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1. Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Abareshi, B., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, Shadab, Alexander, David M., Alfarsy, R., Allen, L., Prieto, C. Allende, Alves, O., Ameel, J., Armengaud, E., Asorey, J., Aviles, Alejandro, Bailey, S., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Ballester, O., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Beltran, S. F., Benavides, B., BenZvi, S., Berti, A., Besuner, R., Beutler, Florian, Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blanc, P., Blum, R., Bolton, A., Bose, S., Bramall, D., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brownewell, C., Buckley-Geer, E., Cahn, R. N., Cai, Z., Canning, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carton, P., Casas, R., Castander, F. J., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chuang, C., Circosta, C., Cole, S., Cooper, A. P., da Costa, L., Cousinou, M. -C., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., de la Cruz-Noriega, R., de la Macorra, A., de Mattia, A., Della Costa, J., Demmer, P., Derwent, M., Dey, A., Dey, B., Dhungana, G., Ding, Z., Dobson, C., Doel, P., Donald-McCann, J., Donaldson, J., Douglass, K., Duan, Y., Dunlop, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Enriquez-Vargas, M., Escoffier, S., Evatt, M., Fagrelius, P., Fan, X., Fanning, K., Fawcett, V. A., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Fromenteau, S., Gänsicke, B. T., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L., Gaztañaga, E., Gerardi, F., Gil-Marín, H., Gontcho, S. Gontcho A, Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X., Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Graur, O., Green, D., Grove, C., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hahn, C., Harris, S., Herrera, D., Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Jelinsky, P., Jiang, L., Jimenez, J., Jing, Y. P., Joyce, R., Jullo, E., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Karamanis, M., Karcher, A., Karim, T., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kitaura, F., Koposov, S. E., Kovács, A., Kremin, A., Krolewski, Alex, L'Huillier, B., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Lamman, C., Lan, Ting-Wen, Landriau, M., Lane, S., Lang, D., Lange, J. U., Lasker, J., Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Van Suu, A. Le, Levi, Michael E., Li, T. S., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, B., McCollam, W., McDonald, P., Meisner, Aaron M., Mezcua, J. Mena-Fernández M., Miller, T., Miquel, R., Montero-Camacho, P., Moon, J., Martini, J. Paul, Meneses-Rizo, J., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, S., Najita, J., Napolitano, L., Neilsen, E., Newman, Jeffrey A., Nie, J. D., Ning, Y., Niz, G., Norberg, P., Noriega, Hernán E., O'Brien, T., Obuljen, A., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Palmese, A., Zhiwei, P., Pappalardo, D., Peng, X., Percival, W. J., Perruchot, S., Pogge, R., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Prochaska, J., Pucha, R., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ráfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramirez-Solano, S., Ramírez-Pérez, César, Ravoux, C., Reil, K., Rezaie, M., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Roodman, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sabiu, C. G., Safonova, S., Said, K., Saintonge, A., Catonga, Javier Salas, Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schaan, E., Schlafly, E., Schlegel, D., Schmoll, J., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Secroun, A., Seo, H., Serrano, S., Sharples, Ray M., Sholl, Michael J., Silber, Joseph Harry, Silva, D. R., Sirk, M., Siudek, M., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Staten, R., Stupak, B., Tan, T., Tarlé, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tojeiro, R., Ureña-López, L. A., Valdes, F., Valenzuela, O., Valluri, M., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, C., Wechsler, R., Wilson, Michael J., Yang, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, Christophe, Zhang, H., Zhang, K., Zhao, Cheng, Zhou, Rongpu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zou, H., Zou, J., Zou, S., and Zu, Y.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) has embarked on an ambitious five-year survey to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopy of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the Baryon Acoustic Oscillation method to measure distances from the nearby universe to z > 3.5, as well as measure the growth of structure and probe potential modifications to general relativity. In this paper we describe the significant instrumentation we developed for the DESI survey. The new instrumentation includes a wide-field, 3.2-deg diameter prime-focus corrector that focuses the light onto 5020 robotic fiber positioners on the 0.812 m diameter, aspheric focal surface. The positioners and their fibers are divided among ten wedge-shaped petals. Each petal is connected to one of ten spectrographs via a contiguous, high-efficiency, nearly 50 m fiber cable bundle. The ten spectrographs each use a pair of dichroics to split the light into three channels that together record the light from 360 - 980 nm with a resolution of 2000 to 5000. We describe the science requirements, technical requirements on the instrumentation, and management of the project. DESI was installed at the 4-m Mayall telescope at Kitt Peak, and we also describe the facility upgrades to prepare for DESI and the installation and functional verification process. DESI has achieved all of its performance goals, and the DESI survey began in May 2021. Some performance highlights include RMS positioner accuracy better than 0.1", SNR per \sqrt{\AA} > 0.5 for a z > 2 quasar with flux 0.28e-17 erg/s/cm^2/A at 380 nm in 4000s, and median SNR = 7 of the [OII] doublet at 8e-17 erg/s/cm^2 in a 1000s exposure for emission line galaxies at z = 1.4 - 1.6. We conclude with highlights from the on-sky validation and commissioning of the instrument, key successes, and lessons learned. (abridged), Comment: 78 pages, 32 figures, submitted to AJ

Published
2022
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2. A Search for EUV Emission from Comets with the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS)

Author

Sasseen, T. P., Hurwitz, M., Lisse, C. M., Kharchenko, V., Christian, D., Wolk, S. J., Sirk, M. M., and Dalgarno, A.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We have obtained EUV spectra between 90 and 255 \AA of the cometsC/2002 T7 (LINEAR), C/2001 Q4 (NEAT), and C/2004 Q2 (Machholz) near their perihelion passages in 2004 with the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS). We obtained contemporaneous data on Comet NEAT Q4 with the $Chandra$ X-ray Observatory ACIS instrument, marking the first simultaneous EUV and X-ray spectral observations of a comet. The total CHIPS/EUV observing times were 337 ks for Q4, 234 ks for T7, and 483 ks for Machholz and for both CHIPS and $Chandra$ we calculate we have captured all the comet flux in the instrument field of view. We set upper limits on solar wind charge exchange emission lines of O, C, N, Ne and Fe occurring in the spectral bandpass of CHIPS. The spectrum of Q4 obtained with $Chandra$ can be reproduced by modeling emission lines of C, N O, Mg, Fe, Si, S, and Ne solar wind ions. The measured X-ray emission line intensities are consistent with our predictions from a solar wind charge exchange model. The model predictions for the EUV emission line intensities are determined from the intensity ratios of the cascading X-ray and EUV photons arising in the charge exchange processes. They are compatible with the measured limits on the intensities of the EUV lines. For comet Q4, we measured a total X-ray flux of 3.7$\times 10^{-12}$ ergs cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$, and derive from model predictions a total EUV flux of 1.5$\times 10^{-12}$ erg cm$^{-2}$ s$^{-1}$. The CHIPS observations occurred predominantly while the satellite was on the dayside of Earth. For much of the observing time, CHIPS performed observations at smaller solar angles than it was designed for and EUV emission from the Sun scattered into the instrument limited the sensitivity of the EUV measurements., Comment: 28 pages total, 4 tables, 7 figures. Accepted by The Astrophysical Journal

Published
2006
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3. Observations of Diffuse EUV Emission with the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS)

Author

Hurwitz, M., Sasseen, T. P., and Sirk, M. M.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

The Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) was designed to study diffuse emission from hot gas in the local interstellar cavity in the wavelength range 90 - 265 A. Between launch in January 2003 and early 2004, the instrument was operated in narrow-slit mode, achieving a peak spectral resolution of about 1.4 A FWHM. Observations were carried out preferentially at high galactic latitudes; weighted by observing time, the mean absolute value of the galactic latitude for all narrow-slit observations combined is about 45 degrees. The total integration time is about 13.2 Msec (74% day, 26% night). In the context of a standard collisional ionization equilibrium plasma model, the CHIPS data set tight constraints on the emission measure at temperatures between 10^{5.55} K and 10^{6.4} K. At 10^{6.0} K, the 95% upper limit on the emission measure is about 0.0004 cm^{-6} pc for solar abundance plasma with foreground neutral hydrogen column of 2 x 10^{18} cm^{-2}. This constraint, derived primarily from limits on the extreme ultraviolet emission lines of highly ionized iron, is well below the range for the local hot bubble estimated previously from soft X-ray studies. To support the emission measures inferred previously from X-ray data would require depletions much higher than the moderate values reported previously for hot gas., Comment: 13 pages, 4 figures, 1 table

Published
2004
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4. Measuring the Boundary Layer and Inner Accretion Disk Temperatures for WX Ceti During Superoutburst

