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Currently, power generating vessels are used in Indonesia to supply electricity to islands or isolated areas. This type of power plant is called a floating power plant or barge-mounted power plant or barge. Floating power plants can use a various of energy sources, such as steam energy, gas energy, nuclear energy, solar energy, ocean current energy, and sea wave energy. According to the plan for a nuclear power plant ship to be built on the island of Bangka, it is necessary to consider the aspects of evaluating the safety of the nuclear power plant site. This paper discusses the elements of site safety evaluation for nuclear power plants using descriptive methods and qualitatively with literature studies. The site evaluation of the floating power plants must be carried out in accordance with the existing laws and regulations, even though the regulations in Indonesia are addressed to land-based power reactors and the evaluations related to buildings and installations in the sea for electricity installations may refer to the existing regulations, which is Government Regulation Number 27 of 2021 concerning the Implementation of the Marine and Fisheries Sector, which regulates power generating ships. This study concludes that the regulation for site safety evaluation that applies to land-based nuclear reactors is still applicable for floating nuclear power plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The need to familiarize of reactor system especially for first of a kind (FOAK) type reactor is a must for nuclear regulatory body. Facing the upcoming new type of reactor that will be submitted for licensing in Indonesia requires a certain level of competency and knowledge for evaluators. A new type of reactor consists of a Molten Salt Reactor (MSR), a High Temperature Gas Cooled Reactor (HTGR), and others. One of the various ways to speed up the level of those requirements is by directly connecting to the system itself via a system that mimics the actual reactor simulator. Mostly, our human resources familiar with existing reactor instead of those mentioned above. Hence, the development of reactor simulators is practically beneficial to increasing and somehow polishing the personnel skills especially on certain type of reactor. Methodology on system engineering approach is applied to identify the needs, constraint, and control. In the early development of this project, a system engineering approach was applied to gather, collect, and grab information from the stakeholders as well as the opportunity from new advanced technology in information and nuclear systems. The concept development stage in system engineering was generally followed using System Modeling Languange (SysML). This paper described only on conceptual design phase in early project due to technical boundary yet to be decided. Ultimately, a user requirement document for the early phasewas developed. This document is as a based to be continued further. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As of March 2022, NuScale has published the 5th revision of all safety analysis reports that have been evaluated by the USNRC in the final safety evaluation report, which states that the NuScale design has met all safety requirements. With this development, NuScale will likely to be the first small modular reactor to receive a design certificate from the USNRC. Meanwhile, a study has explored the prospect of developing NuScale technology in Indonesia, which applies the regulatory system based on large-power light water reactors as also a common practice in many countries. Thus, the problem raised by this paper was how NuScale implemented graded approach to meet all the regulatory requirements? This question is very important considering the possibility of NuScle technology deployement in Indonesia and the fact that international standards for applying a graded approach to a nuclear power plant are not yet available. Hence, This paper aims to examine the application of the graded approach to NuScale technology. The method applied in this study was descriptive, analytical, and qualitative, utilized secondary data from credible international references, and carried out in four steps. The study started with the identification of relevant references and then selected one of them as the main reference while the other can be used for comparison. The level of coverage completeness and detail of instruction were used as the selection criteria of the identified documents The selected main reference was then studied to identify graded approach fields of application. Finally, the study also assesses how NuScale has implemented graded approach in those fields. This study concluded that NEI 18-04 document, as the selected main reference, is a comprehensive and detailed guide, and thus can be used as a reference to implement the graded approach in the three application fields, i.e.: selection of licensing basis events; classification of structures, systems and components; and evaluation of the adequacy of defense-in-depth. Furthermore, NuScale in their licensing document has demonstrated graded approach in the three fields of application with a method that is comparable to those described in the NEI 18-04. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Earthquake hazard deaggregation is needed to estimate the earthquake parameters, both magnitude (M) and distance (R) which gives the most significant contribution to the resulting maximum acceleration and is also helpful as a determining parameter in the selection of earthquake time history for site response analysis in liquefaction studies. The research stages include collecting and processing seismic data, modeling earthquake sources, selecting attenuation functions, managing uncertainty elements, calculating earthquake hazards using Probabilistic Seismic Hazard Analysis (PSHA), and disaggregating PSHA results. This paper describes the information about the probabilistic seismic distribution of earthquake sources based on the magnitude and distance of the earthquake, which gives the highest contribution to the seismic hazard map. At a certain magnitude and distance, its combination can produce liquefaction potential. The implementation of disaggregation in the Bishkek area was calculated based on maximum ground acceleration (PGA) and 0.1-second spectra acceleration in Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan, which was carried out for the probability of exceeding 10% in 50 years (earthquake return period of 475 years) and 2% in 50 years. (earthquake return period 2,475 years). In the 500 year return period for both PGA and 0.1-second spectra, the mean magnitude value is 6.23, while for the 2500 return period, it is 7.25. Seismic disaggregation map for the Bishkek area, Kyrgyzstan for PGA at the mean Magnitude value varies between 4.25 – 7.25, while the mean distance (R) value varies from 14.89 – 45.35 km. Areas far from active faults will be predominantly affected by earthquakes from the background, whereas areas close to active faults will be affected by earthquakes originating from thrust faults. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

BAPETEN Chairman Regulation Decree No. 8 the Year of 2013 concerning with the Evaluation of Nuclear Installation Sites for Seismic Aspects states that one of the stages of evaluating the ground motion hazard is the determination of Attenuation Function which is determined through the computation of the intensity of a particular ground motion specific to the site conditions based on several criteria. The issue has arisen for evaluators when there are no detailed guidelines in evaluating the attenuation function submitted by applicants in performing site evaluations. This paper discusses the method as well as the requirements used in determining the attenuation function in European countries. This method can be adapted to be applied in Indonesia as a guideline for evaluators in evaluating application documents submitted by applicants for seismic aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]