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1. Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfaction: A forty-nine country study

Author

Krys, K. Yeung, J.C. Capaldi, C.A. Lun, V.M.-C. Torres, C. van Tilburg, W.A.P. Bond, M.H. Zelenski, J.M. Haas, B.W. Park, J. Maricchiolo, F. Vauclair, C.-M. Kosiarczyk, A. Kocimska-Zych, A. Kwiatkowska, A. Adamovic, M. Pavlopoulos, V. Fülöp, M. Sirlopu, D. Okvitawanli, A. Boer, D. Teyssier, J. Malyonova, A. Gavreliuc, A. Uchida, Y. Serdarevich, U. Akotia, C. Appoh, L. Arévalo Mira, D.M. Baltin, A. Denoux, P. Dominguez-Espinosa, A. Esteves, C.S. Gamsakhurdia, V. Garðarsdóttir, R.B. Igbokwe, D.O. Igou, E.R. Işık, İ. Kascakova, N. Klůzová Kračmárová, L. Kronberger, N. Lee, J.H. Liu, X. Barrientos, P.E. Mohorić, T. Mustaffa, N.F. Mosca, O. Nader, M. Nadi, A. van Osch, Y. Pavlović, Z. Poláčková Šolcová, I. Rizwan, M. Romashov, V. Røysamb, E. Sargautyte, R. Schwarz, B. Selecká, L. Selim, H.A. Stogianni, M. Sun, C.-R. Xing, C. Vignoles, V.L. and Krys, K. Yeung, J.C. Capaldi, C.A. Lun, V.M.-C. Torres, C. van Tilburg, W.A.P. Bond, M.H. Zelenski, J.M. Haas, B.W. Park, J. Maricchiolo, F. Vauclair, C.-M. Kosiarczyk, A. Kocimska-Zych, A. Kwiatkowska, A. Adamovic, M. Pavlopoulos, V. Fülöp, M. Sirlopu, D. Okvitawanli, A. Boer, D. Teyssier, J. Malyonova, A. Gavreliuc, A. Uchida, Y. Serdarevich, U. Akotia, C. Appoh, L. Arévalo Mira, D.M. Baltin, A. Denoux, P. Dominguez-Espinosa, A. Esteves, C.S. Gamsakhurdia, V. Garðarsdóttir, R.B. Igbokwe, D.O. Igou, E.R. Işık, İ. Kascakova, N. Klůzová Kračmárová, L. Kronberger, N. Lee, J.H. Liu, X. Barrientos, P.E. Mohorić, T. Mustaffa, N.F. Mosca, O. Nader, M. Nadi, A. van Osch, Y. Pavlović, Z. Poláčková Šolcová, I. Rizwan, M. Romashov, V. Røysamb, E. Sargautyte, R. Schwarz, B. Selecká, L. Selim, H.A. Stogianni, M. Sun, C.-R. Xing, C. Vignoles, V.L.

Abstract

In this paper, we introduce the concept of ‘societal emotional environment’: the emotional climate of a society (operationalized as the degree to which positive and negative emotions are expressed in a society). Using data collected from 12,888 participants across 49 countries, we show how societal emotional environments vary across countries and cultural clusters, and we consider the potential importance of these differences for well-being. Multilevel analyses supported a ‘double-edged sword’ model of negative emotion expression, where expression of negative emotions predicted higher life satisfaction for the expresser but lower life satisfaction for society. In contrast, partial support was found for higher societal life satisfaction in positive societal emotional environments. Our study highlights the potential utility and importance of distinguishing between positive and negative emotion expression, and adopting both individual and societal perspectives in well-being research. Individual pathways to happiness may not necessarily promote the happiness of others. © 2021 The Author(s). Published by Informa UK Limited, trading as Taylor & Francis Group.