Author

Howell, S. B., Fried, R., Szkody, P., Sirk, M., and Schmidt, G.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We obtained EUV photometry, optical spectroscopy, and multi-color optical photometry for WX Cet during its 1998 November superoutburst. WX Cet is only the second short-period, low mass transfer CV (TOAD) to ever be observed in the EUV. Our determined superhump period is consistent with that found by Kato et al. (0.059 d) and we confirm that superhumps are grey in the optical. The optical spectra provide direct evidence that the line emission region is optically thick and our multi-wavelength photometric measurements are used to determine the inner accretion disk and boundary layer temperatures during superoutburst. Using a determined distance to WX Cet of ~130 pc, we find T$_{ID}$= 21,000K and T_{BL}~72,500K. Both values are in good agreement with that expected by models of the superoutburst continuum being produced by the inner disk and boundary layer., Comment: Accepted in PASP - July 2002 issue

Published
2002
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5. Simultaneous EUV and IR Observations of the Eclipsing Polar HU Aqr

Author

Howell, S. B., Ciardi, D. R., Sirk, M. M., and Schwope, A. D.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We present simultaneous EUV and infrared (J,K) observations of the polar HU Aqr obtained during August 1998 when the star was in a high mass accretion state. EUV and IR light curves and EUV spectra are presented and compared with previous observations. The accretion region on the white dwarf has increased in temperature (124,000K to 240,000K) and radius (0.04 R$_{WD}$ to 0.06 R$_{WD} $) compared with previous EUV observations made during low mass accretion states. The EUV and IR photometric observations are shown to have a similar appearance as a function o f orbital phase. The EUV photometry shows rapid changes and provides evidence for mass accretion via blobs. The high state IR light curves present an asymmetric double-humped shape with J=14.8 and K=14.1. We applied an ellipsoidal model fit to the observations and the result indicates that the cause of the modulated shape is both due to ellipsoidal variations from the Roche Lobe filling secondary star and a complex flux combination probably dominated at all orbital phases by cyclotron emission. The source of maximum cyclotron emission appears to be in the accretion column high above the white dwarf surface., Comment: Accepted for publication in AJ

Published
2001
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6. EUV Spectra of the Full Solar Disk: Analysis and Results of the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS)

Author

Sirk, M. M., Hurwitz, M., and Marchant, W.

Subjects
Physics, Extraterrestrial Physics, Space Sciences, Meteorology/Climatology, Astrophysics and Astroparticles, Corona, Solar EUV irradiance, Spectral line, intensity and diagnostics
Abstract

We analyze EUV spectra of the full solar disk from the Cosmic Hot Interstellar Plasma Spectrometer (CHIPS) spanning a period of two years. The observations were obtained via a fortuitous off-axis light path in the 140 – 275 Å passband. The general appearance of the spectra remained relatively stable over the two-year time period, but did show significant variations of up to 25% between two sets of Fe lines that show peak emission at 1 MK and 2 MK. The variations occur at a measured period of 27.2 days and are caused by regions of hotter and cooler plasma rotating into, and out of, the field of view. The CHIANTI spectral code is employed to determine plasma temperatures, densities, and emission measures. A set of five isothermal plasmas fit the full-disk spectra well. A 1 – 2 MK plasma of Fe contributes 85% of the total emission in the CHIPS passband. The standard Differential Emission Measures (DEMs) supplied with the CHIANTI package do not fit the CHIPS spectra well as they over-predict emission at temperatures below log 10 T=6.0 and above log 10 T=6.3. The results are important for cross-calibrating TIMED, SORCE, SOHO/EIT, and CDS/GIS, as well as the recently launched Solar Dynamics Observatory.

Published
2010

7. Polars -- multisite emission -- multiwavelength observation

Author

Schwope, Axel D., Beuermann, K., Buckley, D. A. H., Ciardi, D., Cropper, M., Horne, K., Howell, S., Mantel, K. -H., Metzner, A., O'Brien, K., Schwarz, R., Sirk, M., Steeghs, D., Still, M., and Thomas, H. -C.

Subjects
Astrophysics
Abstract

We review the main observational characteristics of AM Herculis stars (polars) at X-ray, EUV, UV, IR and optical wavelengths. Particular emphasis is given to multi-epoch, multi-wavelength observations of the eclipsing polar HU Aqr (RX J2107.9-0518). In AM Herculis stars the broad-band spectral energy distribution from X-rays to the IR is governed by only very small structures: the hot accretion regions on the footpoints af accreting field lines. The most extended structures in the binary systems on the other hand, the mass-donating secondary stars and the accretion streams, distinctly appear only as Doppler-shifted emission or absorption lines. They can best be studied by investigating selected narrow spectral features in the optical, ultraviolet or the near infrared. In this contribution both aspects will be highlighted, the structure of the accretion regions as inferred from multi-wavelength observations with low or no spectral resolution, as well as the structure of the secondary stars and the accretion streams as inferred from high-resolution spectral observations and Doppler mapping., Comment: 15 pages, 9 figures, LaTeX, uses paspconf.sty and epsf.sty; Invited review given at the 13th North American Workshop on CVs, ASP Conf. Ser., in press; see also http://www.aip.de:8080/~preprint/preprints/1997/1997_ads4.html

