Search

Enquadramento: A cirurgia abdominal alta está associada a alta incidência de complicações pulmonares. A técnica breath stacking (BS) perspetiva-se como recurso com potencial terapêutico para a enfermagem de reabilitação. Objetivo: Avaliar a eficácia da técnica BS na melhoria da função respiratória. Metodologia: Estudo quasi-experimental com 36 mulheres submetidas a cirurgia bariátrica, distribuídas pelos grupos de controlo (GC) e intervenção (GI). Foram avaliadas no pré e pós-operatório as medidas capacidade vital forçada (CVF), volume expiratório forçado no primeiro segundo (VEF1), pressão inspiratória máxima (PIm), pressão expiratória máxima (PEm), saturação periférica de oxigénio (SpO2) e frequência respiratória (FR). Foi aplicada a técnica BS no GI no pré e pós-operatório. Recorreu-se à análise estatística descritiva e inferencial. Resultados: Observaram-se diferenças estatisticamente significativas pós-operatórias, entre o GC e o GI, na CVF ( -20,29 vs. -13,60), VEF1 (-23,05 vs. -13,38), PIm (-22,96 vs. -14,93), PEm (-14,10 vs -10,32) e FR (12,29 vs 6,45). Conclusão: A técnica de BS permitiu melhorar a função respiratória do GI e reverter as alterações previsíveis no pós-operatório de cirurgia bariátrica.

The canine transmissible venereal tumor (TVT) affects domestic dogs through intercourse, mechanical transplantation or by natural occurrence, with venereal transmission being the most common. It can occur in genital or extragenital regions, such as the nasal cavity. Complementary imaging exams allow an appropriate assessment of the location and, about rhinoscopy, an in loco assessment and collection of tumor tissue for histopathological evaluation. This article aimed to report four cases of dogs with TVT in the nasal cavity through rhinoscopy. A chow-chow dog and three unmarried dogs, all males, two to seven years old, with a history of upper respiratory noise, epistaxis, sneezing, exercise intolerance and deformity in nasal bone were admitted to the examination radiographic examination and biopsy guided by rhinoscopy for collection of a nasal tumor sample, with suspicion of CTVT. The collected material was sent, later, for histopathological examination, which confirmed the clinical suspicion and concluded the diagnosis. The association of imaging methods with rhinoscopy and radiographic examination, associated with histopathological examination, proved to be more efficient than alternative methods because it allows the study of the skull and its compliance, the direct visualization of the nasal cavity and the choice of the ideal site for collection of material, providing more accurate and safe results by histopathological analysis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Desde la antigüedad la relación del hombre con los recursos naturales ha sido estrecha, en especial con el uso de las plantas, como alimento, vestido, material de construcción para curar enfermedades. El objetivo del presente estudio fue registrar los usos de las plantas medicinales más comunes en la zona metropolitana de Saltillo, Coahuila. De octubre 2021 a mayo del 2022 se entrevistaron 113 informantes (17 hombres y 96 mujeres, de 20 a 70 años) a través de un cuestionario etnobotánico semiestructurado dividido en dos partes: aspectos socioeconómicos y conocimiento tradicional de plantas medicinales. El reporte de usos obtenido se dividió en 13 categorías basadas en las Clasificación Estadística Internacional de Enfermedades y Problemas de Salud de la Organización Mundial de la Salud. Se registro un uso promedio de 4.6 plantas y cinco usos por planta. Las mujeres registraron 4.9 plantas en promedio, a comparación de los hombres con un 3.1. El análisis de regresión, mostro correlación positiva entre edad y número de planta. Se utilizan 82 plantas para tratamiento de enfermedades distribuidas en 37 familias botánicas. Las enfermedades que más afectan son del sistema respiratorio, gastrointestinal y nervioso. Las especies medicinales con mayor Índice de Valor de Uso fueron: Matricaria chamomilla (IVU=0.65) y Litsea parvifolia (IVU=0.35). Las familias más representativas fueron Asteraceae (10 especies, 125 reportes de uso), Lamiaceae (12 especies, 119 RU) y Lauraceae (cuatro especies, 64 RU). La forma de preparación más comunes fueron la infusión (88.6 %) y emplasto (3.68 %).