Published
2022

2. Societal emotional environments and cross-cultural differences in life satisfaction: A forty-nine country study

Author

Krys, K, Yeung, JC, Capaldi, CA, Lun, VMC, Torres, C, van Tilburg, WAP, Bond, MH, Zelenski, JM, Haas, BW, Park, J, Maricchiolo, F, Vauclair, CM, Kosiarczyk, A, Kocimska-Zych, A, Kwiatkowska, A, Adamovic, M, Pavlopoulos, V, Fülöp, M, Sirlopu, D, Okvitawanli, A, Boer, D, Teyssier, J, Malyonova, A, Gavreliuc, A, Uchida, Y, Serdarevich, U, Akotia, C, Appoh, L, Arévalo Mira, DM, Baltin, A, Denoux, P, Dominguez-Espinosa, A, Esteves, CS, Gamsakhurdia, V, Garðarsdóttir, RB, Igbokwe, DO, Igou, ER, Işık, İ, Kascakova, N, Klůzová Kračmárová, L, Kronberger, N, Lee, JH, Liu, X, Barrientos, PE, Mohorić, T, Mustaffa, NF, Mosca, O, Nader, M, Nadi, A, van Osch, Y, Pavlović, Z, Poláčková Šolcová, I, Rizwan, M, Romashov, V, Røysamb, E, Sargautyte, R, Schwarz, B, Selecká, L, Selim, HA, Stogianni, M, Sun, CR, Xing, C, Vignoles, VL, Krys, K, Yeung, JC, Capaldi, CA, Lun, VMC, Torres, C, van Tilburg, WAP, Bond, MH, Zelenski, JM, Haas, BW, Park, J, Maricchiolo, F, Vauclair, CM, Kosiarczyk, A, Kocimska-Zych, A, Kwiatkowska, A, Adamovic, M, Pavlopoulos, V, Fülöp, M, Sirlopu, D, Okvitawanli, A, Boer, D, Teyssier, J, Malyonova, A, Gavreliuc, A, Uchida, Y, Serdarevich, U, Akotia, C, Appoh, L, Arévalo Mira, DM, Baltin, A, Denoux, P, Dominguez-Espinosa, A, Esteves, CS, Gamsakhurdia, V, Garðarsdóttir, RB, Igbokwe, DO, Igou, ER, Işık, İ, Kascakova, N, Klůzová Kračmárová, L, Kronberger, N, Lee, JH, Liu, X, Barrientos, PE, Mohorić, T, Mustaffa, NF, Mosca, O, Nader, M, Nadi, A, van Osch, Y, Pavlović, Z, Poláčková Šolcová, I, Rizwan, M, Romashov, V, Røysamb, E, Sargautyte, R, Schwarz, B, Selecká, L, Selim, HA, Stogianni, M, Sun, CR, Xing, C, and Vignoles, VL