Published
1997

8. Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

DESI Collaboration, Abareshi, B., Aguilar, J., Ahlen, S., Alam, Shadab, Alexander, David M., Alfarsy, R., Allen, L., Prieto, C. Allende, Alves, O., Ameel, J., Armengaud, E., Asorey, J., Aviles, Alejandro, Bailey, S., Balaguera-Antolínez, A., Ballester, O., Baltay, C., Bault, A., Beltran, S. F., Benavides, B., BenZvi, S., Berti, A., Besuner, R., Beutler, Florian, Bianchi, D., Blake, C., Blanc, P., Blum, R., Bolton, A., Bose, S., Bramall, D., Brieden, S., Brodzeller, A., Brooks, D., Brownewell, C., Buckley-Geer, E., Cahn, R. N., Cai, Z., Canning, R., Capasso, R., Rosell, A. Carnero, Carton, P., Casas, R., Castander, F. J., Cervantes-Cota, J. L., Chabanier, S., Chaussidon, E., Chuang, C., Circosta, C., Cole, S., Cooper, A. P., Costa, L. Da, Cousinou, M.-C., Cuceu, A., Davis, T. M., Dawson, K., Cruz-Noriega, R. De La, Macorra, A. De La, Mattia, A. De, Costa, J. Della, Demmer, P., Derwent, M., Dey, A., Dey, B., Dhungana, G., Ding, Z., Dobson, C., Doel, P., Donald-McCann, J., Donaldson, J., Douglass, K., Duan, Y., Dunlop, P., Edelstein, J., Eftekharzadeh, S., Eisenstein, D. J., Enriquez-Vargas, M., Escoffier, S., Evatt, M., Fagrelius, P., Fan, X., Fanning, K., Fawcett, V. A., Ferraro, S., Ereza, J., Flaugher, B., Font-Ribera, A., Forero-Romero, J. E., Frenk, C. S., Fromenteau, S., Gänsicke, B. T., Garcia-Quintero, C., Garrison, L., Gaztañaga, E., Gerardi, F., Gil-Marín, H., A Gontcho, S. Gontcho, Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X., Gonzalez-De-Rivera, G., Gonzalez-Perez, V., Gordon, C., Graur, O., Green, D., Grove, C., Gruen, D., Gutierrez, G., Guy, J., Hahn, C., Harris, S., Herrera, D., Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K., Honscheid, K., Howlett, C., Huterer, D., Iršič, V., Ishak, M., Jelinsky, P., Jiang, L., Jimenez, J., Jing, Y. P., Joyce, R., Jullo, E., Juneau, S., Karaçaylı, N. G., Karamanis, M., Karcher, A., Karim, T., Kehoe, R., Kent, S., Kirkby, D., Kisner, T., Kitaura, F., Koposov, S. E., Kovács, A., Kremin, A., Krolewski, Alex, L’Huillier, B., Lahav, O., Lambert, A., Lamman, C., Lan, Ting-Wen, Landriau, M., Lane, S., Lang, D., Lange, J. U., Lasker, J., Guillou, L. Le, Leauthaud, A., Van Suu, A. Le, Levi, Michael E., Li, T. S., Magneville, C., Manera, M., Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, B., Martini, Paul, McCollam, W., McDonald, P., Meisner, Aaron M., Mena-Fernández, J., Meneses-Rizo, J., Mezcua, M., Miller, T., Miquel, R., Montero-Camacho, P., Moon, J., Moustakas, J., Mueller, E., Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea, Myers, Adam D., Nadathur, S., Najita, J., Napolitano, L., Neilsen, E., Newman, Jeffrey A., Nie, J. D., Ning, Y., Niz, G., Norberg, P., Noriega, Hernán E., O’Brien, T., Obuljen, A., Palanque-Delabrouille, N., Palmese, A., Zhiwei, P., Pappalardo, D., PENG, X., Percival, W. J., Perruchot, S., Pogge, R., Poppett, C., Porredon, A., Prada, F., Prochaska, J., Pucha, R., Pérez-Fernández, A., Pérez-Ràfols, I., Rabinowitz, D., Raichoor, A., Ramirez-Solano, S., Ramírez-Pérez, César, Ravoux, C., Reil, K., Rezaie, M., Rocher, A., Rockosi, C., Roe, N. A., Roodman, A., Ross, A. J., Rossi, G., Ruggeri, R., Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., Sabiu, C. G., Safonova, S., Said, K., Saintonge, A., Catonga, Javier Salas, Samushia, L., Sanchez, E., Saulder, C., Schaan, E., Schlafly, E., Schlegel, D., Schmoll, J., Scholte, D., Schubnell, M., Secroun, A., Seo, H., Serrano, S., Sharples, Ray M., Sholl, Michael J., Silber, Joseph Harry, Silva, D. R., Sirk, M., Siudek, M., Smith, A., Sprayberry, D., Staten, R., Stupak, B., Tan, T., Tarlé, Gregory, Tie, Suk Sien, Tojeiro, R., Ureña-López, L. A., Valdes, F., Valenzuela, O., Valluri, M., Vargas-Magaña, M., Verde, L., Walther, M., Wang, B., Wang, M. S., Weaver, B. A., Weaverdyck, C., Wechsler, R., Wilson, Michael J., Yang, J., Yu, Y., Yuan, S., Yèche, Christophe, Zhang, H., Zhang, K., Zhao, Cheng, Zhou, Rongpu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zou, H., Zou, J., Zou, S., Zu, Y., Aguilar, J. [0000-0003-0822-452X], Ahlen, S. [0000-0001-6098-7247], Alam, Shadab [0000-0002-3757-6359], Alexander, David M. [0000-0002-5896-6313], Allen, L. [0000-0002-7789-5119], Prieto, C. Allende [0000-0002-0084-572X], Ameel, J. [0000-0003-3638-2584], Asorey, J. [0000-0002-6211-499X], Bailey, S. [0000-0003-4162-6619], Balaguera-Antolínez, A. [0000-0001-5028-3035], Ballester, O. [0000-0002-7126-5300], Bault, A. [0000-0002-9964-1005], Beltran, S. F. [0000-0001-6324-4019], Berti, A. [0000-0003-3582-6649], Beutler, Florian [0000-0003-0467-5438], Bose, S. [0000-0002-0974-5266], Brieden, S. [0000-0003-3896-9215], Brodzeller, A. [0000-0002-8934-0954], Brooks, D. [0000-0002-8458-5047], Cahn, R. N. [0000-0003-2748-0641], Cai, Z. [0000-0001-8467-6478], Capasso, R. [0000-0002-3083-6840], Rosell, A. Carnero [0000-0003-3044-5150], Castander, F. J. [0000-0001-7316-4573], Cervantes-Cota, J. L. [0000-0002-3057-6786], Chabanier, S. [0000-0002-5692-5243], Chaussidon, E. [0000-0001-8996-4874], Chuang, C. [0000-0002-3882-078X], Cole, S. [0000-0002-5954-7903], Cooper, A. P. [0000-0001-8274-158X], Cuceu, A. [0000-0002-2169-0595], Davis, T. M. [0000-0002-4213-8783], Dawson, K. [0000-0002-0553-3805], Costa, J. Della [0000-0003-0928-2000], Dey, A. [0000-0002-4928-4003], Dey, B. [0000-0002-5665-7912], Dhungana, G. [0000-0002-5402-1216], Ding, Z. [0000-0002-3369-3718], Douglass, K. [0000-0002-9540-546X], Duan, Y. [0000-0002-2611-0895], Eisenstein, D. J. [0000-0002-2929-3121], Escoffier, S. [0000-0002-2847-7498], Fan, X. [0000-0003-3310-0131], Fawcett, V. A. [0000-0003-1251-532X], Ereza, J. [0000-0002-0194-4017], Frenk, C. S. [0000-0002-2338-716X], Gänsicke, B. T. [0000-0002-2761-3005], Garrison, L. [0000-0002-9853-5673], Gaztañaga, E. [0000-0001-9632-0815], Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X. [0000-0003-4089-6924], Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G. [0000-0003-4452-743X], Gonzalez-Perez, V. [0000-0001-9938-2755], Graur, O. [0000-0002-4391-6137], Green, D. [0000-0002-0676-3661], Gruen, D. [0000-0003-3270-7644], Hahn, C. [0000-0003-1197-0902], Herrera, D. [0000-0003-2092-6727], Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K. [0000-0002-9136-9609], Huterer, D. [0000-0001-6558-0112], Iršič, V. [0000-0002-5445-461X], Ishak, M. [0000-0002-6024-466X], Jiang, L. [0000-0003-4176-6486], Jing, Y. P. [0000-0002-4534-3125], Joyce, R. [0000-0003-0201-5241], Jullo, E. [0000-0002-9253-053X], Juneau, S. [0000-0002-0000-2394], Karaçaylı, N. G. [0000-0001-7336-8912], Karamanis, M. [0000-0001-9489-4612], Karim, T. [0000-0002-5652-8870], Kehoe, R. [0000-0002-7101-697X], Kent, S. [0000-0003-4207-7420], Kirkby, D. [0000-0002-8828-5463], Kisner, T. [0000-0003-3510-7134], Koposov, S. E. [0000-0003-2644-135X], Kovács, A. [0000-0002-5825-579X], Kremin, A. [0000-0001-6356-7424], L’Huillier, B. [0000-0003-2934-6243], Landriau, M. [0000-0003-1838-8528], Lang, D. [0000-0002-1172-0754], Lasker, J. [0000-0003-2999-4873], Guillou, L. Le [0000-0001-7178-8868], Leauthaud, A. [0000-0002-3677-3617], Van Suu, A. Le [0000-0001-5488-783X], Levi, Michael E. [0000-0003-1887-1018], Li, T. S. [0000-0002-9110-6163], Manser, Christopher J. [0000-0003-1543-5405], Martini, Paul [0000-0002-0194-4017], McDonald, P. [0000-0001-8346-8394], Meisner, Aaron M. [0000-0002-1125-7384], Mena-Fernández, J. [0000-0001-9497-7266], Meneses-Rizo, J. [0000-0003-3201-9788], Miquel, R. [0000-0002-6610-4836], Moustakas, J. [0000-0002-2733-4559], Nadathur, S. [0000-0001-9070-3102], Neilsen, E. [0000-0002-7357-0317], Newman, Jeffrey A. [0000-0001-8684-2222], Nie, J. D. [0000-0001-6590-8122], Ning, Y. [0000-0001-9442-1217], Niz, G. [0000-0002-1544-8946], Norberg, P. [0000-0002-5875-0440], Noriega, Hernán E. [0000-0002-3397-3998], Obuljen, A. [0000-0002-9012-6621], Palanque-Delabrouille, N. [0000-0003-3188-784], PENG, X. [0000-0002-3784-830X], Percival, W. J. [0000-0002-0644-5727], Pogge, R. [0000-0003-1435-3053], Porredon, A. [0000-0002-2762-2024], Prada, F. [0000-0001-7145-8674], Prochaska, J. [0000-0002-7738-6875], Pucha, R. [0000-0002-4940-3009], Pérez-Ràfols, I. [0000-0001-6979-0125], Rabinowitz, D. [0000-0003-4961-7653], Raichoor, A. [0000-0001-5999-7923], Rezaie, M. [0000-0001-5589-7116], Rockosi, C. [0000-0002-6667-7028], Roodman, A. [0000-0001-5326-3486], Sabiu, C. G. [0000-0002-5513-5303], Safonova, S. [0000-0002-2240-7421], Said, K. [0000-0002-1809-6325], Saintonge, A. [0000-0003-4357-3450], Samushia, L. [0000-0002-1609-5687], Sanchez, E. [0000-0002-9646-8198], Saulder, C. [0000-0002-0408-5633], Schaan, E. [0000-0002-4619-8927], Schlegel, D. [0000-0002-5042-5088], Secroun, A. [0000-0003-0505-3710], Seo, H. [0000-0002-6588-3508], Sharples, Ray M. [0000-0003-3449-8583], Silber, Joseph Harry [0000-0002-3461-0320], Silva, D. R. [0000-0002-7678-2155], Sprayberry, D. [0000-0001-7583-6441], Tarlé, Gregory [0000-0003-1704-0781], Tie, Suk Sien [0000-0002-5249-1353], Valdes, F. [0000-0001-5567-1301], Valenzuela, O. [0000-0002-0523-5509], Valluri, M. [0000-0002-6257-2341], Verde, L. [0000-0003-2601-8770], Walther, M. [0000-0002-1748-3745], Wang, B. [0000-0003-4877-1659], Wang, M. S. [0000-0002-2652-4043], Wechsler, R. [0000-0003-2229-011X], Yang, J. [0000-0001-5287-4242], Yu, Y. [0000-0002-9359-7170], Yuan, S. [0000-0002-5992-7586], Yèche, Christophe [0000-0001-5146-8533], Zhang, H. [0000-0001-6847-5254], Zhang, K. [0000-0002-9808-3646], Zhao, Cheng [0000-0002-1991-7295], Zhou, Rongpu [0000-0001-5381-4372], Zhou, Zhimin [0000-0002-4135-0977], Zou, H. [0000-0002-6684-3997], Zou, J. [0000-0001-9189-0368], Zou, S. [0000-0002-3983-6484], Zu, Y. [0000-0001-6966-6925], Apollo - University of Cambridge Repository, University of St Andrews. School of Physics and Astronomy, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Observatoire de Haute-Provence (OHP), Institut Pythéas (OSU PYTHEAS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national de recherche en sciences et technologies pour l'environnement et l'agriculture (IRSTEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre de Physique des Particules de Marseille (CPPM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire d'Astrophysique de Marseille (LAM), Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Centre National d'Études Spatiales [Toulouse] (CNES)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Énergies (LPNHE (UMR_7585)), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), DESI, HEP, INSPIRE, and Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación (España)

