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408 results on '"Skov, P S"'

5. Late glacial and Holocene glaciation history of North and Northeast Greenland

Author

Larsen, Nicolaj K., Søndergaard, Anne Sofie, Levy, Laura B., Strunk, Astrid, Skov, Daniel S., Bjørk, Anders, Khan, Shfaqat A., and Olsen, Jesper

Abstract

ABSTRACTNortheast Greenland is the place where the Greenland Ice Sheet (GrIS) experienced the largest areal changes since the Last Glacial Maximum. However, the age constraints of the last deglaciation are in some areas sparse. In this study, we use forty-seven new 10Be cosmogenic exposure ages to constrain the deglaciation of the present-day ice-free areas in Northeast Greenland. Our results show that the outer coast region was deglaciated between 12.8 ± 0.6 and 11.5 ± 0.2 ka and the region close to the present ice margin was deglaciated 2 to 4 ka later between 9.2 ± 0.3 to 8.6 ± 0.3 ka. By combining our new results with previously published data from North and Northeast Greenland, we find that the ice sheet advanced to the shelf edge between 26 and 20 cal. ka BP. The outer coast was deglaciated between 12.8 and 9.7 ka and the present ice extent was reached between 10.8 to 5.8 ka. The ice margin continued to retreat farther inland during the Middle Holocene before it readvanced toward its Little Ice Age position. The deglaciation was probably forced by a combination of increased atmospheric and ocean temperatures, but local topography also played an important role. These results add to the growing knowledge about the glaciation history of the GrIS and add useful constraints for future ice sheet models.

Published
2022
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40. Changes in IgE- and Antigen-dependent histamine-release in peripheral blood of Schistosoma mansoni-infected Ugandan fishermen after treatment with praziquantel

Author

Kazibwe Francis, Curtis Kariuki H, Reimert Claus, Hoffmann Karl F, Fitzsimmons Colin, Jones Frances M, Joseph Sarah, Skov Per S, Cahen Pierre, Satti Mohamed Z, Mwatha Joseph K, Kimani Gachuhi, Vennervald Birgitte J, Ouma John H, Kabatereine Narcis B, and Dunne David W

Subjects
Immunologic diseases. Allergy, RC581-607
Abstract

Abstract Background Parasite-specific IgE levels correlate with human resistance to reinfection with Schistosoma spp. after chemotherapy. Although the role of eosinophils in schistosomiasis has been the focus of a great deal of important research, the involvement of other Fcε receptor-bearing cells, such as mast cells and basophils, has not been investigated in relation to human immunity to schistosomes. Chemotherapy with praziquantel (PZQ) kills schistosomes living in an in vivo blood environment rich in IgE, eosinophils and basophils. This releases parasite Ags that have the potential to cross-link cell-bound IgE. However, systemic hypersensitivity reactions are not induced by treatment. Here, we describe the effects of schistosomiasis, and its treatment, on human basophil function by following changes in total cellular histamine and in vitro histamine-release induced by schistosome Ags or anti-IgE, in blood samples from infected Ugandan fishermen, who are continuously exposed to S. mansoni infection, before and 1-day and 21-days after PZQ treatment. Results There was a significant increase in the total cellular histamine in blood samples at 1-day post-treatment, followed by a very significant further increase by 21-days post-treatment. In vitro histamine-release induced by S. mansoni egg (SEA) or worm (SWA) Ags or anti-IgE antibody, was significantly reduced 1-day post-treatment. The degree of this reduction correlated with pre-treatment infection intensity. Twenty-1-days post-treatment, SEA-induced histamine-release was still significantly lower than at pretreatment. Histamine-release was not correlated to plasma concentrations of total or parasite-specific IgE, nor to specific IgG4 plasma concentrations. Conclusion The biology of human blood basophils is modulated by S. mansoni infection and praziquantel treatment. Infection intensity-dependent suppression of basophil histamine-release, histamine-dependent resistance to infection, and similarities with allergen desensitisation are discussed as possible explanations of these observations.

Published
2004
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46. Responsiveness of the major birch allergen Bet v 1 scaffold to the gastric environment: Impact on structure and allergenic activity

Author

Sancho, A I, Wangorsch, A, Jensen, B M, Watson, A, Alexeev, Y, Johnson, P E, Mackie, A R, Neubauer, A, Reese, G, Ballmer-Weber, B, Hoffmann-Sommergruber, K, Skov, P S, Vieths, S, Mills, E N C, University of Zurich, and Sancho, A I

Subjects
1305 Biotechnology, 10177 Dermatology Clinic, 610 Medicine & health, 1106 Food Science
Published
2011
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47. Immunochemical and biological quantification of peanut extract

Author

Poulsen, L. K., Pedersen, Mona H., Platzer, M., Madsen, N., Eva Sten, Carsten Bindslev-Jensen, Dircks, C. G., and Skov, P. S.

Subjects
Arachis, Therapeutic Equivalency, Plant Extracts, Leukocytes, Animals, Humans, Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Immunization, Rabbits, Reference Standards, Histamine Release, Basophils
Abstract

Biological standardization of allergen extracts is one of the steps in the characterization of an extract. The gold standard for determination of biological potency is the skin prick test, but histamine release (HR) has been used as a convenient ex vivo method for analyzing a large number of samples. We describe the use of rabbit basophils as a tool in biological standardization. Using peanut as a model allergen, it is described how rabbits immunized for production of antiserum may become sensitized and their basophils used for histamine release experiments. It is also possible to use rabbit antiserum to passively sensitize basophils derived from naive rabbits, but the sensitivity of this method is so far 100-1000 times lower than the direct histamine release. The rabbit histamine release results are compared to an ELISA developed by means of the same antisera and by passive sensitization of human basophils using serum from a strongly sensitized peanut-allergic patient. The overall sensitivity of the methods were ELISAHR-human cellsHR-sensitized rabbit cellsHR-passively sensitized rabbit cells. The use of rabbit basophils for biological standardizations will allow for the use of rabbit antisera.

Published
2004

49. Suppression of Basophil Histamine Release and Other IgE-dependent Responses in Childhood Schistosoma mansoni/hookworm Coinfection

Author

Pinot de Moira, A., primary, Fitzsimmons, C. M., additional, Jones, F. M., additional, Wilson, S., additional, Cahen, P., additional, Tukahebwa, E., additional, Mpairwe, H., additional, Mwatha, J. K., additional, Bethony, J. M., additional, Skov, P. S., additional, Kabatereine, N. B., additional, and Dunne, D. W., additional

Published
2014
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50. Mikroorganismer og deres biologiske aktive komponenter

Author

Torben Sigsgaard, Jesper Bælum, Eva Cecilie Bonefeld-Jørgensen, Hans Jürgen Hoffmann, Lars Mølhave, Hisamitsu Takai, Jakob Hjort Bønløkke, Tanja Krüger, Kjærgaard, Søren K., Øyvind Omland, Ronald Dahl, Larsen, P., Brandslund, I., Skov, P. S., J-E, Juto, Bodin, L., Karlson, T., Larson, K., Löfstedt, H., Stridh, G., and Doekes, G.

Published
2003

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