Published
2022

3. Gender Gap in Parental Leave Intentions: Evidence from 37 Countries

Author

Maria I. T. Olsson, Sanne van Grootel, Katharina Block, Carolin Schuster, Loes Meeussen, Colette Van Laar, Toni Schmader, Alyssa Croft, Molly Shuyi Sun, Mare Ainsaar, Lianne Aarntzen, Magdalena Adamus, Joel Anderson, Ciara Atkinson, Mohamad Avicenna, Przemysław Bąbel, Markus Barth, Tessa M. Benson‐Greenwald, Edona Maloku, Jacques Berent, Hilary B. Bergsieker, Monica Biernat, Andreea G. Bîrneanu, Blerta Bodinaku, Janine Bosak, Jennifer Bosson, Marija Branković, Julius Burkauskas, Vladimíra Čavojová, Sapna Cheryan, Eunsoo Choi, Incheol Choi, Carlos C. Contreras‐Ibáñez, Andrew Coogan, Ivan Danyliuk, Ilan Dar‐Nimrod, Nilanjana Dasgupta, Soledad de Lemus, Thierry Devos, Marwan Diab, Amanda B. Diekman, Maria Efremova, Léïla Eisner, Anja Eller, Rasa Erentaite, Denisa Fedáková, Renata Franc, Leire Gartzia, Alin Gavreliuc, Dana Gavreliuc, Julija Gecaite‐Stonciene, Adriana L. Germano, Ilaria Giovannelli, Renzo Gismondi Diaz, Lyudmila Gitikhmayeva, Abiy Menkir Gizaw, Biljana Gjoneska, Omar Martínez González, Roberto González, Isaac David Grijalva, Derya Güngör, Marie Gustafsson Sendén, William Hall, Charles Harb, Bushra Hassan, Tabea Hässler, Diala R. Hawi, Levke Henningsen, Annedore Hoppe, Keiko Ishii, Ivana Jakšić, Alba Jasini, Jurgita Jurkevičienė, Kaltrina Kelmendi, Teri A. Kirby, Yoko Kitakaji, Natasza Kosakowska‐Berezecka, Inna Kozytska, Clara Kulich, Eva Kundtová‐Klocová, Filiz Kunuroglu, Christina Lapytskaia Aidy, Albert Lee, Anna Lindqvist, Wilson López‐López, Liany Luzvinda, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Delphine Martinot, Rita Anne McNamara, Alyson Meister, Tizita Lemma Melka, Narseta Mickuviene, María Isabel Miranda‐Orrego, Thadeus Mkamwa, James Morandini, Thomas Morton, David Mrisho, Jana Nikitin, Sabine Otten, Maria Giuseppina Pacilli, Elizabeth Page‐Gould, Ana Perandrés, Jon Pizarro, Nada Pop‐Jordanova, Joanna Pyrkosz‐Pacyna, Sameir Quta, TamilSelvan Ramis, Nitya Rani, Sandrine Redersdorff, Isabelle Régner, Emma A. Renström, Adrian Rivera‐Rodriguez, Sánchez Tania Esmeralda Rocha, Tatiana Ryabichenko, Rim Saab, Kiriko Sakata, Adil Samekin, Tracy Sánchez‐Pachecho, Carolin Scheifele, Marion K. Schulmeyer, Sabine Sczesny, David Sirlopú, Vanessa Smith‐Castro, Kadri Soo, Federica Spaccatini, Jennifer R. Steele, Melanie C. Steffens, Ines Sucic, Joseph Vandello, Laura Maria Velásquez‐Díaz, Melissa Vink, Eva Vives, Turuwark Zalalam Warkineh, Iris Žeželj, Xiaoxiao Zhang, Xian Zhao, Sarah E. Martiny, „Wiley' grupė, Olsson, Mit, van Grootel, S, Block, K, Schuster, C, Meeussen, L, Van Laar, C, Schmader, T, Croft, A, Sun, M, Ainsaar, M, Aarntzen, L, Adamus, M, Anderson, J, Atkinson, C, Avicenna, M, Babel, P, Barth, M, Benson-Greenwald, Tm, Maloku, E, Berent, J, Bergsieker, Hb, Biernat, M, Birneanu, Ag, Bodinaku, B, Bosak, J, Bosson, J, Brankovic, M, Burkauskas, J, Cavojova, V, Cheryan, S, Choi, E, Choi, I, Contreras-Ibanez, Cc, Coogan, A, Danyliuk, I, Dar-Nimrod, I, Dasgupta, N, de Lemus, S, Devos, T, Diab, M, Diekman, Ab, Efremova, M, Eisner, L, Eller, A, Erentaite, R, Fedakova, D, Franc, R, Gartzia, L, Gavreliuc, A, Gavreliuc, D, Gecaite-Stonciene, J, Germano, Al, Giovannelli, I, Diaz, Rg, Gitikhmayeva, L, Gizaw, Am, Gjoneska, B, Gonzalez, Om, Gonzalez, R, Grijalva, Id, Gungor, D, Senden, Mg, Hall, W, Harb, C, Hassan, B, Hassler, T, Hawi, Dr, Henningsen, L, Hoppe, A, Ishii, K, Jaksic, I, Jasini, A, Jurkeviciene, J, Kelmendi, K, Kirby, Ta, Kitakaji, Y, Kosakowska-Berezecka, N, Kozytska, I, Kulich, C, Kundtova-Klocova, E, Kunuroglu, F, Aidy, Cl, Lee, A, Lindqvist, A, Lopez-Lopez, W, Luzvinda, L, Maricchiolo, F, Martinot, D, Mcnamara, Ra, Meister, A, Melka, Tl, Mickuviene, N, Miranda-Orrego, Mi, Mkamwa, T, Morandini, J, Morton, T, Mrisho, D, Nikitin, J, Otten, S, Pacilli, Mg, Page-Gould, E, Perandres, A, Pizarro, J, Pop-Jordanova, N, Pyrkosz-Pacyna, J, Quta, S, Ramis, T, Rani, N, Redersdorff, S, Regner, I, Renstrom, Ea, Rivera-Rodriguez, A, Rocha, Ste, Ryabichenko, T, Saab, R, Sakata, K, Samekin, A, Sanchez-Pachecho, T, Scheifele, C, Schulmeyer, Mk, Sczesny, S, Sirlopu, D, Smith-Castro, V, Soo, K, Spaccatini, F, Steele, Jr, Steffens, Mc, Sucic, I, Vandello, J, Velasquez-Diaz, Lm, Vink, M, Vives, E, Warkineh, Tz, Zezelj, I, Zhang, Xx, Zhao, X, and Martiny, Se

