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Há muitas perspectivas que podemos adotar quando escrevemos uma história da teoria e da crítica literárias e, de um modo mais amplo, uma história do pensamento literário. Uma dessas abordagens que considero estimulante é o mapeamento das relações pessoais entre estudiosos de literatura. Este estudo trata da relação entre dois acadêmicos literários: Jan Mukařovský e Roman Jakobson. O estudo analisa as transformações no contexto amplo de suas vidas e obras, mas também no âmbito dos eventos culturais e políticos dominantes durante suas vidas. O ponto central deste estudo é prover uma síntese das bases epistemológicas das poéticas estruturais de Jakobson e de Mukařovský. Os cinco princípios chaves teóricos e metodológicos são: 1) a obra de arte é um fenômeno suis generis; 2) o princípio da parte e do todo; 3) movimento. A literatura está em constante movimento; 4) trabalhar com o material (literário); 5) a obra de arte é um signo. A arte é um sistema de signos. Além disso, este estudo serve não só para ilustrar os altos e baixos de uma amizade, mas também a ascensão e o declínio do estruturalismo – uma das mais proeminentes abordagens da moderna teoria literária. There are many perspectives that we may adopt when writing a history of literary theory and criticism and, in general, a history of literary thought. One of the approaches that I consider stimulating is the mapping of personal relationships between various literary scholars. The study deals with the relationship between two literary scholars: Jan Mukařovský and Roman Jakobson. The study analyses their transformation in the broad context of their life and work, but also in the context of the political and cultural events that took place during their lifetime. The central point of the study is an outline of the epistemological basis of Mukařovský´s and Jakobson´s structural poetics. Five key theoretical and methodological principles are: 1) A work of art is a sui generis phenomenon; 2) The principle of whole and part; 3) Movement. Literature is in constant motion; 4) Working with (literary) material; 5) A work of art is a sign. Art is a system of signs. The study can serve not only to illustrate the rises and falls of one friendship, but also the rises and falls of structuralism – one of the most prominent approaches in modern literary theory.

The study deals with dialectics in the context of the Prague Linguistic Circle, particularly in the context of Jan Mukařovský’s thinking. The essay presents 1) main sources of Mukařovský’s dialectics, and outlines 2) Mukařovský’s dialectical method. The notion of dialectics appears in Mukařovský’s scholarly work in a set of connections. He applied dialectics as a method, manner or form of rationality. It served as a means of gaining knowledge about the world, specific phenomena and objects, their essence, interconnectedness as well as development. Mukařovský also used it as a procedure for resolving contradictions (antinomies) that he encountered in his scientific explorations and in ordinary practical activities. He understood dialectical thinking as dynamic, open, and pluralist thinking striving to reflect reality as a constant process. Gradual coming together of dialectics and materialism, evident in Mukařovský’s scholarly works from the mid-1930s, resulted, ten years later, in a public adoption of dialectical materialism., ENTHYMEMA, N. 19 (2017)

This thesis deals with comparison of changes in the development of cadastral territory Dobrá Voda a Stožec. Map dated from 1826 and a current orthophotomap are used for the purposes of change comparison. The first part of the thesis is focused on definitiv of basic terms and description of habitation development. The second part describes the development in cadastral from the point of view of the development of soil use and evaluation of differences. The differences are shown by usin different tools - graphs and Arcgis application software information. The individual outputs are drawn according to cadastral condition and accompanied by evaluation of the results.

