Just on weekdays, the sleep duration of 7 ~ hours was a risk factor for depressive symptoms. Further, gender, grade, and the only-child played significant modification effects between depressive symptoms and sleep duration. To conclude, this study will assist in the effective promotion of the education of adolescents' sleep health. • Depressive symptoms & short sleep duration is a serious health issue in adolescents. • A correlation exists between adolescents' depressive symptoms and sleep duration. • Short sleep increases depressive symptoms risk regardless of weekday or weekend. • Female and middle schoolers are at higher depression risk due to inadequate sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Accidental suffocation and strangulation in bed continues to be a critical issue in Black communities, despite the widespread initiatives to promote safe sleep. Doulas are in an ideal position to promote safe sleep, particularly in hard-to-reach communities that are more distrusting of conventional medical providers. Little is known about their practices and perspectives for putting infants down to rest. This study informs this gap in the literature. Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore doulas' perspectives and practices in the field of putting infants down to sleep. The researchers aimed to determine whether Black caregivers that work with doulas are likely to encounter safe sleep education. Methods: The researchers used a descriptive approach to inquiry. They conducted three focus groups with a total of 17 Black doulas. The researchers independently and critically reviewed the transcriptions and observation notes from each group to identify codes. They then triangulated the results using Artificial Intelligence-driven tools. Findings: The study found four themes: (1) Individualized Services, (2) Cultural Sensitivity, (3) Negotiating Safety, and (4) Safe Sleep Education. Conclusions: The study concluded doulas have a commitment to promoting safe sleep. The researchers found that doulas engage in practices that help caregivers to integrate safe sleep practices into their lifestyle and to adapt them to meet their needs. The researchers also documented a desire for more information and instruction on safe sleep among practicing doulas. Significance: Scholars recognize that doulas play a vital role in infant and maternal health in Black communities, but little is known about their role in promoting safe sleep. This study contributes to this knowledge base, revealing that doulas uphold a commitment to safe sleep practices and are integral in helping Black caregivers negotiate safe sleep. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Poor sleep during hospitalization can negatively affect patient health, well-being, and satisfaction. This nurse-led quality improvement project aimed to promote quality sleep on an inpatient telemetry medical-surgical oncology unit. Interventions included distributing sleep hygiene kits (eye masks, earplugs, lip balm, and aromatherapy), educating patients and staff, and redesigning workflows to limit sleep interruptions at night. Hospital Consumer Assessment of Healthcare Providers and Systems Survey scores for quietness at night increased from 66% to 76%, with fewer reported cases of delirium postimplementation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Investigate whether aiding sleep by online cognitive behavioral therapy for insomnia (CBT-I) can improve glycemic and metabolic control, mood, quality of life (QoL) and insomnia symptoms in people with type 2 diabetes and assess the mediating role of lifestyle factors. Adults with type 2 diabetes and insomnia symptoms were randomly assigned to CBT-I or care as usual. At baseline, three and six months we assessed HbA1c as primary outcome and glycemic control, metabolic outcomes, sleep, mood and QoL as secondary outcomes. Mixed models were used to determine within-person and between-persons differences in outcomes and mediation analysis for lifestyle factors. We randomized 29 participants to CBT-I and 28 to care as usual. Intention-to-treat analysis showed no significant differences in glycemic control, metabolic outcomes, anger, distress or QoL, but showed a significantly larger decrease in insomnia (−1.37(2.65: 0.09)) and depressive symptoms (−0.92(-1.77: 0.06)) and increase in BMI (0.29 kg/m2(0.00:0.57)) in the intervention compared to the control group. Only half of the intervention participants completed the CBT-I. Per protocol analysis showed a not statistically significant decrease in HbA1c (−2.10 mmol/l(-4.83:0.63)) and glucose (−0.39 mmol/l(-1.19:0.42)), metabolic outcomes and increase in QoL. Furthermore, the intervention group showed a significant decrease in insomnia (−2.22(-3.65: 0.78)) and depressive symptoms (−1.18(-2.17: 0.19)) compared to the control group. Lifestyle factors partially mediated the effect of the intervention. CBT-I might improve insomnia symptoms and mood, and perhaps improves glycemic control, albeit not significant, in people with type 2 diabetes and insomnia symptoms, compared to care as usual. • Insomnia symptoms are highly prevalent in people with type 2 diabetes. • Can we improve glycemic status by improving sleep through CBT-I? • CBT-I improves insomnia symptoms and mood, and might improve glycemic control and QoL. • Lifestyle factors partially mediated the effect of CBT-I. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: We examined the comparability of children's nocturnal sleep estimates using accelerometry data, processed with and without a sleep log. In a secondary analysis, we evaluated factors associated with disagreement between processing approaches. Children (n = 722, age 5–12 years) wore a wrist‐based accelerometer for 14 days during Autumn 2020, Spring 2021, and/or Summer 2021. Outcomes included sleep period, duration, wake after sleep onset (WASO), and timing (onset, midpoint, waketime). Parents completed surveys including children's nightly bed/wake time. Data were processed with parent‐reported bed/wake time (sleep log), the Heuristic algorithm looking at Distribution of Change in Z‐Angle (HDCZA) algorithm (no log), and an 8 p.m.