Subjects
Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics (astro-ph.CO), FOS: Physical sciences, redshift 0.6, Settore FIS/05 - Astronomia e Astrofisica, QB Astronomy, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM), QC, QB, MCC, Astronomy and Astrophysics, DAS, space, distortions, peak, Laboratory Astrophysics, Instrumentation, Software, and Data, QC Physics, Space and Planetary Science, [PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET] Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det], astro-ph.CO, galaxy sample, power-spectrum, Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics, [PHYS.ASTR] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], [PHYS.ASTR]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph], growth-rate, Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, astro-ph.IM
Abstract

Full list of authors: Abareshi, B.; Aguilar, J.; Ahlen, S.; Alam, Shadab; Alexander, David M.; Alfarsy, R.; Allen, L.; Allende Prieto, C.; Alves, O.; Ameel, J.; Armengaud, E.; Asorey, J.; Aviles, Alejandro; Bailey, S.; Balaguera-Antolinez, A.; Ballester, O.; Baltay, C.; Bault, A.; Beltran, S. F.; Benavides, B.; BenZvi, S.; Berti, A.; Besuner, R.; Beutler, Florian; Bianchi, D.; Blake, C.; Blanc, P.; Blum, R.; Bolton, A.; Bose, S.; Bramall, D.; Brieden, S.; Brodzeller, A.; Brooks, D.; Brownewell, C.; Buckley-Geer, E.; Cahn, R. N.; Cai, Z.; Canning, R.; Capasso, R.; Carnero Rosell, A.; Carton, P.; Casas, R.; Castander, F. J.; Cervantes-Cota, J. L.; Chabanier, S.; Chaussidon, E.; Chuang, C.; Circosta, C.; Cole, S.; Cooper, A. P.; da Costa, L.; Cousinou, M-C; Cuceu, A.; Davis, T. M.; Dawson, K.; De la Cruz-Noriega, R.; de la Macorra, A.; de Mattia, A.; Della Costa, J.; Demmer, P.; Derwent, M.; Dey, A.; Dey, B.; Dhungana, G.; Ding, Z.; Dobson, C.; Doel, P.; Donald-McCann, J.; Donaldson, J.; Douglass, K.; Duan, Y.; Dunlop, P.; Edelstein, J.; Eftekharzadeh, S.; Eisenstein, D. J.; Enriquez-Vargas, M.; Escoffier, S.; Evatt, M.; Fagrelius, P.; Fan, X.; Fanning, K.; Fawcett, V. A.; Ferraro, S.; Ereza, J.; Flaugher, B.; Font-Ribera, A.; Forero-Romero, J. E.; Frenk, C. S.; Fromenteau, S.; Gansicke, B. T.; Garcia-Quintero, C.; Garrison, L.; Gaztanaga, E.; Gerardi, F.; Gil-Marin, H.; Gontcho, S. Gontcho A.; Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X.; Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G.; Gonzalez-Perez, V; Gordon, C.; Graur, O.; Green, D.; Grove, C.; Gruen, D.; Gutierrez, G.; Guy, J.; Hahn, C.; Harris, S.; Herrera, D.; Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K.; Honscheid, K.; Howlett, C.; Huterer, D.; Irsic, V; Ishak, M.; Jelinsky, P.; Jiang, L.; Jimenez, J.; Jing, Y. P.; Joyce, R.; Jullo, E.; Juneau, S.; Karacayli, N. G.; Karamanis, M.; Karcher, A.; Karim, T.; Kehoe, R.; Kent, S.; Kirkby, D.; Kisner, T.; Kitaura, F.; Koposov, S. E.; Kovacs, A.; Kremin, A.; Krolewski, Alex; L'Huillier, B.; Lahav, O.; Lambert, A.; Lamman, C.; Lan, Ting-Wen; Landriau, M.; Lane, S.; Lang, D.; Lange, J. U.; Lasker, J.; Le Guillou, L.; Leauthaud, A.; Suu, A. Le Van; Levi, Michael E.; Li, T. S.; Magneville, C.; Manera, M.; Manser, Christopher J.; Marshall, B.; Martini, Paul; McCollam, W.; McDonald, P.; Meisner, Aaron M.; Mena-Fernandez, J.; Meneses-Rizo, J.; Mezcua, M.; Miller, T.; Miquel, R.; Montero-Camacho, P.; Moon, J.; Moustakas, J.; Mueller, E.; Munoz-Gutierrez, Andrea; Myers, Adam D.; Nadathur, S.; Najita, J.; Napolitano, L.; Neilsen, E.; Newman, Jeffrey A.; Nie, J. D.; Ning, Y.; Niz, G.; Norberg, P.; Noriega, Hernan E.; O'Brien, T.; Obuljen, A.; Palanque-Delabrouille, N.; Palmese, A.; Zhiwei, P.; Pappalardo, D.; Peng, X.; Percival, W. J.; Perruchot, S.; Pogge, R.; Poppett, C.; Porredon, A.; Prada, F.; Prochaska, J.; Pucha, R.; Perez-Fernandez, A.; Perez-Rafols, I; Rabinowitz, D.; Raichoor, A.; Ramirez-Solano, S.; Ramirez-Perez, Cesar; Ravoux, C.; Reil, K.; Rezaie, M.; Rocher, A.; Rockosi, C.; Roe, N. A.; Roodman, A.; Ross, A. J.; Rossi, G.; Ruggeri, R.; Ruhlmann-Kleider, V; Sabiu, C. G.; Safonova, S.; Said, K.; Saintonge, A.; Catonga, Javier Salas; Samushia, L.; Sanchez, E.; Saulder, C.; Schaan, E.; Schlafly, E.; Schlegel, D.; Schmoll, J.; Scholte, D.; Schubnell, M.; Secroun, A.; Seo, H.; Serrano, S.; Sharples, Ray M.; Sholl, Michael J.; Silber, Joseph Harry; Silva, D. R.; Sirk, M.; Siudek, M.; Smith, A.; Sprayberry, D.; Staten, R.; Stupak, B.; Tan, T.; Tarle, Gregory; Tie, Suk Sien; Tojeiro, R.; Urena-Lopez, L. A.; Valdes, F.; Valenzuela, O.; Valluri, M.; Vargas-Magana, M.; Verde, L.; Walther, M.; Wang, B.; Wang, M. S.; Weaver, B. A.; Weaverdyck, C.; Wechsler, R.; Wilson, Michael J.; Yang, J.; Yu, Y.; Yuan, S.; Yeche, Christophe; Zhang, H.; Zhang, K.; Zhao, Cheng; Zhou, Rongpu; Zhou, Zhimin; Zou, H.; Zou, J.; Zou, S.; Zu, Y.; DESI Collaboration.--This is an Open Access article distributed under the terms of the Creative Commons Attribution License (http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/), which permits unrestricted reuse, distribution, and reproduction in any medium, provided the original work is properly cited., The Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument (DESI) embarked on an ambitious 5 yr survey in 2021 May to explore the nature of dark energy with spectroscopic measurements of 40 million galaxies and quasars. DESI will determine precise redshifts and employ the baryon acoustic oscillation method to measure distances from the nearby universe to beyond redshift z > 3.5, and employ redshift space distortions to measure the growth of structure and probe potential modifications to general relativity. We describe the significant instrumentation we developed to conduct the DESI survey. This includes: a wide-field, 3fdg2 diameter prime-focus corrector; a focal plane system with 5020 fiber positioners on the 0.812 m diameter, aspheric focal surface; 10 continuous, high-efficiency fiber cable bundles that connect the focal plane to the spectrographs; and 10 identical spectrographs. Each spectrograph employs a pair of dichroics to split the light into three channels that together record the light from 360–980 nm with a spectral resolution that ranges from 2000–5000. We describe the science requirements, their connection to the technical requirements, the management of the project, and interfaces between subsystems. DESI was installed at the 4 m Mayall Telescope at Kitt Peak National Observatory and has achieved all of its performance goals. Some performance highlights include an rms positioner accuracy of better than 0farcs1 and a median signal-to-noise ratio of 7 of the [O ii] doublet at 8 × 10−17 erg s−1 cm−2 in 1000 s for galaxies at z = 1.4–1.6. We conclude with additional highlights from the on-sky validation and commissioning, key successes, and lessons learned. © 2022. The Author(s). Published by the American Astronomical Society., This research is supported by the Director, Office of Science, Office of High Energy Physics of the U.S. Department of Energy under contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231, and by the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center, a DOE Office of Science User Facility under the same contract. Additional support for DESI is provided by the U.S. National Science Foundation, Division of Astronomical Sciences under contract No. AST-0950945 to the NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory; the Science and Technologies Facilities Council of the United Kingdom; the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation; the Heising–Simons Foundation; the French Alternative Energies and Atomic Energy Commission (CEA); the National Council of Science and Technology of Mexico (CONACYT); the Ministry of Science and Innovation of Spain, and by the DESI Member Institutions: Aix-Marseille University; Argonne National Laboratory; Barcelona-Madrid Regional Participation Group; Brookhaven National Laboratory; Boston University; Brazil Regional Participation Group; Carnegie Mellon University; CEA-IRFU, Saclay; China Participation Group; Cornell University; Durham University; École Polytechnique Fédérale de Lausanne; Eidgenössische Technische Hochschule, Zürich; Fermi National Accelerator Laboratory; Granada-Madrid-Tenerife Regional Participation Group; Harvard University; Kansas State University; Korea Astronomy and Space Science Institute; Korea Institute for Advanced Study; Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory; Laboratoire de Physique Nucléaire et de Hautes Energies; Ludwig Maximilians University; Max Planck Institute; Mexico Regional Participation Group; New York University; NSF's National Optical-Infrared Astronomy Research Laboratory; Ohio University; Perimeter Institute; Shanghai Jiao Tong University; Siena College; SLAC National Accelerator Laboratory; Southern Methodist University; Swinburne University; The Ohio State University; Universidad de los Andes; University of Arizona; University of Barcelona; University of California, Berkeley; University of California, Irvine; University of California, Santa Cruz; University College London; University of Florida; University of Michigan at Ann Arbor; University of Pennsylvania; University of Pittsburgh; University of Portsmouth; University of Queensland; University of Rochester; University of Toronto; University of Utah; University of Waterloo; University of Wyoming; University of Zurich; UK Regional Participation Group; and Yale University. This work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC; https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement., With funding from the Spanish government through the Severo Ochoa Centre of Excellence accreditation SEV-2017-0709.