Copyright of Acta Medica Colombiana is the property of Acta Medica Colombiana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Ecosistemas y Recursos Agropecuarios is the property of Universidad Juarez Autonoma de Tabasco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

El sistema respiratorio cumple múltiples funciones no respiratorias, entre ellas es fundamental su rol en la defensa del organismo frente a una gran variedad de agentes externos potencialmente nocivos. Para ello, cuenta con mecanismos de protección de la vía aérea, dado por sus estructuras anatómicas, reflejos y el transporte mucociliar, además de un complejo y amplio desarrollo del sistema inmune pulmonar. El objetivo de este articulo es revisar los conceptos y componentes más importantes de función defensiva del sistema respiratorio.

A great deal of attention of air pollution on respiratory health is increasing, particularly in relation to haze days. It is that exposure to cigarette smoke augments the toxicity of common air contaminants, thereby increasing the complexity of respiratory diseases. Although there are various mechanisms involved to respiratory diseases caused or worsen by cigarette smoking, in which the role of AQPs in the lung with regard to fluid homeostasis still remains elusive. In this paper, we copied the rat models based on smoke generator, and investigated the morphological changes of mucosa and related functions depending on the balance of lining liquid of alveoli via AQPs expression. Compared with normal group, weak labelling of AQP1 and AQP5 protein abundance were clearly detected in the corresponding part of smoke exposure groups compared with normal group. Hence, it is suggested that the contribution of AQPs in the lung is diminished, thereby causing perturbed balancing between resorptive and secretory fluid homeostasis under cigarette smoking. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: To determine the clinical and epidemiologic features of children with thymic hypoplasia and respiratory illnesses in Cuba. Methods: A retrospective study was conducted among children of 1-6 years of age of both sexes attended at a Pediatric Immunology Program of Hospital Materno Infantil Ángel Arturo Aballí Arellano in Habana, Cuba from September 2019 to August 2022. Children with thymic hypoplasia with and without a history of a respiratory illness either infectious or non-infectious were included. Results: No association between age and sex with thymic hypoplasia but an association was found with children with a severe respiratory illness. Factors associated with a severe respiratory illness were ineffective breastfeeding, history of an atopic condition, pregnancy of high risk, prematurity and exposure to tobacco smoke. Conclusions: Thymic hypoplasia was not associated with age or sex. An association with mild-moderate thymic hypoplasia was found with a severe respiratory illness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

At present, investigations are more frequent in which it is reported that survivors of the SARS-CoV-2 infection do not regain their state of health prior to the viral process. The study collected information about the various sequelae recorded in original research indexed in databases such as Scielo, Scopus, and Pubmed, 11 articles were found from patients who had COVID-19, who participated in various studies in the post-acute stage of the acute disease process. the disease, some of them were even evaluated after 6 months of having started the symptoms, however, they continued presenting symptoms after the remission of the disease. In other articles, patients were evaluated by imaging tests such as computed axial tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The results indicated sequelae in the respiratory system such as dyspnea, fatigue, lesions compatible with pulmonary fibrosis; while, in the cardiovascular system, sequelae such as tachycardia, palpitations, arterial hypertension, myocarditis and pericardial effusion were reported. Likewise, sequelae such as headache, ageusia, anosmia, insomnia, amnesia and concentration deficit were evidenced in the nervous system; In the musculoskeletal system, arthralgia, myalgia, difficulty moving, and, finally, in mental health, the conditions recorded were anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, apathy, dysphoria, and feelings of inferiority.

O Brasil apresenta uma grande variedade de espécies de aves e dentre essas destaca-se o Sporophila angolensis, uma ave presente no grupo dos passeriformes. Essa ave está entre as espécies mais criadas em cativeiro e que consequentemente podem ser acometidas por agentes, como exemplo a Candida sp., um fungo comumente encontrado no trato gastrointestinal das aves. No entanto, a ocorrência desta levedura é rara em outros sistemas. Desse modo, o objetivo do presente estudo é relatar a presença da Candida sp. associada a um quadro clínico de rinite e sinusite em um curió, que apresentava alteração da região ocular, ressecamento generalizado do bico, protrusão de pálpebra unilateral, alterações respiratórias e urato amarelado. O diagnóstico foi obtido a partir do cultivo fúngico e bacteriano que constatou a presença de Staphylococcus spp. e Candida sp. Esse animal obteve melhora apenas com o tratamento paliativo, apresentando somente uma lesão ocular que culminou em cegueira unilateral. Conclui-se que problemas respiratórios causados por Candida sp. em aves são raramente relatados. Diante disso, o conhecimento sobre os agentes que acometem as aves selvagens é essencial para gerar dados sanitários e contribuir para a conservação dessas espécies, visto que poucos patógenos são elucidados na literatura.