–8 a.m. window (generic log) using the R‐package 'GGIR' (version 2.6‐4). Mean/absolute bias and limits of agreement were calculated and visualised with Bland–Altman plots. Associations between child, home, and survey characteristics and disagreement were examined with tobit regression. Just over half of nights demonstrated no difference in sleep period between sleep log and no log approaches. Among all nights, the sleep log approach produced longer sleep periods (9.3 min; absolute mean bias [AMB] = 28.0 min), shorter duration (1.4 min; AMB = 14.0 min), greater WASO (11.0 min; AMB = 15.4 min), and earlier onset (13.4 min; AMB = 17.4 min), midpoint (8.8 min; AMB = 15.3 min), and waketime (3.9 min; AMB = 14.8 min) than no log. Factors associated with discrepancies included smartphone ownership, bedroom screens, nontraditional parent work schedule, and completion on weekend/summer nights (range = 0.4–10.2 min). The generic log resulted in greater AMB among sleep outcomes. Small mean differences were observed between nights with and without a sleep log. Discrepancies existed on weekends, in summer, and for children with smartphones and screens in the bedroom. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: Numerous studies have reported the negative impacts of poor sleep on work productivity in the general population. However, despite the known sleep issues that individuals living with neurological conditions experience, no study has explored its impact on their work productivity. Sleep health is a concept that includes multiple domains of sleep, measured with a combination of objective and subjective measures. Therefore, this study aimed to ascertain the associations between sleep health and its domains and work productivity in individuals with neurological conditions. Sleep health domains were determined through actigraphy data collected over 1 week and sleep questionnaires. Work productivity was assessed via the Work Productivity and Activity Impairment Questionnaire. A comparison of sleep health scores between demographic variables was performed using Mann–Whitney U and Kruskal–Wallis tests. Associations between the sleep health domains and work productivity were performed using linear regression models. There were no significant differences in sleep health scores between sex, smoking status, education level, employment status or any work productivity domain. Individuals with non‐optimal sleep timing had greater absenteeism (22.99%) than the optimal group. Individuals with non‐optimal sleep quality had an increase in presenteeism (30.85%), work productivity loss (26.44%) and activity impairment (25.81%) compared to those in the optimal group. The findings from this study highlight that self‐reported sleep quality has the largest impact on work productivity. Improving individuals' sleep quality through triage for potential sleep disorders or improving their sleep hygiene (sleep behaviour and environment) may positively impact work productivity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Summary: People with heart failure (HF) experience a high symptom burden and prevalent insomnia. However, little is known about daytime symptom trajectories after cognitive behavioural therapy for insomnia (CBT‐I). In this study we describe: (1) daytime symptom trajectories among adults with insomnia and stable HF over 1 year, (2) how symptom trajectories differ between CBT‐I versus HF self‐management interventions, and (3) associations between demographic, clinical, and sleep characteristics, perceived stress, health‐related quality of life (HRQoL), functional performance and daytime symptoms trajectories. We retrospectively analysed data from a randomised controlled trial of CBT‐I versus HF self‐management (NCT0266038). We measured sleep, perceived stress, HRQoL, and functional performance at baseline and symptoms at baseline, 3, 6, and 12 months. We conducted group‐based trajectory modelling, analysis of variance, chi‐square, and proportional odds models. Among 175 participants (mean [standard deviation] age 63.0 [12.9] years, 57.1% male, 76% White), we found four daytime symptom trajectories: (A) low improving symptoms (38.3%); (B) low psychological symptoms and high improving physical symptoms (22.8%); (C) high improving symptoms (24.0%); and (D) high not improving symptoms (14.9%). The CBT‐I versus the HF self‐management group had higher odds of belonging to Group A compared to other trajectories after controlling for baseline fatigue (odds ratio = 3.27, 95% confidence interval 1.39–7.68). The difference between the CBT‐I and the HF self‐management group was not statistically significant after controlling for baseline characteristics. Group D had the highest body mass index, perceived stress, and insomnia severity and the lowest cognitive ability, HRQoL, and functional performance. Research is needed to further evaluate factors contributing to symptom trajectories. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep is what we spend (or should spend) one third of our lives doing. Unfortunately, many individuals fall short of their biological need for sleep many nights of the week. The reasons for this are varied and include professional or personal obligations and social determinants, including loud noises or safety concerns in one's neighborhood. This article reviews the architecture of sleep; evidence for sleep health, including impacts of sleep health on mental and emotional health as well as cognitive function and performance; and strategies for improving sleep health. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

