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The aim of this study was to examine the relationship between bacterioplankton and physico-chemical parameters of water that serves as a source of drinking water as well as the relationship between bacterioplankton and the indicators of faecal contamination of water. Bacterioplankton abundance was determined by the cultivation method which included the inoculation of water samples on PCA and R2A media and incubation at 20 °C for 7 days. Total bacterial count was determined by epifluorescence microscopy, and three bacterial morphotypes were distinguished: rods, cocci and curved forms. Bacterial biomass was also determined. Eleven physico-chemical parameters of water were determined: temperature, pH, turbidity, conductivity, UV extinction, KMnO4 consumption, total phosphorus, orthophosphates, ammonium-, nitriteand nitrate nitrogen. As indicators of faecal contamination, the counts of total coliforms, faecal coliforms, faecal streptococci and sulphite-reducing clostridia were determined. Although there were significantly higher number of bacteria on R2A medium in relation to PCA medium, both media showed significant negative correlation of aerobic mesophilic bacteria with water temperature, in all seasons, and significant positive correlation with UV extinction, turbidity, KMnO4 consumption, total phosphorus, orthophosphates, ammonium nitrogen and nitrate nitrogen. Also, these bacteria showed significant positive correlation with total bacterial count and bacterial biomass, as well as bacterial indicators of faecal contamination.

BACKGROUND/AIMS: The epidemiology of Graves' orbitopathy (GO) may be changing. The aim of the study was to identify trends in presentation of GO to tertiary centres and initial management over time.METHODS: Prospective observational study of European Group On Graves' Orbitopathy (EUGOGO) centres. All new referrals with a diagnosis of GO over a 4-month period in 2012 were included. Clinical and demographic characteristics, referral timelines and initial decisions about management were recorded. The data were compared with a similar EUGOGO survey performed in 2000.RESULTS: The demographic characteristics of 269 patients studied in 2012 were similar to those collected in the year 2000, including smoking rates (40.0% vs 40.2%). Mild (60.5% vs 41.2%, pCONCLUSIONS: These findings suggest that the clinical manifestations of patients with GO may be changing over time in Europe.

Tirotoksicna periodicna paraliza je retko oboljenje, obicno se tesko dijagnostikuje, a ima veliki znacaj pre svega zbog potencijalnih teskih komplikacija. Najcesca je u Aziji, sa incidencom 1.8-1.9% pacijenata sa tirotoksikozom, dok je incidenca u ostalim geografskim regijama znacajno manja. Predominantno se javlja kod muskaraca mlađe životne dobi, manifestuje se recidivirajucim epizodama misicne slabosti od blage do kompletne flakcidne paralize, trajanja do 72 sata, sa potpunom rezolucijom između ataka. Najcesce je zahvacena proksimalna muskulatura donjih ekstremiteta, ali može se ispoljiti i kao tetrapareza, bez poremecaja senzibiliteta i funkcije sfinktera. Težina paralitickog ataka korelira sa težinom hipokalijemije, ali ne i sa klinickim manifestacijama tirotoksikoze ili nivoom tiroidnih hormona. Najozbiljnije komplikacije su paraliza respiratorne muskulature i teske kardijalne aritmije. TPP je najcesca u obolelih od M. Graves, a moguca je i u slucajevima subakutnog tiroiditisa, toksicne nodozne strume, toksicnog adenoma, TSH sekretujuceg tumora hipofize i jatrogene hipertireoze. Kljucni događaj paralitickog ataka je hipokalijemija (

The number of bacteria in surface waters reflects the current state of waters and their trophicity, and it is the first parameter that is affected by the anthropogenic contamination. Traditionally, quantification of bacteria in waters is performed using the cultivation methods. However, all these methods detect only cultivable bacteria; the results depend on the incubation conditions, and the results are obtained after several days. These deficiencies are solved by using direct methods. This work is the first bacteriological examination of the reservoir Celije and its tributaries by using a direct method of quantification. Total of 343 samples of water from the reservoir and its tributaries were processed. In each sample, the count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria was determined using cultivation method was involving involved inoculation of samples on high-nutrient PCA medium and on low-nutrient R2A medium, and incubation for 7 days at room temperature. The total number of bacteria was determined by epifluorescence microscopy technique after filtration of samples previously stained with acridine orange. Using the cultivation methods, the highest number of bacteria was recorded in the river of Blatasnica on R2A medium (56,535 CFU/ml), and lowest in the basin Vodozahvat on PCA medium (1,364 CFU/ml). According to the results from R2A, water belonged to the class of water of poorer quality compared to the results from the PCA. The results obtained by the direct method were correlated with cultivation methods. The significantly highest number of bacteria was obtained by epifluorescence microscopy, and the lowest on PCA medium. If the application of direct method for some reason is not possible, the real results of bacteriological state of surface waters can be obtained by inoculation of samples on R2A medium with adequate incubation conditions.