Introducción: la COVID-19 es una enfermedad que disminuye las capacidades pulmonares, aún más si la infección ocurre en pacientes con una afección cardíaca de base que pudiera influir en el sistema respiratorio. Estadísticamente la hipertensión es la afección vascular que más frecuentemente se relaciona con defunciones por el virus. Objetivo: describir el curso clínico de un paciente hipertenso tras infectarse con COVID-19. Presentación del caso: se presentó el caso de un paciente hipertenso desde hacía 26 años que inició con síntomas sugestivos de infección respiratoria. Tras ser examinado y con complementarios positivos se diagnosticó al paciente con enfermedad por COVID-19. Fue tratado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos hasta su egresión vivo con marcada mejoría y exámenes para la infección respiratoria negativos. se presentó el caso de un paciente hipertenso desde hacía 26 años que inició con síntomas sugestivos de infección respiratoria. Tras ser examinado y con complementarios positivos se diagnosticó al paciente con enfermedad por COVID-19. Fue tratado en la Unidad de Cuidados Intensivos hasta su egresión vivo con marcada mejoría y exámenes para la infección respiratoria negativos. Conclusiones: ante una presunta infección respiratoria, se deben indicar complementarios, incluyendo la reacción en cadena de la polimerasa. Una vez diagnosticada la infección, el paciente debe recibir terapia intensiva, monitoreo y tratamiento de complicaciones.

Background: Pneumonia is a common acute respiratory infection that affects the alveoli and the distal bronchial tree of the lungs. The disease is broadly divided into communityacquired pneumonia (CAP) or hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP). CAP is defined as pneumonia occurring in a patient with no recent exposure to healthcare, and covers an extremely variable clinical spectrum, ranging from patients with healthy appearance to necrotizing or multilobar disease with septic shock. Pneumonia carries the highest mortality of any infectious disease, and children under five are one of the most borne by the PAC, with cases accounting for 107.7 episodes per 1,000 children. Aim: Through a literature review, to evaluate the evidence on the treatment of pneumonia in children, with a CAP approach. Method: This is an exploratory study, based on the method of integrative literature review. The database chosen for the selection of studies was PUBMED, using the following search strategy: pneumonia[title] AND treatment[title] AND (children[title] OR pediatrics[title]). Any paper that discussed the proposed topic was initially included in the sample. Results: A total of 396 papers that responded to previously established strategy were identified. After reading the titles and abstracts, 32 scientific articles were included in this review. Conclusion: The main finding of this review was that the decrease in time and dosage of treatments with beta-lactam drugs (mainly amoxicillin) were effective and safe for the treatment of CAP in children. In addition, a shorter course of amoxicillin improves adherence to therapy, is inexpensive, and puts less pressure on antimicrobial resistance. However, the severity of the disease, the treatment site, and previously used antibiotics must be taken into account before applying the protocols. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte is the property of Centro Andaluza de Medicina del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: lung cancer, an almost exceptional disease in the 20th century, has become a major health problem worldwide. Objective: to clinically and epidemiologically characterize lung cancer in patients operated in the surgery service of the Abel Santamaría Cuadrado Hospital, in the period 2021-2022. Methods: an analytical, descriptive, retrospective and cross-sectional study was carried out in patients operated at the "Abel Santamaría" Hospital. The universe and the sample consisted of 18 electively operated patients. Theoretical, empirical and descriptive statistical methods were used. The variables analyzed were age, sex, form of presentation, relationship with smoking, risk factors, histological subtype and type of surgery. Results: male sex and age group between 44 and 72 years old predominated, being the most frequent form of presentation the alteration of respiratory function, some with exacerbation of old symptoms followed by the general syndrome, with predominance of workers in the agricultural and industrial sectors. Adenocarcinoma was identified as the most frequent histological type, followed by squamous cell carcinoma, for a predominance of stage IIb and IIa. Conclusions: A clinical epidemiological behavior with a predominance of male patients over 50 years of age was verified, it is noteworthy that the predominant form of presentation was respiratory alterations, and the low association existing between these at the primary care level and by the general population with said disease.

Conocer la estructura del sistema respiratorio es fundamental para comprender cómo realiza sus funciones, desde la principal, el intercambio gaseoso, hasta otras funciones no respiratorias tales como el equilibrio ácido-base, fonación, defensa pulmonar, metabolismo pulmonar y procesamiento de materiales bioactivos. El objetivo de esta revisión es describir los conocimientos actuales de la anatomía del aparato respiratorio y mencionar sus funciones tanto respiratorias como no respiratorias.

