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Background: We performed gene therapy for critical limb ischemia in thromboangiitis obliterans (TAO) by the intramuscular administration of plasmids of the vascular endothelial growth factor gene (VEGF 165) with or without bone marrow-derived stem cells. Methods: The 21 patients were randomly assigned to three groups: A—with dual therapy, cells and plasmid; B—plasmid only; and C—control group, where patients received intramuscular injections of saline. Serum VEGF levels, the ankle–brachial index (ABI), transcutaneous oxygen pressure (TcPO2), and the rest pain measured by the visual analog scale (VAS) were determined sequentially before treatment, and then 1 and 3 months after treatment. Results: In the treatment groups, serum VEGF levels increased by 4 weeks and returned to baseline values after 3 months. ABI after 12 weeks increased by an average of 0.18 in group A, and 0.09 in group B and group C. TcPO2 increased by an average of 17.3 mmHg in group A, 14.1 mmHg in group B, and 10.7 mmHg in group C. The largest pain decrease was observed in group A and averaged 5.43 less pain intensity. Conclusions: Gene therapy using the VEGF plasmid along with or without bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells administered intramuscularly into an ischemic limb in TAO is a safe and effective therapy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become one of the most important treatments for aortic abdominal aneurysm. This method has some possible complications, including a type II endoleak (T2E). When coexisting with arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), T2E can lead to serious hemodynamic consequences and organ failure. This report describes the management of a patient with T2E coexisting with AVF following an EVAR and re-EVAR procedure. Although T2E itself may be treated with a conservative approach in some cases, in the presented patient an operative approach was necessary because of coexisting AVF. In addition, due to unusual hemodynamic conditions created by concomitant ACF and T2E, fistula closure was obtained as a result of transarterial inferior mesenteric artery embolization. Post-EVAR imaging, including ultrasound and computed tomography angiography, has proven to be essential when caring for these patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The development of aneurysms of thoracoabdominal aorta (TAAA) in a post-transplant patient is a rare clinical situation and requires special attention. Endovascular treatment is the most suitable option for these patients due to numerous comorbidities. Particular emphasis should be placed on the ejection fraction as one of the main criteria for qualifying for surgery. The treatment itself remains a major challenge relating to anatomical constrains; however, it is possible in select patients in experienced centers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Advances in Hygiene & Experimental Medicine / Postepy Higieny i Medycyny Doswiadczalnej is the property of Sciendo and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The aim of the study was to evaluate the effect of Allopurinol on intestinal ischemia-reperfusion injury and xanthine oxidase system. Material and methods: 70 Buffalo rats were divided into 5 groups of 14. Group I was the control group. The animals of groups II and IV were subjected to 50 minutes of acute intestinal ischemia. The animals of groups III and V were subjected to 50 minutes of acute intestinal ischemia followed by 60 minutes of reperfusion. The rats of group IV and V were pretreated with Allopurinol for three days before surgery. Total intestinal ischemia was produced by clamping the mesenteric vessels. Mucosal changes underwent histopathological evaluation according to the scoring system (0-5) described by Chiu. Biochemical tests of xanthine oxidase activity were performed in supernatants of small intestine homogenates. Results: The administration of Allopurinol significantly reduced mesenteric ischemia-reperfusion injury as weft as intestinal xanthine exidase activity. However, there was no significant difference in the xanthine oxidase activity between non-pretreated rats subjected to ischemic processes and the control group. It was also noted that beneficial action of Allopurinol began during the ischemic phase, before reperfusion. Conclusions: It can be concluded that the protective effect of Allopurinol against