Published
2022
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9. Overview of the Instrumentation for the Dark Energy Spectroscopic Instrument

Author

Abareshi, B., additional, Aguilar, J., additional, Ahlen, S., additional, Alam, Shadab, additional, Alexander, David M., additional, Alfarsy, R., additional, Allen, L., additional, Prieto, C. Allende, additional, Alves, O., additional, Ameel, J., additional, Armengaud, E., additional, Asorey, J., additional, Aviles, Alejandro, additional, Bailey, S., additional, Balaguera-Antolínez, A., additional, Ballester, O., additional, Baltay, C., additional, Bault, A., additional, Beltran, S. F., additional, Benavides, B., additional, BenZvi, S., additional, Berti, A., additional, Besuner, R., additional, Beutler, Florian, additional, Bianchi, D., additional, Blake, C., additional, Blanc, P., additional, Blum, R., additional, Bolton, A., additional, Bose, S., additional, Bramall, D., additional, Brieden, S., additional, Brodzeller, A., additional, Brooks, D., additional, Brownewell, C., additional, Buckley-Geer, E., additional, Cahn, R. N., additional, Cai, Z., additional, Canning, R., additional, Capasso, R., additional, Rosell, A. Carnero, additional, Carton, P., additional, Casas, R., additional, Castander, F. J., additional, Cervantes-Cota, J. L., additional, Chabanier, S., additional, Chaussidon, E., additional, Chuang, C., additional, Circosta, C., additional, Cole, S., additional, Cooper, A. P., additional, Costa, L. da, additional, Cousinou, M.-C., additional, Cuceu, A., additional, Davis, T. M., additional, Dawson, K., additional, Cruz-Noriega, R. de la, additional, Macorra, A. de la, additional, Mattia, A. de, additional, Costa, J. Della, additional, Demmer, P., additional, Derwent, M., additional, Dey, A., additional, Dey, B., additional, Dhungana, G., additional, Ding, Z., additional, Dobson, C., additional, Doel, P., additional, Donald-McCann, J., additional, Donaldson, J., additional, Douglass, K., additional, Duan, Y., additional, Dunlop, P., additional, Edelstein, J., additional, Eftekharzadeh, S., additional, Eisenstein, D. J., additional, Enriquez-Vargas, M., additional, Escoffier, S., additional, Evatt, M., additional, Fagrelius, P., additional, Fan, X., additional, Fanning, K., additional, Fawcett, V. A., additional, Ferraro, S., additional, Ereza, J., additional, Flaugher, B., additional, Font-Ribera, A., additional, Forero-Romero, J. E., additional, Frenk, C. S., additional, Fromenteau, S., additional, Gänsicke, B. T., additional, Garcia-Quintero, C., additional, Garrison, L., additional, Gaztañaga, E., additional, Gerardi, F., additional, Gil-Marín, H., additional, A Gontcho, S. Gontcho, additional, Gonzalez-Morales, Alma X., additional, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G., additional, Gonzalez-Perez, V., additional, Gordon, C., additional, Graur, O., additional, Green, D., additional, Grove, C., additional, Gruen, D., additional, Gutierrez, G., additional, Guy, J., additional, Hahn, C., additional, Harris, S., additional, Herrera, D., additional, Herrera-Alcantar, Hiram K., additional, Honscheid, K., additional, Howlett, C., additional, Huterer, D., additional, Iršič, V., additional, Ishak, M., additional, Jelinsky, P., additional, Jiang, L., additional, Jimenez, J., additional, Jing, Y. P., additional, Joyce, R., additional, Jullo, E., additional, Juneau, S., additional, Karaçaylı, N. G., additional, Karamanis, M., additional, Karcher, A., additional, Karim, T., additional, Kehoe, R., additional, Kent, S., additional, Kirkby, D., additional, Kisner, T., additional, Kitaura, F., additional, Koposov, S. E., additional, Kovács, A., additional, Kremin, A., additional, Krolewski, Alex, additional, L’Huillier, B., additional, Lahav, O., additional, Lambert, A., additional, Lamman, C., additional, Lan, Ting-Wen, additional, Landriau, M., additional, Lane, S., additional, Lang, D., additional, Lange, J. U., additional, Lasker, J., additional, Guillou, L. Le, additional, Leauthaud, A., additional, Van Suu, A. Le, additional, Levi, Michael E., additional, Li, T. S., additional, Magneville, C., additional, Manera, M., additional, Manser, Christopher J., additional, Marshall, B., additional, Martini, Paul, additional, McCollam, W., additional, McDonald, P., additional, Meisner, Aaron M., additional, Mena-Fernández, J., additional, Meneses-Rizo, J., additional, Mezcua, M., additional, Miller, T., additional, Miquel, R., additional, Montero-Camacho, P., additional, Moon, J., additional, Moustakas, J., additional, Mueller, E., additional, Muñoz-Gutiérrez, Andrea, additional, Myers, Adam D., additional, Nadathur, S., additional, Najita, J., additional, Napolitano, L., additional, Neilsen, E., additional, Newman, Jeffrey A., additional, Nie, J. D., additional, Ning, Y., additional, Niz, G., additional, Norberg, P., additional, Noriega, Hernán E., additional, O’Brien, T., additional, Obuljen, A., additional, Palanque-Delabrouille, N., additional, Palmese, A., additional, Zhiwei, P., additional, Pappalardo, D., additional, PENG, X., additional, Percival, W. J., additional, Perruchot, S., additional, Pogge, R., additional, Poppett, C., additional, Porredon, A., additional, Prada, F., additional, Prochaska, J., additional, Pucha, R., additional, Pérez-Fernández, A., additional, Pérez-Ràfols, I., additional, Rabinowitz, D., additional, Raichoor, A., additional, Ramirez-Solano, S., additional, Ramírez-Pérez, César, additional, Ravoux, C., additional, Reil, K., additional, Rezaie, M., additional, Rocher, A., additional, Rockosi, C., additional, Roe, N. A., additional, Roodman, A., additional, Ross, A. J., additional, Rossi, G., additional, Ruggeri, R., additional, Ruhlmann-Kleider, V., additional, Sabiu, C. G., additional, Safonova, S., additional, Said, K., additional, Saintonge, A., additional, Catonga, Javier Salas, additional, Samushia, L., additional, Sanchez, E., additional, Saulder, C., additional, Schaan, E., additional, Schlafly, E., additional, Schlegel, D., additional, Schmoll, J., additional, Scholte, D., additional, Schubnell, M., additional, Secroun, A., additional, Seo, H., additional, Serrano, S., additional, Sharples, Ray M., additional, Sholl, Michael J., additional, Silber, Joseph Harry, additional, Silva, D. R., additional, Sirk, M., additional, Siudek, M., additional, Smith, A., additional, Sprayberry, D., additional, Staten, R., additional, Stupak, B., additional, Tan, T., additional, Tarlé, Gregory, additional, Tie, Suk Sien, additional, Tojeiro, R., additional, Ureña-López, L. A., additional, Valdes, F., additional, Valenzuela, O., additional, Valluri, M., additional, Vargas-Magaña, M., additional, Verde, L., additional, Walther, M., additional, Wang, B., additional, Wang, M. S., additional, Weaver, B. A., additional, Weaverdyck, C., additional, Wechsler, R., additional, Wilson, Michael J., additional, Yang, J., additional, Yu, Y., additional, Yuan, S., additional, Yèche, Christophe, additional, Zhang, H., additional, Zhang, K., additional, Zhao, Cheng, additional, Zhou, Rongpu, additional, Zhou, Zhimin, additional, Zou, H., additional, Zou, J., additional, Zou, S., additional, and Zu, Y., additional