At present, investigations are more frequent in which it is reported that survivors of the SARS-CoV-2 infection do not regain their state of health prior to the viral process. The study collected information about the various sequelae recorded in original research indexed in databases such as Scielo, Scopus, and Pubmed, 11 articles were found from patients who had COVID-19, who participated in various studies in the post-acute stage of the acute disease process. the disease, some of them were even evaluated after 6 months of having started the symptoms, however, they continued presenting symptoms after the remission of the disease. In other articles, patients were evaluated by imaging tests such as computed axial tomography and cardiac magnetic resonance imaging. The results indicated sequelae in the respiratory system such as dyspnea, fatigue, lesions compatible with pulmonary fibrosis; while, in the cardiovascular system, sequelae such as tachycardia, palpitations, arterial hypertension, myocarditis and pericardial effusion were reported. Likewise, sequelae such as headache, ageusia, anosmia, insomnia, amnesia and concentration deficit were evidenced in the nervous system; In the musculoskeletal system, arthralgia, myalgia, difficulty moving, and, finally, in mental health, the conditions recorded were anxiety, post-traumatic stress disorder, depression, apathy, dysphoria, and feelings of inferiority. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Habanera de Ciencias Médicas is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Medicas de La Habana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Nos anos 1980 houve uma intensificação nas pesquisas sobre base de conhecimento docente, com a configuração de tipologias muito utilizadas até hoje. Algumas delas tem sido a base para a criação de modelos teóricos específicos e especializados para diferentes disciplinas escolares, com pioneirismo na Matemática. O objetivo desta pesquisa é utilizar o recente modelo teórico de Conhecimento Especializado de Professores de Biologia, o Biology Teachers’ Specialized Knowledge – BTSK, como ferramenta de análise de aula prática de biologia sobre sistema respiratório. Realizamos uma investigação qualitativa, interpretativa, cuja fonte de dados foi um relato de prática de ensino do referido tema de Biologia por meio de Professional and Pedagogical Experience Repertoire – PaP-eR e utilizamos o instrumento de análise de conhecimentos especializados (iMTSK) adaptado à Biologia. Como resultados, além das caracterizações dos conhecimentos mobilizados foram identificadas conexões entre os subdomínios identificando o caráter especializado e determinando a legitimidade do BTSK como ferramenta para compreensão e melhoria da formação de professores.

Este trabalho trata de uma sequência de ensino por investigação sobre o sistema respiratório utilizando a metodologia Social and Emotional Learning-SEL para ensino de Ciências, com vistas a apresentar uma proposta de ensino que propicie desenvolvimento de habilidades cognitivas e socioemocionais. O processo de ensino aprendizagem foi embasado na teoria histórico-cultural de Vygotsky e no campo didático metodológico, o ensino por investigação. Trata-se de uma pesquisa qualitativa de estudo de caso, que contou com a participação de 11 professores com titulação de mestres em Ensino de Ciências. Os resultados apresentaram o desenvolvimento de habilidades socioemocionais, em especial, o autogerenciamento e a autogestão. A atividade proposta, mostrou-se como uma rica ferramenta para professores ampliarem seus objetivos de aprendizagem com os alunos.

The main purpose of this study was to examine the correlation between the aerobic and anaerobic performance of diaphragm thickness in athletes. That study was conducted with 15 team athletes (TA) (age 21.80 ± 2.40 years), 15 individual athletes (IA) (age 18.93 ± 2.31 years) and the control group (CON) 10 people living sedentary lifestyles (age 23.60 ± 2.91 years). In this study, diaphragm muscle thickness (B-mode ultrasonography), respiratory function (spirometry and maximum inspiratory (MIP) and expiratory pressures (MEP), aerobic capacity yo-yo intermittent endurance Test 1 (YYIET-1), and anaerobic power by Monark 834 E were assessed. The diaphragm thickness was determined from the intercostalspace between the 8th and 9th ribs at the expiration time by ultrasound and from the intercostal space between the 10th and 11th ribs at inspiration and then, the thickness of the diaphragm was measured from the diaphragm is seen best. There was a positive correlation between DiTins(r= 0.477) and DiTins-ex(r= 0.473) parameters of TA. In IA, there was a significant correlation between DiTins and DiTins-ex parameters and Peak Power (r= 0.495 and 0.435, respectively) and average power (r= 0.483 and 0.446, respectively). No significant correlation in all parameters of the CON group (p<0.05). As a result, it was determined that athletes with high diaphragm thickness had higher anaerobic performance, and athletes with thinner diaphragm thickness had better VO2 Max capacity. The diaphragm thickness of the athletes in individual branches was thicker than the team athletes, and their anaerobic performance was also higher. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