Zdeněk Kožmín je autorem mnoha inspirativních interpretací literárních děl, ale také tvůrcem specifické interpretační metody. Studie se zabývá vztahem Zdeňka Kožmína ke strukturalismu, mapuje strukturalistické principy, které Kožmín přijal a zakomponoval do své teoretické a metodologické výbavy. V textu je zmíněno 7 klíčových principů (dílo jako fenomén sui generis, práce s materiálem, pojetí celku a struktury, pojetí uměleckého díla jako znaku, pojetí modelu, dynamika struktur, dialektika). Autor článku dokládá, že strukturální analýza literárního díla a popis strukturního dění se staly pevnou součástí Kožmínova interpretačního přístupu k literatuře. Strukturalismus Kožmín nicméně nevnímal jako jedinou možnou metodu studia literárních děl, nýbrž jako východisko, jako oporu při rozvíjení interpretačního dialogu s textem. Tím, čím Kožmín zásadně přispěl k rozvoji české literární vědy, bylo rozšíření strukturalismu o interpretační a filozoficko-existenciální rozměr. Zdeněk Kožmín produced a wealth of inspiring literary interpretations, but he is also the author of a specific interpretation method. The present study deals with Kožmín's relationship to structuralism, mapping the structuralist principles adopted by him and incorporated into his theoretical and methodological apparatus. The text outlines 7 key principles (a work of art as a sui generis phenomenon, working with material, concept of the whole and structure, understanding a work of art as a sign, concept of a model, dynamics of structures, and dialectics). The author of the paper demonstrates that structural analysis of a literary work and description of structural formation became an indivisible part of Kožmín's approach to interpretation of literary works. Nonetheless, Kožmín did not perceive structuralism as the only possible method of studying literary works, but rather as a point of departure, a support for developing an interpretative dialogue with a text. Kožmín's unique contribution to Czech literary theory and criticism lies in enriching structuralism with the dimension of interpretation and a philosophical-existential perspective.

The main goal of the bachelor's thesis is to compare the changes of cadastral territory Dobrá Voda. As a comparison, a map dated from 1826 and a current map is used. The bachelor's thesis is handled as a literature research. A border region is an area situated along the border with a neighboring state and includes also the border region of the neighboring state. In Dobra Voda region since 1826, an extension of woods increased from 51,25% to 69,16%, which is almost an 18% increase. On the contrary, grassland area decreased from 27.48% to 20,37%, so by 7,11%. A complete cancellation of fertile land occured as well. This land formed 14.59% of the area in 1826. A part of former fertile land is now marked as infertile land, that takes 5,08% of the area, In 1826, it was only 0,16%. A cancellation of agriculture also probably caused a decline of constructions. This can be explained by the fact that some constructions were used as barns and grain granaries, which gradually disappeared. A number of roads also decreased, because a big part of the roads were unpaved roads, which gradually disappeared as well. Another change was a construction of water area. As for the reason of its existence, there is no information available.

"Książkę "Sposoby narracji w literaturze czeskiej" (Narativní způsoby v české literature) Lubomír Doležel wydał dwukrotnie. Pierwszy raz po angielsku w 1973 roku w wydawnictwie uniwersytetu w Toronto 2, drugi raz po czesku – dwadzieścia lat później – w 1993 roku 3. Mimo że oba wydania mają identyczny tytuł i identyczna powinna być również ich treść, nie można powiedzieć, że czeska wersja jest tylko tłumaczeniem angielskiego oryginału. Chodzi raczej o zupełnie nową pracę, która odpowiada (nowemu) podejściu Doležela do problematyki światów fikcyjnych [...]".

History of poetics is also the history of handbooks, vocabularies and encyclopedias in which are the main terms and categories of poetics explained. Every handbooks as well have a special own and unmistakable poetics. The study therefore introduces and analyzes the most important Czech handbooks and encyclopedias of poetics published in Czech lands during 19th and 20th centuries.

The bachelor thesis analyzes the current competitiveness of the swiss economy. It defines its sources of competitiveness and barriers to it. A large part is devoted to the position of the swiss financial system in the world economy. Especially its quality and stability is assessed, to a large extent demonstrated on the actual situation. In its main part, the work describes the competitive position of Switzerland in particular areas of competitiveness ratings measured by multicriterial aproach to competitiveness. Higher attention is paid to the innovational performance, being probably the main source of future competitiveness advantage of the swiss economy. Comparison with countries at similar development level is widely used in the thesis.