Published
2022
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10. The Ionospheric Connection Explorer Mission: Mission Goals and Design

Author

Immel, T. J., England, S. L., Mende, S. B., Heelis, R. A., Englert, C. R., Edelstein, J., Frey, H. U., Korpela, E. J., Taylor, E. R., Craig, W. W., Harris, S. E., Bester, M., Bust, G. S., Crowley, G., Forbes, J. M., Gérard, J.-C., Harlander, J. M., Huba, J. D., Hubert, B., Kamalabadi, F., Makela, J. J., Maute, A. I., Meier, R. R., Raftery, C., Rochus, P., Siegmund, O. H. W., Stephan, A. W., Swenson, G. R., Frey, S., Hysell, D. L., Saito, A., Rider, K. A., and Sirk, M. M.

Published
2017
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12. The Secrets of EUVE J2056-17.1

Author

Mathioudakis, M., Drake, J. J., Craig, N., Kilkenny, D., Doyle, J. G., Sirk, M., Dupuis, J., Fruscione, A., Christian, C. A., Abbott, M. J., Bowyer, Stuart, editor, and Malina, Roger F., editor

Published
1996
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13. Serendipitous EUV sources detected during the first year of the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer right angle program

Author

Mcdonald, K, Craig, N, Sirk, M. M, Drake, J. J, Fruscione, A, Vallerga, J. V, and Malina, R. F

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

We report the detection of 114 extreme ultraviolet (EUV; 58 - 740 A) sources, of which 99 are new serendipitous sources, based on observations made with the imaging telescopes on board the Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer (EUVE) during the Right Angle Program (RAP). These data were obtained using the survey scanners and the Deep Survey instrument during the first year of the spectroscopic guest observer phase of the mission, from January 1993 to January 1994. The data set consists of 162 discrete pointings whose exposure times are typically two orders of magnitude longer than the average exposure times during the EUVE all-sky survey. Based on these results, we can expect that EUVE will serendipitously detect approximately 100 new EUV sources per year, or about one new EUV source per 10 sq deg, during the guest observer phase of the EUVE mission. New EUVE sources of note include one B star and three extragalactic objects. The B star (HR 2875, EUVE J0729 - 38.7) is detected in both the Lexan/B (approximately 100 A) and Al/Ti/C (approximately 200 A) bandpasses, and the detection is shown not to be a result of UV leaks. We suggest that we are detecting EUV and/or soft x rays from a companion to the B star. Three sources, EUVE J2132+10.1, EUVE J2343-14.9, and EUVE J2359-30.6 are identified as the active galactic nuclei MKN 1513, MS2340.9-1511, and 1H2354-315, respectively.

Published
1994
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14. The DESI Experiment Part II: Instrument Design