La espirometría es la prueba de función pulmonar más adecuada para evaluar a preescolares con enfermedades pulmonares crónicas y sibilancias recurrentes. Es útil, accesible y de buen rendimiento. Para una correcta interpretación debe realizarse bajo las condiciones especialmente normadas para este grupo etario. En esta revisión, producto del trabajo realizado durante el año 2018, por la comisión de función pulmonar de la sociedad Chilena de Neumología Pediátrica, se expondrán los aspectos actualizados para la realización e interpretación de la espirometría en preescolares, con énfasis en las diferencias de los criterios clásicamente descritos para niños mayores y adultos.

La espirometría es el examen más comúnmente utilizado para evaluar la función pulmonar en niños y adultos. Para obtener resultados de buena calidad deben cumplirse varios requisitos, desde la capacidad profesional del técnico, calidad de los equipos, colaboración del paciente y utilización de patrones de referencia adecuados. La espirometría tiene como utilidad definir alteraciones ventilatorias obstructivas de vía aérea central y periférica, evaluar respuesta a broncodilatador y orientar al diagnóstico de enfermedades restrictivas. Se describen los nuevos consensos de expertos nacionales e internacionales, los cuales han ido perfeccionando varios aspectos de este examen.

Copyright of Dilemas Contemporáneos: Educación, Política y Valores is the property of Dilemas Contemporaneos: Educacion, Politica y Valores and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

O Sistema respiratório é responsável por oxigenar todo o sangue que esteja pobre em oxigênio (O2), e remover do nosso sangue o gás carbônico (CO2). Mesmo que não haja regulação dos hormônios sexuais referentes ao processo de respiração, a literatura mostra que há influência, principalmente quando estes podem apresentar ação estimulante ou inibitória sobre o sistema respiratório. O estudo teve como objetivo revisar a literatura sobre os efeitos dos principais hormônios sexuais envolvidos na regulação fisiológica da respiração, assim como sua influência na fisiopatologia de desordens respiratórias, evidenciando sua contribuição a nível de SNC (controladores respiratórios), pulmonares locais e vias aéreas. Trata-se de uma revisão de literatura, sendo usado os descritores com base DeCS (descritores de assunto em ciências da saúde da Bireme), em inglês e português: “Hormônios Esteroides Gonadais- Steroid Hormones”, “Respiração- Respiration”, “Sistema Respiratório- Respiratory System”. Foram consultadas as bases de dados eletrônicas PubMed, Web Of Scienci e SciELO. Os estudos incluídos nesta revisão foram baseados em ensaios clínicos e metanálises, estudos que abordassem bem os efeitos dos hormônios sexuais do aparelho respiratório, e estudos publicados nos últimos 5 anos, com exceção de 1 artigo que foi considerado referência base para estudos desta temática. Os critérios de exclusão foram trabalhos publicados em anais de congresso, resumos de eventos científicos, e artigos que não estavam disponíveis na íntegra. Observou-se uma crescente linha de evidências de que os hormônios sexuais têm um importante papel em praticamente todos os processos fisiológicos, inclusive na respiração. Os hormônios estrógeno, progesterona e testosterona podem influenciar a função respiratória em animais e em humanos.

Copyright of Revista de Ciencias Médicas de Pinar del Río is the property of Editorial Ciencias Medicas and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Revista Brasileira de Medicina do Esporte is the property of Redprint Editora Ltda. and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Introduction: recurrent pneumonia accounts for 8% in hospital admission studies, however the frequency of recurrent pneumonia arising in these settings is unknown, as a result there is under-registration in clinical records in most hospital institutions at discharge. No studies are reported regarding this topic in the province. Objective: to characterize clinically, epidemiologically and by imaging the recurrent pneumonia in children under five years old. Methods: an observational, descriptive, and cross-sectional research was conducted. The sample consisted of 328 patients having the diagnosis of recurrent pneumonia, who attended the period from October 2016 to October 2018, at Pepe Portilla Provincial Pediatric Teaching Hospital. The following variables were collected from the medical records: age, sex, underlying diseases, symptoms and clinical signs, chest X-ray and pulmonary tomography results. Results: the age group most represented was 2-3 years and male sex (58,5 % vs. 41,5 %). The most frequent symptom was cough and the clinical sign the polypnea. Bronchial asthma was the underlying disease that showed the highest frequency of presentation. Chest X-ray findings mostly confirmed bronchopneumonia lesion and in CT scans, multitabicated empyema. Conclusions: recurrent pneumonia is a common illness in this hospital, and imaging studies were essential to corroborate the diagnosis.