Subjects
inequality, Sociology and Political Science, Social Psychology, parental leave, Experimental and Cognitive Psychology, childcare, cross-national, VDP::Humaniora: 000, Philosophy, Clinical Psychology, cross- national, Political Science and International Relations, gender, parental leave, gender, cross-national, inequality, childcare
Abstract

Despite global commitments and efforts, a gender-based division of paid and unpaid work persists. To identify how psychological factors, national policies, and the broader sociocultural context contribute to this inequality, we assessed parental-leave intentions in young adults (18–30 years old) planning to have children (N = 13,942; 8,880 identified as women; 5,062 identified as men) across 37 countries that varied in parental-leave policies and societal gender equality. In all countries, women intended to take longer leave than men. National parental-leave policies and women’s political representation partially explained cross-national variations in the gender gap. Gender gaps in leave intentions were paradoxically larger in countries with more gender-egalitarian parental-leave policies (i.e., longer leave available to both fathers and mothers). Interestingly, this cross-national variation in the gender gap was driven by cross-national variations in women’s (rather than men’s) leave intentions. Financially generous leave and gender-egalitarian policies (linked to men’s higher uptake in prior research) were not associated with leave intentions in men. Rather, men’s leave intentions were related to their individual gender attitudes. Leave intentions were inversely related to career ambitions. The potential for existing policies to foster gender equality in paid and unpaid work is discussed., SSHRC Insight Development Grant 430-2018-00361 SSHRC Insight Grant 435-2014-1247 SSHRC doctoral fellowship, Basic Research Program at HSE University, RF, UK Research & Innovation (UKRI), Economic & Social Research Council (ESRC) ES/S00274X/1, State Research Agency PID2019--111549GB-I00/10.13039/501100011033, Guangdong 13th-five Philosophy and Social Science Planning Project GD20CXL06, National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) 31600912 research infrastructure HUME Lab Experimental Humanities Laboratory, Faculty of Arts, Masaryk University, Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) P1ZHP1_184553 P500PS_206546 P2LAP1_194987, Center for Social Conflict and Cohesion Studies (ANID/FONDAP) 15130009 Center for Intercultural and Indigenous Research (ANID/FONDAP) 15110006, SSHRC Postdoctoral Fellowship 756-2017-0249, Slovak Research and Development Agency project APVV 20--0319, Canada Research Chairs CGIAR CRC 152583, Social Sciences and Humanities Research Council of Canada (SSHRC) 140649, Ministry of Research and Innovation, Ontario 152655