intestinal ischemia-reperfusion is not only related to the reperfusion component, The role of xanthine oxidase in the processes of injury resulting from blood flow disturbances remains a matter of controversy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Polish Surgery / Chirurgia Polska is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Wstęp. W 2003 roku autorzy niniejszego artykułu rozpoczęli badania nad możliwościami leczenia chorych z krytycznym niedokrwieniem kończyn za pomocą implantacji własnych komórek macierzystych. Po okresie wstępnych przygotowań ustalono schemat postępowania, kryteria włączenia do leczenia i sposób prowadzenia badań kontrolnych oraz procedur bezpieczeństwa. Materiał i metody. Kryteria włączenia obejmowały krytyczne niedokrwienie kończyny niekwalifikujące się do leczenia chirurgicznego, po leczeniu zachowawczym nie krótszym niż 2 miesiące, w którym nie nastąpiła istotna poprawa zagrożonych zabiegiem amputacyjnym. Do kryteriów wyłączenia zaliczono: brak zgody chorego, inne powody niedokrwienia niż miażdżyca, znaczne zaawansowanie zmian zmuszające do pilnej amputacji, a także obecność choroby nowotworowej lub stan ogólny nierokujący przeżycia 6 miesięcy. Chorych po poinformowaniu i uzyskaniu od nich świadomej zgody losowo przydzielano do dwóch grup: kontrolnej (15 osób poddano terapii klasycznej) oraz badanej (14 pacjentów). Zastosowano następujący algorytm: w godzinach rannych wykonywano standardowy zabieg pobrania szpiku (z kości biodrowej), następnie przygotowywano w separatorze zawiesinę komórek za pomocą filtrowania szpiku, zagęszczania i separowania komórek CD34+ (frakcja zawierająca progenitory). Uzyskany materiał podawano chorym dwoma drogami miejscowo do tkanki mięśniowej niedokrwionej kończyny (n = 14) i podczas angiografii, do końcowego odcinka osiowego naczynia kończyny dostępnego cewnikiem (nad okluzję) (n = 4). W obserwacji uwzględniano parametry ogólne (RR, tętno, częstość oddechów, temperatura), wartość współczynnika kostka/ramię (ABI), makroskopowy obraz ewentualnych owrzodzeń i martwicy (fotografie), a także subiektywne odczucia pacjentów (VAS, skala jakości życia wg klasyfikacji WHO). Notowano parametry przed leczeniem, codziennie do momentu wypisu chorego ze szpitala, po 1., 3. i 6. miesiącu terapii. Wyniki. Angiografię wstępną wykonano u każdego pacjenta (wynik badania dyskwalifikował od przeprowadzenia zabiegu rewaskularyzacyjnego), natomiast badanie kontrolne przeprowadzono po 3 miesiącach u 5 chorych z grupy badanej (nie odnotowano różnic w ich obrazie). Punktami końcowymi obserwacji były amputacje (3 w grupie badanej i 7 w grupie kontrolnej) oraz śmierć pacjenta (nie odnotowano). W przypadku amputacji pobierano do badania histologicznego i w przypadku zastosowania komórek macierzystych obserwowano cechy angiogenezy. W większości przypadków uzyskano poprawę subiektywną (12 osób w grupie badanej vs. 7 w grupie kontrolnej). Zaobserwowano zmniejszenie owrzodzenia (8) oraz wygojenie w grupie leczonej komórkami szpiku (5) w stosunku do grupy kontrolnej (3). Amputacje przeprowadzono u 3 chorych (wgrupie kontrolnej u 7 osób). Wnioski. Implantacja własnych komórek macierzystych uzyskanych ze szpiku kostnego jest bezpieczną i budzącą duże nadzieje metodą leczenia, pomimo znanych ograniczeń. Ze względu na możliwość jej rozwoju powinna stanowić przedmiot dalszych dociekań. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. In 2003 we started investigations concerning the possibility of using new techniques, including bone-marrow cell implantation, in the therapy of critical leg ischaemia. Safety procedures, scheme of work and inclusion and exclusion criteria were established during the first faze in collaboration with various local departments and laboratories. Material and methods. Inclusion criteria consisted of critical leg ischaemia, no possibility of surgical operation, no effective 2 months conservative treatment or the possibility of limb amputation in the following months. Exclusive criteria included causes of ischaemia other than atherosclerosis, absence of consent, need for urgent amputation, cancer or poor general condition. After acquiring conscious consent, patients were randomized into two groups: conventional therapy (control group) (n = 15), and those treated with bone marrow cells (n = 14). Standard bone marrow collection was performed as early as the first operation (usually about 8 a.m.) under general anaesthesia. Material was