ntroducción: Las funciones de protección o defensa del ser humano en contacto con su ambiente son de enorme importancia, ya que un adulto sano, se pone en contacto diario con 10,000 a 20,000 litros de aire. Este aire contiene agentes físicos, químicos o biológicos, que pueden ser modificados, eliminados o destruidos por los me-canismos de protección del sistema respiratorio. El objetivo de este metaanálisis y revisión sistemática es el análisis en especial de enero a diciembre de 2020, para ver que dice la literatura respecto a las alteraciones en los mecanismos de defensa del huésped frente al virus responsable de la pandemia SARS-CoV-2.Material y métodos: Se buscaron revisiones sistemáticas, metaanáli-sis y ensayos clínicos de las revistas: New England Journal of Medici-ne, Lancet, Science, Crit Care Med, Chest, Lung, Journal of Pediatrics, American Journal of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, JAMA,utilizando las bases de datos de Pubmed, MEDLINE, Research Squa-re, www.mdconsult.com y www.who.int/health-topics/coronavirus. Se buscó que los artículos estuvieran enfocados en los hallazgos de las alteraciones de los mecanismos de defensa del sistema respira-

Las diversas enfermedades producidas por material particulado, en especial aquellas que se generan como resultado de la exposición al polvo de harina; muy común en los panaderos y que es un factor del desarrollo del “asma del panadero”. En el artículo se describen los efectos generados por las panaderías hacia los panaderos debido a la exposición del polvo de harina, generándoles posibles enfermedades respiratorias, reacciones alérgicas al sistema respiratorio y síndromes respectivos; como medidas de prevención se recomienda la utilización de sistemas de extracción del polvo de harina que permiten minimizar las enfermedades respiratorias, en especial el asma ocupacional

En el México antiguo se tenía conocimiento de enfermedades propias del sistema respiratorio que fueron una causa importante de mortalidad en la población. Severas epidemias en el siglo XVI asolaron y produjeron la muerte a nueve de cada 10 indígenas. Los médicos prehispánicos se desempeñaban como médicos-hechiceros y atendían las enfermedades físicas y espirituales que aquejaban a la población. Se ha identificado un conocimiento médico importante propio de cada cultura, que explicaba las enfermedades dependiendo de las creencias religiosas e intentaba resolver los problemas de salud que aquejaban a la población en esa época.

Copyright of Revista Kronos is the property of Revista Kronos and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

RESUMO A força dos músculos respiratórios é avaliada pela manovacuometria, que fornece duas medidas: força muscular inspiratória e força muscular expiratória. Durante imersão em uma piscina, a função pulmonar é alterada de modo a interferir no comprimento e nas atividades dos músculos respiratórios. O objetivo deste estudo é analisar e comparar a força muscular respiratória, em indivíduos saudáveis, exercida em solo e na piscina terapêutica com o tórax submerso na água. O estudo foi do tipo observacional descritivo transversal, realizado entre os meses de agosto e novembro de 2016. Participaram 24 acadêmicos do curso de Fisioterapia da Universidade Luterana do Brasil (Ulbra) de Canoas, avaliados pela manovacuometria no solo e na piscina. Quando compararam-se as pressões inspiratórias, observou-se que após um minuto com o tórax em imersão não houve diferença estaticamente significante em relação ao solo. Entretanto, ao final do período de 20 minutos em imersão, houve um aumento significativo da pressão inspiratória. Já para a pressão expiratória, a diferença entre as condições analisadas não foi expressiva. Um valor de p