Author

DESI Collaboration, Desi, C, Aghamousa, A, Aguilar, J, Ahlen, S, Alam, S, Allen, L, Allende Prieto, C, Annis, J, Bailey, S, Balland, C, Ballester, O, Baltay, C, Beaufore, L, Bebek, C, Beers, T, Bell, E, Bernal, J, Besuner, R, Beutler, F, Blake, Chris, B, Hannes, Blomqvist, M, Blum, R, Bolton, A, Briceno, C, Brooks, D, Brownstein, J, Buckley-Geer, E, Burden, A, Burtin, E, Busca, N, Cahn, R, Cai, Y, Cardiel-Sas, L, Carlberg, R, Carton, P, Casas, R, Castander, F, Cervantes-Cota, J, Claybaugh, T, Close, M, Coker, C, Cole, S, Comparat, J, Cooper, A, Cousinou, M, Crocce, M, Cuby, J, Cunningham, D, Davis, T, Dawson, K, de la Macorra, A, De Vicente, J, Delubac, T, Derwent, M, Dey, A, Dhungana, G, Ding, Z, Doel, P, Duan, Y, Ealet, A, Edelstein, J, Eftekharzadeh, S, Eisenstein, D, Elliott, A, Escoffier, S, Evatt, M, Fagrelius, P, Fan, X, Fanning, K, Farahi, A, Farihi, J, Favole, G, Feng, Y, Fernandez, E, Findlay, J, Finkbeiner, D, Fitzpatrick, M, Flaugher, B, Flender, S, Font-Ribera, A, Forero-Romero, J, Fosalba, P, Frenk, C, Fumagalli, M, Gaensicke, B, Gallo, G, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, N, Gerard, T, Gershkovich, I, Giannantonio, T, Gillet, D, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G, Gonzalez-Perez, V, Gott, S, Graur, O, Gutierrez, G, Guy, J, Habib, S, Heetderks, H, Heetderks, I, Heitmann, K, Hellwing, W, Herrera, D, Ho, S, Holland, S, Honscheid, K, Huff, E, Hutchinson, T, Huterer, D, Hwang, H, Illa Laguna, J, Ishikawa, Y, Jacobs, D, Jeffrey, N, Jelinsky, P, Jennings, E, Jiang, L, Jimenez, J, Johnson, J, Joyce, R, Jullo, E, Juneau, S, Kama, S, Karcher, A, Karkar, S, Kehoe, R, Kennamer, N, Kent, S, Kilbinger, M, Kim, A, Kirkby, D, Kisner, T, Kitanidis, E, Kneib, J, Koposov, S, Kovacs, E, Koyama, K, Kremin, A, Kron, R, Kronig, L, Kueter-Young, A, Lacey, C, Lafever, R, Lahav, O, Lambert, A, Lampton, M, Landriau, M, Lang, D, Lauer, T, Le Goff, J, Le Guillou, L, Le Van Suu, A, Lee, J, Lee, S, Leitner, D, Lesser, M, Levi, M, L'Huillier, B, Li, B, Liang, M, Lin, H, Linder, E, Loebman, S, Lukić, Z, Ma, J, Maccrann, N, Magneville, C, Makarem, L, Manera, M, Manser, C, Marshall, R, Martini, P, Massey, R, Matheson, T, Mccauley, J, Mcdonald, P, Mcgreer, I, Meisner, A, Metcalfe, N, Miller, T, Miquel, R, Moustakas, J, Myers, A, Naik, M, Newman, J, Nichol, R, Nicola, A, Nicolati da Costa, L, Nie, J, Niz, G, Norberg, P, Nord, B, Norman, D, Nugent, P, O'Brien, T, Oh, M, Olsen, K, Padilla, C, Padmanabhan, H, Padmanabhan, N, Palanque-Delabrouille, N, Palmese, A, Pappalardo, D, Pâris, I, Park, C, Patej, A, Peacock, J, Peiris, H, Peng, X, Percival, W, Perruchot, S, Pieri, M, Pogge, R, Pollack, J, Poppett, C, Prada, F, Prakash, A, Probst, R, Rabinowitz, D, Raichoor, A, Ree, C, Refregier, A, Regal, X, Reid, B, Reil, K, Rezaie, M, Rockosi, C, Roe, N, Ronayette, S, Roodman, A, Ross, A, Ross, N, Rossi, G, Rozo, E, Ruhlmann-Kleider, V, Rykoff, E, Sabiu, C, Samushia, L, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, J, Schlegel, D, Schneider, M, Schubnell, M, Secroun, A, Seljak, U, Seo, H, Serrano, S, Shafieloo, A, Shan, H, Sharples, R, Sholl, M, Shourt, W, Silber, J, Silva, D, Sirk, M, Slosar, A, Smith, A, Smoot, G, Som, D, Song, Y, Sprayberry, D, Staten, R, Stefanik, A, Tarle, G, Sien Tie, S, Tinker, J, Tojeiro, R, Valdes, F, Valenzuela, O, Valluri, M, Vargas-Magana, M, Verde, L, Walker, A, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Weaver, B, Weaverdyck, C, Wechsler, R, Weinberg, D, White, M, Yang, Q, Yeche, C, Zhang, T, Zhao, G, Zheng, Y, Zhou, X, Zhou, Z, Zhu, Y, Zou, H, Zu, Y, DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Chris Bleuler, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Van Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. G., Padilla, Cristobal, Padmanabhan, Hamsa, Padmanabhan, Nikhil, Palanque-Delabrouille, Nathalie, Palmese, Antonella, Pappalardo, Daniel, Pâris, Isabelle, Park, Changbom, Patej, Anna, Peacock, John A., Peiris, Hiranya V., Peng, Xiyan, Percival, Will J., Perruchot, Sandrine, Pieri, Matthew M., Pogge, Richard, Pollack, Jennifer E., Poppett, Claire, Prada, Francisco, Prakash, Abhishek, Probst, Ronald G., Rabinowitz, David, Raichoor, Anand, Ree, Chang Hee, Refregier, Alexandre, Regal, Xavier, Reid, Beth, Reil, Kevin, Rezaie, Mehdi, Rockosi, Constance M., Roe, Natalie, Ronayette, Samuel, Roodman, Aaron, Ross, Ashley J., Ross, Nicholas P., Rossi, Graziano, Rozo, Eduardo, Ruhlmann-Kleider, Vanina, Rykoff, Eli S., Sabiu, Cristiano, Samushia, Lado, Sanchez, Eusebio, Sanchez, Javier, Schlegel, David J., Schneider, Michael, Schubnell, Michael, Secroun, Aurélia, Seljak, Uros, Seo, Hee-Jong, Serrano, Santiago, Shafieloo, Arman, Shan, Huanyuan, Sharples, Ray, Sholl, Michael J., Shourt, William V., Silber, Joseph H., Silva, David R., Sirk, Martin M., Slosar, Anze, Smith, Alex, Smoot, George F., Som, Debopam, Song, Yong-Seon, Sprayberry, David, Staten, Ryan, Stefanik, Andy, Tarle, Gregory, Sien Tie, Suk, Tinker, Jeremy L., Tojeiro, Rita, Valdes, Francisco, Valenzuela, Octavio, Valluri, Monica, Vargas-Magana, Mariana, Verde, Licia, Walker, Alistair R., Wang, Jiali, Wang, Yuting, Weaver, Benjamin A., Weaverdyck, Curtis, Wechsler, Risa H., Weinberg, David H., White, Martin, Yang, Qian, Yeche, Christophe, Zhang, Tianmeng, Zhao, Gong-Bo, Zheng, Yi, Zhou, Xu, Zhou, Zhimin, Zhu, Yaling, Zou, Hu, Zu, Ying, DESI Collaboration, Desi, C, Aghamousa, A, Aguilar, J, Ahlen, S, Alam, S, Allen, L, Allende Prieto, C, Annis, J, Bailey, S, Balland, C, Ballester, O, Baltay, C, Beaufore, L, Bebek, C, Beers, T, Bell, E, Bernal, J, Besuner, R, Beutler, F, Blake, Chris, B, Hannes, Blomqvist, M, Blum, R, Bolton, A, Briceno, C, Brooks, D, Brownstein, J, Buckley-Geer, E, Burden, A, Burtin, E, Busca, N, Cahn, R, Cai, Y, Cardiel-Sas, L, Carlberg, R, Carton, P, Casas, R, Castander, F, Cervantes-Cota, J, Claybaugh, T, Close, M, Coker, C, Cole, S, Comparat, J, Cooper, A, Cousinou, M, Crocce, M, Cuby, J, Cunningham, D, Davis, T, Dawson, K, de la Macorra, A, De Vicente, J, Delubac, T, Derwent, M, Dey, A, Dhungana, G, Ding, Z, Doel, P, Duan, Y, Ealet, A, Edelstein, J, Eftekharzadeh, S, Eisenstein, D, Elliott, A, Escoffier, S, Evatt, M, Fagrelius, P, Fan, X, Fanning, K, Farahi, A, Farihi, J, Favole, G, Feng, Y, Fernandez, E, Findlay, J, Finkbeiner, D, Fitzpatrick, M, Flaugher, B, Flender, S, Font-Ribera, A, Forero-Romero, J, Fosalba, P, Frenk, C, Fumagalli, M, Gaensicke, B, Gallo, G, Garcia-Bellido, J, Gaztanaga, E, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, N, Gerard, T, Gershkovich, I, Giannantonio, T, Gillet, D, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, G, Gonzalez-Perez, V, Gott, S, Graur, O, Gutierrez, G, Guy, J, Habib, S, Heetderks, H, Heetderks, I, Heitmann, K, Hellwing, W, Herrera, D, Ho, S, Holland, S, Honscheid, K, Huff, E, Hutchinson, T, Huterer, D, Hwang, H, Illa Laguna, J, Ishikawa, Y, Jacobs, D, Jeffrey, N, Jelinsky, P, Jennings, E, Jiang, L, Jimenez, J, Johnson, J, Joyce, R, Jullo, E, Juneau, S, Kama, S, Karcher, A, Karkar, S, Kehoe, R, Kennamer, N, Kent, S, Kilbinger, M, Kim, A, Kirkby, D, Kisner, T, Kitanidis, E, Kneib, J, Koposov, S, Kovacs, E, Koyama, K, Kremin, A, Kron, R, Kronig, L, Kueter-Young, A, Lacey, C, Lafever, R, Lahav, O, Lambert, A, Lampton, M, Landriau, M, Lang, D, Lauer, T, Le Goff, J, Le Guillou, L, Le Van Suu, A, Lee, J, Lee, S, Leitner, D, Lesser, M, Levi, M, L'Huillier, B, Li, B, Liang, M, Lin, H, Linder, E, Loebman, S, Lukić, Z, Ma, J, Maccrann, N, Magneville, C, Makarem, L, Manera, M, Manser, C, Marshall, R, Martini, P, Massey, R, Matheson, T, Mccauley, J, Mcdonald, P, Mcgreer, I, Meisner, A, Metcalfe, N, Miller, T, Miquel, R, Moustakas, J, Myers, A, Naik, M, Newman, J, Nichol, R, Nicola, A, Nicolati da Costa, L, Nie, J, Niz, G, Norberg, P, Nord, B, Norman, D, Nugent, P, O'Brien, T, Oh, M, Olsen, K, Padilla, C, Padmanabhan, H, Padmanabhan, N, Palanque-Delabrouille, N, Palmese, A, Pappalardo, D, Pâris, I, Park, C, Patej, A, Peacock, J, Peiris, H, Peng, X, Percival, W, Perruchot, S, Pieri, M, Pogge, R, Pollack, J, Poppett, C, Prada, F, Prakash, A, Probst, R, Rabinowitz, D, Raichoor, A, Ree, C, Refregier, A, Regal, X, Reid, B, Reil, K, Rezaie, M, Rockosi, C, Roe, N, Ronayette, S, Roodman, A, Ross, A, Ross, N, Rossi, G, Rozo, E, Ruhlmann-Kleider, V, Rykoff, E, Sabiu, C, Samushia, L, Sanchez, E, Sanchez, J, Schlegel, D, Schneider, M, Schubnell, M, Secroun, A, Seljak, U, Seo, H, Serrano, S, Shafieloo, A, Shan, H, Sharples, R, Sholl, M, Shourt, W, Silber, J, Silva, D, Sirk, M, Slosar, A, Smith, A, Smoot, G, Som, D, Song, Y, Sprayberry, D, Staten, R, Stefanik, A, Tarle, G, Sien Tie, S, Tinker, J, Tojeiro, R, Valdes, F, Valenzuela, O, Valluri, M, Vargas-Magana, M, Verde, L, Walker, A, Wang, J, Wang, Y, Weaver, B, Weaverdyck, C, Wechsler, R, Weinberg, D, White, M, Yang, Q, Yeche, C, Zhang, T, Zhao, G, Zheng, Y, Zhou, X, Zhou, Z, Zhu, Y, Zou, H, Zu, Y, DESI Collaboration, Aghamousa, Amir, Aguilar, Jessica, Ahlen, Steve, Alam, Shadab, Allen, Lori E., Allende Prieto, Carlos, Annis, James, Bailey, Stephen, Balland, Christophe, Ballester, Otger, Baltay, Charles, Beaufore, Lucas, Bebek, Chris, Beers, Timothy C., Bell, Eric F., Bernal, José Luis, Besuner, Robert, Beutler, Florian, Chris Bleuler, Blomqvist, Michael, Blum, Robert, Bolton, Adam S., Briceno, Cesar, Brooks, David, Brownstein, Joel R., Buckley-Geer, Elizabeth, Burden, Angela, Burtin, Etienne, Busca, Nicolas G., Cahn, Robert N., Cai, Yan-Chuan, Cardiel-Sas, Laia, Carlberg, Raymond G., Carton, Pierre-Henri, Casas, Ricard, Castander, Francisco J., Cervantes-Cota, Jorge L., Claybaugh, Todd M., Close, Madeline, Coker, Carl T., Cole, Shaun, Comparat, Johan, Cooper, Andrew P., Cousinou, M. -C., Crocce, Martin, Cuby, Jean-Gabriel, Cunningham, Daniel P., Davis, Tamara M., Dawson, Kyle S., de la Macorra, Axel, De Vicente, Juan, Delubac, Timothée, Derwent, Mark, Dey, Arjun, Dhungana, Govinda, Ding, Zhejie, Doel, Peter, Duan, Yutong T., Ealet, Anne, Edelstein, Jerry, Eftekharzadeh, Sarah, Eisenstein, Daniel J., Elliott, Ann, Escoffier, Stéphanie, Evatt, Matthew, Fagrelius, Parker, Fan, Xiaohui, Fanning, Kevin, Farahi, Arya, Farihi, Jay, Favole, Ginevra, Feng, Yu, Fernandez, Enrique, Findlay, Joseph R., Finkbeiner, Douglas P., Fitzpatrick, Michael J., Flaugher, Brenna, Flender, Samuel, Font-Ribera, Andreu, Forero-Romero, Jaime E., Fosalba, Pablo, Frenk, Carlos S., Fumagalli, Michele, Gaensicke, Boris T., Gallo, Giuseppe, Garcia-Bellido, Juan, Gaztanaga, Enrique, Pietro Gentile Fusillo, Nicola, Gerard, Terry, Gershkovich, Irena, Giannantonio, Tommaso, Gillet, Denis, Gonzalez-de-Rivera, Guillermo, Gonzalez-Perez, Violeta, Gott, Shelby, Graur, Or, Gutierrez, Gaston, Guy, Julien, Habib, Salman, Heetderks, Henry, Heetderks, Ian, Heitmann, Katrin, Hellwing, Wojciech A., Herrera, David A., Ho, Shirley, Holland, Stephen, Honscheid, Klaus, Huff, Eric, Hutchinson, Timothy A., Huterer, Dragan, Hwang, Ho Seong, Illa Laguna, Joseph Maria, Ishikawa, Yuzo, Jacobs, Dianna, Jeffrey, Niall, Jelinsky, Patrick, Jennings, Elise, Jiang, Linhua, Jimenez, Jorge, Johnson, Jennifer, Joyce, Richard, Jullo, Eric, Juneau, Stéphanie, Kama, Sami, Karcher, Armin, Karkar, Sonia, Kehoe, Robert, Kennamer, Noble, Kent, Stephen, Kilbinger, Martin, Kim, Alex G., Kirkby, David, Kisner, Theodore, Kitanidis, Ellie, Kneib, Jean-Paul, Koposov, Sergey, Kovacs, Eve, Koyama, Kazuya, Kremin, Anthony, Kron, Richard, Kronig, Luzius, Kueter-Young, Andrea, Lacey, Cedric G., Lafever, Robin, Lahav, Ofer, Lambert, Andrew, Lampton, Michael, Landriau, Martin, Lang, Dustin, Lauer, Tod R., Le Goff, Jean-Marc, Le Guillou, Laurent, Le Van Suu, Auguste, Lee, Jae Hyeon, Lee, Su-Jeong, Leitner, Daniela, Lesser, Michael, Levi, Michael E., L'Huillier, Benjamin, Li, Baojiu, Liang, Ming, Lin, Huan, Linder, Eric, Loebman, Sarah R., Lukić, Zarija, Ma, Jun, MacCrann, Niall, Magneville, Christophe, Makarem, Laleh, Manera, Marc, Manser, Christopher J., Marshall, Robert, Martini, Paul, Massey, Richard, Matheson, Thomas, McCauley, Jeremy, McDonald, Patrick, McGreer, Ian D., Meisner, Aaron, Metcalfe, Nigel, Miller, Timothy N., Miquel, Ramon, Moustakas, John, Myers, Adam, Naik, Milind, Newman, Jeffrey A., Nichol, Robert C., Nicola, Andrina, Nicolati da Costa, Luiz, Nie, Jundan, Niz, Gustavo, Norberg, Peder, Nord, Brian, Norman, Dara, Nugent, Peter, O'Brien, Thomas, Oh, Minji, Olsen, Knut A. 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Abstract