Published
2023

4. Trust predicts COVID-19 prescribed and discretionary behavioral intentions in 23 countries

Author

Pagliaro, Stefano, Sacchi, Simona, Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina, Brambilla, Marco, Lionetti, Francesca, Bettache, Karim, Bianchi, Mauro, Biella, Marco, Bonnot, Virginie, Boza, Mihaela, Butera, Fabrizio, Ceylan-Batur, Suzan, Chong, Kristy, Chopova, Tatiana, Crimston, Charlie R, Álvarez, Belén, Cuadrado, Isabel, Ellemers, Naomi, Formanowicz, Magdalena, Graupmann, Verena, Gkinopoulos, Theofilos, Kyung Jeong, Evelyn Hye, Jasinskaja-Lahti, Inga, Jetten, Jolanda, Muhib Bin, Kabir, Mao, Yanhui, McCoy, Christine, Mehnaz, Farah, Minescu, Anca, Sirlopú, David, Simić, Andrej, Travaglino, Giovanni, Uskul, Ayse K, Zanetti, Cinzia, Zinn, Anna, Zubieta, Elena, Social identity: Morality and diversity, Leerstoel Ellemers, Sub SOC, Pagliaro, S., Sacchi, S., Pacilli, M. G., Brambilla, M., Lionetti, F., Bettache, K., Bianchi, M., Biella, M., Bonnot, V., Boza, M., Butera, F., Batur, S. C., Chong, K., Chopova, T., Crimston, C. R., Alvarez, B., Cuadrado, I., Ellemers, N., Formanowicz, M., Graupmann, V., Gkinopoulos, T., Jeong, E. H. K., Lahti, I. J., Jetten, J., Bin, K. M., Mao, Y., Mccoy, C., Mehnaz, F., Minescu, A., Sirlopu, D., Simic, A., Travaglino, G., Uskul, A. K., Zanetti, C., Zinn, A., Zubieta, E., University of Perugia, Politecnico di Milano [Milan] (POLIMI), Monash University, Laboratoire de Psychologie Sociale : contextes et régulation (LPS (URP_4471)), Université de Paris (UP), Social identity: Morality and diversity, Leerstoel Ellemers, Sub SOC, Faculty Common Matters (Faculty of Social Sciences), Social Psychology, Helsinki Inequality Initiative (INEQ), Social Psychologists Studying Intergroup Relations (ESSO), Pagliaro, S, Sacchi, S, Pacilli, M, Brambilla, M, Lionetti, F, Bettache, K, Bianchi, M, Biella, M, Bonnot, V, Boza, M, Butera, F, Ceylan-Batur, S, Chong, K, Chopova, T, Crimston, C, Álvarez, B, Cuadrado, I, Ellemers, N, Formanowicz, M, Graupmann, V, Gkinopoulos, T, Kyung Jeong, E, Jasinskaja-Lahti, I, Jetten, J, Kabir, M, Mao, Y, Mccoy, C, Mehnaz, F, Minescu, A, Sirlopú, D, Simić, A, Travaglino, G, Uskul, A, Zanetti, C, Zinn, A, Zubieta, E, and Topa, Gabriela (ed.)

Subjects
Social Cognition, Male, Viral Diseases, Science and Technology Workforce, Epidemiology, Health Behavior, DISCRETIONARY BEHAVIORAL INTENTIONS, [SHS.PSY]Humanities and Social Sciences/Psychology, Social Sciences, 050109 social psychology, Intention, Safeguarding, Careers in Research, Biochemistry, DISEASE, Disease Outbreaks, Governments, Medical Conditions, Sociology, Loyalty, HUMAN-VALUES, Medicine and Health Sciences, Psychology, Public and Occupational Health, purl.org/becyt/ford/5.1 [https], media_common, Disease Outbreak, Multidisciplinary, purl.org/becyt/ford/5 [https], Agricultural and Biological Sciences(all), 05 social sciences, Behavior change, Social Communication, SCIENCE, Middle Aged, IMMUNIZATION, 3. Good health, Professions, 5144 Social psychology, Infectious Diseases, Prosocial behavior, Government, [SCCO.PSYC]Cognitive science/Psychology, H1, Medicine, Female, Public Health, Coronavirus Infections, Social psychology, Human, Research Article, MORALITY, Adult, medicine.medical_specialty, Social Psychology, TRANSMISSION, Science Policy, Political Science, media_common.quotation_subject, WELL-BEING, Trust, 050105 experimental psychology, PUBLIC TRUST, medicine, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, General Agricultural and Biological Sciences, General Medicine, General, Pandemics, M-PSI/05 - PSICOLOGIA SOCIALE, Aged, Behavior, Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Coronavirus Infection, SARS-CoV-2, Public health, Cognitive Psychology, Biology and Life Sciences, COVID-19, Covid 19, Communications, Prosocial Behavior, People and Places, Well-being, Public trust, IDENTITY, Scientists, Cognitive Science, Population Groupings, Genetics and Molecular Biology(all), Neuroscience
Abstract