Copyright of Ciencia, Tecnología y Salud is the property of Ciencia, Tecnologia y Salud and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Neutrosophic Computing & Machine Learning is the property of Multimedia Larga and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The purpose of the article is to consider the organization of the educational process in the discipline "Physical Culture and Sports" of students assigned for health reasons to a special medical group in the system of higher professional education. An analysis of the scientific and methodological literature showed that there is no single approach to the organization of educational work with representatives of a special medical group. The identified trend, indicating a growing number of students with poor health, requires the search for new forms and technologies for organizing training sessions with this category. The complexity of organizing training sessions with students of a special medical department is that the study group, as a rule, consists of students with various diseases and various levels of functional and physical development. A possible approach to the organization of the educational process in physical education in a heterogeneous group is considered in this article. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Saúde Coletiva is the property of MPM Comunicacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

It is known that, in ancient Mexico, diseases of the respiratory system were a major cause of death in the population. Severe epidemics in the XVI century ravaged and killed nine out of ten indigenous persons. Pre-Hispanic physicians served as medical sorcerers and dealt with the physical and spiritual diseases that afflicted the population. Important medical knowledge pertaining to each culture has been identified; this knowledge explained the diseases depending on the religious beliefs of each culture, and it tried to solve the health problems that afflicted the population at that time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Cuadernos de Música, Artes Visuales y Artes Escénicas is the property of Pontificia Universidad Javeriana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Although, calf diphtheria and necrotic laryngitis are common infections in the oral cavity's soft tissues, arytenoid chondritis is addressed as a serious but rarely diagnosed complication in cattle. This paper aimed to describe clinical, laboratory, imaging, and pathological findings in two calves with arytenoid chondritis. A 2-month-old Jersey calf and a 3-month-old Girolando calf presented 40-days history of respiratory distress. In the former, oral endoscopy revealed enlarged and immobile arytenoids with major involvement of the left arytenoid, causing severe distortion and partial obstruction of the rima glottidis. In the latter, latero-lateral radiography of the head revealed radiolucent areas and thickening at the level of the larynx to the dorsal trachea. Pathological examination of one calf showed neutrophilic multifocal inflammatory infiltrate and areas of necrosis in the cricoarytenoid cartilage, surrounded by abscessation. Definitive diagnosis of arytenoid chondritis in these two calves was established on the basis of clinical, laboratory, imaging (endoscopy and radiography), and pathological findings. Daily and careful observation of the herds and the use of ancillary diagnostic methods allowed the early diagnosis of the disease, and accurate diagnosis can improve prognosis and increase treatment success rate. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Eletrônica de Enfermagem is the property of Revista Eletronica de Enfermagem and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Antecedentes: los virus BRSV y PI3 son agentes infecciosos asociados al complejo respiratorio bovino en lotes de engorde (feedlot) y sistemas productivos de cría y ordeño con diferente morbilidad y mortalidad. Objetivo: estimar seroprevalencia y factores asociados a infección y coinfección en bovinos doble propósito del piedemonte del Meta. Métodos: estudio transversal en veredas periurbanas de Villavicencio. Tamaño de muestra‚ Epidat 4.2‚ con prevalencia hipotética de 5 %‚ precisión 3 % y confianza 95 % de 636 bovinos‚ distribuidos en 5 veredas‚ 24 predios y grupos etarios dentro de finca‚ predios y animales por selección aleatoria. Muestras de sangre entera por punción venosa en vertebras coccígeas. Serología con Elisa competitiva para el BRSV y Elisa indirecta para PI3. Con encuesta presencial se capturó información sobre entorno‚ especies domésticas‚ áreas‚ alimentación‚ reproducción y salud. Análisis de frecuencias con chi2 de independencia y fuerza de asociación con Odds ratio. Variables categóricas asociadas a seroprevalencia con p ≤ 0.05 fueron incluidas en un modelo de regresión logística binaria. Los análisis estadísticos se realizaron con Epidat versión 4.2.‚ 2014 y IBM-SPSS® 19.0. Resultados La seroprevalencia general fue 80‚8 % para VRSB y 77‚4 % para PI3 y 63‚1 % para VRSB-PI3. Los factores significativamente asociados (p < 0‚01) a VRSB fueron sexo‚ tenencia de tierra‚ entierra placenta‚ conservación de forrajes‚ subproductos agrícolas‚ concentrado‚ presencia de equinos e ingreso animales. Los factores asociados a PI3 (p < 0‚01) fueron grupo etario‚ sexo‚ finca y monta directa. La magnitud de la seroprevalencia compartida‚ BRSV-PI3‚ 81‚5 % de los positivos a PI3 fueron positivos a BRSV‚ desaconsejó el análisis de factores asociados. El modelo logístico binario presentó como factores asociados para VRSB (R² = 0‚13) ‚ predio en arriendo y ordeño como factores protectores y factores asociados: enterrar placenta y presencia de equinos‚ al 13 % del VRSB‚ para PI3 el modelo no develó factores asociados. Conclusiones: la prevalencia de los virus analizados‚ como la coinfección es alta‚ requiere una atención oportuna de los efectos respiratorios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Obstructive sleep apnea-hypopnea syndrome (OSAHS) is a disease characterized by recurrent upper airway obstruction (UAO), with decreased airflow, intermittent hypoxemia, and awakening during sleep. Two essential factors are related to the pathophysiology of OSAHS: anatomical alterations and reduction or absence of neural control. While studying OSAHS, the site or sites of obstruction of the UA should be identified; they may extend from the nasal wings to the hypopharynx. Another important factor in this syndrome is the nervous influence on muscle tone of the hypopharynx, as well as the changes in blood pH, which are secondary to micro-arousals. Body position and sleep stage determine the severity. The pathophysiology of OSAHS should be understood to properly study a patient and provide the best treatment option.