• SIESTA is a CBT sleep intervention specifically developed for adolescents with ADHD. • Adolescents and parents shared their experiences with SIESTA in focus groups. • Qualitative findings indicate satisfaction with SIESTA. • Quantitative findings indicate significant improvement in sleep hygiene. • SIESTA was improved based on the experiences with this pilot study. The current pilot study evaluates a cognitive behavioral (CBT) sleep intervention specifically developed for adolescents with ADHD – Sleep IntervEntion as Symptom Treatment for ADHD (SIESTA). Based on a qualitative and quantitative evaluation, the final aim is to fine-tune SIESTA and the assessment protocol to the target population. Eight adolescents (13–17 years old) with ADHD and sleep problems completed SIESTA. Separate focus groups with adolescents and parents were conducted to evaluate their experience with SIESTA and the assessment protocol. These were analyzed using thematic analysis. Additionally, individual reliable change indices were computed from pretest to posttest for sleep hygiene practices. Thematic analysis showed that adolescents and parents reported both positive aspects and points of improvement of SIESTA and the assessment protocol during the focus groups. Reliable change indices showed that all adolescents significantly improved on at least one of the subscales of the revised Adolescent Sleep Hygiene Scale. Preliminary qualitative findings indicate satisfaction with SIESTA and the assessment protocol, with some suggestions for further improvements, and quantitative findings indicate significant improvement in sleep hygiene. The next step is to test the effectiveness of SIESTA in a randomized controlled trial, based on the adaptations after this pilot study. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Sleep is a fundamental biological process that plays a pivotal role in the health and performance of physically active individuals (PAI). Sleep deprivation or poor sleep quality can negatively impact recovery capacity, concentration, coordination, and muscular strength, thereby compromising physical performance and increasing the risk of injuries. Objectives: This narrative literature review aims to examine the scientific evidence on the importance of sleep hygiene for the health and performance of PAI. A search was conducted for studies published on PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science. Studies that investigated the effect of sleep hygiene on health and performance variables in athletes were included. The literature analysis highlighted that good sleep hygiene, adequate sleep duration (7–9 h per night), high sleep quality, and a regular sleep routine are associated with a range of benefits for the health and performance of PAI, including: (1) improved post-training recovery; (2) reduced risk of injuries; (3) enhanced concentration and attention; (4) improved coordination and muscle strength; (5) better mood and mental well-being; (6) reduced risk of chronic diseases. Sleep hygiene is a key factor for the health and performance of PAI. Implementing a comprehensive and personalized sleep hygiene routine can lead to significant improvements in the quality and quantity of sleep, with positive effects on physical and mental health, and overall well-being of PAI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insomnia, defined as difficulty falling or staying asleep, significantly impacts the quality of life and mental health of people worldwide. In recent years, there has been growing interest in using medical marijuana as an alternative treatment method for various conditions, including sleep disorders. The purpose of this review is to examine the available scientific evidence regarding the efficacy and safety of using medical marijuana in the treatment of insomnia. Analyzing data from clinical, observational, and experimental studies, this work aims to present a comprehensive picture of the potential benefits and risks associated with such treatment. This review seeks to provide doctors, patients, and policymakers with up-to-date information that can support the decision-making process regarding the use of medical marijuana as an adjunct therapy in the treatment of insomnia, highlighting both the therapeutic potential and the need for further research in this field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: This study examines the potential impact of Ramadan fasting on sleep patterns and physical fitness in under 14 (U14) and under 17 (U17) female handball players. Methods: For this study, sixty-five female handball players' (U14, n = 33 and U17, n = 32) sleep habits were assessed before (BR) and during the first (R1) and last weeks (R4) of Ramadan using: the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI), the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI), and the Epworth Sleepiness Scale (ESS). Physical ability tests including balance and jumps were conducted throughout these periods.; Results: During Ramadan, both groups noted significant increases in PSQI and ISI scores during R1 (p < 0.01 and p < 0.05, respectively) and R4 (p < 0.05 and p < 0.05, respectively) compared to before Ramadan (BR). For the U14 group, a significant increase occurred in ESS scores during R1 (p < 0.01) and R4 (p < 0.05), whereas for the U17 group, this increase was limited over the R1 period (p < 0.05). In contrast, for all physical ability parameters, both groups showed no significant difference during R1 and R4; Conclusions: During adolescence, Ramadan fasting may alter sleep patterns in young female athletes but appears to have no effect on their performance in short-duration exercises. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]