The worldwide spread of a new coronavirus (SARS-CoV-2) since December 2019 has posed a severe threat to individuals well-being. While the world at large is waiting that the released vaccines immunize most citizens, public health experts suggest that, in the meantime, it is only through behavior change that the spread of COVID-19 can be controlled. Importantly, the required behaviors are aimed not only at safeguarding one s own health. Instead, individuals are asked to adapt their behaviors to protect the community at large. This raises the question of which social concerns and moral principles make people willing to do so. We considered in 23 countries (N = 6948) individuals willingness to engage in prescribed and discretionary behaviors, as well as country-level and individual-level factors that might drive such behavioral intentions. Results from multilevel multiple regressions, with country as the nesting variable, showed that publicized number of infections were not significantly related to individual intentions to comply with the prescribed measures and intentions to engage in discretionary prosocial behaviors. Instead, psychological differences in terms of trust in government, citizens, and in particular toward science predicted individuals behavioral intentions across countries. The more people endorsed moral principles of fairness and care (vs. loyalty and authority), the more they were inclined to report trust in science, which, in turn, statistically predicted prescribed and discretionary behavioral intentions. Results have implications for the type of intervention and public communication strategies that should be most effective to induce the behavioral changes that are needed to control the COVID-19 outbreak. Fil: Pagliaro, Stefano. Universidad de Chieti Pescara; Italia Fil: Sacchi, Simona. University of Milano Bicocca; Italia Fil: Pacilli, Maria Giuseppina. Università di Perugia; Italia Fil: Brambilla, Marco. Università degli Studi di Milano; Italia Fil: Lionetti, Francesca. Universidad de Chieti Pescara; Italia Fil: Bettache, Karim. Monash University; Australia Fil: Bianchi, Mauro. Universidade Lusófona; Portugal Fil: Biella, Marco. Eberhard Karls Universitat Tubingen; Alemania Fil: Bonnot, Virginie. Universite de Paris; Francia Fil: Boza, Mihaela. University Alexandru Ioan Cuza; Rumania Fil: Butera, Fabrizio. Universite de Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Batur, Suzan Ceylan. University of Economics and Technology; Turquía Fil: Chong, Kristy. Monash University; Australia Fil: Chopova, Tatiana. Utrecht University; Países Bajos Fil: Crimston, Charlie R.. University of Queensland; Australia Fil: Alvarez, Belen. University of Queensland; Australia Fil: Cuadrado, Isabel. Universidad de Almería; España Fil: Ellemers, Naomi. University of Utrecht; Países Bajos Fil: Formanowicz, Magdalena. University Social Sciences and Humanities; Polonia. Nicolaus Copernicus University; Polonia Fil: Graupmann, Verena. DePaul University; Estados Unidos Fil: Gkinopoulos, Theofilos. University of Greenwich; Reino Unido Fil: Jeong, Evelyn Hye Kyung. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Lahti, Inga Jasinskaja. University of Helsinki; Finlandia Fil: Jetten, Jolanda. University of Queensland; Australia Fil: Bin, Kabir Muhib. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Mao, Yanhui. Southwest Jiaotong University; China Fil: McCoy, Christine. The University of Queensland; Australia Fil: Mehnaz, Farah. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Minescu, Anca. University of Limerick; Irlanda Fil: Sirlopu, David. Universidad del Desarrollo; Chile Fil: Simic, Andrej. Università degli Studi di Milano; Italia Fil: Travaglino, Giovanni. University Of Kent; Reino Unido. Chinese University Of Hong Kong; Hong Kong Fil: Uskul, Ayse K.. University Of Kent; Reino Unido Fil: Zanetti, Cinzia. Universite de Lausanne; Suiza Fil: Zinn, Anna. University of Exeter; Reino Unido Fil: Zubieta, Elena Mercedes. Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas; Argentina. Universidad de Buenos Aires. Facultad de Psicología; Argentina

Published
2021
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5. Personal life satisfaction as a measure of societal happiness is an individualistic presumption: evidence from fifty countries