DESI (Dark Energy Spectropic Instrument) is a Stage IV ground-based dark energy experiment that will study baryon acoustic oscillations and the growth of structure through redshift-space distortions with a wide-area galaxy and quasar redshift survey. The DESI instrument is a robotically-actuated, fiber-fed spectrograph capable of taking up to 5,000 simultaneous spectra over a wavelength range from 360 nm to 980 nm. The fibers feed ten three-arm spectrographs with resolution $R= lambda/Deltalambda$ between 2000 and 5500, depending on wavelength. The DESI instrument will be used to conduct a five-year survey designed to cover 14,000 deg$^2$. This powerful instrument will be installed at prime focus on the 4-m Mayall telescope in Kitt Peak, Arizona, along with a new optical corrector, which will provide a three-degree diameter field of view. The DESI collaboration will also deliver a spectroscopic pipeline and data management system to reduce and archive all data for eventual public use.

Published
2016

16. EUV Constraints on Models of Low Mass X-Ray Binaries

Author

Damian Christian, Edelstein, J. E., Mathioudakis, M., Mcdonald, K., and Sirk, M. M.

Abstract

We present EUVE survey results for moderate column directions containing known low-mass X-ray binaries (LMXB). We derive Lexan band (100 Å) count rates and upper limits for nearly 40 LMXB chosen generally with EB-V ≤ 0.3. Detections include Sco X-1, Her X-1, and the GRO transient CJ0422+32. Super soft sources in the LMC yield 3 σ upper limits of ≤ 10 counts ks−1. The extrapolation of two component spectral models (such as blackbody plus thermal bremsstrahlung), are in agreement with the survey upper limits. Contemporary LMXB spectral models, which involve Comptonization in an inner disk corona, predict a large flux of EUV photons. If the above model is correct in the EUV, such a component could be detected in source with low column densities. We argue that additional intrasystem column hampers its detection.

Published
1996
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21. The proper motion of Herbig-Haro Objects. IV - RNO 40 and 43

Author

Jones, B. F, Cohen, M, Sirk, M, and Jarrett, R

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Proper motions and spectra of the Herbig-Haro Objects RNO 40 and 43 have been obtained. The proper-motion vectors point away from far-infrared sources. The spectra were used to infer shock velocities. These shock velocities agree with the tangential motion in the case of RNO 40, but are smaller than the tangential motion in the case of RNO 43. RNO 43 appears to be associated with an entire family of comoving knots.

Published
1984
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27. Multiwavelength monitoring of QS Tel

Author

Rosen, S. R., primary, Rainger, J. F., additional, Burleigh, M. R., additional, Mittaz, J. P. D., additional, Buckley, D. A. H., additional, Sirk, M. M., additional, Lieu, R., additional, Howell, S. B., additional, and de Martino, D., additional

Published
2001
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33. The Secrets of EUVE J2056-17.1

Author

Mathioudakis, M., primary, Drake, J.J., additional, Craig, N., additional, Kilkenny, D., additional, Doyle, J.G., additional, Sirk, M., additional, Dupuis, J., additional, Fruscione, A., additional, Christian, C.A., additional, and Abbott, M.J., additional

Published
1996
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34. Extreme Ultraviolet Explorer Bright Source List

Author

Malina, R. F., primary, Marshall, H. L., additional, Antia, B., additional, Christian, C. A., additional, Dobson, C. A., additional, Finley, D. S., additional, Fruscione, A., additional, Girouard, F. R., additional, Hawkins, I., additional, Jelinsky, P., additional, Lewis, J. W., additional, McDonald, J. S., additional, McDonald, K., additional, Patterer, R. J., additional, Saba, V. W., additional, Sirk, M., additional, Stroozas, B. A., additional, Vallerga, J. V., additional, Vedder, P. W., additional, Wiercigroch, A., additional, and Bowyer, S., additional

Published
1994
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35. The Secrets of EUVE J2056-17.1

Author

Mathioudakis, M., Drake, J. J., Craig, N., Kilkenny, D., Doyle, J. C., Sirk, M., Dupuis, J., Fruscione, A., Carol Christian, and Abbott, M. J.

Abstract

EUVE J2056-17.1 is one of the brightest sources in the First EUVE Source Catalog with 0.24 counts s−1 in the Deep Survey Lexan/B band. We present optical and EUV results that show this source is one of the most active late-type dwarfs. EUVE observed a large flare with energy in excess of 1035 ergs in its Lexan/B band. The quiescent optical spectrum of the source reveals strong hydrogen Balmer and Ca II H and K emission. A strong Li I 6707 Å line is also present in the spectrum. We have estimated a Li abundance of log N(Li) = 2.5±0.4. The high Li abundance and the high flare activity favors an interpretation where the enhanced Li is sustained by spallation reactions.

40. Collimated focal ratio degradation testing for highly multiplexed fiber systems-an improvement to a standard test.

Author

Finstad D, Wishnow E, Poppett C, Sirk M, Edelstein J, Gibson S, Marcy G, and Howard A

Abstract

A simple method for determining the focal ratio degradation of optical fibers has been developed. The method involves splitting the light from the test fiber and recording ring patterns that have traveled over two different, and known, optical paths. This new method will be valuable for testing many fibers as will be needed for new multiobject astronomical spectrographs.

Published
2016
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