The possibility of using low-nutrient R2A medium for determining the total count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria was investigated. Sampling of water from particular points of water treatment and distribution at Krusevac drinking water treatment plant was conducted. The samples were inoculated simultaneously on Plate Count Agar (PCA) and R2A media, and incubated at 37 ?C and at room temperature. The bacterial count was determined after 48, 72, 120 and 168 h. The statistical analysis of the results showed significantly higher bacterial count on R2A medium compared to PCA. Moreover, a significantly higher bacterial count developed at room temperature compared to the temperature of 37?C. R2A medium recorded 3.6% of unsafe samples in the distribution system after the 7-day incubation at room temperature. On the basis of the obtained results, an optimum method for determining the total count of aerobic mesophilic bacteria for all investigated waters has been defined. The process of incubation is predictable and it can be described by a mathematical model in the form of a polynomial of the second or the third power.

One of the solutions for the economical use of alfalfa and cocksfoot is making the silage. However, these plant species are difficult to be conserved without appropriate additives. The aim of this study was to determine the impact addition of cornmeal on the quality of silage of alfalfa (Medicago sativa L.) cv. Kruševačka 22, cocksfoot (Dactilys glomerata L.) cv. Kruševačka 40 and their mixture (50% alfalfa, 50% cocksfoot). Mowing both species was carried out at the stage when 1/3 to 1/5 of the plants were in flowering in alfalfa or in stage appearance of inflorescence with cocksfoot. Corn grain is ground at the mill with a sieve ø 2 mm, then mixed with chopped fodder of alfalfa, cocksfoot and the mixture in the following amount: 6% (treatment A2), 3% (treatment A1), and without cornmeal addition (control A0). After six months was determined silage quality. Cornmeal addition, according to the basic indicators of the quality of silage had a significant impact on changing the quality silage of alfalfa, cocksfoot and their mixtures. It is evident that the addition cornmeal addition a significant impact on increasing the energy value (primarily the content inside BEM) of silage in all studied treatments. Jedno od rešenja za ekonomično korišćenje lucerke i ježevice je spravljanje silaže. Međutim ove biljne vrste se teško mogu konzervisati bez odgovarajućih dodataka. Cilj ovih ispitivanja bio je određivanje uticaja kukuruzne prekrupe na kvalitet silaže od lucerke, ježevice i njihove smeše (50% lucerka, 50% ježevica). Ispitivanje je sprovedeno na krmi: lucerke (Medicago sativa L.) sorte Kruševačka 22, ježevice (Dactilys glomerata L.) sorte Kruševačka 40 i njihove smeše (50% lucerka i 50% ježevica). Košenje obe vrste obavljeno je u fazi kada je 1/3 do 1/5 biljaka bilo u cvetu kod lucerke odnosno u klasanju kod ježevice. Kukuruzno zrno je mleveno na mlinu sa sitima ø 2 mm, zatim je mešano sa seckanom krmom lucerke, ježevice i smeše u količini: 6% (tretman A2), 3% (tretman A1), i bez prekrupe (kontrola A0). Nakon šest meseci utvrđen je kvalitet silaže. Dodatak kukuruzne prekrupe je prema osnovnim pokazateljima kvaliteta silaža imao značajan uticaj na promenu kvaliteta silaže lucerke ježevice i smeše. Evidentno je da dodavanje kukuruzne prekrupe značajno utiče na povećanje energetske vrednosti (pre svega sadržaja BEM) u silaži svih ispitivanih vrsta.

A 67-year-old female patient presented with visual field impairment and hyperprolactinemia. Imaging revealed a sellar and suprasellar mass and during the evaluation of the sellar lesion, papillary thyroid carcinoma (PTC) was diagnosed by fine-needle aspiration biopsy in a long-standing euthyroid multinodular goiter. The patient did not have a previous history of PTC. Total thyroidectomy confirmed the diagnosis of PTC. Due to progressive visual loss, she underwent transcranial surgery for decompression of the optic chiasm. Pituitary metastasis from PTC was confirmed, histologically and immunohistochemically. In literature, overall 13 cases, including ours, with PTC metastasis to the sellar region have been reported. Most were women, with a median age of 56 years. Two thirds of patients were previously diagnosed with PTC. The presence of other distant metastases was confirmed in less than half of the patients. Only 2 and our patient had immunohistochemical confirmation of PTC metastasis to the sellar region. The presenting signs and symptoms included: visual field defects, ophthalmoplegia, and anterior pituitary hormone deficiencies. In conclusion, this is a rare case of metastatic PTC to the sellar region unequivocally confirmed by immunohistochemistry in whom the disease first presented with a sellar and suprasellar mass.