Author

Heyla A. Selim, Alin Gavreliuc, Azar Nadi, Vladyslav Romashov, Diana Hanke-Boer, Michael Harris Bond, Julien Teyssier, Vladimer Lado Gamsakhurdia, Nicole Kronberger, Cláudio Vaz Torres, Pablo Barrientos, Lucie Klůzová Kračmárová, Brian W. Haas, John M. Zelenski, Arno Baltin, Fridanna Maricchiolo, Ragna B. Garðarsdóttir, Beate Schwarz, Patrick Denoux, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Mladen Adamovic, Carla Sofia Esteves, Zoran Pavlović, Márta Fülöp, Xinhui Liu, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Tamara Mohorić, Joonha Park, İdil Işık, Espen Røysamb, Martín Nader, Salome Charkviani, D.O. Igbokwe, Yukiko Uchida, Ursula Serdarevich, Natália Kaščáková, Cai Xing, Agnieszka Wojtczuk-Turek, Kuba Krys, Mustaffa Nur Fariza, Stanislava Stoyanova, Ruta Sargautyte, Muhammad Rizwan, Wijnand A.P. van Tilburg, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Vivian Miu-Chi Lun, Lily Appoh, Isabelle Albert, David Sirlopú, Eric Raymond Igou, Agata Kocimska-Zych, Oriana Mosca, Ayu Okvitawanli, Anna Kwiatkowska, Arina Malyonova, Yvette van Osch, Vivian L. Vignoles, Alejandra Domínguez-Espinosa, J. Hannah Lee, Colin A. Capaldi, Arévalo D. M. Mira, Chien-Ru Sun, Charity S. Akotia, Krys, K., Park, J., Kocimska-Zych, A., Kosiarczyk, A., Selim, H. A., Wojtczuk-Turek, A., Haas, B. W., Uchida, Y., Torres, C., Capaldi, C. A., Bond, M. H., Zelenski, J. M., Lun, V. M. -C., Maricchiolo, F., Vauclair, C. -M., Polackova Solcova, I., Sirlopu, D., Xing, C., Vignoles, V. L., van Tilburg, W. A. P., Teyssier, J., Sun, C. -R., Stoyanova, S., Serdarevich, U., Schwarz, B., Sargautyte, R., Roysamb, E., Romashov, V., Rizwan, M., Pavlovic, Z., Pavlopoulos, V., van Osch, Y., Okvitawanli, A., Nadi, A., Nader, M., Nur Fariza, M., Mosca, O., Mohoric, T., Barrientos, P. E., Malyonova, A., Liu, X., Lee, J. H., Kwiatkowska, A., Kronberger, N., Kluzova Kracmarova, L., Kascakova, N., Isik, I., Igou, E. R., Igbokwe, D. O., Hanke-Boer, D., Gavreliuc, A., Gardarsdottir, R. B., Fulop, M., Gamsakhurdia, V., Esteves, C. S., Dominguez-Espinosa, A., Denoux, P., Charkviani, S., Baltin, A., Mira, A. D. M., Appoh, L., Albert, I., Akotia, C. S., Adamovic, M., Polish National Science Centre, Japan Society, Department of Social Psychology, Vassilis Pavlopoulos, Iva Poláčková Šolcová, Christin-Melanie Vauclair, Eric R. Igou, Isabelle Albert, Yukiko Uchida, J. Hannah Lee, Alin I. Gavreliuc, Ayu Okvitawanli, Ragna B Gardarsdottir, David Sirlopu, Aleksandra Kosiarczyk, Vivian Lun, Joonha Park, Kuba Krys, Espen Roysamb, C. Sofia Esteves, Beate Schwarz, David Sirlopú, Colin Capaldi, Anna Kwiatkowska, Арина Юрьевна Маленова, Cai Xing, Tamara Mohoric, Oriana Mosca, Lucie Kluzova Kracmarova, Vivian Vignoles, Nicole Kronberger, Heyla Selim, Zoran Pavlović, and Stanislava Stoyanova