then prepared filtration and concentration in a separator -- using standard procedure. Morphology and measurement of the amount of nuclear cells and CD34 cells were perforated as well as microbiological examination. This material, including progenitor cells, was injected using two methods about 46 hours after bone marrow aspiration. In every case it involved several intramuscular injections into the ischemic limb (thigh and leg). In 4 cases we performed intravascular placement of progenitors using arteriography (in the distal pan near the occluded part of the axial limb artery). Results. Observation was based on several parameters: vital parameters (blood pressure, heart rate, respiratory rate, temperature) measured every day during hospitalisation; ankle/brachial index (ABI), ulcerations or pedal necrosis documented by photography and subjective parameters: feeling of pain (VAS), self care (WHO scale) measured 1, 3 and 6 months after our procedure. Baseline angiography was performed in every case. Control angiography followed bone marrow collection after 3 months in 5 cases. No changes in angiograms were detected. Endpoints were: amputation (10) and death (no observations). In case of amputation, material was histologically examined and signs of angiogenesis (mostly new vein formation) were detected. In the group treated by stem cell implantation we reached greater subjective improvement in 12 cases compared to 7 in the control group; healing of ulcers in 8 cases (complete in 5 cases) compared to 3 cases in the control group. Amputations were performed in 3 patients in the index group compared to 7 in the control group. Conclusions. We think that implantation of patients' bone-morrow progenitor cells in cases of critical leg ischaemia is safe and is a prospective therapeutic method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background. In this paper, 50 cases of massive aorto-ilio-femoral graft infection treated by the replacement of infected prosthesis with arterial homograft in the Departament of Vascular, General and Transplantation Surgery In Wroclaw University of Medicine during the years 1999-2003 are presented. Material and methods. The arterial allograft was stored with the application of cold ischemia method in a preservation solution at 4°C. Duplex-Doppler Ultrasound and scintigraphy with the use of technetium-labelled leukocytes were used in the diagnostic evaluation of infection and of the healing process of the homograft. During the follow up period, patients in whom fresh homografts were used were divided into two groups: group I received immunosuppressive regimen after surgery (24 patients) and group II received no immunosuppression (26 patients). Results. In group I, no complications due to the homograft's wall degradation (e.g. graft rupture) were noticed. In group II, complications related to the impairment of the allograft wall were observed: graft rupture, true graft aneurysm and homograft thrombosis. In all groups the regression of infection after in-situ replacement of the synthetic prosthesis with the homograft was monitored with scintigraphy examination. Conclusion. The use of arterial homograft with the application of cold ischemia method and immunosuppression in the therapy of prosthetic graft infection is a proper treatment method. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Acta Angiologica is the property of VM Medica-VM Group (Via Medica) and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Endovascular aneurysm repair (EVAR) has become one of the most important treatments for aortic abdominal aneurysm. This method has some possible complications, including a type II endoleak (T2E). When coexisting with arteriovenous fistulas (AVF), T2E can lead to serious hemodynamic consequences and organ failure. This report describes the management of a patient with T2E coexisting with AVF following an EVAR and re-EVAR procedure. Although T2E itself may be treated with a conservative approach in some cases, in the presented patient an operative approach was necessary because of coexisting AVF. In addition, due to unusual hemodynamic conditions created by concomitant ACF and T2E, fistula closure was obtained as a result of transarterial inferior mesenteric artery embolization. Post-EVAR imaging, including ultrasound and computed tomography angiography, has proven to be essential when caring for these patients., (Copyright © 2022 Baylor University Medical Center.)