RESUMO A imobilização é uma condição que compromete diversos segmentos e sistemas orgânicos, inclusive o sistema respiratório, levando a alterações estruturais e funcionais. O objetivo deste estudo foi analisar a função pulmonar e estrutura micromecânica após 14 dias de restrição de movimento de ratas. Foram utilizados catorze ratas Wistar com massa corporal entre 210 g±50 g, distribuídas em dois grupos, compostos por (n=7) cada grupo: Controle (C) e Imobilizado (I). O procedimento de imobilização envolveu abdômen (e últimas costelas), pelve, quadril e joelho em extensão, além de tornozelo em flexão plantar, por duas semanas. Após esse período de imobilização, foi realizada a análise da função pulmonar por ventilador mecânico para pequenos animais (flexiVent) e manobras de recrutamento alveolar (MR). E, posteriormente, foram retiradas tiras do pulmão de cada animal para analisar a micromecânica pulmonar. Para a análise estatística, utilizou-se o teste t não pareado com significância estatística (p

ABSTRACT Dysfunctional breathing (DB) is a respiratory condition characterized by irregular breathing patterns that occur either in the absence of concurrent diseases or secondary to cardiopulmonary diseases. Although the primary symptom is often dyspnea or “air hunger”, DB is also associated with nonrespiratory symptoms such as dizziness and palpitations. DB has been identified across all ages. Its prevalence among adults in primary care in the United Kingdom is approximately 9.5%. In addition, among individuals with asthma, a positive diagnosis of DB is found in a third of women and a fifth of men. Although DB has been investigated for decades, it remains poorly understood because of a paucity of high-quality clinical trials and validated outcome measures specific to this population. Accordingly, DB is often underdiagnosed or misdiagnosed, given the similarity of its associated symptoms (dyspnea, tachycardia, and dizziness) to those of other common cardiopulmonary diseases such as COPD and asthma. The high rates of misdiagnosis of DB suggest that health care professionals do not fully understand this condition and may therefore fail to provide patients with an appropriate treatment. Given the multifarious, psychophysiological nature of DB, a holistic, multidimensional assessment would seem the most appropriate way to enhance understanding and diagnostic accuracy. The present narrative review was developed as a means of summarizing the available evidence about DB, as well as improving understanding of the condition by researchers and practitioners.

Background: Upper abdominal surgery is associated with a high incidence of pulmonary complications. The breath-stacking (BS) technique is considered a resource with therapeutic potential for rehabilitation nursing. Objective: To assess the effectiveness of the BS technique in improving the respiratory function. Methodology: Quasi-experimental study with 36 women undergoing bariatric surgery, distributed into a control group (CG) and an intervention group (IG). The forced vital capacity (FVC), the forced expiratory volume in one second (FEV1), the maximal inspiratory pressure (MIP), the maximal expiratory pressure (MEP), the peripheral oxygen saturation (SpO2), and the respiratory rate (RR) were evaluated in the pre and postoperative periods. The BS technique was applied to the IG in the pre and postoperative periods. Both descriptive and inferential statistics were used. Results: Statistically significant postoperative differences were observed between the CG and the IG in FVC (-20.29 vs. -13.60), FEV1 (-23.05 vs. -13.38), MIP (-22.96 vs. -14.93), MEP (-14.10 vs. -10.32), and RF (12.29 vs. 6.45). Conclusion: The BS technique improved the respiratory function of the IG and reversed the predictable changes in the postoperative period of bariatric surgery. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]