Subjects
Family happine, Collectivism, Culture, Family happiness, Individualism, Interdependent happiness, Life satisfaction, Self-construals, Well-being, media_common.quotation_subject, Happiness, Personal life, 050109 social psychology, Ciências Sociais::Outras Ciências Sociais [Domínio/Área Científica], 158: Angewandte Psychologie, Ciências Sociais::Psicologia [Domínio/Área Científica], 050105 experimental psychology, CULTURE, PSYCHOLOGY, Selfconstruals, Interdependent happine, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Cross-cultural comparison, media_common, 05 social sciences, Cross-cultural studies, SELF, EMOTIONS, Positive psychology, Samfunnsvitenskap: 200::Psykologi: 260 [VDP], Self-construal, Psychology, Social psychology, Social Sciences (miscellaneous)
Abstract

Erworben im Rahmen der Schweizer Nationallizenzen (http://www.nationallizenzen.ch), Numerous studies document that societal happiness is correlated with individualism, but the nature of this phenomenon remains understudied. In the current paper, we address this gap and test the reasoning that individualism correlates with societal happiness because the most common measure of societal happiness (i.e., country-level aggregates of personal life satisfaction) is individualism-themed. With the data collected from 13,009 participants across fifty countries, we compare associations of four types of happiness (out of which three are more collectivism-themed than personal life satisfaction) with two different measures of individualism. We replicated previous findings by demonstrating that societal happiness measured as country-level aggregate of personal life satisfaction is correlated with individualism. Importantly though, we also found that the country-level aggregates of the collectivism-themed measures of happiness do not tend to be significantly correlated with individualism. Implications for happiness studies and for policy makers are signaled.

Published
2021

6. Happiness Maximization Is a WEIRD Way of Living.

Author

Krys K, Kostoula O, van Tilburg WAP, Mosca O, Lee JH, Maricchiolo F, Kosiarczyk A, Kocimska-Bortnowska A, Torres C, Hitokoto H, Liew K, Bond MH, Lun VM, Vignoles VL, Zelenski JM, Haas BW, Park J, Vauclair CM, Kwiatkowska A, Roczniewska M, Witoszek N, Işık İ, Kosakowska-Berezecka N, Domínguez-Espinosa A, Yeung JC, Górski M, Adamovic M, Albert I, Pavlopoulos V, Fülöp M, Sirlopu D, Okvitawanli A, Boer D, Teyssier J, Malyonova A, Gavreliuc A, Serdarevich U, Akotia CS, Appoh L, Mira DMA, Baltin A, Denoux P, Esteves CS, Gamsakhurdia V, Garðarsdóttir RB, Igbokwe DO, Igou ER, Kascakova N, Klůzová Kracˇmárová L, Kronberger N, Barrientos PE, Mohoricć T, Murdock E, Mustaffa NF, Nader M, Nadi A, van Osch Y, Pavlović Z, Polácˇková Šolcová I, Rizwan M, Romashov V, Røysamb E, Sargautyte R, Schwarz B, Selecká L, Selim HA, Stogianni M, Sun CR, Wojtczuk-Turek A, Xing C, and Uchida Y

Abstract

Psychological science tends to treat subjective well-being and happiness synonymously. We start from the assumption that subjective well-being is more than being happy to ask the fundamental question: What is the ideal level of happiness? From a cross-cultural perspective, we propose that the idealization of attaining maximum levels of happiness may be especially characteristic of Western, educated, industrial, rich, and democratic (WEIRD) societies but less so for others. Searching for an explanation for why "happiness maximization" might have emerged in these societies, we turn to studies linking cultures to their eco-environmental habitat. We discuss the premise that WEIRD cultures emerged in an exceptionally benign ecological habitat (i.e., faced relatively light existential pressures compared with other regions). We review the influence of the Gulf Stream on the Northwestern European climate as a source of these comparatively benign geographical conditions. We propose that the ecological conditions in which WEIRD societies emerged afforded them a basis to endorse happiness as a value and to idealize attaining its maximum level. To provide a nomological network for happiness maximization, we also studied some of its potential side effects, namely alcohol and drug consumption and abuse and the prevalence of mania. To evaluate our hypothesis, we reanalyze data from two large-scale studies on ideal levels of personal life satisfaction-the most common operationalization of happiness in psychology-involving respondents from 61 countries. We conclude that societies whose members seek to maximize happiness tend to be characterized as WEIRD, and generalizing this across societies can prove problematic if adopted at the ideological and policy level.

Published
2024
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