Aim: To evaluate the utility of serum and urine metabolomic analysis in diagnosing and monitoring of inflammatory bowel diseases (IBD)., Methods: Serum and urine samples were collected from 24 patients with ulcerative colitis (UC), 19 patients with the Crohn's disease (CD) and 17 healthy controls. The activity of UC was assessed with the Simple Clinical Colitis Activity Index, while the activity of CD was determined using the Harvey-Bradshaw Index. The analysis of serum and urine samples was performed using proton nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) spectroscopy. All spectra were exported to Matlab for preprocessing which resulted in two data matrixes for serum and urine. Prior to the chemometric analysis, both data sets were unit variance scaled. The differences in metabolite fingerprints were assessed using partial least-squares-discriminant analysis (PLS-DA). Receiver operating characteristic curves and area under curves were used to evaluate the quality and prediction performance of the obtained PLS-DA models. Metabolites responsible for separation in models were tested using STATISTICA 10 with the Mann-Whitney-Wilcoxon test and the Student's t test (α = 0.05)., Results: The comparison between the group of patients with active IBD and the group with IBD in remission provided good PLS-DA models (P value 0.002 for serum and 0.003 for urine). The metabolites that allowed to distinguish these groups were: N-acetylated compounds and phenylalanine (up-regulated in serum), low-density lipoproteins and very low-density lipoproteins (decreased in serum) as well as glycine (increased in urine) and acetoacetate (decreased in urine). The significant differences in metabolomic profiles were also found between the group of patients with active IBD and healthy control subjects providing the PLS-DA models with a very good separation (P value < 0.001 for serum and 0.003 for urine). The metabolites that were found to be the strongest biomarkers included in this case: leucine, isoleucine, 3-hydroxybutyric acid, N-acetylated compounds, acetoacetate, glycine, phenylalanine and lactate (increased in serum), creatine, dimethyl sulfone, histidine, choline and its derivatives (decreased in serum), as well as citrate, hippurate, trigonelline, taurine, succinate and 2-hydroxyisobutyrate (decreased in urine). No clear separation in PLS-DA models was found between CD and UC patients based on the analysis of serum and urine samples, although one metabolite (formate) in univariate statistical analysis was significantly lower in serum of patients with active CD, and two metabolites (alanine and N-acetylated compounds) were significantly higher in serum of patients with CD when comparing jointly patients in the remission and active phase of the diseases. Contrary to the results obtained from the serum samples, the analysis of urine samples allowed to distinguish patients with IBD in remission from healthy control subjects. The metabolites of importance included in this case up-regulated acetoacetate and down-regulated citrate, hippurate, taurine, succinate, glycine, alanine and formate., Conclusion: NMR-based metabolomic fingerprinting of serum and urine has the potential to be a useful tool in distinguishing patients with active IBD from those in remission.

Background: There is no data available explaining the correlation between the intensity of exercise training and kidney transplant recipients' health and fitness condition., Material and Methods: A retrospective study was performed using a questionnaire form. The questionnaire was filled out by members of the Polish department of the World Transplant Games Federation and the Polish Association of People on Dialysis and After Kidney Transplantation. 167 patients (Age: 36 ± 11 yrs, Males: 52%) were enrolled in the study., Results: Even two hours of exercise per week after the transplantation statistically significantly ameliorated the recipients' self-reported health (p = 0.007) and fitness condition (p < 0.0001). The amount of time devoted weekly to sports positively correlated with the patient's health and fitness condition (p = 0.00325 and p = 0.00123 respectively). People who did not exercise had higher BMI levels than those who practiced sports (25.8 ± 5.2 and 24 ± 3.99 respectively, p = 0.0003) but the weekly training time did not correlate with the BMI of kidney transplant recipients (r = -0.08, p = 0.275)., Conclusions: Regular physical activity did not deteriorate the graft's function in the examined patients. The results of this study bring us to the conclusion that physical activity can be recommended for all kidney transplant recipients that do not have other serious comorbidities which would restrain them from practicing sports.

Introduction: The aim of this study was to assess the safety and efficacy of combined autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell and VEGF165 gene therapy in patients with diabetes mellitus suffering from critical limb ischaemia (CLI)., Material and Methods: The administration of mononuclear cells (MNCs) and naked VEGF165 plasmid was performed in 16 limbs of 16 patients with rest pain and ischaemic ulcers due to diabetes. MNCs and plasmid were injected into the muscles of the ischaemic limbs. The levels of VEGF in serum and the ankle-brachial index (ABI) were measured before and after treatment. The Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) was used to evaluate pain sensation. CT angiography was performed before and after three months of therapy., Results: Mean (± SD) plasma levels of VEGF increased non-significantly from 257 ± 80 pg/L to 391 ± 82 pg/L (p 〉 0.05) two weeks after therapy. The ABI improved significantly from 0.26 ± 0.22 to 0.49 ± 0.30 (p 〈 0.001) three months after therapy. A decrease in rest pain was observed in all patients; mean VAS decreased from 6.3 ± 1.4 to 1.2 ± 1.1 after three months (p 〈 0.002). Angiograms showed the development of collateral vessels in 12 limbs. Ischaemic ulcers healed in 12 limbs. Amputation was performed in four patients only, because of advanced wound infection. However, the level of amputations was lowered below knee level in these cases. Complications were limited to transient leg oedema in two patients and fever in two patients., Conclusions: Intramuscular bone marrow MNCs autotransplantation combined with the administration of phVEGF165 gene is safe, feasible and effective for patients with diabetes and CLI.

Unlabelled: Inflammatory mediators play an important role in thrombosis etiopathology. Diagnostic radioisotopic tests can be used to assess the activity of thrombo-inflammatory process. The aim of the study was to assess the suitability of Tc-99m HMPAO labelled leukocyte scintigraphy in the diagnostics of deep vein thrombosis., Material and Methods: The study covered 45 patients with lower limb deep vein thrombosis treated in 2009 at the Department of Vascular, General and Transplantological Surgery of the Wrocław Medical University. Scintigraphic test were performed during the first few days after the onset of symptoms and 8 weeks later., Results: All patients with active deep vein thrombosis had higher levels of TC-99m-HMPAO markers in sick limbs. After 8 weeks, 93% of patients still had elevated levels of radioisotope in limbs with an active thrombosis process. However, the levels of markers were clearly lower than in the acute phase of thrombosis., Conclusions: 1. In the chronic phase of thrombosis, 93% of patients still have higher levels of radioisotopic markers, which indicates an active inflammatory process. 2. Tc-99m HMPAO labelled leukocyte scintigraphy demonstrates high sensitivity in the diagnostics of deep vein thrombosis.

Unlabelled: Thoracic-abdominal aortic aneurysms (TAAA) are still serious medical problem. Classical procedure requires two cavities approach and implantation of vascular prosthetic in the place of aneurysm--Crawford's procedure. Significant progress was made during last years by using endovascular procedures (stentgrafts). Alternative is hybrid procedure--prosthetic appliance of visceral and kidney arteries and then stentgraft implantation in whole thoracic-abdominal aorta. THE AIM OF THE STUDY was comparative analysis of classical and hybrid procedures in thoracic-abdominal aneurysms treatment., Material and Methods: Between 1989-2011 in Department of Vascular, General and Transplantological Surgery Medical University in Wrocław and Surgical Department of 4th Military Clinical Hospital in Wrocław 53 patients were operated due to thoracic-abdominal aortic aneurysms. Classical Crawford's procedure was performed in 41 patients (group I) and hybrid procedure was performed in 12 patients (group II). Additionally 7 patients required aortic arc branches reconstruction due to achieve optimal conditions to stentgraft amplantation. Procedures were performed at one or two stages., Results: Mortality in patients treated classically (group I) depended on type of aneurysm in Crawford's classification. In type I-II mortality rate was 54% ((7 deaths/12 patients), in type III do V 17% (5 deaths/ 29 patients). In the group after hybrid procedure (group II) mortality rate was 28% (2 deaths/ 7 patients) in type I-II and 20% (1 death/5 patients) in type III to V. Observed serious perioperative complications., Conclusions: 1. Endovascular procedures development enabled introducing of new methods in thoracic-abdominal aortic aneurysms treatment (hybrid procedures) and allowed to get better results. 2. Clear advantage of hybrid procedures above classical Crawford's procedure is observed in type I and II of TAAA. 3. Mortality and morbidity rates recommend hybrid procedure in type I and II of TAAA. 4. Surgical results of classical and hybrid procedures in type III-V TAAA treatment are comparative, with indication on classical approach.